🎨 Committing clang-format changes

Add compatibility macro for older MacOSX deployment targets

.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# clang-format: 19
+AccessModifierOffset:                 -2
+AlignAfterOpenBracket:                Align
+AlignConsecutiveBitFields:            false
+AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine:        Always
+AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine:    true
+AllowShortEnumsOnASingleLine:         true
+AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine:     Inline
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine:  AllIfsAndElse
+AllowShortLambdasOnASingleLine:       All
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine:         true
+AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations:      true
+BasedOnStyle:                         WebKit
+BinPackArguments:                     true
+BinPackParameters:                    true
+BreakBeforeBraces:                    Attach
+ColumnLimit:                          0
+Cpp11BracedListStyle:                 true
+FixNamespaceComments:                 true
+IfMacros:                             ['SECTION']
+IncludeBlocks:                        Preserve
+IndentCaseLabels:                     true
+IndentPPDirectives:                   None
+IndentWidth:                          2
+KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks:     false
+NamespaceIndentation:                 All
+PackConstructorInitializers:          CurrentLine
+PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 200
+PenaltyBreakComment:                  5
+PenaltyBreakFirstLessLess:            50
+PenaltyExcessCharacter:               4
+PointerAlignment:                     Right
+SortIncludes:                         true
+SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword:            false
+SpaceBeforeCpp11BracedList:           false
+SpaceBeforeParens:                    Custom
+SpaceBeforeParensOptions:
+  AfterControlStatements:             true
+  AfterIfMacros:                      false
+SpaceInEmptyBlock:                    false
+Standard:                             Latest
+TabWidth:                             2
+UseTab:                               Never

.decent_ci-Linux.yaml

@@ -1,30 +1,53 @@
 compilers:
   - name: "clang"
-    version: "3.5"
+    version: "3.6"
     skip_packaging: true
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON
+    collect_performance_results: true
   - name: "clang"
     build_tag: "LibC++"
-    version: "3.5"
+    version: "3.6"
     skip_packaging: true
     cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
   - name: "clang"
     build_tag: AddressSanitizer
     version: "3.6"
     skip_packaging: true
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DRUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
   - name: "clang"
     build_tag: ThreadSanitizer
     version: "3.6"
     skip_packaging: true
     cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER:BOOL=ON
-  - name: "gcc"
-    version: "4.8"
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
-  - name: "gcc"
-    version: "4.6"
+  - name: "clang"
+    version: "3.7"
     skip_packaging: true
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=OFF -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON
+    collect_performance_results: true
+  - name: "clang"
+    build_tag: "LibC++"
+    version: "3.7"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DUSE_LIBCXX:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON
+  - name: "gcc"
+    version: "4.9"
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON
+    collect_performance_results: true
+  - name: "gcc"
+    version: "4.9"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    build_tag: "NoThreads"
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON -DMULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED:BOOL=OFF
+    collect_performance_results: true
+  - name: "gcc"
+    version: "5"
+    skip_packaging: true
+    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DRUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS:BOOL=ON
+    collect_performance_results: true
   - name: cppcheck
-    compiler_extra_flags: --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr -Umax  --suppress="*:cmake*" --suppress="*:unittests/catch.hpp" --force
+    compiler_extra_flags: --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr -Umax  --suppress="*:unittests/catch.hpp" --force --suppress="unusedFunction:*"
+  - name: custom_check
+    commands:
+       - ./contrib/check_for_tabs.rb
+       - ./contrib/check_for_todos.rb
 

.decent_ci-MacOS.yaml

@@ -2,8 +2,4 @@ compilers:
   - name: clang
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA
     build_package_generator: TBZ2
-  - name: clang
-    build_type: Debug
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=$COMMIT_SHA
-    skip_packaging: true
 

.decent_ci-Windows.yaml

@@ -11,10 +11,11 @@ compilers:
     compiler_extra_flags: /analyze
     skip_packaging: true
   - name: Visual Studio
-    version: 12
-    cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
-  - name: Visual Studio
-    version: 12
+    version: 14
+    build_type: Debug
     architecture: Win64
     cmake_extra_flags: -DBUILD_SAMPLES:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_PACKAGE:BOOL=ON -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=ON -DCOMMIT_SHA=%COMMIT_SHA%
+    compiler_extra_flags: /analyze
+    skip_packaging: true
+
 

.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Contributing to ChaiScript
+
+Thank you for contributing!
+
+# Pull Requests
+
+Please follow the existing style in the code you are patching.
+
+ - two space indent
+ - no tabs EVER
+ - match the existing indentation level
+ 
+All ChaiScript commits are run through a large set of builds and analysis on all supported platforms. Those results are posted on the 
+[build dashboard](http://chaiscript.com/ChaiScript-BuildResults/index.html). No PR will be accepted until all tests pass.
+
+The build system has full integration with GitHub and you will be notified automatically if all tests have passed.
+
+# Issues
+
+Please do not post a "chaiscript is too slow", "chaiscript compiles too slowly", or "chaiscript needs more documentation" issue
+without first reading the following notes.
+
+## ChaiScript is Too Slow
+
+We are actively working on constently improving the runtime performance of ChaiScript. With the performance being
+[monitored with each commit](http://chaiscript.com/ChaiScript-BuildResults/performance.html).
+
+If you feel you *must* post an issue about performance, please post a complete example that illustrates the exact case you
+feel should be better optimized.
+
+Any issue request regarding performance without a complete example of the issue experienced will be closed.
+
+## ChaiScript Compiles Too Slowly
+
+This is also something we are actively working on. If you need highly optimized build times, please see [this discussion
+on the discourse site](http://discourse.chaiscript.com/t/slow-build-times/94).
+
+## ChaiScript Needs More Documentation
+
+If you have a question that is not addressed in the [cheatsheet](https://github.com/ChaiScript/ChaiScript/blob/develop/cheatsheet.md) 
+please open an issue so we can get the Cheatsheet updated.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+ * Compiler Used:
+ * Operating System:
+ * Architecture (ARM/x86/32bit/64bit/etc): 
+ 
+
+### Expected Behavior 
+
+### Actual Behavior 
+
+### Minimal Example to Reproduce Behavior

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Issue this pull request references: #
+
+Changes proposed in this pull request
+
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ 

.github/workflows/auto-clang-format.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+name: auto-clang-format
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - develop
+      - master
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: DoozyX/clang-format-lint-action@v0.20
+      with:
+        source: '.'
+        exclude: './third_party ./external ./unittests/catch.hpp'
+        extensions: 'h,cpp,hpp'
+        clangFormatVersion: 19
+        inplace: True
+    - uses: EndBug/add-and-commit@v9
+      with:
+        author_name: Clang Robot
+        author_email: robot@example.com
+        message: ':art: Committing clang-format changes'
+      env:
+        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [develop, main]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [develop, main]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  linux:
+    name: Linux GCC ${{ matrix.build_type }} threads=${{ matrix.multithread }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        build_type: [Debug, Release]
+        multithread: [ON, OFF]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install Ninja
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y ninja-build
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{ matrix.build_type }} -DMULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED=${{ matrix.multithread }}
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
+
+  macos:
+    name: macOS AppleClang ${{ matrix.build_type }} threads=${{ matrix.multithread }}
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        build_type: [Debug, Release]
+        multithread: [ON, OFF]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install Ninja
+        run: brew install ninja
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{ matrix.build_type }} -DMULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED=${{ matrix.multithread }}
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
+
+  linux-sanitizers:
+    name: Linux GCC ASAN+UBSAN ${{ matrix.build_type }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        build_type: [Debug, Release]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install Ninja
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y ninja-build
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{ matrix.build_type }} -DENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER=ON -DENABLE_UNDEFINED_SANITIZER=ON
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
+
+  macos-sanitizers:
+    name: macOS AppleClang ASAN+UBSAN ${{ matrix.build_type }}
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        build_type: [Debug, Release]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install Ninja
+        run: brew install ninja
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{ matrix.build_type }} -DENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER=ON -DENABLE_UNDEFINED_SANITIZER=ON
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
+
+  windows:
+    name: Windows MSVC ${{ matrix.build_type }} threads=${{ matrix.multithread }}
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        build_type: [Debug, Release]
+        multithread: [ON, OFF]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -B build -DMULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED=${{ matrix.multithread }}
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build --config ${{ matrix.build_type }} -j
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure -C ${{ matrix.build_type }}
+
+  linux-tsan:
+    name: Linux GCC TSAN ${{ matrix.build_type }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        build_type: [Debug, Release]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install Ninja
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y ninja-build
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{ matrix.build_type }} -DENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER=ON -DMULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED=ON
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure
+
+  macos-tsan:
+    name: macOS AppleClang TSAN ${{ matrix.build_type }}
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        build_type: [Debug, Release]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Install Ninja
+        run: brew install ninja
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -B build -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{ matrix.build_type }} -DENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER=ON -DMULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED=ON
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --test-dir build --output-on-failure

.github/workflows/emscripten.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+name: Emscripten
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [develop, main]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [develop, main]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  emscripten:
+    name: Emscripten WebAssembly Build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Emscripten
+        uses: mymindstorm/setup-emsdk@v14
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: emcmake cmake -B build-em -S emscripten -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build build-em -j
+
+      - name: Verify artifacts
+        run: |
+          test -f build-em/chaiscript.js
+          test -f build-em/chaiscript.wasm
+          test -f build-em/chaiscript.html
+          echo "All expected artifacts present"
+          ls -lh build-em/chaiscript.*
+
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: chaiscript-web
+          path: |
+            build-em/chaiscript.js
+            build-em/chaiscript.wasm
+            build-em/chaiscript.html
+          retention-days: 90
+
+  publish:
+    name: Publish WASM Release
+    needs: emscripten
+    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/develop' && github.event_name == 'push'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: chaiscript-web
+          path: artifacts
+
+      - name: Publish to wasm-latest release
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          # Flatten: artifacts may contain build-em/ subdirectory
+          find artifacts -type f \( -name 'chaiscript.js' -o -name 'chaiscript.wasm' -o -name 'chaiscript.html' \) -exec cp {} . \;
+
+          # Delete existing release if present, then recreate
+          gh release delete wasm-latest --repo "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" -y 2>/dev/null || true
+          gh release create wasm-latest \
+            --repo "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" \
+            --title "ChaiScript WASM Build (latest)" \
+            --notes "Auto-published from develop branch. Built with Emscripten for browser use." \
+            --prerelease \
+            chaiscript.js chaiscript.wasm chaiscript.html

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+/buck-out/
+/.buckd/
+/buckaroo/
+.buckconfig.local
+BUCKAROO_DEPS
+/build

.travis.yml

@@ -1,33 +1,71 @@
 language: cpp
-compiler:
-  - gcc
-env:
-  matrix:
-    - GCC_VER="4.6"
-    - GCC_VER="4.8"
 
+
+addons:
+  apt:
+    sources: 
+      - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
+      - llvm-toolchain-trusty-5.0
+      - sourceline: 'deb http://apt.llvm.org/trusty/ llvm-toolchain-trusty-5.0 main'
+        key_url: 'https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key'
+    packages:
+      - g++-7
+      - g++-8
+  coverity_scan:
+    project:
+      name: "ChaiScript/ChaiScript"
+      description: "Build submitted via Travis CI"
+    notification_email: jason@emptycrate.com
+    build_command_prepend: "cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug . "
+    build_command:   "cmake --build . -- -j2"
+    branch_pattern: coverity_scan
+      
+matrix:
+  include:
+    - os: linux
+      sudo: false
+      env: GCC_VER="7"
+      compiler: gcc
+      #    - os: linux
+      #sudo: false
+      #env: GCC_VER="6" CMAKE_OPTIONS="-D DYNLOAD_ENABLED:BOOL=FALSE -D MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED:BOOL=FALSE -D USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED:BOOL=TRUE" BUILD_ONLY=1
+      #compiler: gcc
+    - os: linux
+      sudo: false
+      env: GCC_VER="7" CPPCHECK=1 CMAKE_OPTIONS="-D RUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE"
+      compiler: gcc
+    - os: linux
+      sudo: false
+      env: GCC_VER="8" CPPCHECK=1 COVERAGE=1 CMAKE_OPTIONS="-D RUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE"
+      compiler: gcc
+    #- os: osx
+    #  compiler: clang
+    #  osx_image: xcode10
+    #  env: CLANG_VER="5.0"
+    #- os: osx
+    #  compiler: clang
+    #  osx_image: xcode10
+    #  env: CLANG_VER="5.0" CMAKE_OPTIONS="-D DYNLOAD_ENABLED:BOOL=FALSE -D MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED:BOOL=FALSE -D USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED:BOOL=TRUE" BUILD_ONLY=1
+  
+env:
   global:
     - secure: eiaR6pXiiEpyB8+LLQ1NvZdl0Yylru1BLy9lMoHl+IpUNGGQGywmW/2WAn77rFfmR1OPA2qWQLfgPwgK0HxUA9HHlot9tre5QhiN2Lw8NOT8tCZ6tTm2+QntDBjBGJyal/knRvQkn/6qs6GxlXRerz4ArnnuPL1vESt3zwB0YtU=
     # The next declaration is the encrypted COVERITY_SCAN_TOKEN, created
     - secure: "LfolGjP8tWm3yAwthfu3yp8Zn40aueFae580UUR34gusG87cyglq2tQDtxdy+63gWEeNfArbv9n5rZv+bDW3ggHyPjuCKKc1PlZAy07lfXUXf1uz+SFhNvNoYTn3mQG3VZ08o116p4Le2p8yqu4bylJ8wckEq7PrTwvSGVQWTWM="
 
 before_install:
-  - export CXX="g++-$GCC_VER" CC="gcc-$GCC_VER" GCOV="gcov-$GCC_VER"
-  - if [ "$GCC_VER" = "4.8" ]; then export COVERAGE=1 CPPCHECK=1; fi
-  - if [ ${COVERAGE} = 1 ]; then export FUZZY_CMD="-D RUN_FUZZY_TESTS:BOOL=TRUE"; fi
-  - sudo pip install cpp-coveralls
-  - sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test -y
-  - sudo apt-get update
-  - sudo apt-get install -qq g++-$GCC_VER
+  - if [ "${GCC_VER}" != "" ]; then export CXX="g++-$GCC_VER" CC="gcc-$GCC_VER" GCOV="gcov-$GCC_VER" ; fi
+  #- if [ "${CLANG_VER}" != "" ]; then export CXX="clang++-$CLANG_VER"; fi
+  - pip install --user cpp-coveralls
 
 script: 
-  - if [ ${COVERITY_SCAN_BRANCH} != 1 ]; then cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug $FUZZY_CMD . ; fi
-  - if [ ${COVERITY_SCAN_BRANCH} != 1 ]; then make -j2 ; fi
-  - make test
-  - if [ ${COVERAGE} = 1 ]; then bash <(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/codecov/codecov-bash/master/codecov) -x $GCOV -a "-s `pwd`" ; fi
+  - cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug $CMAKE_OPTIONS . 
+  - cmake --build . -- -j2
+  - if [ "${BUILD_ONLY}" != "1" ]; then ctest; fi
+  - if [ "${COVERAGE}" = "1" ]; then bash <(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/codecov/codecov-bash/master/codecov) -x $GCOV -a "-s `pwd`" ; fi
 
-after_script:
-  - if [ ${CPPCHECK} = 1 ]; then contrib/codeanalysis/runcppcheck.sh ; fi
+#after_script:
+#  - if [ ${CPPCHECK} = 1 ]; then contrib/codeanalysis/runcppcheck.sh ; fi
 
 
 notifications:
@@ -42,15 +80,3 @@ notifications:
     on_success: change  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
     on_failure: always  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
     on_start: false     # default: false
-
-addons:
-  coverity_scan:
-    project:
-      name: "ChaiScript/ChaiScript"
-      description: "Build submitted via Travis CI"
-    notification_email: jason@emptycrate.com
-    build_command_prepend: "cmake -D ENABLE_COVERAGE:BOOL=TRUE -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug . "
-    build_command:   "cmake --build . -- -j2"
-    branch_pattern: coverity_scan
-
-

BUCK

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+prebuilt_cxx_library(
+  name = 'chaiscript',
+  header_only = True,
+  header_namespace = 'chaiscript',
+  exported_headers = subdir_glob([
+    ('include/chaiscript', '**/*.hpp'),
+  ]),
+  visibility = [
+    'PUBLIC',
+  ],
+)

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,25 +1,23 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12)
+cmake_policy(SET CMP0054 NEW)
 
-if(NOT ${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.1")
-  cmake_policy(SET CMP0054 NEW)
-endif()
-
-IF(BIICODE)
-  INIT_BIICODE_BLOCK()
-  ADD_BIICODE_TARGETS()
-ELSE()
-  # Your regular CMakeLists configuration here
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
 
+# required since cmake 3.4 at least for libc++
+set(CMAKE_ENABLE_EXPORTS ON)
 
 project(chaiscript)
 
 option(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED "Multithreaded Support Enabled" TRUE)
+option(DYNLOAD_ENABLED "Dynamic Loading Support Enabled" TRUE)
 
 
 option(BUILD_MODULES "Build Extra Modules (stl)" TRUE)
 option(BUILD_SAMPLES "Build Samples Folder" FALSE)
 option(RUN_FUZZY_TESTS "Run tests generated by AFL" FALSE)
 option(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED "Use std::make_shared instead of chaiscript::make_shared" FALSE)
+option(RUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS "Run Performance Tests" FALSE)
 
 mark_as_advanced(USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED)
 
@@ -36,7 +34,7 @@ if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
   endif()
 endif()
 
-if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
+if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang" OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "AppleClang")
   option(ENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER "Enable thread sanitizer testing in gcc/clang" FALSE)
   if(ENABLE_THREAD_SANITIZER)
     add_definitions(-fsanitize=thread -g)
@@ -47,12 +45,14 @@ if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
   if(ENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER)
     add_definitions(-fsanitize=address -g)
     set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fsanitize=address")
+
+    option(BUILD_LIBFUZZ_TESTER "Build libfuzzer tool" FALSE)
   endif()
 
   option(ENABLE_MEMORY_SANITIZER "Enable memory sanitizer testing in gcc/clang" FALSE)
   if(ENABLE_MEMORY_SANITIZER)
-    add_definitions(-fsanitize=memory -g)
-    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fsanitize=memory")
+    add_definitions(-fsanitize=memory -fsanitize-memory-track-origins -g)
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fsanitize=memory -fsanitize-memory-track-origins ")
   endif()
 
   option(ENABLE_UNDEFINED_SANITIZER "Enable undefined behavior sanitizer testing in gcc/clang" FALSE)
@@ -62,32 +62,41 @@ if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
   endif()
 
   option(ENABLE_LTO "Enable Link Time Optimization" FALSE)
-
-  if (ENABLE_LTO)
-    add_definitions(-flto)
-    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -flto")
+  if(ENABLE_LTO)
+    check_ipo_supported()
+    set(CMAKE_INTERPROCEDURAL_OPTIMIZATION TRUE)
   endif()
 
   option(GPROF_OUTPUT "Generate profile data" FALSE)
-  if (GPROF_OUTPUT)
+  if(GPROF_OUTPUT)
     add_definitions(-pg)
     set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -pg")
   endif()
 
 
   option(PROFILE_GENERATE "Generate profile data" FALSE)
-  if (PROFILE_GENERATE)
+  if(PROFILE_GENERATE)
     add_definitions(-fprofile-generate)
     set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-generate")
   endif()
 
   option(PROFILE_USE "Use profile data" FALSE)
-  if (PROFILE_USE)
+  if(PROFILE_USE)
     add_definitions(-fprofile-use)
     set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-use")
   endif()
 
 
+elseif(MSVC)
+  option(ENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER "Enable address sanitizer testing in MSVC" FALSE)
+  if(ENABLE_ADDRESS_SANITIZER)
+    add_compile_options(/fsanitize=address)
+    # ASAN is incompatible with /RTC (runtime error checks) and incremental linking
+    string(REGEX REPLACE "/RTC[^ ]*" "" CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG}")
+    string(REGEX REPLACE "/RTC[^ ]*" "" CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG}")
+    add_link_options(/INCREMENTAL:NO)
+  endif()
+
 endif()
 
 list(APPEND CPACK_SOURCE_IGNORE_FILES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}")
@@ -100,9 +109,9 @@ set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_LICENSE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/license.txt")
 set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_README "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/readme.md")
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION_FILE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/description.txt")
 
-set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR 5)
-set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR 7)
-set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH 2)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR 7)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR 0)
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH 0)
 
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_EXECUTABLES "chai;ChaiScript Eval")
 set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VENDOR "ChaiScript.com")
@@ -121,17 +130,14 @@ configure_file(Doxyfile.in ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/Doxyfile)
 
 include(CTest)
 include(CPack)
-
-include(cmake/CheckCXX11Features.cmake)
+include(cmake/Catch.cmake)
 
 if(NOT MINGW)
   find_library(READLINE_LIBRARY NAMES readline PATH /usr/lib /usr/local/lib /opt/local/lib)
 endif()
 
-if(HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
-  message(STATUS "Variadic Template support detected")
-else()
-  message(SEND_ERROR "The selected compiler does not support the C++11 feature Variadic Templates.")
+if(UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
+  find_program(VALGRIND NAMES valgrind PATH /usr/bin /usr/local/bin)
 endif()
 
 enable_testing()
@@ -148,27 +154,18 @@ else()
   set(READLINE_FLAG)
 endif()
 
-if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
-  execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} -dumpversion OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCC_VERSION)
-
-  if(GCC_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.8)
-    set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++0x")
-  else()
-    set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++11")
-  endif()
-else()
-  set(CPP11_FLAG "-std=c++11")
-endif()
-
 if(MSVC)
-  add_definitions(/W4)
+  add_definitions(/WX /W4 /w14545 /w34242 /w34254 /w34287 /w44263 /w44265 /w44296 /w44311 /w44826 /we4289 /w14546 /w14547 /w14549 /w14555 /w14619 /w14905 /w14906 /w14928)
 
-  # VS2013 doesn't have magic statics
-  if (MSVC_VERSION STREQUAL "1800")
+  if(MSVC_VERSION STREQUAL "1800")
+    # VS2013 doesn't have magic statics
     add_definitions(/w44640)
+  else()
+    # enum warnings are too noisy on MSVC2013
+    add_definitions(/w34062)
   endif()
 
-  add_definitions(/bigobj)
+  add_definitions(/bigobj /permissive- /utf-8)
   # Note on MSVC compiler flags.
   # The code base selective disables warnings as necessary when the compiler is complaining too much
   # about something that is perfectly valid, or there is simply no technical way around it
@@ -178,10 +175,10 @@ if(MSVC)
   # how to workaround or fix the error. So I'm disabling it globally.
   add_definitions(/wd4503)
 else()
-  add_definitions(-Wall -Wextra -Wshadow -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wold-style-cast -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wunused -Woverloaded-virtual  -pedantic ${CPP11_FLAG})
+  add_definitions(-Werror -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wshadow -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wold-style-cast -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wunused -Woverloaded-virtual -Wno-noexcept-type -Wpedantic -Werror=return-type)
 
-  if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
-    add_definitions(-Weverything -Wno-c++98-compat-pedantic  -Wno-c++98-compat -Wno-documentation -Wno-switch-enum -Wno-weak-vtables -Wno-sign-conversion -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-padded -Wno-missing-noreturn -Wno-exit-time-destructors)
+  if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang" OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "AppleClang")
+    add_definitions(-Weverything -Wno-c++98-compat-pedantic  -Wno-c++98-compat -Wno-documentation -Wno-switch-enum -Wno-weak-vtables -Wno-missing-prototypes -Wno-padded -Wno-missing-noreturn -Wno-exit-time-destructors -Wno-documentation-unknown-command -Wno-unused-template -Wno-undef -Wno-double-promotion -Wno-switch-default -Wno-nrvo -Wno-shadow-uncaptured-local -Wno-unsafe-buffer-usage-in-libc-call -Wno-c++20-extensions -Wno-unknown-warning-option -Wno-poison-system-directories -Wno-c++20-compat -Wno-c++17-compat)
   else()
     add_definitions(-Wnoexcept)
   endif()
@@ -192,16 +189,12 @@ else()
 endif()
 
 if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang")
-  option(USE_LIBCXX "Use clang's libcxx" TRUE)
+  option(USE_LIBCXX "Use clang's libcxx" FALSE)
 
   if(USE_LIBCXX)
     add_definitions(-stdlib=libc++)
-    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} ${CPP11_FLAG} -stdlib=libc++")
-  else()
-    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} ${CPP11_FLAG}")
+    set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} -stdlib=libc++")
   endif()
-elseif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCC)
-  set(LINKER_FLAGS "${LINKER_FLAGS} ${CPP11_FLAG}")
 endif()
 
 # limitations in MinGW require us to make an optimized build
@@ -213,7 +206,7 @@ endif()
 include_directories(include)
 
 
-set(Chai_INCLUDES include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_engine.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_eval.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.chai include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude_docs.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp)
+set(Chai_INCLUDES include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_conversions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_engine.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_eval.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_parser.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.hpp include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude_docs.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/utility.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/json.hpp include/chaiscript/utility/json_wrap.hpp)
 
 set_source_files_properties(${Chai_INCLUDES} PROPERTIES HEADER_FILE_ONLY TRUE)
 
@@ -221,9 +214,15 @@ if(NOT MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)
   add_definitions(-DCHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS)
 endif()
 
+if(NOT DYNLOAD_ENABLED)
+  add_definitions(-DCHAISCRIPT_NO_DYNLOAD)
+endif()
+
 if(CMAKE_HOST_UNIX)
-  if(NOT ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "FreeBSD" AND NOT ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Haiku")
-    list(APPEND LIBS "dl")
+  if(DYNLOAD_ENABLED)
+    if(NOT ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "FreeBSD" AND NOT ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} MATCHES "Haiku")
+      list(APPEND LIBS "dl")
+    endif()
   endif()
 
   if(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)
@@ -249,70 +248,80 @@ set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
 set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
 set(CMAKE_MODULE_LINKER_FLAGS "${CMAKE_MODULE_LINKER_FLAGS} ${LINKER_FLAGS}")
 
+add_library(stdlib STATIC static_libs/chaiscript_stdlib.cpp)
+add_library(parser STATIC static_libs/chaiscript_parser.cpp)
 
-add_library(chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} MODULE src/chaiscript_stdlib.cpp)
+add_library(chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} MODULE src/chaiscript_stdlib_module.cpp)
 target_link_libraries(chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} ${LIBS} ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
 
+set(CHAISCRIPT_LIBS stdlib parser)
+
 add_executable(chai src/main.cpp ${Chai_INCLUDES})
-target_link_libraries(chai ${LIBS})
-add_dependencies(chai chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION})
+target_link_libraries(chai ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
+
+add_library(chaiscript INTERFACE)
+target_include_directories(chaiscript INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
 
 if(BUILD_SAMPLES)
-  add_executable(example samples/example.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(example ${LIBS})
+  add_executable(sanity_checks src/sanity_checks.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(sanity_checks ${LIBS})
   add_executable(test_num_exceptions samples/test_num_exceptions.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(test_num_exceptions ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(test_num_exceptions ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
   add_executable(memory_leak_test samples/memory_leak_test.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(memory_leak_test ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(memory_leak_test ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
   add_executable(inheritance samples/inheritance.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(inheritance ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(inheritance ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
+  add_executable(factory samples/factory.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(factory ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
   add_executable(fun_call_performance samples/fun_call_performance.cpp)
-  target_link_libraries(fun_call_performance ${LIBS})
+  target_link_libraries(fun_call_performance ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
 endif()
 
 
 if(BUILD_MODULES)
+  add_library(test_module MODULE src/test_module.cpp)
+  target_link_libraries(test_module ${LIBS})
+
   add_library(stl_extra MODULE src/stl_extra.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(stl_extra ${LIBS})
 
   set(MODULES stl_extra)
 endif()
 
+
 file(GLOB UNIT_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/*.chai ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/3.x/*.chai)
 list(SORT UNIT_TESTS)
 
+if(NOT MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)
+  list(REMOVE_ITEM UNIT_TESTS
+    async_engine_lifetime.chai
+    async_return_value.chai
+    future.chai
+    list_push_front.chai
+    move_async.chai
+  )
+endif()
 
-if (RUN_FUZZY_TESTS)
+file(GLOB PERFORMANCE_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/performance_tests/ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/performance_tests/*.chai)
+list(SORT PERFORMANCE_TESTS)
+
+
+if(RUN_FUZZY_TESTS)
 
   file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests")
 
   execute_process(
-    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E tar xjf ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests-2015-07-16.tar.bz2
+    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E tar xjf ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests-2017-07-20.tar.bz2
     WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests
     )
 
 
-  file(GLOB FUZZY_CRASH_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests/crashes/id*)
-  list(SORT FUZZY_CRASH_TESTS)
+  file(GLOB FUZZY_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/MINIMIZED/*)
+  list(SORT FUZZY_TESTS)
 
-  file(GLOB FUZZY_EXCEPTION_TESTS RELATIVE ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/ ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests/exceptions/id*)
-  list(SORT FUZZY_EXCEPTION_TESTS)
-
-
-  foreach(filename ${FUZZY_CRASH_TESTS})
+  foreach(filename ${FUZZY_TESTS})
     message(STATUS "Adding test ${filename}")
-    add_test(${filename} chai "-e" ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests/crashes/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
-  endforeach()
-
-  set_property(TEST ${FUZZY_CRASH_TESTS}
-    PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
-    "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/"
-    "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
-    )
-
-  foreach(filename ${FUZZY_EXCEPTION_TESTS})
-    message(STATUS "Adding test ${filename}")
-    add_test(${filename} chai "--exception" ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/fuzzy_tests/exceptions/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
+    add_test(fuzz.${filename} chai "-e" "--exception" "--any-exception" ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/fuzz_unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
   endforeach()
 
   set_property(TEST ${FUZZY_EXCEPTION_TESTS}
@@ -326,37 +335,6 @@ endif()
 
 if(BUILD_TESTING)
 
-  # Add catch tests macro
-  macro(ADD_CATCH_TESTS executable)
-    if (MSVC)
-      file(TO_NATIVE_PATH "${QT_LIBRARY_DIR}" QT_LIB_PATH)
-      set(NEWPATH "${QT_LIB_PATH};$ENV{PATH}")
-    else()
-      set(NEWPATH $ENV{PATH})
-    endif()
-
-    get_target_property(target_files ${executable} SOURCES)
-
-    foreach(source ${target_files})
-      if(NOT "${source}" MATCHES "/moc_.*cxx")
-        string(REGEX MATCH .*cpp source "${source}")
-        if(source)
-          file(READ "${source}" contents)
-          string(REGEX MATCHALL "TEST_CASE\\([ ]*\"[^\"]+\"" found_tests ${contents})
-          foreach(hit ${found_tests})
-            string(REGEX REPLACE "TEST_CASE\\([ ]*(\"[^\"]+\").*" "\\1" test_name ${hit})
-            add_test(${test_name} "${executable}" ${test_name})
-            set_tests_properties(${test_name} PROPERTIES TIMEOUT 660 ENVIRONMENT "PATH=${NEWPATH}")
-          endforeach()
-        endif()
-      endif()
-    endforeach()
-  endmacro()
-
-
-
-
-
   option(UNIT_TEST_LIGHT "Unit tests light (expect module loading failures)" FALSE)
 
   add_test(version_check chai -c  "if(\"\\\${ version() };\\\${version_major()};\\\${version_minor()};\\\${version_patch()}\" != \"${CHAI_VERSION};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR};${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH}\") { exit(-1) }")
@@ -380,37 +358,68 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
   )
 
 
+  set(TESTS "")
+
   foreach(filename ${UNIT_TESTS})
-    message(STATUS "Adding test ${filename}")
-    add_test(${filename} chai ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
+    message(STATUS "Adding unit test ${filename}")
+    add_test(unit.${filename} chai ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/unit_test.inc ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/${filename})
+    list(APPEND TESTS unit.${filename})
   endforeach()
 
-  set_property(TEST ${UNIT_TESTS}
+  if(RUN_PERFORMANCE_TESTS)
+    foreach(filename ${PERFORMANCE_TESTS})
+      message(STATUS "Adding performance test ${filename}")
+
+      add_test(NAME performance.${filename} COMMAND ${VALGRIND} --tool=callgrind --callgrind-out-file=callgrind.performance.${filename} $<TARGET_FILE:chai> ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/performance_tests/${filename})
+      list(APPEND TESTS performance.${filename})
+    endforeach()
+
+    add_executable(profile_cpp_calls_2 performance_tests/profile_cpp_calls_2.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(profile_cpp_calls_2 ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME performance.profile_cpp_calls_2 COMMAND ${VALGRIND} --tool=callgrind --callgrind-out-file=callgrind.performance.profile_cpp_calls_2 $<TARGET_FILE:profile_cpp_calls_2>)
+
+    add_executable(profile_fun_wrappers performance_tests/profile_fun_wrappers.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(profile_fun_wrappers ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME performance.profile_fun_wrappers COMMAND ${VALGRIND} --tool=callgrind --callgrind-out-file=callgrind.performance.profile_fun_wrappers $<TARGET_FILE:profile_fun_wrappers>)
+  endif()
+
+  set_property(TEST ${TESTS}
     PROPERTY ENVIRONMENT
     "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/"
     "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
   )
 
   if(NOT UNIT_TEST_LIGHT)
-    add_executable(compiled_tests unittests/compiled_tests.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(compiled_tests ${LIBS})
-    ADD_CATCH_TESTS(compiled_tests)
+    add_library(catch2 STATIC unittests/catch_amalgamated.cpp)
+    if(NOT MSVC)
+      target_compile_options(catch2 PRIVATE -Wno-conversion -Wno-noexcept -Wno-maybe-uninitialized)
+    endif()
+    if("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang" OR "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "AppleClang")
+      target_compile_options(catch2 PUBLIC -Wno-unknown-warning-option -Wno-covered-switch-default -Wno-disabled-macro-expansion -Wno-unsafe-buffer-usage -Wno-unused-macros)
+    endif()
 
+    add_executable(compiled_tests unittests/compiled_tests.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(compiled_tests catch2 ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
+    catch_discover_tests(compiled_tests TEST_PREFIX "compiled.")
+
+    add_executable(static_chaiscript_test unittests/static_chaiscript.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(static_chaiscript_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME Static_ChaiScript_Test COMMAND static_chaiscript_test)
 
     add_executable(boxed_cast_test unittests/boxed_cast_test.cpp)
     target_link_libraries(boxed_cast_test ${LIBS})
     add_test(NAME Boxed_Cast_Test COMMAND boxed_cast_test)
 
     add_executable(type_info_test unittests/type_info_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(type_info_test ${LIBS})
+    target_link_libraries(type_info_test catch2 ${LIBS})
     add_test(NAME Type_Info_Test COMMAND type_info_test)
 
     add_executable(c_linkage_test unittests/c_linkage_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(c_linkage_test ${LIBS})
+    target_link_libraries(c_linkage_test ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
     add_test(NAME C_Linkage_Test COMMAND c_linkage_test)
 
     add_executable(integer_literal_test unittests/integer_literal_test.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(integer_literal_test ${LIBS})
+    target_link_libraries(integer_literal_test ${LIBS} ${CHAISCRIPT_LIBS})
     add_test(NAME Integer_Literal_Test COMMAND integer_literal_test)
 
     if(MULTITHREAD_SUPPORT_ENABLED)
@@ -422,10 +431,11 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
         "CHAI_USE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests/"
         "CHAI_MODULE_PATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/"
       )
-
+      add_executable(async_engine_lifetime_test unittests/async_engine_lifetime_test.cpp)
+      target_link_libraries(async_engine_lifetime_test ${LIBS})
+      add_test(NAME Async_Engine_Lifetime_Test COMMAND async_engine_lifetime_test)
     endif()
 
-
     add_executable(multifile_test
       unittests/multifile_test_main.cpp
       unittests/multifile_test_chai.cpp
@@ -434,14 +444,31 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
     target_link_libraries(multifile_test ${LIBS})
     add_test(NAME MultiFile_Test COMMAND multifile_test)
 
-    add_library(test_module MODULE src/test_module.cpp)
-    target_link_libraries(test_module ${LIBS})
+    add_executable(emscripten_eval_test unittests/emscripten_eval_test.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(emscripten_eval_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME Emscripten_Eval_Test COMMAND emscripten_eval_test)
 
-    install(TARGETS test_module RUNTIME DESTINATION bin LIBRARY DESTINATION lib/chaiscript)
+    add_executable(emscripten_exception_test unittests/emscripten_exception_test.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(emscripten_exception_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME Emscripten_Exception_Test COMMAND emscripten_exception_test)
+
+    add_executable(threading_config_test unittests/threading_config_test.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(threading_config_test ${LIBS})
+    add_test(NAME Threading_Config_Test COMMAND threading_config_test)
+
+    install(TARGETS test_module RUNTIME DESTINATION bin LIBRARY DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/chaiscript")
   endif()
 endif()
 
-install(TARGETS chai chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} ${MODULES} RUNTIME DESTINATION bin LIBRARY DESTINATION lib/chaiscript)
+
+if(BUILD_LIBFUZZ_TESTER)
+  add_executable(fuzzer src/libfuzzer_client.cpp src/sha3.cpp)
+  target_compile_options(fuzzer PRIVATE "-fsanitize=fuzzer,address")
+  target_link_libraries(fuzzer PRIVATE ${LIBS} "-fsanitize=fuzzer,address")
+endif()
+
+
+install(TARGETS chai chaiscript_stdlib-${CHAI_VERSION} ${MODULES} RUNTIME DESTINATION bin LIBRARY DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/chaiscript")
 
 install(DIRECTORY include/chaiscript DESTINATION include
   PATTERN "*.hpp"
@@ -462,8 +489,6 @@ install(DIRECTORY samples DESTINATION share/chaiscript
 
 configure_file(contrib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc.in lib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc @ONLY)
 install(FILES "${chaiscript_BINARY_DIR}/lib/pkgconfig/chaiscript.pc"
-        DESTINATION lib/pkgconfig)
+        DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/pkgconfig")
 
     
-ENDIF()
-

DesignGoals.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Introduction
+
+This document outlines the principles that drive the development of ChaiScript. ChaiScript does not intent to be the perfect tool for *every* situation, but it does intend to be a good general purpose tool for *most* situations.
+
+# Goals
+
+1. Trivially easy to integrate with C++ projects
+2. 0 external depenencies
+3. "Perfect" integration with C++
+   * Direct mapping between ChaiScript objects and C++ objects
+   * Direct mapping between ChaiScript functions and C++ functions
+   * Direct mapping between ChaiScript exceptions and C++ exceptions
+3. Never surprise the C++ developer
+   * Object lifetimes managed by the stack
+   * Familiar syntax to C++ developers
+4. Perform "well enough" to not get in the way
+
+
+# Alternatives
+
+## Sol2
+
+If you are looking for the fastest performing scripting language and don't mind Lua, you might want to consider [sol2](https://github.com/ThePhD/sol2).
+
+## SWIG
+
+If you are looking for the most flexible solution to be able to support multiple target languages, consider [SWIG](http://swig.org)
+

LICENSE

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-Copyright 2009-2015 Jason Turner
-Copyright 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner. 
+BSD-3-Clause License
+
+Copyright 2009-2018 Jason Turner
+Copyright 2009-2012 Jonathan Turner.
 
 All Rights Reserved.
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

buckaroo.json

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "name": "ChaiScript"
+}

cmake/Catch.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+# Distributed under the OSI-approved BSD 3-Clause License.  See accompanying
+# file Copyright.txt or https://cmake.org/licensing for details.
+
+#[=======================================================================[.rst:
+Catch
+-----
+
+This module defines a function to help use the Catch test framework.
+
+The :command:`catch_discover_tests` discovers tests by asking the compiled test
+executable to enumerate its tests.  This does not require CMake to be re-run
+when tests change.  However, it may not work in a cross-compiling environment,
+and setting test properties is less convenient.
+
+This command is intended to replace use of :command:`add_test` to register
+tests, and will create a separate CTest test for each Catch test case.  Note
+that this is in some cases less efficient, as common set-up and tear-down logic
+cannot be shared by multiple test cases executing in the same instance.
+However, it provides more fine-grained pass/fail information to CTest, which is
+usually considered as more beneficial.  By default, the CTest test name is the
+same as the Catch name; see also ``TEST_PREFIX`` and ``TEST_SUFFIX``.
+
+.. command:: catch_discover_tests
+
+  Automatically add tests with CTest by querying the compiled test executable
+  for available tests::
+
+    catch_discover_tests(target
+                         [TEST_SPEC arg1...]
+                         [EXTRA_ARGS arg1...]
+                         [WORKING_DIRECTORY dir]
+                         [TEST_PREFIX prefix]
+                         [TEST_SUFFIX suffix]
+                         [PROPERTIES name1 value1...]
+                         [TEST_LIST var]
+                         [REPORTER reporter]
+                         [OUTPUT_DIR dir]
+                         [OUTPUT_PREFIX prefix]
+                         [OUTPUT_SUFFIX suffix]
+                         [DISCOVERY_MODE <POST_BUILD|PRE_TEST>]
+                         [SKIP_IS_FAILURE]
+                         [ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS]
+    )
+
+  ``catch_discover_tests`` sets up a post-build command on the test executable
+  that generates the list of tests by parsing the output from running the test
+  with the ``--list-test-names-only`` argument.  This ensures that the full
+  list of tests is obtained.  Since test discovery occurs at build time, it is
+  not necessary to re-run CMake when the list of tests changes.
+  However, it requires that :prop_tgt:`CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR` is properly set
+  in order to function in a cross-compiling environment.
+
+  Additionally, setting properties on tests is somewhat less convenient, since
+  the tests are not available at CMake time.  Additional test properties may be
+  assigned to the set of tests as a whole using the ``PROPERTIES`` option.  If
+  more fine-grained test control is needed, custom content may be provided
+  through an external CTest script using the :prop_dir:`TEST_INCLUDE_FILES`
+  directory property.  The set of discovered tests is made accessible to such a
+  script via the ``<target>_TESTS`` variable.
+
+  The options are:
+
+  ``target``
+    Specifies the Catch executable, which must be a known CMake executable
+    target.  CMake will substitute the location of the built executable when
+    running the test.
+
+  ``TEST_SPEC arg1...``
+    Specifies test cases, wildcarded test cases, tags and tag expressions to
+    pass to the Catch executable with the ``--list-test-names-only`` argument.
+
+  ``EXTRA_ARGS arg1...``
+    Any extra arguments to pass on the command line to each test case.
+
+  ``WORKING_DIRECTORY dir``
+    Specifies the directory in which to run the discovered test cases.  If this
+    option is not provided, the current binary directory is used.
+
+  ``TEST_PREFIX prefix``
+    Specifies a ``prefix`` to be prepended to the name of each discovered test
+    case.  This can be useful when the same test executable is being used in
+    multiple calls to ``catch_discover_tests()`` but with different
+    ``TEST_SPEC`` or ``EXTRA_ARGS``.
+
+  ``TEST_SUFFIX suffix``
+    Similar to ``TEST_PREFIX`` except the ``suffix`` is appended to the name of
+    every discovered test case.  Both ``TEST_PREFIX`` and ``TEST_SUFFIX`` may
+    be specified.
+
+  ``PROPERTIES name1 value1...``
+    Specifies additional properties to be set on all tests discovered by this
+    invocation of ``catch_discover_tests``.
+
+  ``TEST_LIST var``
+    Make the list of tests available in the variable ``var``, rather than the
+    default ``<target>_TESTS``.  This can be useful when the same test
+    executable is being used in multiple calls to ``catch_discover_tests()``.
+    Note that this variable is only available in CTest.
+
+  ``REPORTER reporter``
+    Use the specified reporter when running the test case. The reporter will
+    be passed to the Catch executable as ``--reporter reporter``.
+
+  ``OUTPUT_DIR dir``
+    If specified, the parameter is passed along as
+    ``--out dir/<test_name>`` to Catch executable. The actual file name is the
+    same as the test name. This should be used instead of
+    ``EXTRA_ARGS --out foo`` to avoid race conditions writing the result output
+    when using parallel test execution.
+
+  ``OUTPUT_PREFIX prefix``
+    May be used in conjunction with ``OUTPUT_DIR``.
+    If specified, ``prefix`` is added to each output file name, like so
+    ``--out dir/prefix<test_name>``.
+
+  ``OUTPUT_SUFFIX suffix``
+    May be used in conjunction with ``OUTPUT_DIR``.
+    If specified, ``suffix`` is added to each output file name, like so
+    ``--out dir/<test_name>suffix``. This can be used to add a file extension to
+    the output e.g. ".xml".
+
+  ``DL_PATHS path...``
+    Specifies paths that need to be set for the dynamic linker to find shared
+    libraries/DLLs when running the test executable (PATH/LD_LIBRARY_PATH respectively).
+    These paths will both be set when retrieving the list of test cases from the
+    test executable and when the tests are executed themselves. This requires
+    cmake/ctest >= 3.22.
+
+  ``DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS path...``
+    Specifies paths that need to be set for the dynamic linker to find libraries
+    packaged as frameworks on Apple platforms when running the test executable
+    (DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH). These paths will both be set when retrieving the list
+    of test cases from the test executable and when the tests are executed themselves.
+    This requires cmake/ctest >= 3.22.
+
+  ``DISCOVERY_MODE mode``
+    Provides control over when ``catch_discover_tests`` performs test discovery.
+    By default, ``POST_BUILD`` sets up a post-build command to perform test discovery
+    at build time. In certain scenarios, like cross-compiling, this ``POST_BUILD``
+    behavior is not desirable. By contrast, ``PRE_TEST`` delays test discovery until
+    just prior to test execution. This way test discovery occurs in the target environment
+    where the test has a better chance at finding appropriate runtime dependencies.
+
+    ``DISCOVERY_MODE`` defaults to the value of the
+    ``CMAKE_CATCH_DISCOVER_TESTS_DISCOVERY_MODE`` variable if it is not passed when
+    calling ``catch_discover_tests``. This provides a mechanism for globally selecting
+    a preferred test discovery behavior without having to modify each call site.
+
+  ``SKIP_IS_FAILURE``
+    Disables skipped test detection.
+
+  ``ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS``
+    Adds all test tags as CTest labels.
+
+#]=======================================================================]
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+function(catch_discover_tests TARGET)
+
+  cmake_parse_arguments(
+    ""
+    "SKIP_IS_FAILURE;ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS"
+    "TEST_PREFIX;TEST_SUFFIX;WORKING_DIRECTORY;TEST_LIST;REPORTER;OUTPUT_DIR;OUTPUT_PREFIX;OUTPUT_SUFFIX;DISCOVERY_MODE"
+    "TEST_SPEC;EXTRA_ARGS;PROPERTIES;DL_PATHS;DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS"
+    ${ARGN}
+  )
+
+  if(${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.19")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "This script requires JSON support from CMake version 3.19 or greater.")
+  endif()
+
+  if(NOT _WORKING_DIRECTORY)
+    set(_WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}")
+  endif()
+  if(NOT _TEST_LIST)
+    set(_TEST_LIST ${TARGET}_TESTS)
+  endif()
+  if(_DL_PATHS AND ${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.22.0")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "The DL_PATHS option requires at least cmake 3.22")
+  endif()
+  if(_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS AND ${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.22.0")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "The DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS option requires at least cmake 3.22")
+  endif()
+  if(NOT _DISCOVERY_MODE)
+    if(NOT CMAKE_CATCH_DISCOVER_TESTS_DISCOVERY_MODE)
+      set(CMAKE_CATCH_DISCOVER_TESTS_DISCOVERY_MODE "POST_BUILD")
+    endif()
+    set(_DISCOVERY_MODE ${CMAKE_CATCH_DISCOVER_TESTS_DISCOVERY_MODE})
+  endif()
+  if(NOT _DISCOVERY_MODE MATCHES "^(POST_BUILD|PRE_TEST)$")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Unknown DISCOVERY_MODE: ${_DISCOVERY_MODE}")
+  endif()
+
+  ## Generate a unique name based on the extra arguments
+  string(SHA1 args_hash "${_TEST_SPEC} ${_EXTRA_ARGS} ${_REPORTER} ${_OUTPUT_DIR} ${_OUTPUT_PREFIX} ${_OUTPUT_SUFFIX}")
+  string(SUBSTRING ${args_hash} 0 7 args_hash)
+
+  # Define rule to generate test list for aforementioned test executable
+  set(ctest_file_base "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${TARGET}-${args_hash}")
+  set(ctest_include_file "${ctest_file_base}_include.cmake")
+  set(ctest_tests_file "${ctest_file_base}_tests.cmake")
+
+  get_property(crosscompiling_emulator
+    TARGET ${TARGET}
+    PROPERTY CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR
+  )
+  if(NOT _SKIP_IS_FAILURE)
+    set(_PROPERTIES ${_PROPERTIES} SKIP_RETURN_CODE 4)
+  endif()
+
+  if(_DISCOVERY_MODE STREQUAL "POST_BUILD")
+    add_custom_command(
+      TARGET ${TARGET} POST_BUILD
+      BYPRODUCTS "${ctest_tests_file}"
+      COMMAND "${CMAKE_COMMAND}"
+              -D "TEST_TARGET=${TARGET}"
+              -D "TEST_EXECUTABLE=$<TARGET_FILE:${TARGET}>"
+              -D "TEST_EXECUTOR=${crosscompiling_emulator}"
+              -D "TEST_WORKING_DIR=${_WORKING_DIRECTORY}"
+              -D "TEST_SPEC=${_TEST_SPEC}"
+              -D "TEST_EXTRA_ARGS=${_EXTRA_ARGS}"
+              -D "TEST_PROPERTIES=${_PROPERTIES}"
+              -D "TEST_PREFIX=${_TEST_PREFIX}"
+              -D "TEST_SUFFIX=${_TEST_SUFFIX}"
+              -D "TEST_LIST=${_TEST_LIST}"
+              -D "TEST_REPORTER=${_REPORTER}"
+              -D "TEST_OUTPUT_DIR=${_OUTPUT_DIR}"
+              -D "TEST_OUTPUT_PREFIX=${_OUTPUT_PREFIX}"
+              -D "TEST_OUTPUT_SUFFIX=${_OUTPUT_SUFFIX}"
+              -D "TEST_DL_PATHS=${_DL_PATHS}"
+              -D "TEST_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS=${_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS}"
+              -D "CTEST_FILE=${ctest_tests_file}"
+              -D "ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS=${_ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS}"
+              -P "${_CATCH_DISCOVER_TESTS_SCRIPT}"
+      VERBATIM
+    )
+
+    file(WRITE "${ctest_include_file}"
+      "if(EXISTS \"${ctest_tests_file}\")\n"
+      "  include(\"${ctest_tests_file}\")\n"
+      "else()\n"
+      "  add_test(${TARGET}_NOT_BUILT-${args_hash} ${TARGET}_NOT_BUILT-${args_hash})\n"
+      "endif()\n"
+    )
+
+  elseif(_DISCOVERY_MODE STREQUAL "PRE_TEST")
+
+    get_property(GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG GLOBAL
+        PROPERTY GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG
+    )
+
+    if(GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG)
+      set(ctest_tests_file "${ctest_file_base}_tests-$<CONFIG>.cmake")
+    endif()
+
+    string(CONCAT ctest_include_content
+      "if(EXISTS \"$<TARGET_FILE:${TARGET}>\")"                                    "\n"
+      "  if(NOT EXISTS \"${ctest_tests_file}\" OR"                                 "\n"
+      "     NOT \"${ctest_tests_file}\" IS_NEWER_THAN \"$<TARGET_FILE:${TARGET}>\" OR\n"
+      "     NOT \"${ctest_tests_file}\" IS_NEWER_THAN \"\${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_FILE}\")\n"
+      "    include(\"${_CATCH_DISCOVER_TESTS_SCRIPT}\")"                           "\n"
+      "    catch_discover_tests_impl("                                             "\n"
+      "      TEST_EXECUTABLE"        " [==[" "$<TARGET_FILE:${TARGET}>"   "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_EXECUTOR"          " [==[" "${crosscompiling_emulator}" "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_WORKING_DIR"       " [==[" "${_WORKING_DIRECTORY}"      "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_SPEC"              " [==[" "${_TEST_SPEC}"              "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_EXTRA_ARGS"        " [==[" "${_EXTRA_ARGS}"             "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_PROPERTIES"        " [==[" "${_PROPERTIES}"             "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_PREFIX"            " [==[" "${_TEST_PREFIX}"            "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_SUFFIX"            " [==[" "${_TEST_SUFFIX}"            "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_LIST"              " [==[" "${_TEST_LIST}"              "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_REPORTER"          " [==[" "${_REPORTER}"               "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_OUTPUT_DIR"        " [==[" "${_OUTPUT_DIR}"             "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_OUTPUT_PREFIX"     " [==[" "${_OUTPUT_PREFIX}"          "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_OUTPUT_SUFFIX"     " [==[" "${_OUTPUT_SUFFIX}"          "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      CTEST_FILE"             " [==[" "${ctest_tests_file}"        "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_DL_PATHS"          " [==[" "${_DL_PATHS}"               "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      TEST_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS" " [==[" "${_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS}"     "]==]"   "\n"
+      "      ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS"     " [==[" "${_ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS}"     "]==]"   "\n"
+      "    )"                                                                      "\n"
+      "  endif()"                                                                  "\n"
+      "  include(\"${ctest_tests_file}\")"                                         "\n"
+      "else()"                                                                     "\n"
+      "  add_test(${TARGET}_NOT_BUILT ${TARGET}_NOT_BUILT)"                        "\n"
+      "endif()"                                                                    "\n"
+    )
+
+    if(GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG)
+      foreach(_config ${CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES})
+        file(GENERATE OUTPUT "${ctest_file_base}_include-${_config}.cmake" CONTENT "${ctest_include_content}" CONDITION $<CONFIG:${_config}>)
+      endforeach()
+      string(CONCAT ctest_include_multi_content
+        "if(NOT CTEST_CONFIGURATION_TYPE)"                                              "\n"
+        "  message(\"No configuration for testing specified, use '-C <cfg>'.\")"        "\n"
+        "else()"                                                                        "\n"
+        "  include(\"${ctest_file_base}_include-\${CTEST_CONFIGURATION_TYPE}.cmake\")"  "\n"
+        "endif()"                                                                       "\n"
+      )
+      file(GENERATE OUTPUT "${ctest_include_file}" CONTENT "${ctest_include_multi_content}")
+    else()
+      file(GENERATE OUTPUT "${ctest_file_base}_include.cmake" CONTENT "${ctest_include_content}")
+      file(WRITE "${ctest_include_file}" "include(\"${ctest_file_base}_include.cmake\")")
+    endif()
+  endif()
+
+  # Add discovered tests to directory TEST_INCLUDE_FILES
+  set_property(DIRECTORY
+    APPEND PROPERTY TEST_INCLUDE_FILES "${ctest_include_file}"
+  )
+
+endfunction()
+
+###############################################################################
+
+set(_CATCH_DISCOVER_TESTS_SCRIPT
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/CatchAddTests.cmake
+  CACHE INTERNAL "Catch2 full path to CatchAddTests.cmake helper file"
+)

cmake/CatchAddTests.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+# Distributed under the OSI-approved BSD 3-Clause License.  See accompanying
+# file Copyright.txt or https://cmake.org/licensing for details.
+
+function(add_command NAME)
+  set(_args "")
+  # use ARGV* instead of ARGN, because ARGN splits arrays into multiple arguments
+  math(EXPR _last_arg ${ARGC}-1)
+  foreach(_n RANGE 1 ${_last_arg})
+    set(_arg "${ARGV${_n}}")
+    if(_arg MATCHES "[^-./:a-zA-Z0-9_]")
+      set(_args "${_args} [==[${_arg}]==]") # form a bracket_argument
+    else()
+      set(_args "${_args} ${_arg}")
+    endif()
+  endforeach()
+  set(script "${script}${NAME}(${_args})\n" PARENT_SCOPE)
+endfunction()
+
+function(catch_discover_tests_impl)
+
+  cmake_parse_arguments(
+    ""
+    ""
+    "TEST_EXECUTABLE;TEST_WORKING_DIR;TEST_OUTPUT_DIR;TEST_OUTPUT_PREFIX;TEST_OUTPUT_SUFFIX;TEST_PREFIX;TEST_REPORTER;TEST_SPEC;TEST_SUFFIX;TEST_LIST;CTEST_FILE"
+    "TEST_EXTRA_ARGS;TEST_PROPERTIES;TEST_EXECUTOR;TEST_DL_PATHS;TEST_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS;ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS"
+    ${ARGN}
+  )
+
+  set(add_tags "${_ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS}")
+  set(prefix "${_TEST_PREFIX}")
+  set(suffix "${_TEST_SUFFIX}")
+  set(spec ${_TEST_SPEC})
+  set(extra_args ${_TEST_EXTRA_ARGS})
+  set(properties ${_TEST_PROPERTIES})
+  set(reporter ${_TEST_REPORTER})
+  set(output_dir ${_TEST_OUTPUT_DIR})
+  set(output_prefix ${_TEST_OUTPUT_PREFIX})
+  set(output_suffix ${_TEST_OUTPUT_SUFFIX})
+  set(dl_paths ${_TEST_DL_PATHS})
+  set(dl_framework_paths ${_TEST_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS})
+  set(environment_modifications "")
+  set(script)
+  set(suite)
+  set(tests)
+
+  if(WIN32)
+    set(dl_paths_variable_name PATH)
+  elseif(APPLE)
+    set(dl_paths_variable_name DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH)
+  else()
+    set(dl_paths_variable_name LD_LIBRARY_PATH)
+  endif()
+
+  # Run test executable to get list of available tests
+  if(NOT EXISTS "${_TEST_EXECUTABLE}")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR
+      "Specified test executable '${_TEST_EXECUTABLE}' does not exist"
+    )
+  endif()
+
+  if(dl_paths)
+    cmake_path(CONVERT "$ENV{${dl_paths_variable_name}}" TO_NATIVE_PATH_LIST env_dl_paths)
+    list(PREPEND env_dl_paths "${dl_paths}")
+    cmake_path(CONVERT "${env_dl_paths}" TO_NATIVE_PATH_LIST paths)
+    set(ENV{${dl_paths_variable_name}} "${paths}")
+  endif()
+
+  if(APPLE AND dl_framework_paths)
+    cmake_path(CONVERT "$ENV{DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH}" TO_NATIVE_PATH_LIST env_dl_framework_paths)
+    list(PREPEND env_dl_framework_paths "${dl_framework_paths}")
+    cmake_path(CONVERT "${env_dl_framework_paths}" TO_NATIVE_PATH_LIST paths)
+    set(ENV{DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH} "${paths}")
+  endif()
+
+  execute_process(
+    COMMAND ${_TEST_EXECUTOR} "${_TEST_EXECUTABLE}" ${spec} --list-tests --reporter json
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE listing_output
+    RESULT_VARIABLE result
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY "${_TEST_WORKING_DIR}"
+  )
+  if(NOT ${result} EQUAL 0)
+    message(FATAL_ERROR
+      "Error listing tests from executable '${_TEST_EXECUTABLE}':\n"
+      "  Result: ${result}\n"
+      "  Output: ${listing_output}\n"
+    )
+  endif()
+
+  # Prepare reporter
+  if(reporter)
+    set(reporter_arg "--reporter ${reporter}")
+
+    # Run test executable to check whether reporter is available
+    # note that the use of --list-reporters is not the important part,
+    # we only want to check whether the execution succeeds with ${reporter_arg}
+    execute_process(
+      COMMAND ${_TEST_EXECUTOR} "${_TEST_EXECUTABLE}" ${spec} ${reporter_arg} --list-reporters
+      OUTPUT_VARIABLE reporter_check_output
+      RESULT_VARIABLE reporter_check_result
+      WORKING_DIRECTORY "${_TEST_WORKING_DIR}"
+    )
+    if(${reporter_check_result} EQUAL 255)
+      message(FATAL_ERROR
+        "\"${reporter}\" is not a valid reporter!\n"
+      )
+    elseif(NOT ${reporter_check_result} EQUAL 0)
+      message(FATAL_ERROR
+        "Error checking for reporter in test executable '${_TEST_EXECUTABLE}':\n"
+        "  Result: ${reporter_check_result}\n"
+        "  Output: ${reporter_check_output}\n"
+      )
+    endif()
+  endif()
+
+  # Prepare output dir
+  if(output_dir AND NOT IS_ABSOLUTE ${output_dir})
+    set(output_dir "${_TEST_WORKING_DIR}/${output_dir}")
+    if(NOT EXISTS ${output_dir})
+      file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${output_dir})
+    endif()
+  endif()
+
+  if(dl_paths)
+    foreach(path ${dl_paths})
+      cmake_path(NATIVE_PATH path native_path)
+      list(PREPEND environment_modifications "${dl_paths_variable_name}=path_list_prepend:${native_path}")
+    endforeach()
+  endif()
+
+  if(APPLE AND dl_framework_paths)
+    foreach(path ${dl_framework_paths})
+      cmake_path(NATIVE_PATH path native_path)
+      list(PREPEND environment_modifications "DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH=path_list_prepend:${native_path}")
+    endforeach()
+  endif()
+
+  # Parse JSON output for list of tests/class names/tags
+  string(JSON version GET "${listing_output}" "version")
+  if(NOT version STREQUAL "1")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported catch output version: '${version}'")
+  endif()
+
+  # Speed-up reparsing by cutting away unneeded parts of JSON.
+  string(JSON test_listing GET "${listing_output}" "listings" "tests")
+  string(JSON num_tests LENGTH "${test_listing}")
+
+  # Exit early if no tests are detected
+  if(num_tests STREQUAL "0")
+    file(WRITE "${_CTEST_FILE}" "")
+    return()
+  endif()
+
+  # CMake's foreach-RANGE is inclusive, so we have to subtract 1
+  math(EXPR num_tests "${num_tests} - 1")
+
+  foreach(idx RANGE ${num_tests})
+    string(JSON single_test GET ${test_listing} ${idx})
+    string(JSON test_tags GET "${single_test}" "tags")
+    string(JSON plain_name GET "${single_test}" "name")
+
+    # Escape characters in test case names that would be parsed by Catch2
+    # Note that the \ escaping must happen FIRST! Do not change the order.
+    set(escaped_name "${plain_name}")
+    foreach(char \\ , [ ] ;)
+      string(REPLACE ${char} "\\${char}" escaped_name "${escaped_name}")
+    endforeach(char)
+    # ...add output dir
+    if(output_dir)
+      string(REGEX REPLACE "[^A-Za-z0-9_]" "_" escaped_name_clean "${escaped_name}")
+      set(output_dir_arg "--out ${output_dir}/${output_prefix}${escaped_name_clean}${output_suffix}")
+    endif()
+
+    # ...and add to script
+    add_command(add_test
+      "${prefix}${plain_name}${suffix}"
+      ${_TEST_EXECUTOR}
+      "${_TEST_EXECUTABLE}"
+      "${escaped_name}"
+      ${extra_args}
+      "${reporter_arg}"
+      "${output_dir_arg}"
+    )
+    add_command(set_tests_properties
+      "${prefix}${plain_name}${suffix}"
+      PROPERTIES
+      WORKING_DIRECTORY "${_TEST_WORKING_DIR}"
+      ${properties}
+    )
+
+    if(add_tags)
+      string(JSON num_tags LENGTH "${test_tags}")
+      math(EXPR num_tags "${num_tags} - 1")
+      set(tag_list "")
+      if(num_tags GREATER_EQUAL "0")
+        foreach(tag_idx RANGE ${num_tags})
+          string(JSON a_tag GET "${test_tags}" "${tag_idx}")
+          # Catch2's tags can contain semicolons, which are list element separators
+          # in CMake, so we have to escape them. Ideally we could use the [=[...]=]
+          # syntax for this, but CTest currently keeps the square quotes in the label
+          # name. So we add 2 backslashes to escape it instead.
+          # **IMPORTANT**: The number of backslashes depends on how many layers
+          #                of CMake the tag goes. If this script is changed, the
+          #                number of backslashes to escape may change as well.
+          string(REPLACE ";" "\\;" a_tag "${a_tag}")
+          list(APPEND tag_list "${a_tag}")
+        endforeach()
+
+        add_command(set_tests_properties
+          "${prefix}${plain_name}${suffix}"
+          PROPERTIES
+          LABELS "${tag_list}"
+        )
+      endif()
+    endif(add_tags)
+
+    if(environment_modifications)
+      add_command(set_tests_properties
+        "${prefix}${plain_name}${suffix}"
+        PROPERTIES
+        ENVIRONMENT_MODIFICATION "${environment_modifications}")
+    endif()
+
+    list(APPEND tests "${prefix}${plain_name}${suffix}")
+  endforeach()
+
+  # Create a list of all discovered tests, which users may use to e.g. set
+  # properties on the tests
+  add_command(set ${_TEST_LIST} ${tests})
+
+  # Write CTest script
+  file(WRITE "${_CTEST_FILE}" "${script}")
+endfunction()
+
+if(CMAKE_SCRIPT_MODE_FILE)
+  catch_discover_tests_impl(
+    TEST_EXECUTABLE ${TEST_EXECUTABLE}
+    TEST_EXECUTOR ${TEST_EXECUTOR}
+    TEST_WORKING_DIR ${TEST_WORKING_DIR}
+    TEST_SPEC ${TEST_SPEC}
+    TEST_EXTRA_ARGS ${TEST_EXTRA_ARGS}
+    TEST_PROPERTIES ${TEST_PROPERTIES}
+    TEST_PREFIX ${TEST_PREFIX}
+    TEST_SUFFIX ${TEST_SUFFIX}
+    TEST_LIST ${TEST_LIST}
+    TEST_REPORTER ${TEST_REPORTER}
+    TEST_OUTPUT_DIR ${TEST_OUTPUT_DIR}
+    TEST_OUTPUT_PREFIX ${TEST_OUTPUT_PREFIX}
+    TEST_OUTPUT_SUFFIX ${TEST_OUTPUT_SUFFIX}
+    TEST_DL_PATHS ${TEST_DL_PATHS}
+    TEST_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS ${TEST_DL_FRAMEWORK_PATHS}
+    CTEST_FILE ${CTEST_FILE}
+    ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS ${ADD_TAGS_AS_LABELS}
+  )
+endif()

cmake/CatchShardTests.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+
+#              Copyright Catch2 Authors
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+#   (See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#        https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSL-1.0
+
+# Supported optional args:
+#  * SHARD_COUNT - number of shards to split target's tests into
+#  * REPORTER    - reporter spec to use for tests
+#  * TEST_SPEC   - test spec used for filtering tests
+function(catch_add_sharded_tests TARGET)
+  if(${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.10.0")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "add_sharded_catch_tests only supports CMake versions 3.10.0 and up")
+  endif()
+
+  cmake_parse_arguments(
+    ""
+    ""
+    "SHARD_COUNT;REPORTER;TEST_SPEC"
+    ""
+    ${ARGN}
+  )
+  
+  if(NOT DEFINED _SHARD_COUNT)
+    set(_SHARD_COUNT 2)
+  endif()
+
+  # Generate a unique name based on the extra arguments
+  string(SHA1 args_hash "${_TEST_SPEC} ${_EXTRA_ARGS} ${_REPORTER} ${_OUTPUT_DIR} ${_OUTPUT_PREFIX} ${_OUTPUT_SUFFIX} ${_SHARD_COUNT}")
+  string(SUBSTRING ${args_hash} 0 7 args_hash)
+
+  set(ctest_include_file "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${TARGET}-sharded-tests-include-${args_hash}.cmake")
+  set(ctest_tests_file "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${TARGET}-sharded-tests-impl-${args_hash}.cmake")
+
+  file(WRITE "${ctest_include_file}"
+    "if(EXISTS \"${ctest_tests_file}\")\n"
+    "  include(\"${ctest_tests_file}\")\n"
+    "else()\n"
+    "  add_test(${TARGET}_NOT_BUILT-${args_hash} ${TARGET}_NOT_BUILT-${args_hash})\n"
+    "endif()\n"
+  )
+
+  set_property(DIRECTORY
+    APPEND PROPERTY TEST_INCLUDE_FILES "${ctest_include_file}"
+  )
+
+  set(shard_impl_script_file "${_CATCH_DISCOVER_SHARD_TESTS_IMPL_SCRIPT}")
+
+  add_custom_command(
+    TARGET ${TARGET} POST_BUILD
+    BYPRODUCTS "${ctest_tests_file}"
+    COMMAND "${CMAKE_COMMAND}"
+            -D "TARGET_NAME=${TARGET}"
+            -D "TEST_BINARY=$<TARGET_FILE:${TARGET}>"
+            -D "CTEST_FILE=${ctest_tests_file}"
+            -D "SHARD_COUNT=${_SHARD_COUNT}"
+            -D "REPORTER_SPEC=${_REPORTER}"
+            -D "TEST_SPEC=${_TEST_SPEC}"
+            -P "${shard_impl_script_file}"
+    VERBATIM
+  )
+endfunction()
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+set(_CATCH_DISCOVER_SHARD_TESTS_IMPL_SCRIPT
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/CatchShardTestsImpl.cmake
+  CACHE INTERNAL "Catch2 full path to CatchShardTestsImpl.cmake helper file"
+)

cmake/CatchShardTestsImpl.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+
+#              Copyright Catch2 Authors
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+#   (See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#        https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSL-1.0
+
+# Indirection for CatchShardTests that allows us to delay the script
+# file generation until build time.
+
+# Expected args:
+#  * TEST_BINARY - full path to the test binary to run sharded
+#  * CTEST_FILE  - full path to ctest script file to write to
+#  * TARGET_NAME - name of the target to shard (used for test names)
+#  * SHARD_COUNT - number of shards to split the binary into
+# Optional args:
+#  * REPORTER_SPEC - reporter specs to be passed down to the binary
+#  * TEST_SPEC     - test spec to pass down to the test binary
+
+if(NOT EXISTS "${TEST_BINARY}")
+  message(FATAL_ERROR
+    "Specified test binary '${TEST_BINARY}' does not exist"
+  )
+endif()
+
+set(other_args "")
+if(TEST_SPEC)
+  set(other_args "${other_args} ${TEST_SPEC}")
+endif()
+if(REPORTER_SPEC)
+  set(other_args "${other_args} --reporter ${REPORTER_SPEC}")
+endif()
+
+# foreach RANGE in cmake is inclusive of the end, so we have to adjust it
+math(EXPR adjusted_shard_count "${SHARD_COUNT} - 1")
+
+file(WRITE "${CTEST_FILE}"
+  "string(RANDOM LENGTH 8 ALPHABET \"0123456789abcdef\" rng_seed)\n"
+  "\n"
+  "foreach(shard_idx RANGE ${adjusted_shard_count})\n"
+  "  add_test(${TARGET_NAME}-shard-" [[${shard_idx}]] "/${adjusted_shard_count}\n"
+  "    ${TEST_BINARY}"
+  " --shard-index " [[${shard_idx}]]
+  " --shard-count ${SHARD_COUNT}"
+  " --rng-seed " [[0x${rng_seed}]]
+  " --order rand"
+  "${other_args}"
+  "\n"
+  "  )\n"
+  "endforeach()\n"
+)

cmake/CheckCXX11Features.cmake

@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-# Checks for C++11 features
-#  CXX11_FEATURE_LIST - a list containing all supported features
-#  HAS_CXX11_AUTO               - auto keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR            - nullptr
-#  HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA             - lambdas
-#  HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT      - static_assert()
-#  HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES  - rvalue references
-#  HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE           - decltype keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H          - cstdint header
-#  HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG          - long long signed & unsigned types
-#  HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES - variadic templates
-#  HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR          - constexpr keyword
-#  HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER      - sizeof() non-static members
-#  HAS_CXX11_FUNC               - __func__ preprocessor constant
-#
-# Original script by Rolf Eike Beer
-# Modifications by Andreas Weis
-#
-CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.8.3)
-
-SET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
-IF(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
-	SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++0x")
-endif()
-
-MACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE FEATURE_NAME FEATURE_NUMBER RESULT_VAR)
-	IF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
-		SET(_bindir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cxx11/cxx11_${FEATURE_NAME}")
-
-		IF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME}-N${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\" (N${FEATURE_NUMBER})")
-		ELSE (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-			SET(_SRCFILE_BASE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/c++11-test-${FEATURE_NAME})
-			SET(_LOG_NAME "\"${FEATURE_NAME}\"")
-		ENDIF (${FEATURE_NUMBER})
-		MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
-
-		SET(_SRCFILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}.cpp")
-		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail.cpp")
-		SET(_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE "${_SRCFILE_BASE}_fail_compile.cpp")
-
-		IF (CROSS_COMPILING)
-			try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
-			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-				try_compile(${RESULT_VAR} "${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
-			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-		ELSE (CROSS_COMPILING)
-			try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
-					"${_bindir}" "${_SRCFILE}")
-			IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-			ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-			ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND NOT _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-			IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-				try_run(_RUN_RESULT_VAR _COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
-						"${_bindir}_fail" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL}")
-				IF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-					SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-				ELSE (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-					SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-				ENDIF (_COMPILE_RESULT_VAR AND _RUN_RESULT_VAR)
-			ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL})
-		ENDIF (CROSS_COMPILING)
-		IF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
-			try_compile(_TMP_RESULT "${_bindir}_fail_compile" "${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE}")
-			IF (_TMP_RESULT)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} FALSE)
-			ELSE (_TMP_RESULT)
-				SET(${RESULT_VAR} TRUE)
-			ENDIF (_TMP_RESULT)
-		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR} AND EXISTS ${_SRCFILE_FAIL_COMPILE})
-
-		IF (${RESULT_VAR})
-			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- works")
-			LIST(APPEND CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${RESULT_VAR})
-		ELSE (${RESULT_VAR})
-			MESSAGE(STATUS "Checking C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME} -- not supported")
-		ENDIF (${RESULT_VAR})
-		SET(${RESULT_VAR} ${${RESULT_VAR}} CACHE INTERNAL "C++11 support for ${_LOG_NAME}")
-	ENDIF (NOT DEFINED ${RESULT_VAR})
-ENDMACRO(CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE)
-
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("auto"               2546 HAS_CXX11_AUTO)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("nullptr"            2431 HAS_CXX11_NULLPTR)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("lambda"             2927 HAS_CXX11_LAMBDA)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("static_assert"      1720 HAS_CXX11_STATIC_ASSERT)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("rvalue_references"  2118 HAS_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("decltype"           2343 HAS_CXX11_DECLTYPE)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("cstdint"            ""   HAS_CXX11_CSTDINT_H)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("long_long"          1811 HAS_CXX11_LONG_LONG)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("variadic_templates" 2555 HAS_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("constexpr"          2235 HAS_CXX11_CONSTEXPR)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("sizeof_member"      2253 HAS_CXX11_SIZEOF_MEMBER)
-CXX11_CHECK_FEATURE("__func__"           2340 HAS_CXX11_FUNC)
-
-SET(CXX11_FEATURE_LIST ${CXX11_FEATURE_LIST} CACHE STRING "C++11 feature support list")
-MARK_AS_ADVANCED(FORCE CXX11_FEATURE_LIST)
-
-SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS})
-UNSET(CHECK_CXX11_OLD_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS)
-

cmake/ParseAndAddCatchTests.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+#==================================================================================================#
+#  supported macros                                                                                #
+#    - TEST_CASE,                                                                                  #
+#    - TEMPLATE_TEST_CASE                                                                          #
+#    - SCENARIO,                                                                                   #
+#    - TEST_CASE_METHOD,                                                                           #
+#    - CATCH_TEST_CASE,                                                                            #
+#    - CATCH_TEMPLATE_TEST_CASE                                                                    #
+#    - CATCH_SCENARIO,                                                                             #
+#    - CATCH_TEST_CASE_METHOD.                                                                     #
+#                                                                                                  #
+#  Usage                                                                                           #
+# 1. make sure this module is in the path or add this otherwise:                                   #
+#    set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake.modules/")              #
+# 2. make sure that you've enabled testing option for the project by the call:                     #
+#    enable_testing()                                                                              #
+# 3. add the lines to the script for testing target (sample CMakeLists.txt):                       #
+#        project(testing_target)                                                                   #
+#        set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake.modules/")          #
+#        enable_testing()                                                                          #
+#                                                                                                  #
+#        find_path(CATCH_INCLUDE_DIR "catch.hpp")                                                  #
+#        include_directories(${INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES} ${CATCH_INCLUDE_DIR})                          #
+#                                                                                                  #
+#        file(GLOB SOURCE_FILES "*.cpp")                                                           #
+#        add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SOURCE_FILES})                                           #
+#                                                                                                  #
+#        include(ParseAndAddCatchTests)                                                            #
+#        ParseAndAddCatchTests(${PROJECT_NAME})                                                    #
+#                                                                                                  #
+# The following variables affect the behavior of the script:                                       #
+#                                                                                                  #
+#    PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_VERBOSE (Default OFF)                                                       #
+#    -- enables debug messages                                                                     #
+#    PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_NO_HIDDEN_TESTS (Default OFF)                                               #
+#    -- excludes tests marked with [!hide], [.] or [.foo] tags                                     #
+#    PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_FIXTURE_IN_TEST_NAME (Default ON)                                       #
+#    -- adds fixture class name to the test name                                                   #
+#    PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_TARGET_IN_TEST_NAME (Default ON)                                        #
+#    -- adds cmake target name to the test name                                                    #
+#    PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_TO_CONFIGURE_DEPENDS (Default OFF)                                      #
+#    -- causes CMake to rerun when file with tests changes so that new tests will be discovered    #
+#                                                                                                  #
+# One can also set (locally) the optional variable OptionalCatchTestLauncher to precise the way    #
+# a test should be run. For instance to use test MPI, one can write                                #
+#     set(OptionalCatchTestLauncher ${MPIEXEC} ${MPIEXEC_NUMPROC_FLAG} ${NUMPROC})                 #
+# just before calling this ParseAndAddCatchTests function                                          #
+#                                                                                                  #
+# The AdditionalCatchParameters optional variable can be used to pass extra argument to the test   #
+# command. For example, to include successful tests in the output, one can write                   #
+#     set(AdditionalCatchParameters --success)                                                     #
+#                                                                                                  #
+# After the script, the ParseAndAddCatchTests_TESTS property for the target, and for each source   #
+# file in the target is set, and contains the list of the tests extracted from that target, or     #
+# from that file. This is useful, for example to add further labels or properties to the tests.    #
+#                                                                                                  #
+#==================================================================================================#
+
+if(CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED_VERSION VERSION_LESS 2.8.8)
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "ParseAndAddCatchTests requires CMake 2.8.8 or newer")
+endif()
+
+option(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_VERBOSE "Print Catch to CTest parser debug messages" OFF)
+option(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_NO_HIDDEN_TESTS "Exclude tests with [!hide], [.] or [.foo] tags" OFF)
+option(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_FIXTURE_IN_TEST_NAME "Add fixture class name to the test name" ON)
+option(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_TARGET_IN_TEST_NAME "Add target name to the test name" ON)
+option(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_TO_CONFIGURE_DEPENDS "Add test file to CMAKE_CONFIGURE_DEPENDS property" OFF)
+
+function(ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage)
+  if(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_VERBOSE)
+    message(STATUS "ParseAndAddCatchTests: ${ARGV}")
+  endif()
+endfunction()
+
+# This removes the contents between
+#  - block comments (i.e. /* ... */)
+#  - full line comments (i.e. // ... )
+# contents have been read into '${CppCode}'.
+# !keep partial line comments
+function(ParseAndAddCatchTests_RemoveComments CppCode)
+  string(ASCII 2 CMakeBeginBlockComment)
+  string(ASCII 3 CMakeEndBlockComment)
+  string(REGEX REPLACE "/\\*" "${CMakeBeginBlockComment}" ${CppCode} "${${CppCode}}")
+  string(REGEX REPLACE "\\*/" "${CMakeEndBlockComment}" ${CppCode} "${${CppCode}}")
+  string(REGEX REPLACE "${CMakeBeginBlockComment}[^${CMakeEndBlockComment}]*${CMakeEndBlockComment}" "" ${CppCode} "${${CppCode}}")
+  string(REGEX REPLACE "\n[ \t]*//+[^\n]+" "\n" ${CppCode} "${${CppCode}}")
+
+  set(${CppCode} "${${CppCode}}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+endfunction()
+
+# Worker function
+function(ParseAndAddCatchTests_ParseFile SourceFile TestTarget)
+  # If SourceFile is an object library, do not scan it (as it is not a file). Exit without giving a warning about a missing file.
+  if(SourceFile MATCHES "\\\$<TARGET_OBJECTS:.+>")
+    ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Detected OBJECT library: ${SourceFile} this will not be scanned for tests.")
+    return()
+  endif()
+  # According to CMake docs EXISTS behavior is well-defined only for full paths.
+  get_filename_component(SourceFile ${SourceFile} ABSOLUTE)
+  if(NOT EXISTS ${SourceFile})
+    message(WARNING "Cannot find source file: ${SourceFile}")
+    return()
+  endif()
+  ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("parsing ${SourceFile}")
+  file(STRINGS ${SourceFile} Contents NEWLINE_CONSUME)
+
+  # Remove block and fullline comments
+  ParseAndAddCatchTests_RemoveComments(Contents)
+
+  # Find definition of test names
+  # https://regex101.com/r/JygOND/1
+  string(REGEX MATCHALL "[ \t]*(CATCH_)?(TEMPLATE_)?(TEST_CASE_METHOD|SCENARIO|TEST_CASE)[ \t]*\\([ \t\n]*\"[^\"]*\"[ \t\n]*(,[ \t\n]*\"[^\"]*\")?(,[ \t\n]*[^\,\)]*)*\\)[ \t\n]*\{+[ \t]*(//[^\n]*[Tt][Ii][Mm][Ee][Oo][Uu][Tt][ \t]*[0-9]+)*" Tests "${Contents}")
+
+  if(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_TO_CONFIGURE_DEPENDS AND Tests)
+    ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Adding ${SourceFile} to CMAKE_CONFIGURE_DEPENDS property")
+    set_property(
+      DIRECTORY
+      APPEND
+      PROPERTY CMAKE_CONFIGURE_DEPENDS ${SourceFile}
+    )
+  endif()
+
+  # check CMP0110 policy for new add_test() behavior
+  if(POLICY CMP0110)
+    cmake_policy(GET CMP0110 _cmp0110_value) # new add_test() behavior
+  else()
+    # just to be thorough explicitly set the variable
+    set(_cmp0110_value)
+  endif()
+
+  foreach(TestName ${Tests})
+    # Strip newlines
+    string(REGEX REPLACE "\\\\\n|\n" "" TestName "${TestName}")
+
+    # Get test type and fixture if applicable
+    string(REGEX MATCH "(CATCH_)?(TEMPLATE_)?(TEST_CASE_METHOD|SCENARIO|TEST_CASE)[ \t]*\\([^,^\"]*" TestTypeAndFixture "${TestName}")
+    string(REGEX MATCH "(CATCH_)?(TEMPLATE_)?(TEST_CASE_METHOD|SCENARIO|TEST_CASE)" TestType "${TestTypeAndFixture}")
+    string(REGEX REPLACE "${TestType}\\([ \t]*" "" TestFixture "${TestTypeAndFixture}")
+
+    # Get string parts of test definition
+    string(REGEX MATCHALL "\"+([^\\^\"]|\\\\\")+\"+" TestStrings "${TestName}")
+
+    # Strip wrapping quotation marks
+    string(REGEX REPLACE "^\"(.*)\"$" "\\1" TestStrings "${TestStrings}")
+    string(REPLACE "\";\"" ";" TestStrings "${TestStrings}")
+
+    # Validate that a test name and tags have been provided
+    list(LENGTH TestStrings TestStringsLength)
+    if(TestStringsLength GREATER 2 OR TestStringsLength LESS 1)
+      message(FATAL_ERROR "You must provide a valid test name and tags for all tests in ${SourceFile}")
+    endif()
+
+    # Assign name and tags
+    list(GET TestStrings 0 Name)
+    if("${TestType}" STREQUAL "SCENARIO")
+      set(Name "Scenario: ${Name}")
+    endif()
+    if(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_FIXTURE_IN_TEST_NAME AND "${TestType}" MATCHES "(CATCH_)?TEST_CASE_METHOD" AND TestFixture)
+      set(CTestName "${TestFixture}:${Name}")
+    else()
+      set(CTestName "${Name}")
+    endif()
+    if(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_ADD_TARGET_IN_TEST_NAME)
+      set(CTestName "${TestTarget}:${CTestName}")
+    endif()
+    # add target to labels to enable running all tests added from this target
+    set(Labels ${TestTarget})
+    if(TestStringsLength EQUAL 2)
+      list(GET TestStrings 1 Tags)
+      string(TOLOWER "${Tags}" Tags)
+      # remove target from labels if the test is hidden
+      if("${Tags}" MATCHES ".*\\[!?(hide|\\.)\\].*")
+        list(REMOVE_ITEM Labels ${TestTarget})
+      endif()
+      string(REPLACE "]" ";" Tags "${Tags}")
+      string(REPLACE "[" "" Tags "${Tags}")
+    else()
+      # unset tags variable from previous loop
+      unset(Tags)
+    endif()
+
+    list(APPEND Labels ${Tags})
+
+    set(HiddenTagFound OFF)
+    foreach(label ${Labels})
+      string(REGEX MATCH "^!hide|^\\." result ${label})
+      if(result)
+        set(HiddenTagFound ON)
+        break()
+      endif()
+    endforeach(label)
+    if(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_NO_HIDDEN_TESTS AND ${HiddenTagFound} AND ${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "3.9")
+      ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Skipping test \"${CTestName}\" as it has [!hide], [.] or [.foo] label")
+    else()
+      ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Adding test \"${CTestName}\"")
+      if(Labels)
+        ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Setting labels to ${Labels}")
+      endif()
+
+      # Escape commas in the test spec
+      string(REPLACE "," "\\," Name ${Name})
+
+      # Work around CMake 3.18.0 change in `add_test()`, before the escaped quotes were necessary,
+      # only with CMake 3.18.0 the escaped double quotes confuse the call. This change is reverted in 3.18.1
+      # And properly introduced in 3.19 with the CMP0110 policy
+      if(_cmp0110_value STREQUAL "NEW" OR ${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_EQUAL "3.18")
+        ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("CMP0110 set to NEW, no need for add_test(\"\") workaround")
+      else()
+        ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("CMP0110 set to OLD adding \"\" for add_test() workaround")
+        set(CTestName "\"${CTestName}\"")
+      endif()
+
+      # Handle template test cases
+      if("${TestTypeAndFixture}" MATCHES ".*TEMPLATE_.*")
+        set(Name "${Name} - *")
+      endif()
+
+      # Add the test and set its properties
+      add_test(NAME "${CTestName}" COMMAND ${OptionalCatchTestLauncher} $<TARGET_FILE:${TestTarget}> ${Name} ${AdditionalCatchParameters})
+      # Old CMake versions do not document VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL, so we use VERSION_GREATER with 3.8 instead
+      if(PARSE_CATCH_TESTS_NO_HIDDEN_TESTS AND ${HiddenTagFound} AND ${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_GREATER "3.8")
+        ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Setting DISABLED test property")
+        set_tests_properties("${CTestName}" PROPERTIES DISABLED ON)
+      else()
+        set_tests_properties("${CTestName}" PROPERTIES FAIL_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "No tests ran"
+                                                LABELS "${Labels}")
+      endif()
+      set_property(
+        TARGET ${TestTarget}
+        APPEND
+        PROPERTY ParseAndAddCatchTests_TESTS "${CTestName}")
+      set_property(
+        SOURCE ${SourceFile}
+        APPEND
+        PROPERTY ParseAndAddCatchTests_TESTS "${CTestName}")
+    endif()
+  endforeach()
+endfunction()
+
+# entry point
+function(ParseAndAddCatchTests TestTarget)
+  message(DEPRECATION "ParseAndAddCatchTest: function deprecated because of possibility of missed test cases. Consider using 'catch_discover_tests' from 'Catch.cmake'")
+  ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Started parsing ${TestTarget}")
+  get_target_property(SourceFiles ${TestTarget} SOURCES)
+  ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Found the following sources: ${SourceFiles}")
+  foreach(SourceFile ${SourceFiles})
+    ParseAndAddCatchTests_ParseFile(${SourceFile} ${TestTarget})
+  endforeach()
+  ParseAndAddCatchTests_PrintDebugMessage("Finished parsing ${TestTarget}")
+endfunction()

cmake/c++11-test-__func__-N2340.cpp

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#include <cstring>
-
-int main()
-{
-	if (!__func__) { return 1; }
-	if(std::strlen(__func__) <= 0) { return 1; }
-	return 0;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-auto-N2546.cpp

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-
-int main()
-{
-	auto i = 5;
-	auto f = 3.14159f;
-	auto d = 3.14159;
-	bool ret = (
-		(sizeof(f) < sizeof(d)) &&
-		(sizeof(i) == sizeof(int))
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-constexpr-N2235.cpp

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-constexpr int square(int x)
-{
-	return x*x;
-}
-
-constexpr int the_answer()
-{
-	return 42;
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int test_arr[square(3)];
-	bool ret = (
-		(square(the_answer()) == 1764) &&
-		(sizeof(test_arr)/sizeof(test_arr[0]) == 9)
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-cstdint.cpp

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#include <cstdint>
-int main()
-{
-	bool test = 
-		(sizeof(int8_t) == 1) &&
-		(sizeof(int16_t) == 2) &&
-		(sizeof(int32_t) == 4) &&
-		(sizeof(int64_t) == 8);
-	return test ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-decltype-N2343.cpp

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-
-bool check_size(int i)
-{
-	return sizeof(int) == sizeof(decltype(i));
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	bool ret = check_size(42);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-lambda-N2927.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int ret = 0;
-	return ([&ret]() -> int { return ret; })();
-}

cmake/c++11-test-long_long-N1811.cpp

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-int main(void)
-{
-	long long l;
-	unsigned long long ul;
-
-	return ((sizeof(l) >= 8) && (sizeof(ul) >= 8)) ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-nullptr-N2431.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int* test = nullptr;
-	return test ? 1 : 0;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-nullptr-N2431_fail_compile.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	int i = nullptr;
-	return 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-rvalue_references-N2118.cpp

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-int foo(int& lvalue)
-{
-	return 123;
-}
-
-int foo(int&& rvalue)
-{
-	return 321;
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int i = 42;
-	return ((foo(i) == 123) && (foo(42) == 321)) ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-sizeof_member-N2253.cpp

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-struct foo {
-	char bar;
-	int baz;
-};
-
-int main(void)
-{
-	bool ret = (
-		(sizeof(foo::bar) == 1) &&
-		(sizeof(foo::baz) >= sizeof(foo::bar)) &&
-		(sizeof(foo) >= sizeof(foo::bar)+sizeof(foo::baz))
-	);
-	return ret ? 0 : 1;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-static_assert-N1720.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	static_assert(0 < 1, "your ordering of integers is screwed");
-	return 0;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-static_assert-N1720_fail_compile.cpp

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-int main()
-{
-	static_assert(1 < 0, "this should fail");
-	return 0;
-}

cmake/c++11-test-variadic_templates-N2555.cpp

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-int Accumulate()
-{
-	return 0;
-}
-
-template<typename T, typename... Ts>
-int Accumulate(T v, Ts... vs)
-{
-	return v + Accumulate(vs...);
-}
-
-template<int... Is>
-int CountElements()
-{
-	return sizeof...(Is);
-}
-
-int main()
-{
-	int acc = Accumulate(1, 2, 3, 4, -5);
-	int count = CountElements<1,2,3,4,5>();
-	return ((acc == 5) && (count == 5)) ? 0 : 1;
-}

contrib/check_for_tabs.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'json'
+
+`grep -rPIHn '\t' src/* include/* samples/*`.lines { |line|
+  if /(?<filename>.+(hpp|cpp|chai)):(?<linenumber>[0-9]+):(?<restofline>.+)/ =~ line 
+    puts(JSON.dump({:line => linenumber, :filename => filename, :tool => "tab_checker", :message => "Source Code Line Contains Tabs", :messagetype => "warning"}))
+  end
+}
+
+

contrib/check_for_todos.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'json'
+
+`grep -rPIHni 'todo' src/* include/* samples/*`.lines { |line|
+  if /(?<filename>.+(hpp|cpp|chai)):(?<linenumber>[0-9]+):(?<restofline>.+)/ =~ line 
+    puts(JSON.dump({:line => linenumber, :filename => filename, :tool => "todo_checker", :message => "todo: #{restofline.strip}", :messagetype => "info"}))
+  end
+}
+
+

contrib/codeanalysis/fuzzy_tests/chaiscript.dict

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# My dict
+
+
+for="for"
+while="while"
+def="def"
+fun="fun"
+if="if"
+else="else"
+and="&&"
+or="||"
+auto="auto"
+var="var"
+begin_block="{"
+end_block="}"
+empty_vec="[]"
+string="string"
+vector="Vector"
+map="Map"
+return="return"
+break="break"
+true="true"
+false="false"
+class="class"
+attr="attr"
+var="var"
+global="global"
+empty_lambda=" fun(){} "
+empty_fun=" def empty_fun() {} "
+continue="continue"
+float=" 1.1f "
+double=" 2.2 "
+long_double=" 2.2ll "
+unsigned=" 3u "
+unsigned_long=" 4ul "
+unsigned_long_long=" 4ull "
+long_long=" 5ll "
+attr="attr"
+reference_del="auto &"
+int8=" int8_t(1) "
+int16=" int16_t(2) "
+int32=" int32_t(3) "
+int64=" int64_t(4) "
+uint8=" uint8_t(1) "
+uint16=" uint16_t(2) "
+uint32=" uint32_t(3) "
+uint64=" uint64_t(4) "
+int8t="int8_t"
+int16t="int16_t"
+int32t="int32_t"
+int64t="int64_t"
+uint8t="uint8_t"
+uint16t="uint16_t"
+uint32t="uint32_t"
+uint64t="uint64_t"
+
+
+
+
+
+

contrib/codeanalysis/fuzzy_tests/notes.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Command line used to find this crash:
+
+../../Downloads/afl-1.80b/afl-fuzz -i- -o findings -x chaiscript.dict -- ../a.out unit_test.inc @@
+
+If you can't reproduce a bug outside of afl-fuzz, be sure to set the same
+memory limit. The limit used for this fuzzing session was 50.0 MB.
+
+Need a tool to minimize test cases before investigating the crashes or sending
+them to a vendor? Check out the afl-tmin that comes with the fuzzer!
+
+Found any cool bugs in open-source tools using afl-fuzz? If yes, please drop
+me a mail at <lcamtuf@coredump.cx> once the issues are fixed - I'd love to
+add your finds to the gallery at:
+
+  http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/
+
+Thanks :-)

contrib/codeanalysis/fuzzy_tests/use.inc

@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@ def greet {
   return("hello")
 }
 
+fun(){ "world" }

contrib/codeanalysis/runcppcheck.sh

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ pushd ..
 wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/cppcheck/files/cppcheck/1.66/cppcheck-1.66.tar.bz2
 tar -xvf cppcheck-1.66.tar.bz2
 cd cppcheck-1.66
-CXX=g++-4.8 make -j2
+make -j2
 popd
 ../cppcheck-1.66/cppcheck --enable=all -I include --inline-suppr --suppress=missingIncludeSystem --std=c++11 --platform=unix64 src/main.cpp src/chai*.cpp --template ' - __{severity}__: [{file}:{line}](../blob/TRAVIS_COMMIT/{file}#L{line}) {message} ({id})'  2>output
 sed -i "s/TRAVIS_COMMIT/${TRAVIS_COMMIT}/g" output

contrib/sublimetext/ChaiScript.YAML-tmLanguage

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-# [PackageDev] target_format: plist, ext: tmLanguage
----
-comment: 'ChaiScript Syntax: version 2.0'
-fileTypes: [chai]
-firstLineMatch: ^#!/usr/bin/env node
-foldingStartMarker: ^.*\bdef\s*(\w+\s*)?\([^\)]*\)(\s*\{[^\}]*)?\s*$
-foldingStopMarker: ^\s*\}
-keyEquivalent: ^~J
-name: ChaiScript
-patterns:
-- {comment: chaiscript shebang, match: ^#, name: comment.line.chai}
-- {match: '\b((0(x|X)[0-9a-fA-F]+)|([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?))\b', name: constant.numeric.chai}
-- begin: ''''
-  beginCaptures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai}
-  end: ''''
-  endCaptures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.end.chai}
-  name: string.quoted.single.chai
-  patterns:
-  - {match: '\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]?|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)', name: constant.character.escape.chai}
-- begin: '"'
-  beginCaptures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai}
-  end: '"'
-  endCaptures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.string.end.chai}
-  name: string.quoted.double.chai
-  patterns:
-  - {match: '\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)', name: constant.character.escape.chai}
-- begin: /\*\*(?!/)
-  captures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
-  end: \*/
-  name: comment.block.documentation.chai
-- begin: /\*
-  captures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
-  end: \*/
-  name: comment.block.chai
-- captures:
-    '1': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.chai}
-  match: (//).*$\n?
-  name: comment.line.double-slash.chai
-- captures:
-    '0': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai}
-    '2': {name: punctuation.definition.comment.html.chai}
-  match: (<!--|-->)
-  name: comment.block.html.chai
-- {match: \b(boolean|byte|char|class|double|enum|float|fun|def|int|interface|long|short|var|auto|attr)\b,
-  name: storage.type.chai}
-- {match: \b(break|case|catch|continue|default|do|else|finally|else if|for|goto|if|return|switch|throw|try|while)\b,
-  name: keyword.control.chai}
-- {match: \b(delete|in|instanceof|new|typeof|with)\b, name: keyword.operator.chai}
-- {match: \btrue\b, name: constant.language.boolean.true.chai}
-- {match: \bfalse\b, name: constant.language.boolean.false.chai}
-- {match: \bnull\b, name: constant.language.null.chai}
-- {match: \b(Anchor|Applet|Area|Array|Boolean|Button|Checkbox|Date|document|event|FileUpload|Form|Frame|Function|Hidden|History|Image|JavaArray|JavaClass|JavaObject|JavaPackage|java|Layer|Link|Location|Math|MimeType|Number|navigator|netscape|Object|Option|Packages|Password|Plugin|Radio|RegExp|Reset|Select|String|Style|Submit|screen|sun|Text|Textarea|window|XMLHttpRequest)\b,
-  name: support.class.chai}
-- {match: '\b(s(h(ift|ow(Mod(elessDialog|alDialog)|Help))|croll(X|By(Pages|Lines)?|Y|To)?|t(op|rike)|i(n|zeToContent|debar|gnText)|ort|u(p|b(str(ing)?)?)|pli(ce|t)|e(nd|t(Re(sizable|questHeader)|M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Ho(tKeys|urs)|Year|Cursor|Time(out)?|Interval|ZOptions|Date|UTC(M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Hours|Date|FullYear)|FullYear|Active)|arch)|qrt|lice|avePreferences|mall)|h(ome|andleEvent)|navigate|c(har(CodeAt|At)|o(s|n(cat|textual|firm)|mpile)|eil|lear(Timeout|Interval)?|a(ptureEvents|ll)|reate(StyleSheet|Popup|EventObject))|t(o(GMTString|S(tring|ource)|U(TCString|pperCase)|Lo(caleString|werCase))|est|a(n|int(Enabled)?))|i(s(NaN|Finite)|ndexOf|talics)|d(isableExternalCapture|ump|etachEvent)|u(n(shift|taint|escape|watch)|pdateCommands)|j(oin|avaEnabled)|p(o(p|w)|ush|lugins.refresh|a(ddings|rse(Int|Float)?)|r(int|ompt|eference))|e(scape|nableExternalCapture|val|lementFromPoint|x(p|ec(Script|Command)?))|valueOf|UTC|queryCommand(State|Indeterm|Enabled|Value)|f(i(nd|le(ModifiedDate|Size|CreatedDate|UpdatedDate)|xed)|o(nt(size|color)|rward)|loor|romCharCode)|watch|l(ink|o(ad|g)|astIndexOf)|a(sin|nchor|cos|t(tachEvent|ob|an(2)?)|pply|lert|b(s|ort))|r(ou(nd|teEvents)|e(size(By|To)|calc|turnValue|place|verse|l(oad|ease(Capture|Events)))|andom)|g(o|et(ResponseHeader|M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Se(conds|lection)|Hours|Year|Time(zoneOffset)?|Da(y|te)|UTC(M(i(nutes|lliseconds)|onth)|Seconds|Hours|Da(y|te)|FullYear)|FullYear|A(ttention|llResponseHeaders)))|m(in|ove(B(y|elow)|To(Absolute)?|Above)|ergeAttributes|a(tch|rgins|x))|b(toa|ig|o(ld|rderWidths)|link|ack))\b(?=\()',
-  name: support.function.chai}
-- {match: '\b(s(ub(stringData|mit)|plitText|e(t(NamedItem|Attribute(Node)?)|lect))|has(ChildNodes|Feature)|namedItem|c(l(ick|o(se|neNode))|reate(C(omment|DATASection|aption)|T(Head|extNode|Foot)|DocumentFragment|ProcessingInstruction|E(ntityReference|lement)|Attribute))|tabIndex|i(nsert(Row|Before|Cell|Data)|tem)|open|delete(Row|C(ell|aption)|T(Head|Foot)|Data)|focus|write(ln)?|a(dd|ppend(Child|Data))|re(set|place(Child|Data)|move(NamedItem|Child|Attribute(Node)?)?)|get(NamedItem|Element(sBy(Name|TagName)|ById)|Attribute(Node)?)|blur)\b(?=\()',
-  name: support.function.dom.chai}
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-			<string>\bon(R(ow(s(inserted|delete)|e(nter|xit))|e(s(ize(start|end)?|et)|adystatechange))|Mouse(o(ut|ver)|down|up|move)|B(efore(cut|deactivate|u(nload|pdate)|p(aste|rint)|editfocus|activate)|lur)|S(croll|top|ubmit|elect(start|ionchange)?)|H(over|elp)|C(hange|ont(extmenu|rolselect)|ut|ellchange|l(ick|ose))|D(eactivate|ata(setc(hanged|omplete)|available)|r(op|ag(start|over|drop|en(ter|d)|leave)?)|blclick)|Unload|P(aste|ropertychange)|Error(update)?|Key(down|up|press)|Focus|Load|A(ctivate|fter(update|print)|bort))\b</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>support.function.event-handler.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>!|\$|%|&amp;|\*|\-\-|\-|\+\+|\+|~|===|==|=|!=|!==|&lt;=|&gt;=|&lt;&lt;=|&gt;&gt;=|&gt;&gt;&gt;=|&lt;&gt;|&lt;|&gt;|!|&amp;&amp;|\|\||\?\:|\*=|(?&lt;!\()/=|%=|\+=|\-=|&amp;=|\^=|\b(in|instanceof|new|delete|typeof|void)\b</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>keyword.operator.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\b(Infinity|NaN|undefined)\b</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>constant.language.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>begin</key>
-			<string>(?&lt;=[=(:]|^|return|&amp;&amp;|\|\||!)\s*(/)(?![/*+{}?])</string>
-			<key>beginCaptures</key>
-			<dict>
-				<key>1</key>
-				<dict>
-					<key>name</key>
-					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.chai</string>
-				</dict>
-			</dict>
-			<key>end</key>
-			<string>(/)[igm]*</string>
-			<key>endCaptures</key>
-			<dict>
-				<key>1</key>
-				<dict>
-					<key>name</key>
-					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.chai</string>
-				</dict>
-			</dict>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>string.regexp.chai</string>
-			<key>patterns</key>
-			<array>
-				<dict>
-					<key>match</key>
-					<string>\\.</string>
-					<key>name</key>
-					<string>constant.character.escape.chai</string>
-				</dict>
-			</array>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\;</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>punctuation.terminator.statement.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>,[ |\t]*</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.delimiter.object.comma.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\.</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.delimiter.method.period.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\{|\}</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.brace.curly.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\(|\)</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.brace.round.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-		<dict>
-			<key>match</key>
-			<string>\[|\]</string>
-			<key>name</key>
-			<string>meta.brace.square.chai</string>
-		</dict>
-	</array>
-	<key>scopeName</key>
-	<string>source.chai</string>
-	<key>uuid</key>
-	<string>93E017CC-6F27-11D9-90EB-000D93589AF6</string>
-</dict>
-</plist>

contrib/vim

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+vim support can be found at https://github.com/ChaiScript/vim-chaiscript

contrib/vim/README.txt

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-Install ftdetect, indent and syntax subdirectories to:
-
-~/.vim/
-
-See the vim documentation on this:
-
-http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/syntax.html#mysyntaxfile

contrib/vim/ftdetect/chaiscript.vim

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-au BufRead,BufNewFile *.chai            set filetype=chaiscript
-

contrib/vim/indent/chaiscript.vim

@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-" Vim indent file
-" Language:     ChaiScript
-" Maintainer:	Jason Turner <lefticus 'at' gmail com>
-
-" Only load this indent file when no other was loaded.
-if exists("b:did_indent")
-  finish
-endif
-let b:did_indent = 1
-
-setlocal indentexpr=GetChaiScriptIndent()
-setlocal autoindent
-
-" Only define the function once.
-if exists("*GetChaiScriptIndent")
-  finish
-endif
-
-function! GetChaiScriptIndent()
-  " Find a non-blank line above the current line.
-  let lnum = prevnonblank(v:lnum - 1)
-
-  " Hit the start of the file, use zero indent.
-  if lnum == 0
-    return 0
-  endif
-
-  " Add a 'shiftwidth' after lines that start a block:
-  " lines containing a {
-  let ind = indent(lnum)
-  let flag = 0
-  let prevline = getline(lnum)
-  if prevline =~ '^.*{.*'
-    let ind = ind + &shiftwidth
-    let flag = 1
-  endif
-
-  " Subtract a 'shiftwidth' after lines containing a { followed by a }
-  " to keep it balanced
-  if flag == 1 && prevline =~ '.*{.*}.*'
-    let ind = ind - &shiftwidth
-  endif
-
-  " Subtract a 'shiftwidth' on lines ending with }
-  if getline(v:lnum) =~ '^\s*\%(}\)'
-    let ind = ind - &shiftwidth
-  endif
-
-  return ind
-endfunction

contrib/vim/syntax/chaiscript.vim

@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-" Vim syntax file
-" Language:	ChaiScript
-" Maintainer:	Jason Turner <lefticus 'at' gmail com>
-
-" Quit when a (custom) syntax file was already loaded
-if exists("b:current_syntax")
-  finish
-end
-
-let s:cpo_save = &cpo
-set cpo&vim
-
-syn case match
-
-" syncing method
-syn sync fromstart
-
-" Strings
-syn region chaiscriptString        start=+"+ end=+"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\"+ contains=chaiscriptSpecial,chaiscriptEval,@Spell
-
-" Escape characters
-syn match  chaiscriptSpecial       contained "\\[\\abfnrtv\'\"]\|\\\d\{,3}"
-
-" String evals
-syn region chaiscriptEval          contained start="${" end="}"
-
-" integer number
-syn match  chaiscriptNumber        "\<\d\+\>"
-
-" floating point number, with dot, optional exponent
-syn match  chaiscriptFloat         "\<\d\+\.\d*\%(e[-+]\=\d\+\)\=\>"
-
-" floating point number, starting with a dot, optional exponent
-syn match  chaiscriptFloat         "\.\d\+\%(e[-+]\=\d\+\)\=\>"
-
-" floating point number, without dot, with exponent
-syn match  chaiscriptFloat         "\<\d\+e[-+]\=\d\+\>"
-
-" Hex strings
-syn match  chaiscriptNumber        "\<0x\x\+\>"
-
-" Binary strings
-syn match  chaiscriptNumber        "\<0b[01]\+\>"
-
-" Various language features
-syn keyword chaiscriptCond         if else
-syn keyword chaiscriptRepeat       while for do
-syn keyword chaiscriptStatement    break continue return switch case default
-syn keyword chaiscriptExceptions   try catch throw
-
-"Keyword
-syn keyword chaiscriptKeyword      def true false attr
-
-"Built in types
-syn keyword chaiscriptType         fun var auto
-
-"Built in funcs, keep it simple
-syn keyword chaiscriptFunc         eval throw
-
-"Let's treat all backtick operator function lookups as built in too
-syn region  chaiscriptFunc         matchgroup=chaiscriptFunc start="`" end="`"
-
-" Account for the "[1..10]" syntax, treating it as an operator
-" Intentionally leaving out all of the normal, well known operators
-syn match   chaiscriptOperator     "\.\."
-
-" Guard seperator as an operator
-syn match   chaiscriptOperator     ":"
-
-" Comments
-syn match   chaiscriptComment      "//.*$" contains=@Spell
-syn region  chaiscriptComment      matchgroup=chaiscriptComment start="/\*" end="\*/" contains=@Spell
-
-
-
-hi def link chaiscriptExceptions	Exception
-hi def link chaiscriptKeyword		Keyword
-hi def link chaiscriptStatement		Statement
-hi def link chaiscriptRepeat		Repeat
-hi def link chaiscriptString		String
-hi def link chaiscriptNumber		Number
-hi def link chaiscriptFloat		Float
-hi def link chaiscriptOperator		Operator
-hi def link chaiscriptConstant		Constant
-hi def link chaiscriptCond		Conditional
-hi def link chaiscriptFunction		Function
-hi def link chaiscriptComment		Comment
-hi def link chaiscriptTodo		Todo
-hi def link chaiscriptError		Error
-hi def link chaiscriptSpecial		SpecialChar
-hi def link chaiscriptFunc		Identifier
-hi def link chaiscriptType		Type
-hi def link chaiscriptEval	        Special
-
-let b:current_syntax = "chaiscript"
-
-let &cpo = s:cpo_save
-unlet s:cpo_save
-" vim: nowrap sw=2 sts=2 ts=8 noet

emscripten/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Emscripten/WebAssembly build for ChaiScript
+# Based on work by Rob Loach: https://github.com/RobLoach/ChaiScript.js
+#
+# Usage:
+#   emcmake cmake -B build-em -S emscripten
+#   cmake --build build-em
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12)
+project(chaiscript_em)
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+
+# Emscripten-specific compiler/linker flags
+add_definitions(-DCHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS -DCHAISCRIPT_NO_DYNLOAD)
+
+add_executable(chaiscript chaiscript_em.cpp)
+target_include_directories(chaiscript PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include)
+
+# Enable WASM exception handling — ChaiScript relies on C++ exceptions for
+# error propagation; without this flag exceptions cause an abort in WASM.
+target_compile_options(chaiscript PRIVATE -fwasm-exceptions)
+
+# Emscripten link flags: enable embind, allow memory growth, export as ES module-compatible
+target_link_options(chaiscript PRIVATE
+  --bind
+  -fwasm-exceptions
+  -sALLOW_MEMORY_GROWTH=1
+  -sEXPORT_ES6=0
+  -sMODULARIZE=0
+  -sINVOKE_RUN=0
+)
+
+# Copy the HTML shell to the build output directory
+add_custom_command(TARGET chaiscript POST_BUILD
+  COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/chaiscript.html
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/chaiscript.html
+  COMMENT "Copying HTML frontend to build directory"
+)

emscripten/chaiscript.html

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<!--
+  ChaiScript Emscripten Frontend
+  Based on work by Rob Loach: https://github.com/RobLoach/ChaiScript.js
+  Copyright 2019, Rob Loach
+  Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner
+  Licensed under the BSD License. See "license.txt" for details.
+-->
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <title>ChaiScript</title>
+  <style>
+    * { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
+    body {
+      font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+      background: #1a1a2e;
+      color: #e0e0e0;
+      min-height: 100vh;
+      display: flex;
+      flex-direction: column;
+    }
+    header {
+      background: #16213e;
+      padding: 1rem 2rem;
+      border-bottom: 2px solid #0f3460;
+      display: flex;
+      align-items: center;
+      gap: 1rem;
+    }
+    header h1 {
+      font-size: 1.5rem;
+      color: #e94560;
+      font-weight: 700;
+    }
+    header span {
+      font-size: 0.85rem;
+      color: #888;
+    }
+    #status {
+      margin-left: auto;
+      font-size: 0.85rem;
+      padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
+      border-radius: 4px;
+      background: #0f3460;
+    }
+    #status.ready { color: #4ecca3; }
+    #status.loading { color: #e9c46a; }
+    #status.error { color: #e94560; }
+    main {
+      flex: 1;
+      display: flex;
+      gap: 0;
+    }
+    .panel {
+      flex: 1;
+      display: flex;
+      flex-direction: column;
+      min-width: 0;
+    }
+    .panel-header {
+      background: #16213e;
+      padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+      font-size: 0.8rem;
+      text-transform: uppercase;
+      letter-spacing: 0.1em;
+      color: #888;
+      border-bottom: 1px solid #0f3460;
+    }
+    #input {
+      flex: 1;
+      background: #0d1117;
+      color: #c9d1d9;
+      border: none;
+      padding: 1rem;
+      font-family: "SF Mono", "Fira Code", "Fira Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
+      font-size: 0.9rem;
+      line-height: 1.6;
+      resize: none;
+      outline: none;
+      tab-size: 2;
+    }
+    .divider {
+      width: 2px;
+      background: #0f3460;
+    }
+    #output {
+      flex: 1;
+      background: #0d1117;
+      padding: 1rem;
+      font-family: "SF Mono", "Fira Code", "Fira Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
+      font-size: 0.9rem;
+      line-height: 1.6;
+      overflow-y: auto;
+      white-space: pre-wrap;
+      word-break: break-all;
+    }
+    .output-line { color: #c9d1d9; }
+    .output-error { color: #e94560; }
+    footer {
+      background: #16213e;
+      padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+      display: flex;
+      gap: 0.5rem;
+      align-items: center;
+      border-top: 2px solid #0f3460;
+    }
+    button {
+      background: #e94560;
+      color: #fff;
+      border: none;
+      padding: 0.4rem 1.2rem;
+      border-radius: 4px;
+      cursor: pointer;
+      font-size: 0.85rem;
+      font-weight: 600;
+    }
+    button:hover { background: #c73652; }
+    button:disabled { background: #555; cursor: not-allowed; }
+    #btn-clear {
+      background: #0f3460;
+    }
+    #btn-clear:hover { background: #1a4a8a; }
+    .hint {
+      margin-left: auto;
+      font-size: 0.75rem;
+      color: #555;
+    }
+  </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <header>
+    <h1>ChaiScript</h1>
+    <span>Interactive Playground</span>
+    <div id="status" class="loading">Loading...</div>
+  </header>
+  <main>
+    <div class="panel">
+      <div class="panel-header">Input</div>
+      <textarea id="input" spellcheck="false">// Welcome to ChaiScript!
+// Write your code here and click Run (or press Ctrl+Enter).
+
+def greet(name) {
+  return "Hello, " + name + "!"
+}
+
+print(greet("World"))
+print(greet("ChaiScript"))
+
+// Math example
+def factorial(n) {
+  if (n <= 1) { return 1 }
+  return n * factorial(n - 1)
+}
+
+print("5! = " + to_string(factorial(5)))
+print("10! = " + to_string(factorial(10)))
+</textarea>
+    </div>
+    <div class="divider"></div>
+    <div class="panel">
+      <div class="panel-header">Output</div>
+      <div id="output"></div>
+    </div>
+  </main>
+  <footer>
+    <button id="btn-run" disabled>Run</button>
+    <button id="btn-clear">Clear</button>
+    <span class="hint">Ctrl+Enter to run</span>
+  </footer>
+
+  <script>
+    var outputEl = document.getElementById('output');
+    var inputEl = document.getElementById('input');
+    var btnRun = document.getElementById('btn-run');
+    var btnClear = document.getElementById('btn-clear');
+    var statusEl = document.getElementById('status');
+
+    function appendOutput(text, className) {
+      var line = document.createElement('div');
+      line.className = className || 'output-line';
+      line.textContent = text;
+      outputEl.appendChild(line);
+      outputEl.scrollTop = outputEl.scrollHeight;
+    }
+
+    var Module = {
+      print: function(text) {
+        appendOutput(text);
+      },
+      printErr: function(text) {
+        appendOutput(text, 'output-error');
+      },
+      onRuntimeInitialized: function() {
+        statusEl.textContent = 'Ready';
+        statusEl.className = 'ready';
+        btnRun.disabled = false;
+      }
+    };
+
+    function runCode() {
+      var code = inputEl.value;
+      if (!code.trim()) return;
+
+      appendOutput('> Running...', 'output-line');
+      try {
+        Module.eval(code);
+      } catch (e) {
+        appendOutput('Error: ' + e.message, 'output-error');
+      }
+      appendOutput('', 'output-line');
+    }
+
+    btnRun.addEventListener('click', runCode);
+    btnClear.addEventListener('click', function() {
+      outputEl.innerHTML = '';
+    });
+
+    inputEl.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {
+      if (e.ctrlKey && e.key === 'Enter') {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        runCode();
+      }
+      // Tab key inserts spaces
+      if (e.key === 'Tab') {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        var start = this.selectionStart;
+        var end = this.selectionEnd;
+        this.value = this.value.substring(0, start) + '  ' + this.value.substring(end);
+        this.selectionStart = this.selectionEnd = start + 2;
+      }
+    });
+  </script>
+  <script src="chaiscript.js"></script>
+</body>
+</html>

emscripten/chaiscript_em.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2019, Rob Loach (https://github.com/RobLoach/ChaiScript.js)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+//
+// Emscripten/WebAssembly wrapper for ChaiScript.
+// Based on work by Rob Loach: https://github.com/RobLoach/ChaiScript.js
+
+#include "chaiscript_eval.hpp"
+
+#ifdef __EMSCRIPTEN__
+#include <emscripten/bind.h>
+
+EMSCRIPTEN_BINDINGS(chaiscript) {
+  emscripten::function("eval", &chaiscript_eval);
+  emscripten::function("evalString", &chaiscript_eval_string);
+  emscripten::function("evalBool", &chaiscript_eval_bool);
+  emscripten::function("evalInt", &chaiscript_eval_int);
+  emscripten::function("evalFloat", &chaiscript_eval_float);
+  emscripten::function("evalDouble", &chaiscript_eval_double);
+}
+#endif

emscripten/chaiscript_eval.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2019, Rob Loach (https://github.com/RobLoach/ChaiScript.js)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+// Shared eval helper functions for the ChaiScript Emscripten wrapper.
+// These functions provide typed evaluation of ChaiScript expressions,
+// used by both the Emscripten/WebAssembly build and native tests.
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_EMSCRIPTEN_EVAL_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_EMSCRIPTEN_EVAL_HPP_
+
+#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace detail {
+  inline chaiscript::ChaiScript &get_chai_instance() {
+    static chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
+    return chai;
+  }
+} // namespace detail
+
+inline void chaiscript_eval(const std::string &input) {
+  detail::get_chai_instance().eval(input);
+}
+
+inline std::string chaiscript_eval_string(const std::string &input) {
+  return detail::get_chai_instance().eval<std::string>(input);
+}
+
+inline bool chaiscript_eval_bool(const std::string &input) {
+  return detail::get_chai_instance().eval<bool>(input);
+}
+
+inline int chaiscript_eval_int(const std::string &input) {
+  return detail::get_chai_instance().eval<int>(input);
+}
+
+inline float chaiscript_eval_float(const std::string &input) {
+  return detail::get_chai_instance().eval<float>(input);
+}
+
+inline double chaiscript_eval_double(const std::string &input) {
+  return detail::get_chai_instance().eval<double>(input);
+}
+
+#endif /* CHAISCRIPT_EMSCRIPTEN_EVAL_HPP_ */

grammar/chaiscript.ebnf

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * ChaiScript Grammar — EBNF for Railroad Diagram Generation
+ *
+ * View as navigable railroad diagrams at:
+ *    https://www.bottlecaps.de/rr/ui  (IPv6)
+ *    https://rr.red-dove.com/ui       (IPv4)
+ *
+ * Copy and paste this file into the 'Edit Grammar' tab, then
+ * click 'View Diagram'.
+ *
+ * This grammar uses the notation accepted by
+ * https://github.com/GuntherRademacher/rr :
+ *   - "::=" as rule separator
+ *   - no semicolon at end of rule
+ *   - "?" "+" "*" for repetition
+ *   - C comments
+ */
+
+/* ---- Top-level ---- */
+
+statements           ::= ( def | try | if | while | class | enum
+                           | for | switch | return | break | continue
+                           | equation | block | eol )+
+
+/* ---- Functions ---- */
+
+def                  ::= "def" id ( "::" id )? "(" decl_arg_list ")" eol*
+                           ( ":" guard )? eol* block
+
+lambda               ::= "fun" ( "[" id_arg_list "]" )? "(" decl_arg_list ")" eol* block
+
+guard                ::= operator
+
+/* ---- Exception handling ---- */
+
+try                  ::= "try" eol* block catch* finally?
+catch                ::= "catch" ( "(" arg ")" )? eol* block
+finally              ::= "finally" eol* block
+
+/* ---- Control flow ---- */
+
+if                   ::= "if" "(" equation ( eol equation )? ")" eol* block
+                           ( "else" ( if | eol* block ) )*
+
+while                ::= "while" "(" operator ")" eol* block
+
+for                  ::= "for" "(" ( for_guards | equation ":" equation ) ")" eol* block
+for_guards           ::= equation eol equation eol equation
+
+switch               ::= "switch" "(" operator ")" eol* "{" ( case | default )+ "}"
+case                 ::= "case" "(" operator ")" eol* block
+default              ::= "default" eol* block
+
+/* ---- Classes ---- */
+
+class                ::= "class" id ( ":" id )? eol* class_block
+class_block          ::= "{" class_statements* "}"
+class_statements     ::= def | var_decl | eol
+
+/* ---- Enums ---- */
+
+enum                 ::= "enum" ( "class" | "struct" ) id ( ":" underlying_type )?
+                           "{" enum_entries? "}"
+
+enum_entries         ::= enum_entry ( "," enum_entry )*
+
+enum_entry           ::= id ( "=" integer )?
+
+underlying_type      ::= id
+
+
+/* ---- Blocks & flow keywords ---- */
+
+block                ::= "{" statements* "}"
+return               ::= "return" operator?
+break                ::= "break"
+continue             ::= "continue"
+
+/* ---- Line termination ---- */
+
+eol                  ::= "\n" | "\r\n" | ";"
+
+/* ---- Equations & operators ---- */
+
+equation             ::= operator ( ( "=" | ":=" | "+=" | "-=" | "*=" | "/="
+                           | "%=" | "<<=" | ">>=" | "&=" | "^=" | "|=" )
+                           equation )?
+
+operator             ::= prefix
+                       | value
+                       | operator binary_operator operator
+                       | operator "?" operator ":" operator
+
+prefix               ::= ( "++" | "--" | "-" | "+" | "!" | "~" ) operator
+
+binary_operator      ::= "||" | "&&"
+                       | "|" | "^" | "&"
+                       | "==" | "!="
+                       | "<" | "<=" | ">" | ">="
+                       | "<<" | ">>"
+                       | "+" | "-"
+                       | "*" | "/" | "%"
+
+/* ---- Values & access ---- */
+
+value                ::= var_decl | dot_fun_array | prefix
+
+dot_fun_array        ::= ( lambda | num | quoted_string
+                           | single_quoted_string | raw_string
+                           | paren_expression | inline_container
+                           | id )
+                           ( fun_call | array_call | dot_access )*
+
+fun_call             ::= "(" arg_list ")"
+array_call           ::= "[" operator "]"
+dot_access           ::= "." id
+
+/* ---- Variable declarations ---- */
+
+var_decl             ::= ( "auto" | "var" | "const" ) ( reference | id )
+                       | "global" ( reference | id )
+                       | "attr" id ( "::" id )?
+
+reference            ::= "&" id
+
+/* ---- Parenthesised & inline containers ---- */
+
+paren_expression     ::= "(" operator ")"
+
+inline_container     ::= "[" container_arg_list "]"
+container_arg_list   ::= value_range
+                       | map_pair ( "," map_pair )*
+                       | operator ( "," operator )*
+
+value_range          ::= operator ".." operator
+map_pair             ::= operator ":" operator
+
+/* ---- String literals ---- */
+
+quoted_string        ::= '"' ( char | escape | interpolation )* '"'
+single_quoted_string ::= "'" ( char | escape ) "'"
+raw_string           ::= 'R"' delimiter? "(" char* ")" delimiter? '"'
+delimiter            ::= [a-zA-Z0-9_]+
+interpolation        ::= "${" equation "}"
+
+/* ---- Escape sequences ---- */
+
+escape               ::= "\" ( "'" | '"' | "?" | "\" | "a" | "b"
+                           | "f" | "n" | "r" | "t" | "v" | "$"
+                           | "0"
+                           | "x" hex_digit+
+                           | "u" hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit
+                           | "U" hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit
+                               hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit
+                           | octal_digit+ )
+
+/* ---- Argument lists ---- */
+
+id_arg_list          ::= id ( "," id )*
+decl_arg_list        ::= ( arg ( "," arg )* )?
+arg_list             ::= ( equation ( "," equation )* )?
+arg                  ::= id id?
+
+/* ---- Identifiers ---- */
+
+id                   ::= ( [a-zA-Z_] [a-zA-Z0-9_]* )
+                       | ( "`" [^`]+ "`" )
+                       | "true" | "false"
+                       | "Infinity" | "NaN"
+                       | "_"
+                       | "__LINE__" | "__FILE__" | "__FUNC__" | "__CLASS__"
+
+/* ---- Numeric literals ---- */
+
+num                  ::= hex | binary | float | integer
+
+hex                  ::= "0" ( "x" | "X" ) [0-9a-fA-F]+ int_suffix*
+binary               ::= "0" ( "b" | "B" ) [01]+ int_suffix*
+float                ::= [0-9]+ "." [0-9]+ ( ( "e" | "E" ) ( "+" | "-" )? [0-9]+ )? float_suffix?
+integer              ::= [0-9]+ int_suffix*
+
+int_suffix           ::= "l" | "L" | "ll" | "LL" | "u" | "U"
+float_suffix         ::= "l" | "L" | "f" | "F"
+
+/* ---- Character classes ---- */
+
+octal_digit          ::= [0-7]
+hex_digit            ::= [0-9a-fA-F]
+char                 ::= [^"\]

include/chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp

@@ -1,27 +1,29 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HPP_
 
-
-
 /// @mainpage
 /// [ChaiScript](http://www.chaiscript.com") is a scripting language designed specifically for integration with C++. It provides
 /// seamless integration with C++ on all levels, including shared_ptr objects, functors and exceptions.
-/// 
-/// The parts of the ChaiScript API that the average user will be concerned with are contained in the 
+///
+/// The parts of the ChaiScript API that the average user will be concerned with are contained in the
 /// chaiscript namespace and the chaiscript::ChaiScript class.
 ///
 /// The end user parts of the API are extremely simple both in size and ease of use.
 ///
-/// Currently, all source control and project management aspects of ChaiScript occur on [github](http://www.github.com/ChaiScript/ChaiScript").
+/// Currently, all source control and project management aspects of ChaiScript occur on
+/// [github](http://www.github.com/ChaiScript/ChaiScript").
 ///
 /// ------------------------------------------------------------
-/// 
+///
 /// @sa chaiscript
 /// @sa chaiscript::ChaiScript
 /// @sa ChaiScript_Language for Built in Functions
@@ -47,16 +49,16 @@
 /// - @ref functionobjects
 /// - @ref threading
 /// - @ref exceptions
-/// 
-/// 
+///
+///
 /// @subsection basics Basics
-/// 
+///
 /// Basic simple example:
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// //main.cpp
 /// #include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp>
-/// 
+///
 /// double function(int i, double j)
 /// {
 ///   return i * j;
@@ -65,10 +67,10 @@
 /// int main()
 /// {
 ///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-///   chai.add(&function, "function");
+///   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&function), "function");
 ///
 ///   double d = chai.eval<double>("function(3, 4.75);");
-/// } 
+/// }
 /// ~~~~~~~
 ///
 /// ------------------------------------------------------
@@ -77,14 +79,14 @@
 ///
 /// ChaiScript is a header only library with only one dependency: The
 /// operating system provided dynamic library loader, which has to be specified on some platforms.
-/// 
+///
 /// @subsubsection compilinggcc Compiling with GCC
-/// 
+///
 /// To compile the above application on a Unix like operating system (MacOS, Linux) with GCC you need to link
 /// the dynamic loader. For example:
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// gcc main.cpp -I/path/to/chaiscript/headers -ldl 
+/// gcc main.cpp -I/path/to/chaiscript/headers -ldl
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
 /// Alternatively, you may compile without threading support.
@@ -107,11 +109,11 @@
 /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
 /// chai("print(@"hello world@")");
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// @sa chaiscript::ChaiScript::operator()(const std::string &)
 ///
 /// @subsubsection evalmethod Method 'eval'
-/// 
+///
 /// The eval method is somewhat more verbose and can be used to get type safely return values
 /// from the script.
 ///
@@ -125,15 +127,15 @@
 /// @sa chaiscript::ChaiScript::eval
 ///
 /// @subsubsection evalfilemethod Method 'eval_file'
-/// 
+///
 /// The 'eval_file' method loads a file from disk and executes the script in it
-/// 
+///
 /// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
 /// chai.eval_file("myfile.chai");
 /// std::string result = chai.eval_file<std::string>("myfile.chai") // extract the last value returned from the file
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// @sa chaiscript::ChaiScript::eval_file
 ///
 /// --------------------------------------------------
@@ -145,10 +147,10 @@
 /// @subsubsection adding_objects Adding Objects
 ///
 /// Named objects can be created with the chaiscript::var function. Note: adding a object
-/// adds it to the current thread scope, not to a global scope. If you have multiple 
+/// adds it to the current thread scope, not to a global scope. If you have multiple
 /// threads that need to access the same variables you will need to add them
 /// separately for each thread, from the thread itself.
-/// 
+///
 /// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// using namespace chaiscript;
 /// ChaiScript chai;
@@ -163,23 +165,23 @@
 /// chai.add(const_var(i), "i");
 /// chai("i = 5"); // exception throw, cannot assign const var
 /// ~~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// Named variables can only be accessed from the context they are created in.
-/// If you want a global variable, it must be const, and created with the 
+/// If you want a global variable, it must be const, and created with the
 /// chaiscript::ChaiScript::add_global_const function.
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// chai.add_global_const(const_var(i), "i");
 /// chai("def somefun() { print(i); }; somefun();");
 /// ~~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// @subsubsection adding_functions Adding Functions
-/// 
+///
 /// Functions, methods and members are all added using the same function: chaiscript::fun.
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// using namespace chaiscript;
-/// 
+///
 /// class MyClass {
 ///   public:
 ///     int memberdata;
@@ -189,7 +191,7 @@
 ///     void overloadedmethod();
 ///     void overloadedmethod(const std::string &);
 /// };
-/// 
+///
 /// ChaiScript chai;
 /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberdata), "memberdata");
 /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::method), "method");
@@ -204,7 +206,7 @@
 /// ~~~~~~~~~
 ///
 /// There are also shortcuts built into chaiscript::fun for binding up to the first two parameters of the function.
-/// 
+///
 /// ~~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// MyClass obj;
 /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::method, &obj), "method");
@@ -216,7 +218,7 @@
 /// @subsubsection addingtypeinfo Adding Type Info
 ///
 /// ChaiScript will automatically support any type implicitly provided to it in the form
-/// of objects and function parameters / return types. However, it can be nice to let ChaiScript 
+/// of objects and function parameters / return types. However, it can be nice to let ChaiScript
 /// know more details about the types you are giving it. For instance, the "clone" functionality
 /// cannot work unless there is a copy constructor registered and the name of the type is known
 /// (so that ChaiScript can look up the copy constructor).
@@ -228,23 +230,23 @@
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
 /// @subsubsection adding_modules Adding Modules
-/// 
+///
 /// Modules are holders for collections of ChaiScript registrations.
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// ModulePtr module = get_sum_module();
 /// chai.add(module);
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// @sa chaiscript::Module
 ///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @subsection operatoroverloading Operator Overloading
-/// 
+///
 /// Operators are just like any other function in ChaiScript, to overload an operator, simply register it.
-/// 
-/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp} 
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// class MyClass {
 ///   MyClass operator+(const MyClass &) const;
 /// };
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @subsection add_class Class Helper Utility
-/// 
+///
 /// Much of the work of adding new classes to ChaiScript can be reduced with the help
 /// of the add_class helper utility.
 ///
@@ -291,8 +293,8 @@
 ///        constructor<Test(const Test &)>() },
 ///      { {fun(&Test::function), "function"},
 ///        {fun(&Test::function2), "function2"},
-///        {fun(&Test::function2), "function3"} 
-///        {fun(static_cast<std::string Test::*(double)>(&Test::functionOverload)), "functionOverload"} 
+///        {fun(&Test::function2), "function3"}
+///        {fun(static_cast<std::string Test::*(double)>(&Test::functionOverload)), "functionOverload"}
 ///        {fun(static_cast<std::string Test::*(int)>(&Test::functionOverload)), "functionOverload"} }
 ///      );
 ///
@@ -301,7 +303,7 @@
 ///   chai.add(m);
 /// }
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// @sa @ref adding_modules
 ///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -311,8 +313,8 @@
 /// As much as possible, ChaiScript attempts to convert between &, *, const &, const *, std::shared_ptr<T>,
 /// std::shared_ptr<const T>, std::reference_wrapper<T>, std::reference_wrapper<const T> and value types automatically.
 ///
-/// If a chaiscript::var object was created in C++ from a pointer, it cannot be converted to a shared_ptr (this would add invalid reference counting).
-/// Const may be added, but never removed. 
+/// If a chaiscript::var object was created in C++ from a pointer, it cannot be converted to a shared_ptr (this would add invalid reference
+/// counting). Const may be added, but never removed.
 ///
 /// The take away is that you can pretty much expect function calls to Just Work when you need them to.
 ///
@@ -355,16 +357,16 @@
 ///   chai("fun8(i)");
 ///   chai("fun9(i)");
 ///   chai("fun10(i)");
-/// }  
+/// }
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
-/// See the unit test unittests/boxed_cast_test.cpp for a complete breakdown of the automatic casts that 
+/// See the unit test unittests/boxed_cast_test.cpp for a complete breakdown of the automatic casts that
 /// available and tested.
-/// 
+///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @subsection baseclasses Base Classes
-/// 
+///
 /// ChaiScript supports handling of passing a derived class object to a function expecting a base class object.
 /// For the process to work, the base/derived relationship must be registered with the engine.
 ///
@@ -383,7 +385,7 @@
 ///   chai("myfunction(d)");
 /// }
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 ///
@@ -397,7 +399,7 @@
 /// {
 ///   t_func("bob");
 /// }
-/// 
+///
 /// int main()
 /// {
 ///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
@@ -409,16 +411,16 @@
 ///   f(); // call the ChaiScript function dump_system, from C++
 /// }
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 ///
 /// @subsection threading Threading
-/// 
+///
 /// Thread safety is automatically handled within the ChaiScript system. Objects can be added
 /// and scripts executed from multiple threads. For each thread that executes scripts, a new
 /// context is created and managed by the engine.
-/// 
+///
 /// Thread safety can be disabled by defining CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS when using the library.
 ///
 /// Disabling thread safety increases performance in many cases.
@@ -427,10 +429,10 @@
 ///
 ///
 /// @subsection exceptions Exception Handling
-/// 
+///
 /// @subsubsection exceptionsbasics Exception Handling Basics
 ///
-/// Exceptions can be thrown in ChaiScript and caught in C++ or thrown in C++ and caught in 
+/// Exceptions can be thrown in ChaiScript and caught in C++ or thrown in C++ and caught in
 /// ChaiScript.
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
@@ -438,14 +440,14 @@
 /// {
 ///   throw std::runtime_error("err");
 /// }
-/// 
+///
 /// int main()
 /// {
 ///   // Throw in C++, catch in ChaiScript
 ///   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
 ///   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&throwexception), "throwexception");
 ///   chai("try { throwexception(); } catch (e) { print(e.what()); }"); // prints "err"
-/// 
+///
 ///   // Throw in ChaiScript, catch in C++
 ///   try {
 ///     chai("throw(1)");
@@ -455,18 +457,19 @@
 ///   }
 /// }
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// @subsubsection exceptionsautomatic Exception Handling Automatic Unboxing
 ///
-/// As an alternative to the manual unboxing of exceptions shown above, exception specifications allow the user to tell 
-/// ChaiScript what possible exceptions are expected from the script being executed. 
+/// As an alternative to the manual unboxing of exceptions shown above, exception specifications allow the user to tell
+/// ChaiScript what possible exceptions are expected from the script being executed.
 ///
 /// Example:
 /// ~~~~~~~~{.cpp}
 /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
 ///
 /// try {
-///   chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(@"error@"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
+///   chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(@"error@"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const
+///   std::exception &>());
 /// } catch (const double e) {
 /// } catch (int) {
 /// } catch (float) {
@@ -476,11 +479,9 @@
 /// }
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
-/// @sa chaiscript::Exception_Handler for details on automatic exception unboxing 
+/// @sa chaiscript::Exception_Handler for details on automatic exception unboxing
 /// @sa chaiscript::exception_specification
 
-
-
 /// @page LangObjectSystemRef ChaiScript Language Object Model Reference
 ///
 ///
@@ -491,7 +492,7 @@
 /// attr Rectangle::width
 /// def Rectangle::Rectangle() { this.height = 10; this.width = 20 }
 /// def Rectangle::area() { this.height * this.width }
-/// 
+///
 /// var rect = Rectangle()
 /// rect.height = 30
 /// print(rect.area())
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@
 
 /// @page LangInPlaceRef ChaiScript Language In-Place Creation Reference
 /// @section inplacevector Vector
-/// 
+///
 /// ~~~~~~~~~
 /// In-place Vector ::= "[" [expression ("," expression)*]  "]"
 /// ~~~~~~~~~
@@ -537,9 +538,9 @@
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 
 /// @page LangGettingStarted ChaiScript Language Getting Started
-/// 
+///
 /// ChaiScript is a simple language that should feel familiar to anyone who knows
-/// C++ or ECMAScript (JavaScript). 
+/// C++ or ECMAScript (JavaScript).
 ///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
@@ -571,10 +572,10 @@
 /// @section chaiscriptifs Conditionals
 ///
 /// If statements work as expected
-/// 
+///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 /// var b = true;
-/// 
+///
 /// if (b) {
 ///   // do something
 /// } else if (c < 10) {
@@ -589,9 +590,9 @@
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @section chaiscriptfunctions Functions
-/// 
+///
 /// Functions are defined with the def keyword
-/// 
+///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 /// def myfun(x) { print(x); }
 ///
@@ -608,7 +609,7 @@
 /// eval> myfun2(12)
 /// 10 or greater
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// @sa @ref keyworddef
 /// @sa @ref keywordattr
 /// @sa @ref LangObjectSystemRef
@@ -616,7 +617,7 @@
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @section chaiscriptfunctionobjects Function Objects
-/// 
+///
 /// Functions are first class types in ChaiScript and can be used as variables.
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
@@ -624,8 +625,8 @@
 /// eval> p(1);
 /// 1
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
-/// They can also be passed to functions. 
+///
+/// They can also be passed to functions.
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 /// eval> def callfunc(f, lhs, rhs) { return f(lhs, rhs); }
@@ -635,7 +636,7 @@
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
 /// Operators can also be treated as functions by using the back tick operator. Building on the above example:
-/// 
+///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 /// eval> callfunc(`+`, 1, 4);
 /// 5
@@ -648,7 +649,6 @@
 /// @sa @ref LangKeywordRef
 /// @sa ChaiScript_Language for Built in Functions
 
-
 /// @page LangKeywordRef ChaiScript Language Keyword Reference
 ///
 ///
@@ -656,8 +656,8 @@
 ///
 /// @section keywordattr attr
 /// Defines a ChaiScript object attribute
-/// 
-/// ~~~~~~~~ 
+///
+/// ~~~~~~~~
 /// Attribute Definition ::= "attr" class_name "::" attribute_name
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
 /// @sa @ref keywordfor
-/// @sa @ref keywordwhile 
+/// @sa @ref keywordwhile
 ///
 ///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -695,11 +695,10 @@
 /// Begins a function or method definition
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// Function Definition ::= [annotation + CR/LF] "def" identifier "(" [[type] arg ("," [type] arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
-/// Method Definition ::= [annotation + CR/LF] "def" class_name "::" method_name "(" [[type] arg ("," [type] arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
+/// Function Definition ::= "def" identifier "(" [[type] arg ("," [type] arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
+/// Method Definition ::= "def" class_name "::" method_name "(" [[type] arg ("," [type] arg)*] ")" [":" guard] block
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
-/// annotation: meta-annotation on function, currently used as documentation. Optional.
+///
 /// identifier: name of function. Required.
 /// args: comma-delimited list of parameter names with optional type specifiers. Optional.
 /// guards: guarding statement that act as a prerequisite for the function. Optional.
@@ -719,7 +718,7 @@
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @section keywordelse else
-/// @sa @ref keywordif 
+/// @sa @ref keywordif
 ///
 ///
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -759,7 +758,7 @@
 /// Else If Block ::= "else if" "(" condition ")" block
 /// Else Block ::= "else" block
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// 
+///
 /// _Example_
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
@@ -777,8 +776,8 @@
 ///
 /// @section keywordtry try
 /// ~~~~~~~~
-/// Try Block ::= "try" block 
-///  ("catch" ["(" [type] variable ")"] [":" guards] block)+ 
+/// Try Block ::= "try" block
+///  ("catch" ["(" [type] variable ")"] [":" guards] block)+
 ///    ["finally" block]
 /// ~~~~~~~~
 ///
@@ -788,7 +787,7 @@
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @section keywordwhile while
-/// 
+///
 /// Begins a conditional block of code that loops 0 or more times, as long as the condition is true
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
@@ -801,7 +800,7 @@
 /// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ///
 /// @section keywordvar var
-/// 
+///
 /// Defines a variable
 ///
 /// ~~~~~~~~
@@ -810,23 +809,31 @@
 ///
 /// Synonym for @ref keywordauto
 
-
 /// @namespace chaiscript
 /// @brief Namespace chaiscript contains every API call that the average user will be concerned with.
 
 /// @namespace chaiscript::detail
 /// @brief Classes and functions reserved for internal use. Items in this namespace are not supported.
 
-#include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
-
-#include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/function_call.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp"
-
-#include "language/chaiscript_eval.hpp"
-#include "language/chaiscript_engine.hpp"
-
+#include "chaiscript_basic.hpp"
+#include "chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
 
+namespace chaiscript {
+  class ChaiScript : public ChaiScript_Basic {
+  public:
+    ChaiScript(std::vector<std::string> t_modulepaths = {},
+               std::vector<std::string> t_usepaths = {},
+               std::vector<Options> t_opts = chaiscript::default_options(),
+               std::vector<Library_Options> t_lib_opts = {})
+        : ChaiScript_Basic(chaiscript::Std_Lib::library(t_lib_opts),
+                           std::make_unique<parser::ChaiScript_Parser<eval::Noop_Tracer, optimizer::Optimizer_Default>>(),
+                           std::move(t_modulepaths),
+                           std::move(t_usepaths),
+                           std::move(t_opts),
+                           std::find(t_lib_opts.begin(), t_lib_opts.end(), Library_Options::No_IO) != t_lib_opts.end()) {
+    }
+  };
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif /* CHAISCRIPT_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_basic.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BASIC_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_BASIC_HPP_
+
+#include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+
+#include "dispatchkit/boxed_number.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/function_call.hpp"
+
+#include "language/chaiscript_engine.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_eval.hpp"
+
+// This file includes all of the basic requirements for ChaiScript,
+// to use, you might do something like:
+//
+
+/*
+
+#include "chaiscript_stdlib.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_parser.hpp"
+
+ChaiScript_Basic chai(
+          chaiscript::Std_Lib::library(),
+          std::make_unique<parser::ChaiScript_Parser<eval::Noop_Tracer, optimizer::Optimizer_Default>>());
+
+*/
+
+// If you want a fully packaged ready to go ChaiScript, use chaiscript.hpp
+
+#endif /* CHAISCRIPT_BASIC_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_defines.hpp

@@ -1,27 +1,39 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DEFINES_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DEFINES_HPP_
 
+// MacOSX Fix: std::get/std::get_if/std::visit for std::variant are annotated
+// __attribute__((availability(macos,strict,introduced=10.14))) in Apple libc++.
+// Defining this macro before any libc++ header strips those annotations so
+// ChaiScript can be built against older MacOSX deployment targets.
+#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__clang__)
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_DISABLE_AVAILABILITY
+#define _LIBCPP_DISABLE_AVAILABILITY
+#endif
+#endif
+
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE(x) "" #x
+#define CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE_EXPANDED(x) CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE(x)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION CHAISCRIPT_STRINGIZE_EXPANDED(_MSC_FULL_VER)
 #define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC _MSC_VER
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_DECLSPEC
-#if _MSC_VER <= 1800
-#define CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_MAGIC_STATICS
+
+static_assert(_MSC_FULL_VER >= 190024210, "Visual C++ 2015 Update 3 or later required");
+
+#else
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION __VERSION__
 #endif
 
+#include <string_view>
 #include <vector>
 
-#if defined( _LIBCPP_VERSION )
+#if defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
 #define CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP
 #endif
 
@@ -29,54 +41,217 @@
 #define CHAISCRIPT_WINDOWS
 #endif
 
-#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 8) || (defined(__llvm__) && !defined(CHAISCRIPT_LIBCPP))  
-/// Currently only g++>=4.8 supports this natively
-/// \todo Make this support other compilers when possible
-#define CHAISCRIPT_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL
-#endif
-
-#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ == 6)
-#define CHAISCRIPT_GCC_4_6
-#endif
-
-#if (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ > 4) || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 7) || defined(CHAISCRIPT_MSVC) || defined(__llvm__)
-#define CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE override
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#if defined(__llvm__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "clang(windows)"
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "gcc(mingw)"
 #else
-#define CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "msvc"
+#endif
+#else
+#if defined(__llvm__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "clang"
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "gcc"
+#else
+#define CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME "unknown"
+#endif
 #endif
 
+#if defined(__llvm__)
+#define CHAISCRIPT_CLANG
+#endif
 
-#ifdef  CHAISCRIPT_HAS_DECLSPEC
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_HAS_DECLSPEC
 #define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" __declspec(dllexport)
 #else
-#define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C" 
+#define CHAISCRIPT_MODULE_EXPORT extern "C"
 #endif
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC_12
-#define CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT throw()
-#define CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR 
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DEBUG true
 #else
-#define CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT noexcept
-#define CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR constexpr
+#define CHAISCRIPT_DEBUG false
 #endif
 
+#include <cmath>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-  static const int version_major = 5;
-  static const int version_minor = 7;
-  static const int version_patch = 2;
+  constexpr static const int version_major = 7;
+  constexpr static const int version_minor = 0;
+  constexpr static const int version_patch = 0;
 
-  template<typename B, typename D, typename ...Arg>
-  inline std::shared_ptr<B> make_shared(Arg && ... arg)
-  {
+  constexpr static const char *compiler_version = CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_VERSION;
+  constexpr static const char *compiler_name = CHAISCRIPT_COMPILER_NAME;
+  constexpr static const bool debug_build = CHAISCRIPT_DEBUG;
+
+  template<typename B, typename D, typename... Arg>
+  inline std::shared_ptr<B> make_shared(Arg &&...arg) {
 #ifdef CHAISCRIPT_USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED
     return std::make_shared<D>(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...);
 #else
-    return std::shared_ptr<B>(static_cast<B*>(new D(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...)));
+    return std::shared_ptr<B>(static_cast<B *>(new D(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...)));
 #endif
   }
 
-}
+  template<typename B, typename D, typename... Arg>
+  inline std::unique_ptr<B> make_unique(Arg &&...arg) {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_USE_STD_MAKE_SHARED
+    return std::make_unique<D>(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...);
+#else
+    return std::unique_ptr<B>(static_cast<B *>(new D(std::forward<Arg>(arg)...)));
 #endif
+  }
 
+  struct Build_Info {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr static int version_major() noexcept { return chaiscript::version_major; }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr static int version_minor() noexcept { return chaiscript::version_minor; }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr static int version_patch() noexcept { return chaiscript::version_patch; }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::string version() {
+      return std::to_string(version_major()) + '.' + std::to_string(version_minor()) + '.' + std::to_string(version_patch());
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::string compiler_id() { return compiler_name() + '-' + compiler_version(); }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::string build_id() { return compiler_id() + (debug_build() ? "-Debug" : "-Release"); }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::string compiler_version() { return chaiscript::compiler_version; }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::string compiler_name() { return chaiscript::compiler_name; }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr static bool debug_build() noexcept { return chaiscript::debug_build; }
+  };
+
+  template<typename T>
+  [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto parse_num(const std::string_view t_str) noexcept -> typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<T>::value, T>::type {
+    T t = 0;
+    for (const auto c : t_str) {
+      if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
+        return t;
+      }
+      t *= 10;
+      t += c - '0';
+    }
+    return t;
+  }
+
+  template<typename T>
+  [[nodiscard]] auto parse_num(const std::string_view t_str) -> typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<T>::value, T>::type {
+    T t = 0;
+    T base{};
+    T decimal_place = 0;
+    int exponent = 0;
+
+    for (const auto c : t_str) {
+      switch (c) {
+        case '.':
+          decimal_place = 10;
+          break;
+        case 'e':
+        case 'E':
+          exponent = 1;
+          decimal_place = 0;
+          base = t;
+          t = 0;
+          break;
+        case '-':
+          exponent = -1;
+          break;
+        case '+':
+          break;
+        case '0':
+        case '1':
+        case '2':
+        case '3':
+        case '4':
+        case '5':
+        case '6':
+        case '7':
+        case '8':
+        case '9':
+          if (decimal_place < 10) {
+            t *= 10;
+            t += static_cast<T>(c - '0');
+          } else {
+            t += static_cast<T>(c - '0') / decimal_place;
+            decimal_place *= 10;
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+    return exponent ? base * std::pow(T(10), t * static_cast<T>(exponent)) : t;
+  }
+
+  struct str_equal {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator()(const std::string &t_lhs, const std::string &t_rhs) const noexcept { return t_lhs == t_rhs; }
+    template<typename LHS, typename RHS>
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool operator()(const LHS &t_lhs, const RHS &t_rhs) const noexcept {
+      return std::equal(t_lhs.begin(), t_lhs.end(), t_rhs.begin(), t_rhs.end());
+    }
+    struct is_transparent {
+    };
+  };
+
+  struct str_less {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator()(const std::string &t_lhs, const std::string &t_rhs) const noexcept { return t_lhs < t_rhs; }
+    template<typename LHS, typename RHS>
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool operator()(const LHS &t_lhs, const RHS &t_rhs) const noexcept {
+      return std::lexicographical_compare(t_lhs.begin(), t_lhs.end(), t_rhs.begin(), t_rhs.end());
+    }
+    struct is_transparent {
+    };
+  };
+
+  enum class Options {
+    No_Load_Modules,
+    Load_Modules,
+    No_External_Scripts,
+    External_Scripts
+  };
+
+  enum class Library_Options {
+    No_Stdlib,
+    No_IO,
+    No_Prelude,
+    No_JSON
+  };
+
+  template<typename From, typename To>
+  struct is_nothrow_forward_constructible : std::bool_constant<noexcept(To{std::declval<From>()})> {
+  };
+
+  template<class From, class To>
+  static inline constexpr bool is_nothrow_forward_constructible_v = is_nothrow_forward_constructible<From, To>::value;
+
+  template<typename Container, typename... T>
+  [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto make_container(T &&...t) {
+    Container c;
+    c.reserve(sizeof...(t));
+    (c.push_back(std::forward<T>(t)), ...);
+    return c;
+  }
+
+  template<typename... T>
+  [[nodiscard]] auto make_vector(T &&...t) -> std::vector<std::common_type_t<std::decay_t<T>...>> {
+    using container_type = std::vector<std::common_type_t<std::decay_t<T>...>>;
+
+    return make_container<container_type>(std::forward<T>(t)...);
+  }
+
+  [[nodiscard]] inline std::vector<Options> default_options() {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_NO_DYNLOAD
+    return {Options::No_Load_Modules, Options::External_Scripts};
+#else
+    return {Options::Load_Modules, Options::External_Scripts};
+#endif
+  }
+} // namespace chaiscript
+#endif

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_stdlib.hpp

@@ -14,53 +14,64 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "chaiscript_defines.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_common.hpp"
+
+#include "dispatchkit/function_call.hpp"
+
+// #include "dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/bootstrap.hpp"
 #include "dispatchkit/bootstrap_stl.hpp"
-#include "dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "language/chaiscript_prelude.chai"
+#include "dispatchkit/operators.hpp"
+// #include "dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "dispatchkit/register_function.hpp"
+#include "language/chaiscript_prelude.hpp"
 #include "utility/json_wrap.hpp"
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
 #include <future>
 #endif
 
-
 /// @file
 ///
 /// This file generates the standard library that normal ChaiScript usage requires.
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  class Std_Lib
-  {
-    public:
-
-      static ModulePtr library()
-      {
-        using namespace bootstrap;
-
-        ModulePtr lib = Bootstrap::bootstrap();
-
-        lib->add(standard_library::vector_type<std::vector<Boxed_Value> >("Vector"));
-        lib->add(standard_library::string_type<std::string>("string"));
-        lib->add(standard_library::map_type<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> >("Map"));
-        lib->add(standard_library::pair_type<std::pair<Boxed_Value, Boxed_Value > >("Pair"));
-
-#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
-        lib->add(standard_library::future_type<std::future<chaiscript::Boxed_Value>>("future"));
-        lib->add(chaiscript::fun([](const std::function<chaiscript::Boxed_Value ()> &t_func){ return std::async(std::launch::async, t_func);}), "async");
-#endif
-
-        lib->add(json_wrap::library());
-
-        lib->eval(ChaiScript_Prelude::chaiscript_prelude() /*, "standard prelude"*/ );
-
-        return lib;
+namespace chaiscript {
+  class Std_Lib {
+  public:
+    [[nodiscard]] static ModulePtr library(const std::vector<Library_Options> &t_opts = {}) {
+      if (std::find(t_opts.begin(), t_opts.end(), Library_Options::No_Stdlib) != t_opts.end()) {
+        return std::make_shared<Module>();
       }
 
-  };
-}
+      auto lib = std::make_shared<Module>();
 
+      const bool no_prelude = std::find(t_opts.begin(), t_opts.end(), Library_Options::No_Prelude) != t_opts.end();
+      const bool no_json = std::find(t_opts.begin(), t_opts.end(), Library_Options::No_JSON) != t_opts.end();
+
+      bootstrap::Bootstrap::bootstrap(*lib);
+
+      bootstrap::standard_library::vector_type<std::vector<Boxed_Value>>("Vector", *lib);
+      bootstrap::standard_library::string_type<std::string>("string", *lib);
+      bootstrap::standard_library::map_type<std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value>>("Map", *lib);
+      bootstrap::standard_library::pair_type<std::pair<Boxed_Value, Boxed_Value>>("Pair", *lib);
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
+      bootstrap::standard_library::future_type<std::future<chaiscript::Boxed_Value>>("future", *lib);
+      // Note: async() is registered in ChaiScript_Basic::build_eval_system()
+      // with thread tracking to prevent heap-use-after-free on engine destruction.
 #endif
 
+      if (!no_json) {
+        json_wrap::library(*lib);
+      }
+
+      if (!no_prelude) {
+        lib->eval(ChaiScript_Prelude::chaiscript_prelude() /*, "standard prelude"*/);
+      }
+
+      return lib;
+    }
+  };
+} // namespace chaiscript
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/chaiscript_threading.hpp

@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_THREADING_HPP_
 
-
 #include <unordered_map>
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
-#include <thread>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <shared_mutex>
+#include <thread>
 #else
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS_WARNING
-#pragma message ("ChaiScript is compiling without thread safety.")
+#pragma message("ChaiScript is compiling without thread safety.")
 #endif
 #endif
 
@@ -29,213 +32,102 @@
 /// It also has the side effect that the chaiscript::ChaiScript object may not be accessed from more than
 /// one thread simultaneously.
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace detail
-  {
-    /// If threading is enabled, then this namespace contains std thread classes.
-    /// If threading is not enabled, then stubbed in wrappers that do nothing are provided.
-    /// This allows us to avoid \#ifdef code in the sections that need thread safety.
-    namespace threading
-    {
-
+/// If threading is enabled, then this namespace contains std thread classes.
+/// If threading is not enabled, then stubbed in wrappers that do nothing are provided.
+/// This allows us to avoid \#ifdef code in the sections that need thread safety.
+namespace chaiscript::detail::threading {
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_NO_THREADS
 
-      template<typename T>
-      class unique_lock : public std::unique_lock<T>
-      {
-        public:
-          unique_lock(T &t) : std::unique_lock<T>(t) {}
-      };
+  template<typename T>
+  using unique_lock = std::unique_lock<T>;
 
-      template<typename T>
-      class shared_lock : public std::unique_lock<T>
-      {
-        public:
-          shared_lock(T &t) : std::unique_lock<T>(t) {}
-          void unlock() {}
-      };
+  template<typename T>
+  using shared_lock = std::shared_lock<T>;
 
-      template<typename T>
-      class lock_guard : public std::lock_guard<T>
-      {
-        public:
-          lock_guard(T &t) : std::lock_guard<T>(t) {}
-      };
+  template<typename T>
+  using lock_guard = std::lock_guard<T>;
 
-      class shared_mutex : public std::mutex { };
+  using std::shared_mutex;
 
-      using std::mutex;
+  using std::mutex;
 
-      using std::recursive_mutex;
+  using std::recursive_mutex;
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL
-      /// Typesafe thread specific storage. If threading is enabled, this class uses a mutex protected map. If
-      /// threading is not enabled, the class always returns the same data, regardless of which thread it is called from.
-      template<typename T>
-        class Thread_Storage
-        {
-          public:
+  /// Typesafe thread specific storage. If threading is enabled, this class uses a mutex protected map. If
+  /// threading is not enabled, the class always returns the same data, regardless of which thread it is called from.
+  template<typename T>
+  class Thread_Storage {
+  public:
+    Thread_Storage() = default;
+    Thread_Storage(const Thread_Storage &) = delete;
+    Thread_Storage(Thread_Storage &&) = delete;
+    Thread_Storage &operator=(const Thread_Storage &) = delete;
+    Thread_Storage &operator=(Thread_Storage &&) = delete;
 
-            Thread_Storage(void *t_key)
-              : m_key(t_key)
-            {
-            }
+    ~Thread_Storage() { t().erase(this); }
 
-            ~Thread_Storage()
-            {
-              t().erase(m_key);
-            }
+    inline const T *operator->() const noexcept { return &(t()[this]); }
 
-            inline const T *operator->() const
-            {
-              return &(t()[m_key]);
-            }
+    inline const T &operator*() const noexcept { return t()[this]; }
 
-            inline const T &operator*() const
-            {
-              return t()[m_key];
-            }
+    inline T *operator->() noexcept { return &(t()[this]); }
 
-            inline T *operator->()
-            {
-              return &(t()[m_key]);
-            }
+    inline T &operator*() noexcept { return t()[this]; }
 
-            inline T &operator*()
-            {
-              return t()[m_key];
-            }
+    void *m_key;
 
-
-            void *m_key;
-
-          private:
-            static std::unordered_map<void*, T> &t()
-            {
-              thread_local static std::unordered_map<void *, T> my_t;
-              return my_t;
-            }
-        };
-
-#else
-
-      /// Typesafe thread specific storage. If threading is enabled, this class uses a mutex protected map. If
-      /// threading is not enabled, the class always returns the same data, regardless of which thread it is called from.
-      /// 
-      /// This version is used if the compiler does not support thread_local
-      template<typename T>
-        class Thread_Storage
-        {
-          public:
-
-            Thread_Storage(void *)
-            {
-            }
-
-            inline const T *operator->() const
-            {
-              return get_tls().get();
-            }
-
-            inline const T &operator*() const
-            {
-              return *get_tls();
-            }
-
-            inline T *operator->()
-            {
-              return get_tls().get();
-            }
-
-            inline T &operator*()
-            {
-              return *get_tls();
-            }
-
-
-          private:
-            /// \todo this leaks thread instances. It needs to be culled from time to time
-            std::shared_ptr<T> get_tls() const
-            {
-              unique_lock<mutex> lock(m_mutex);
-
-              auto itr = m_instances.find(std::this_thread::get_id());
-
-              if (itr != m_instances.end()) { return itr->second; }
-
-              std::shared_ptr<T> new_instance(std::make_shared<T>());
-
-              m_instances.insert(std::make_pair(std::this_thread::get_id(), new_instance));
-
-              return new_instance;
-            }
-
-
-            mutable mutex m_mutex;
-            mutable std::unordered_map<std::thread::id, std::shared_ptr<T> > m_instances;
-        };
-#endif // threading enabled but no tls
+  private:
+    /// todo: is it valid to make this noexcept? The allocation could fail, but if it
+    /// does there is no possible way to recover
+    static std::unordered_map<const void *, T> &t() noexcept {
+      static thread_local std::unordered_map<const void *, T> my_t;
+      return my_t;
+    }
+  };
 
 #else // threading disabled
-      template<typename T>
-      class unique_lock 
-      {
-        public:
-          unique_lock(T &) {}
-          void lock() {}
-          void unlock() {}
-      };
+  template<typename T>
+  class unique_lock {
+  public:
+    constexpr explicit unique_lock(T &) noexcept {}
+    constexpr void lock() noexcept {}
+    constexpr void unlock() noexcept {}
+  };
 
-      template<typename T>
-      class shared_lock 
-      {
-        public:
-          shared_lock(T &) {}
-          void lock() {}
-          void unlock() {}
-      };
+  template<typename T>
+  class shared_lock {
+  public:
+    constexpr explicit shared_lock(T &) noexcept {}
+    constexpr void lock() noexcept {}
+    constexpr void unlock() noexcept {}
+  };
 
-      template<typename T>
-      class lock_guard 
-      {
-        public:
-          lock_guard(T &) {}
-      };
+  template<typename T>
+  class lock_guard {
+  public:
+    constexpr explicit lock_guard(T &) noexcept {}
+  };
 
-      class shared_mutex { };
+  class shared_mutex {
+  };
 
-      class recursive_mutex {};
+  class recursive_mutex {
+  };
 
+  template<typename T>
+  class Thread_Storage {
+  public:
+    constexpr explicit Thread_Storage() noexcept {}
 
-      template<typename T>
-        class Thread_Storage
-        {
-          public:
-            Thread_Storage(void *)
-            {
-            }
+    constexpr inline T *operator->() const noexcept { return &obj; }
 
-            inline T *operator->() const
-            {
-              return &obj;
-            }
+    constexpr inline T &operator*() const noexcept { return obj; }
 
-            inline T &operator*() const
-            {
-              return obj;
-            }
-
-          private:
-            mutable T obj;
-        };
+  private:
+    mutable T obj;
+  };
 
 #endif
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-
+} // namespace chaiscript::detail::threading
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/any.hpp

@@ -11,165 +11,105 @@
 
 namespace chaiscript {
   namespace detail {
-    namespace exception
-    {
+    namespace exception {
       /// \brief Thrown in the event that an Any cannot be cast to the desired type
       ///
       /// It is used internally during function dispatch.
       ///
       /// \sa chaiscript::detail::Any
-      class bad_any_cast : public std::bad_cast
-      {
-        public:
-          bad_any_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-            : m_what("bad any cast")
-          {
-          }
-
-          bad_any_cast(const bad_any_cast &) = default;
-
-          virtual ~bad_any_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
-
-          /// \brief Description of what error occurred
-          virtual const char * what() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return m_what.c_str();
-          }
-
-        private:
-          std::string m_what;
+      class bad_any_cast : public std::bad_cast {
+      public:
+        /// \brief Description of what error occurred
+        const char *what() const noexcept override { return "bad any cast"; }
       };
-    }
-  
+    } // namespace exception
 
     class Any {
-      private:
-        struct Data
-        {
-          Data(const std::type_info &t_type) 
-            : m_type(t_type)
-          {
-          }
-
-          Data &operator=(const Data &) = delete;
-
-          virtual ~Data() {}
-
-          virtual void *data() = 0;
-          const std::type_info &type() const
-          {
-            return m_type;
-          }
-
-          virtual std::unique_ptr<Data> clone() const = 0;
-          const std::type_info &m_type;
-        };
-
-        template<typename T>
-          struct Data_Impl : Data
-          {
-            explicit Data_Impl(T t_type)
-              : Data(typeid(T)),
-                m_data(std::move(t_type))
-            {
-            }
-
-            virtual ~Data_Impl() {}
-
-            virtual void *data() CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-            {
-              return &m_data;
-            }
-
-            std::unique_ptr<Data> clone() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-            {
-              return std::unique_ptr<Data>(new Data_Impl<T>(m_data));
-            }
-
-            Data_Impl &operator=(const Data_Impl&) = delete;
-
-            T m_data;
-          };
-
-        std::unique_ptr<Data> m_data;
-
-      public:
-        // construct/copy/destruct
-        Any() = default;
-
-        Any(const Any &t_any) 
-        { 
-          if (!t_any.empty())
-          {
-            m_data = t_any.m_data->clone(); 
-          } else {
-            m_data.reset();
-          }
+    private:
+      struct Data {
+        constexpr explicit Data(const std::type_info &t_type) noexcept
+            : m_type(t_type) {
         }
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER  != 1800
-        Any(Any &&) = default;
-        Any &operator=(Any &&t_any) = default;
-#endif
+        Data &operator=(const Data &) = delete;
 
-        template<typename ValueType,
-          typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<Any, typename std::decay<ValueType>::type>::value>::type>
-        explicit Any(ValueType &&t_value)
-          : m_data(std::unique_ptr<Data>(new Data_Impl<typename std::decay<ValueType>::type>(std::forward<ValueType>(t_value))))
-        {
+        virtual ~Data() noexcept = default;
+
+        virtual void *data() noexcept = 0;
+
+        const std::type_info &type() const noexcept { return m_type; }
+
+        virtual std::unique_ptr<Data> clone() const = 0;
+        const std::type_info &m_type;
+      };
+
+      template<typename T>
+      struct Data_Impl : Data {
+        explicit Data_Impl(T t_type)
+            : Data(typeid(T))
+            , m_data(std::move(t_type)) {
         }
 
+        void *data() noexcept override { return &m_data; }
 
-        Any & operator=(const Any &t_any)
-        {
-          Any copy(t_any);
-          swap(copy);
-          return *this; 
+        std::unique_ptr<Data> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Data_Impl<T>>(m_data); }
+
+        Data_Impl &operator=(const Data_Impl &) = delete;
+
+        T m_data;
+      };
+
+      std::unique_ptr<Data> m_data;
+
+    public:
+      // construct/copy/destruct
+      constexpr Any() noexcept = default;
+      Any(Any &&) noexcept = default;
+      Any &operator=(Any &&t_any) = default;
+
+      Any(const Any &t_any)
+          : m_data(t_any.empty() ? nullptr : t_any.m_data->clone()) {
+      }
+
+      template<typename ValueType, typename = std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Any, std::decay_t<ValueType>>>>
+      explicit Any(ValueType &&t_value)
+          : m_data(std::make_unique<Data_Impl<std::decay_t<ValueType>>>(std::forward<ValueType>(t_value))) {
+      }
+
+      Any &operator=(const Any &t_any) {
+        Any copy(t_any);
+        swap(copy);
+        return *this;
+      }
+
+      template<typename ToType>
+      ToType &cast() const {
+        if (m_data && typeid(ToType) == m_data->type()) {
+          return *static_cast<ToType *>(m_data->data());
+        } else {
+          throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
         }
+      }
 
-        template<typename ToType>
-          ToType &cast() const
-          {
-            if (m_data && typeid(ToType) == m_data->type())
-            {
-              return *static_cast<ToType *>(m_data->data());
-            } else {
-              throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
-            }
-          }
+      // modifiers
+      Any &swap(Any &t_other) {
+        std::swap(t_other.m_data, m_data);
+        return *this;
+      }
 
+      // queries
+      bool empty() const noexcept { return !static_cast<bool>(m_data); }
 
-        ~Any()
-        {
-        }
-
-        // modifiers
-        Any & swap(Any &t_other)
-        {
-          std::swap(t_other.m_data, m_data);
-          return *this;
-        }
-
-        // queries
-        bool empty() const
-        {
-          return !bool(m_data);
-        }
-
-        const std::type_info & type() const
-        {
-          if (m_data)
-          {
-            return m_data->type();
-          } else {
-            return typeid(void);
-          }
+      const std::type_info &type() const noexcept {
+        if (m_data) {
+          return m_data->type();
+        } else {
+          return typeid(void);
         }
+      }
     };
 
-  }
-}
+  } // namespace detail
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bad_boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BAD_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BAD_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 
@@ -11,59 +14,51 @@
 #include <typeinfo>
 
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "../utility/static_string.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-class Type_Info;
-}  // namespace chaiscript
+  class Type_Info;
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
-namespace chaiscript 
-{
-  namespace exception
-  {
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace exception {
     /// \brief Thrown in the event that a Boxed_Value cannot be cast to the desired type
     ///
     /// It is used internally during function dispatch and may be used by the end user.
     ///
     /// \sa chaiscript::boxed_cast
-    class bad_boxed_cast : public std::bad_cast
-    {
-      public:
-        bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to,
-            std::string t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-          : from(std::move(t_from)), to(&t_to), m_what(std::move(t_what))
-        {
-        }
+    class bad_boxed_cast : public std::bad_cast {
+    public:
+      bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to, utility::Static_String t_what) noexcept
+          : from(t_from)
+          , to(&t_to)
+          , m_what(std::move(t_what)) {
+      }
 
-        bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to)
-          : from(std::move(t_from)), to(&t_to), m_what("Cannot perform boxed_cast: " + t_from.name() + " to: " + t_to.name())
-        {
-        }
+      bad_boxed_cast(Type_Info t_from, const std::type_info &t_to) noexcept
+          : from(t_from)
+          , to(&t_to)
+          , m_what("Cannot perform boxed_cast") {
+      }
 
-        bad_boxed_cast(std::string t_what) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-          : to(nullptr), m_what(std::move(t_what))
-        {
-        }
+      explicit bad_boxed_cast(utility::Static_String t_what) noexcept
+          : m_what(std::move(t_what)) {
+      }
 
-        bad_boxed_cast(const bad_boxed_cast &) = default;
-        virtual ~bad_boxed_cast() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      bad_boxed_cast(const bad_boxed_cast &) noexcept = default;
+      ~bad_boxed_cast() noexcept override = default;
 
-        /// \brief Description of what error occurred
-        virtual const char * what() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          return m_what.c_str();
-        }
+      /// \brief Description of what error occurred
+      const char *what() const noexcept override { return m_what.c_str(); }
 
-        Type_Info from; ///< Type_Info contained in the Boxed_Value
-        const std::type_info *to; ///< std::type_info of the desired (but failed) result type
+      Type_Info from; ///< Type_Info contained in the Boxed_Value
+      const std::type_info *to = nullptr; ///< std::type_info of the desired (but failed) result type
 
-      private:
-        std::string m_what;
+    private:
+      utility::Static_String m_what;
     };
-  }
-}
-
-
+  } // namespace exception
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/bind_first.hpp

@@ -1,74 +1,60 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BIND_FIRST_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BIND_FIRST_HPP_
 
 #include <functional>
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace detail
-  {
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace detail {
+    template<typename T>
+    constexpr T *get_pointer(T *t) noexcept {
+      return t;
+    }
 
     template<typename T>
-      T* get_pointer(T *t)
-      {
-        return t;
-      }
+    T *get_pointer(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &t) noexcept {
+      return &t.get();
+    }
 
-    template<typename T>
-      T* get_pointer(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &t)
-      {
-        return &t.get();
-      }
+    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename... Param>
+    constexpr auto bind_first(Ret (*f)(P1, Param...), O &&o) {
+      return [f, o = std::forward<O>(o)](Param... param) -> Ret { return f(o, std::forward<Param>(param)...); };
+    }
 
-    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename ... Param>
-      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (*f)(P1, Param...), O&& o)
-      {
-        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
-            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
-              return f(std::forward<O>(o), std::forward<Param>(param)...);
-            }
-          );
-      }
+    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+    constexpr auto bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...), O &&o) {
+      return [f, o = std::forward<O>(o)](Param... param) -> Ret { return (get_pointer(o)->*f)(std::forward<Param>(param)...); };
+    }
 
-    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
-      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...), O&& o)
-      {
-        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
-            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
-              return (get_pointer(o)->*f)(std::forward<Param>(param)...);
-            }
-          );
-      }
+    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+    constexpr auto bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const, O &&o) {
+      return [f, o = std::forward<O>(o)](Param... param) -> Ret { return (get_pointer(o)->*f)(std::forward<Param>(param)...); };
+    }
 
-    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
-      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const, O&& o)
-      {
-        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
-            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
-              return (get_pointer(o)->*f)(std::forward<Param>(param)...);
-            }
-          );
+    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename... Param>
+    auto bind_first(const std::function<Ret(P1, Param...)> &f, O &&o) {
+      return [f, o = std::forward<O>(o)](Param... param) -> Ret { return f(o, std::forward<Param>(param)...); };
+    }
 
-      }
+    template<typename F, typename O, typename Ret, typename Class, typename P1, typename... Param>
+    constexpr auto bind_first(const F &fo, O &&o, Ret (Class::*f)(P1, Param...) const) {
+      return [fo, o = std::forward<O>(o), f](Param... param) -> Ret { return (fo.*f)(o, std::forward<Param>(param)...); };
+    }
 
-    template<typename O, typename Ret, typename P1, typename ... Param>
-      std::function<Ret (Param...)> bind_first(const std::function<Ret (P1, Param...)> &f, O&& o)
-      {
-        return std::function<Ret (Param...)>(
-            [f, o](Param...param) -> Ret {
-              return f(o, std::forward<Param>(param)...);
-            });
-      }
-
-
-  }
-}
+    template<typename F, typename O>
+    constexpr auto bind_first(const F &f, O &&o) {
+      return bind_first(f, std::forward<O>(o), &F::operator());
+    }
 
+  } // namespace detail
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HPP_
 
@@ -15,23 +18,19 @@
 #include "type_info.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-class Type_Conversions;
-namespace detail {
-namespace exception {
-class bad_any_cast;
-}  // namespace exception
-}  // namespace detail
-}  // namespace chaiscript
+  class Type_Conversions;
+}
+namespace chaiscript::detail::exception {
+  class bad_any_cast;
+} // namespace chaiscript::detail::exception
 
-namespace chaiscript 
-{
- 
+namespace chaiscript {
   /// \brief Function for extracting a value stored in a Boxed_Value object
   /// \tparam Type The type to extract from the Boxed_Value
   /// \param[in] bv The Boxed_Value to extract a typed value from
-  /// \returns Type equivalent to the requested type 
+  /// \returns Type equivalent to the requested type
   /// \throws exception::bad_boxed_cast If the requested conversion is not possible
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// boxed_cast will attempt to make conversions between value, &, *, std::shared_ptr, std::reference_wrapper,
   /// and std::function (const and non-const) where possible. boxed_cast is used internally during function
   /// dispatch. This means that all of these conversions will be attempted automatically for you during
@@ -63,49 +62,41 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// std::function conversion example
   /// \code
   /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  /// Boxed_Value bv = chai.eval("`+`"); // Get the functor for the + operator which is built in 
+  /// Boxed_Value bv = chai.eval("`+`"); // Get the functor for the + operator which is built in
   /// std::function<int (int, int)> f = chaiscript::boxed_cast<std::function<int (int, int)> >(bv);
   /// int i = f(2,3);
   /// assert(i == 5);
   /// \endcode
   template<typename Type>
-  typename detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::Result_Type boxed_cast(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions = nullptr)
-  {
-    if (!t_conversions || bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Type>()) || (t_conversions && !t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())) {
+  decltype(auto) boxed_cast(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions = nullptr) {
+    if (!t_conversions || bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Type>()) || (t_conversions && !(*t_conversions)->convertable_type<Type>())) {
       try {
         return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(bv, t_conversions);
       } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
       }
     }
 
-
-    if (t_conversions && t_conversions->convertable_type<Type>())
-    {
+    if (t_conversions && (*t_conversions)->convertable_type<Type>()) {
       try {
-        // std::cout << "trying an up conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << '\n';
         // We will not catch any bad_boxed_dynamic_cast that is thrown, let the user get it
         // either way, we are not responsible if it doesn't work
-        return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
+        return (detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast((*t_conversions)->boxed_type_conversion<Type>(t_conversions->saves(), bv), t_conversions));
       } catch (...) {
         try {
-        //  std::cout << "trying a down conversion " << typeid(Type).name() << '\n';
-          // try going the other way - down the inheritance graph
-          return detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast(t_conversions->boxed_type_down_conversion<Type>(bv), t_conversions);
+          // try going the other way
+          return (detail::Cast_Helper<Type>::cast((*t_conversions)->boxed_type_down_conversion<Type>(t_conversions->saves(), bv),
+                                                  t_conversions));
         } catch (const chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast &) {
           throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
         }
       }
     } else {
-      // If it's not polymorphic, just throw the error, don't waste the time on the 
+      // If it's not convertable, just throw the error, don't waste the time on the
       // attempted dynamic_cast
       throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(bv.get_type_info(), typeid(Type));
     }
-
   }
 
-}
-
-
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_cast_helper.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_CAST_HELPER_HPP_
 
@@ -13,236 +16,245 @@
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
 
+namespace chaiscript {
+  class Type_Conversions_State;
 
-namespace chaiscript 
-{
-  class Type_Conversions;
-
-  namespace detail
-  {
+  namespace detail {
     // Cast_Helper_Inner helper classes
 
     template<typename T>
-      T* throw_if_null(T *t)
-      {
-        if (t) return t;
-        throw std::runtime_error("Attempted to dereference null Boxed_Value");
+    constexpr T *throw_if_null(T *t) {
+      if (t) {
+        return t;
       }
+      throw std::runtime_error("Attempted to dereference null Boxed_Value");
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    static const T *verify_type_no_throw(const Boxed_Value &ob, const std::type_info &ti, const T *ptr) {
+      if (ob.get_type_info() == ti) {
+        return ptr;
+      } else {
+        throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    static T *verify_type_no_throw(const Boxed_Value &ob, const std::type_info &ti, T *ptr) {
+      if (!ob.is_const() && ob.get_type_info() == ti) {
+        return ptr;
+      } else {
+        throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    static const T *verify_type(const Boxed_Value &ob, const std::type_info &ti, const T *ptr) {
+      if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(ti)) {
+        return throw_if_null(ptr);
+      } else {
+        throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    static T *verify_type(const Boxed_Value &ob, const std::type_info &ti, T *ptr) {
+      if (!ob.is_const() && ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(ti)) {
+        return throw_if_null(ptr);
+      } else {
+        throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
+      }
+    }
 
     /// Generic Cast_Helper_Inner, for casting to any type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner
-      {
-        typedef std::reference_wrapper<typename std::add_const<Result>::type > Result_Type;
-
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
-        {
-          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
-          {
-            auto p = throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr());
-            return std::cref(*static_cast<const Result *>(p));
-          } else {
-            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
-          }
-        }
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner {
+      static Result cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return *static_cast<const Result *>(verify_type(ob, typeid(Result), ob.get_const_ptr()));
+      }
+    };
 
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result>
-      {
-      };
-
-    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const & type
-    template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result>
-      {
-      };
-
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result> {
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const * type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result *>
-      {
-        typedef const Result * Result_Type;
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
-        {
-          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
-          {
-            return static_cast<const Result *>(throw_if_null(ob.get_const_ptr()));
-          } else {
-            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
-          }
-        }
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result *> {
+      static const Result *cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return static_cast<const Result *>(verify_type_no_throw(ob, typeid(Result), ob.get_const_ptr()));
+      }
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a * type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result *>
-      {
-        typedef Result * Result_Type;
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
-        {
-          if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const() && ob.get_type_info() == typeid(Result))
-          {
-            return static_cast<Result *>(throw_if_null(ob.get_ptr()));
-          } else {
-            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
-          }
-        }
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result *> {
+      static Result *cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return static_cast<Result *>(verify_type_no_throw(ob, typeid(Result), ob.get_ptr()));
+      }
+    };
 
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result *const &> : public Cast_Helper_Inner<Result *> {
+    };
 
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result *const &> : public Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result *> {
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a & type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
-      {
-        typedef Result& Result_Type;
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &> {
+      static const Result &cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return *static_cast<const Result *>(verify_type(ob, typeid(Result), ob.get_const_ptr()));
+      }
+    };
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
-        {
-          if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const() && ob.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(Result)))
-          {
-            return *(static_cast<Result *>(throw_if_null(ob.get_ptr())));
-          } else {
-            throw chaiscript::detail::exception::bad_any_cast();
-          }
-        }
-      };
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a & type
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &> {
+      static Result &cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return *static_cast<Result *>(verify_type(ob, typeid(Result), ob.get_ptr()));
+      }
+    };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a && type
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &&> {
+      static Result &&cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return std::move(*static_cast<Result *>(verify_type(ob, typeid(Result), ob.get_ptr())));
+      }
+    };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::unique_ptr<> && type
+    /// \todo Fix the fact that this has to be in a shared_ptr for now
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::unique_ptr<Result> &&> {
+      static std::unique_ptr<Result> &&cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return std::move(*(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<std::unique_ptr<Result>>>()));
+      }
+    };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::unique_ptr<> & type
+    /// \todo Fix the fact that this has to be in a shared_ptr for now
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::unique_ptr<Result> &> {
+      static std::unique_ptr<Result> &cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return *(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<std::unique_ptr<Result>>>());
+      }
+    };
+
+    /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::unique_ptr<> & type
+    /// \todo Fix the fact that this has to be in a shared_ptr for now
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::unique_ptr<Result> &> {
+      static std::unique_ptr<Result> &cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return *(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<std::unique_ptr<Result>>>());
+      }
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::shared_ptr<> type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> >
-      {
-        typedef std::shared_ptr<Result> Result_Type;
-
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
-        {
-          return ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result> >();
-        }
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result>> {
+      static auto cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) { return ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result>>(); }
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::shared_ptr<const> type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
-      {
-        typedef std::shared_ptr<const Result> Result_Type;
-
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
-        {
-          if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const())
-          {
-            return std::const_pointer_cast<const Result>(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result> >());
-          } else {
-            return ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >();
-          }
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result>> {
+      static auto cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        if (!ob.get_type_info().is_const()) {
+          return std::const_pointer_cast<const Result>(ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result>>());
+        } else {
+          return ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<const Result>>();
         }
-      };
+      }
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const std::shared_ptr<> & type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> >
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<Result>> : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result>> {
+    };
 
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> >
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result>> {
+    };
+
+    template<typename Result>
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<Result> &> {
+      static_assert(!std::is_const<Result>::value, "Non-const reference to std::shared_ptr<const T> is not supported");
+      static auto cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        std::shared_ptr<Result> &res = ob.get().cast<std::shared_ptr<Result>>();
+        return ob.pointer_sentinel(res);
+      }
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const std::shared_ptr<const> & type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<const Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<const Result>> : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result>> {
+    };
 
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<const Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result> >
-      {
-      };
-
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::shared_ptr<const Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<std::shared_ptr<const Result>> {
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a Boxed_Value type
     template<>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value>
-      {
-        typedef Boxed_Value Result_Type;
-
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
-        {
-          return ob;
-        }
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value> {
+      static Boxed_Value cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) { return ob; }
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a Boxed_Value & type
     template<>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value &>
-      {
-        typedef std::reference_wrapper<Boxed_Value> Result_Type;
-
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *)
-        {
-          return std::ref(const_cast<Boxed_Value &>(ob));
-        }
-      };
-
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value &> {
+      static std::reference_wrapper<Boxed_Value> cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *) {
+        return std::ref(const_cast<Boxed_Value &>(ob));
+      }
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a const Boxed_Value & type
     template<>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Boxed_Value> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value>
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Boxed_Value> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value> {
+    };
 
     template<>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Boxed_Value &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value>
-      {
-      };
-
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const Boxed_Value &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Boxed_Value> {
+    };
 
     /// Cast_Helper_Inner for casting to a std::reference_wrapper type
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::reference_wrapper<Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::reference_wrapper<Result>> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &> {
+    };
 
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<Result>> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &> {
+    };
 
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &>
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<Result &> {
+    };
 
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::reference_wrapper<const Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &>
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<std::reference_wrapper<const Result>> : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &> {
+    };
 
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<const Result> > : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &>
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<const Result>> : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &> {
+    };
 
     template<typename Result>
-      struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<const Result> & > : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &>
-      {
-      };
+    struct Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::reference_wrapper<const Result> &> : Cast_Helper_Inner<const Result &> {
+    };
 
     /// The exposed Cast_Helper object that by default just calls the Cast_Helper_Inner
     template<typename T>
-      struct Cast_Helper
-      {
-        typedef typename Cast_Helper_Inner<T>::Result_Type Result_Type;
+    struct Cast_Helper {
+      static decltype(auto) cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions) {
+        return (Cast_Helper_Inner<T>::cast(ob, t_conversions));
+      }
+    };
+  } // namespace detail
 
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-        {
-          return Cast_Helper_Inner<T>::cast(ob, t_conversions);
-        }
-      };
-  }
-  
-}
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/boxed_value.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_VALUE_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_BOXED_VALUE_HPP_
 
@@ -15,314 +18,244 @@
 #include "any.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
 
-namespace chaiscript 
-{
-
+namespace chaiscript {
   /// \brief A wrapper for holding any valid C++ type. All types in ChaiScript are Boxed_Value objects
   /// \sa chaiscript::boxed_cast
-  class Boxed_Value
-  {
-    public:
-      /// used for explicitly creating a "void" object
-      struct Void_Type
-      {
-      };
+  class Boxed_Value {
+  public:
+    /// used for explicitly creating a "void" object
+    struct Void_Type {
+    };
 
-    private:
-      /// structure which holds the internal state of a Boxed_Value
-      /// \todo Get rid of Any and merge it with this, reducing an allocation in the process
-      struct Data
-      {
-        Data(const Type_Info &ti,
-            chaiscript::detail::Any to,
-            bool tr,
-            const void *t_void_ptr,
-            bool t_return_value)
-          : m_type_info(ti), m_obj(std::move(to)), m_data_ptr(ti.is_const()?nullptr:const_cast<void *>(t_void_ptr)), m_const_data_ptr(t_void_ptr),
-            m_is_ref(tr), m_return_value(t_return_value)
-        {
-        }
-
-        Data &operator=(const Data &rhs)
-        {
-          m_type_info = rhs.m_type_info;
-          m_obj = rhs.m_obj;
-          m_is_ref = rhs.m_is_ref;
-          m_data_ptr = rhs.m_data_ptr;
-          m_const_data_ptr = rhs.m_const_data_ptr;
-          m_return_value = rhs.m_return_value;
-
-          if (rhs.m_attrs)
-          {
-            m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>(*rhs.m_attrs));
-          }
-
-          return *this;
-        }
-
-        Data(const Data &) = delete;
-
-#if !defined(__APPLE__) && (!defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER != 1800)
-        Data(Data &&) = default;
-        Data &operator=(Data &&rhs) = default;
-#endif
-
-
-        Type_Info m_type_info;
-        chaiscript::detail::Any m_obj;
-        void *m_data_ptr;
-        const void *m_const_data_ptr;
-        std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>> m_attrs;
-        bool m_is_ref;
-        bool m_return_value;
-      };
-
-      struct Object_Data
-      {
-        static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(Boxed_Value::Void_Type, bool t_return_value)
-        {
-          return std::make_shared<Data>(
-                detail::Get_Type_Info<void>::get(),
-                chaiscript::detail::Any(), 
-                false,
-                nullptr,
-                t_return_value)
-              ;
-        }
-
-        template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const std::shared_ptr<T> *obj, bool t_return_value)
-          {
-            return get(*obj, t_return_value);
-          }
-
-        template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const std::shared_ptr<T> &obj, bool t_return_value)
-          {
-            return std::make_shared<Data>(
-                  detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), 
-                  chaiscript::detail::Any(obj), 
-                  false,
-                  obj.get(),
-                  t_return_value
-                );
-          }
-
-        template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(std::shared_ptr<T> &&obj, bool t_return_value)
-          {
-            auto ptr = obj.get();
-            return std::make_shared<Data>(
-                  detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), 
-                  chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(obj)), 
-                  false,
-                  ptr,
-                  t_return_value
-                );
-          }
-
-        template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(T *t, bool t_return_value)
-          {
-            return get(std::ref(*t), t_return_value);
-          }
-
-        template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(const T *t, bool t_return_value)
-          {
-            return get(std::cref(*t), t_return_value);
-          }
-
-
-        template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(std::reference_wrapper<T> obj, bool t_return_value)
-          {
-            auto p = &obj.get();
-            return std::make_shared<Data>(
-                  detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(),
-                  chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(obj)),
-                  true,
-                  p,
-                  t_return_value
-                );
-          }
-
-        template<typename T>
-          static std::shared_ptr<Data> get(T t, bool t_return_value)
-          {
-            auto p = std::make_shared<T>(std::move(t));
-            auto ptr = p.get();
-            return std::make_shared<Data>(
-                  detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), 
-                  chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(p)),
-                  false,
-                  ptr,
-                  t_return_value
-                );
-          }
-
-        static std::shared_ptr<Data> get()
-        {
-          return std::make_shared<Data>(
-                Type_Info(),
-                chaiscript::detail::Any(),
-                false,
-                nullptr,
-                false
-              );
-        }
-
-      };
-
-    public:
-      /// Basic Boxed_Value constructor
-        template<typename T,
-          typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<Boxed_Value, typename std::decay<T>::type>::value>::type>
-        explicit Boxed_Value(T &&t, bool t_return_value = false)
-          : m_data(Object_Data::get(std::forward<T>(t), t_return_value))
-        {
-        }
-
-      /// Unknown-type constructor
-      Boxed_Value()
-        : m_data(Object_Data::get())
-      {
+  private:
+    /// structure which holds the internal state of a Boxed_Value
+    /// \todo Get rid of Any and merge it with this, reducing an allocation in the process
+    struct Data {
+      Data(const Type_Info &ti, chaiscript::detail::Any to, bool is_ref, const void *t_void_ptr, bool t_return_value) noexcept
+          : m_type_info(ti)
+          , m_obj(std::move(to))
+          , m_data_ptr(ti.is_const() ? nullptr : const_cast<void *>(t_void_ptr))
+          , m_const_data_ptr(t_void_ptr)
+          , m_is_ref(is_ref)
+          , m_return_value(t_return_value) {
       }
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER != 1800
-      Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value&&) = default;
-      Boxed_Value& operator=(Boxed_Value&&) = default;
-#endif
+      Data &operator=(const Data &rhs) {
+        m_type_info = rhs.m_type_info;
+        m_obj = rhs.m_obj;
+        m_is_ref = rhs.m_is_ref;
+        m_data_ptr = rhs.m_data_ptr;
+        m_const_data_ptr = rhs.m_const_data_ptr;
+        m_return_value = rhs.m_return_value;
 
-      Boxed_Value(const Boxed_Value&) = default;
-      Boxed_Value& operator=(const Boxed_Value&) = default;
+        if (rhs.m_attrs) {
+          m_attrs = std::make_unique<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(*rhs.m_attrs);
+        }
 
-      void swap(Boxed_Value &rhs)
-      {
-        std::swap(m_data, rhs.m_data);
-      }
-
-      /// Copy the values stored in rhs.m_data to m_data.
-      /// m_data pointers are not shared in this case
-      Boxed_Value assign(const Boxed_Value &rhs)
-      {
-        (*m_data) = (*rhs.m_data);
         return *this;
       }
 
-      const Type_Info &get_type_info() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_type_info;
+      Data(const Data &) = delete;
+
+      Data(Data &&) = default;
+      Data &operator=(Data &&rhs) = default;
+
+      Type_Info m_type_info;
+      chaiscript::detail::Any m_obj;
+      void *m_data_ptr;
+      const void *m_const_data_ptr;
+      std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>> m_attrs;
+      bool m_is_ref;
+      bool m_return_value;
+    };
+
+    struct Object_Data {
+      static auto get(Boxed_Value::Void_Type, bool t_return_value) {
+        return std::make_shared<Data>(detail::Get_Type_Info<void>::get(), chaiscript::detail::Any(), false, nullptr, t_return_value);
       }
 
-      /// return true if the object is uninitialized
-      bool is_undef() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_type_info.is_undef();
+      template<typename T>
+      static auto get(const std::shared_ptr<T> *obj, bool t_return_value) {
+        return get(*obj, t_return_value);
       }
 
-      bool is_const() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_type_info.is_const();
+      template<typename T>
+      static auto get(const std::shared_ptr<T> &obj, bool t_return_value) {
+        return std::make_shared<Data>(detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), chaiscript::detail::Any(obj), false, obj.get(), t_return_value);
       }
 
-      bool is_type(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_type_info.bare_equal(ti);
+      template<typename T>
+      static auto get(std::shared_ptr<T> &&obj, bool t_return_value) {
+        auto ptr = obj.get();
+        return std::make_shared<Data>(detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(obj)), false, ptr, t_return_value);
       }
 
-      bool is_null() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return (m_data->m_data_ptr == nullptr && m_data->m_const_data_ptr == nullptr);
+      template<typename T>
+      static auto get(T *t, bool t_return_value) {
+        return get(std::ref(*t), t_return_value);
       }
 
-      const chaiscript::detail::Any & get() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_obj;
+      template<typename T>
+      static auto get(const T *t, bool t_return_value) {
+        return get(std::cref(*t), t_return_value);
       }
 
-      bool is_ref() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_is_ref;
+      template<typename T>
+      static auto get(std::reference_wrapper<T> obj, bool t_return_value) {
+        auto p = &obj.get();
+        return std::make_shared<Data>(detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(obj)), true, p, t_return_value);
       }
 
-      bool is_return_value() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_return_value;
+      template<typename T>
+      static auto get(std::unique_ptr<T> &&obj, bool t_return_value) {
+        auto ptr = obj.get();
+        return std::make_shared<Data>(detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(),
+                                      chaiscript::detail::Any(std::make_shared<std::unique_ptr<T>>(std::move(obj))),
+                                      true,
+                                      ptr,
+                                      t_return_value);
       }
 
-      void reset_return_value() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        m_data->m_return_value = false;
+      template<typename T>
+      static auto get(T t, bool t_return_value) {
+        auto p = std::make_shared<T>(std::move(t));
+        auto ptr = p.get();
+        return std::make_shared<Data>(detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get(), chaiscript::detail::Any(std::move(p)), false, ptr, t_return_value);
       }
 
-      bool is_pointer() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return !is_ref();
-      }
+      static std::shared_ptr<Data> get() { return std::make_shared<Data>(Type_Info(), chaiscript::detail::Any(), false, nullptr, false); }
+    };
 
-      void *get_ptr() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_data_ptr;
-      }
+  public:
+    /// Basic Boxed_Value constructor
+    template<typename T, typename = std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Boxed_Value, std::decay_t<T>>>>
+    explicit Boxed_Value(T &&t, bool t_return_value = false)
+        : m_data(Object_Data::get(std::forward<T>(t), t_return_value)) {
+    }
 
-      const void *get_const_ptr() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_data->m_const_data_ptr;
-      }
+    /// Unknown-type constructor
+    Boxed_Value() = default;
 
-      Boxed_Value get_attr(const std::string &t_name)
-      {
-        if (!m_data->m_attrs)
-        {
-          m_data->m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>());
+    Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value &&) = default;
+    Boxed_Value &operator=(Boxed_Value &&) = default;
+    Boxed_Value(const Boxed_Value &) = default;
+    Boxed_Value &operator=(const Boxed_Value &) = default;
+
+    void swap(Boxed_Value &rhs) noexcept { std::swap(m_data, rhs.m_data); }
+
+    /// Copy the values stored in rhs.m_data to m_data.
+    /// m_data pointers are not shared in this case
+    Boxed_Value assign(const Boxed_Value &rhs) noexcept {
+      (*m_data) = (*rhs.m_data);
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    const Type_Info &get_type_info() const noexcept { return m_data->m_type_info; }
+
+    /// return true if the object is uninitialized
+    bool is_undef() const noexcept { return m_data->m_type_info.is_undef(); }
+
+    bool is_const() const noexcept { return m_data->m_type_info.is_const(); }
+
+    /// Mark this Boxed_Value as const (used for script-level const declarations)
+    void make_const() noexcept {
+      m_data->m_type_info.make_const();
+      m_data->m_data_ptr = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    bool is_type(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept { return m_data->m_type_info.bare_equal(ti); }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    auto pointer_sentinel(std::shared_ptr<T> &ptr) const noexcept {
+      struct Sentinel {
+        Sentinel(std::shared_ptr<T> &t_ptr, Data &data)
+            : m_ptr(t_ptr)
+            , m_data(data) {
         }
 
-        auto &attr = (*m_data->m_attrs)[t_name];
-        if (attr) {
-          return Boxed_Value(attr, Internal_Construction());
-        } else {
-          Boxed_Value bv; //default construct a new one
-          attr = bv.m_data;
-          return bv;
+        ~Sentinel() {
+          // save new pointer data
+          const auto ptr_ = m_ptr.get().get();
+          m_data.get().m_data_ptr = ptr_;
+          m_data.get().m_const_data_ptr = ptr_;
         }
+
+        Sentinel &operator=(Sentinel &&s) = default;
+        Sentinel(Sentinel &&s) = default;
+
+        operator std::shared_ptr<T> &() const noexcept { return m_ptr.get(); }
+
+        Sentinel &operator=(const Sentinel &) = delete;
+        Sentinel(Sentinel &) = delete;
+
+        std::reference_wrapper<std::shared_ptr<T>> m_ptr;
+        std::reference_wrapper<Data> m_data;
+      };
+
+      return Sentinel(ptr, *(m_data.get()));
+    }
+
+    bool is_null() const noexcept { return (m_data->m_data_ptr == nullptr && m_data->m_const_data_ptr == nullptr); }
+
+    const chaiscript::detail::Any &get() const noexcept { return m_data->m_obj; }
+
+    bool is_ref() const noexcept { return m_data->m_is_ref; }
+
+    bool is_return_value() const noexcept { return m_data->m_return_value; }
+
+    void reset_return_value() const noexcept { m_data->m_return_value = false; }
+
+    bool is_pointer() const noexcept { return !is_ref(); }
+
+    void *get_ptr() const noexcept { return m_data->m_data_ptr; }
+
+    const void *get_const_ptr() const noexcept { return m_data->m_const_data_ptr; }
+
+    Boxed_Value get_attr(const std::string &t_name) {
+      if (!m_data->m_attrs) {
+        m_data->m_attrs = std::make_unique<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>();
       }
 
-      Boxed_Value &copy_attrs(const Boxed_Value &t_obj)
-      {
-        if (t_obj.m_data->m_attrs)
-        {
-          m_data->m_attrs = std::unique_ptr<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(new std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>(*t_obj.m_data->m_attrs));
-        }
-        return *this;
+      auto &attr = (*m_data->m_attrs)[t_name];
+      if (attr) {
+        return Boxed_Value(attr, Internal_Construction());
+      } else {
+        Boxed_Value bv; // default construct a new one
+        attr = bv.m_data;
+        return bv;
       }
+    }
 
-      Boxed_Value &clone_attrs(const Boxed_Value &t_obj)
-      {
-        copy_attrs(t_obj);
-        reset_return_value();
-        return *this;
+    Boxed_Value &copy_attrs(const Boxed_Value &t_obj) {
+      if (t_obj.m_data->m_attrs) {
+        m_data->m_attrs = std::make_unique<std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Data>>>(*t_obj.m_data->m_attrs);
       }
+      return *this;
+    }
 
+    Boxed_Value &clone_attrs(const Boxed_Value &t_obj) {
+      copy_attrs(t_obj);
+      reset_return_value();
+      return *this;
+    }
 
-      /// \returns true if the two Boxed_Values share the same internal type
-      static bool type_match(const Boxed_Value &l, const Boxed_Value &r) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return l.get_type_info() == r.get_type_info();
-      }
+    /// \returns true if the two Boxed_Values share the same internal type
+    static bool type_match(const Boxed_Value &l, const Boxed_Value &r) noexcept { return l.get_type_info() == r.get_type_info(); }
 
-    private:
-      // necessary to avoid hitting the templated && constructor of Boxed_Value
-      struct Internal_Construction{};
+  private:
+    // necessary to avoid hitting the templated && constructor of Boxed_Value
+    struct Internal_Construction {
+    };
 
-      Boxed_Value(const std::shared_ptr<Data> &t_data, Internal_Construction)
-        : m_data(t_data) {
-      }
+    Boxed_Value(std::shared_ptr<Data> t_data, Internal_Construction)
+        : m_data(std::move(t_data)) {
+    }
 
-      std::shared_ptr<Data> m_data;
+    std::shared_ptr<Data> m_data = Object_Data::get();
   };
 
-  /// @brief Creates a Boxed_Value. If the object passed in is a value type, it is copied. If it is a pointer, std::shared_ptr, or std::reference_type
+  /// @brief Creates a Boxed_Value. If the object passed in is a value type, it is copied. If it is a pointer, std::shared_ptr, or
+  /// std::reference_type
   ///        a copy is not made.
   /// @param t The value to box
   ///
@@ -337,21 +270,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
   ///
   /// @sa @ref adding_objects
   template<typename T>
-    Boxed_Value var(T &&t)
-    {
-      return Boxed_Value(std::forward<T>(t));
-    }
+  Boxed_Value var(T &&t) {
+    return Boxed_Value(std::forward<T>(t));
+  }
 
   namespace detail {
     /// \brief Takes a value, copies it and returns a Boxed_Value object that is immutable
     /// \param[in] t Value to copy and make const
-    /// \returns Immutable Boxed_Value 
+    /// \returns Immutable Boxed_Value
     /// \sa Boxed_Value::is_const
     template<typename T>
-      Boxed_Value const_var_impl(const T &t)
-      {
-        return Boxed_Value(std::make_shared<typename std::add_const<T>::type >(t));
-      }
+    Boxed_Value const_var_impl(const T &t) {
+      return Boxed_Value(std::make_shared<typename std::add_const<T>::type>(t));
+    }
 
     /// \brief Takes a pointer to a value, adds const to the pointed to type and returns an immutable Boxed_Value.
     ///        Does not copy the pointed to value.
@@ -359,10 +290,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \returns Immutable Boxed_Value
     /// \sa Boxed_Value::is_const
     template<typename T>
-      Boxed_Value const_var_impl(T *t)
-      {
-        return Boxed_Value( const_cast<typename std::add_const<T>::type *>(t) );
-      }
+    Boxed_Value const_var_impl(T *t) {
+      return Boxed_Value(const_cast<typename std::add_const<T>::type *>(t));
+    }
 
     /// \brief Takes a std::shared_ptr to a value, adds const to the pointed to type and returns an immutable Boxed_Value.
     ///        Does not copy the pointed to value.
@@ -370,10 +300,9 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \returns Immutable Boxed_Value
     /// \sa Boxed_Value::is_const
     template<typename T>
-      Boxed_Value const_var_impl(const std::shared_ptr<T> &t)
-      {
-        return Boxed_Value( std::const_pointer_cast<typename std::add_const<T>::type>(t) );
-      }
+    Boxed_Value const_var_impl(const std::shared_ptr<T> &t) {
+      return Boxed_Value(std::const_pointer_cast<typename std::add_const<T>::type>(t));
+    }
 
     /// \brief Takes a std::reference_wrapper value, adds const to the referenced type and returns an immutable Boxed_Value.
     ///        Does not copy the referenced value.
@@ -381,11 +310,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \returns Immutable Boxed_Value
     /// \sa Boxed_Value::is_const
     template<typename T>
-      Boxed_Value const_var_impl(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &t)
-      {
-        return Boxed_Value( std::cref(t.get()) );
-      }
-  }
+    Boxed_Value const_var_impl(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &t) {
+      return Boxed_Value(std::cref(t.get()));
+    }
+  } // namespace detail
 
   /// \brief Takes an object and returns an immutable Boxed_Value. If the object is a std::reference or pointer type
   ///        the value is not copied. If it is an object type, it is copied.
@@ -407,19 +335,22 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// chai.add(chaiscript::const_var(Red), "Red");
   /// chai.add(chaiscript::const_var(Green), "Green");
   /// \endcode
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// \todo support C++11 strongly typed enums
   /// \sa \ref adding_objects
   template<typename T>
-    Boxed_Value const_var(const T &t)
-    {
-      return detail::const_var_impl(t);
-    }
+  Boxed_Value const_var(const T &t) {
+    return detail::const_var_impl(t);
+  }
+
+  inline Boxed_Value void_var() {
+    static const auto v = Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value::Void_Type());
+    return v;
+  }
 
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_HAS_MAGIC_STATICS
   inline Boxed_Value const_var(bool b) {
-    static auto t = detail::const_var_impl(true);
-    static auto f = detail::const_var_impl(false);
+    static const auto t = detail::const_var_impl(true);
+    static const auto f = detail::const_var_impl(false);
 
     if (b) {
       return t;
@@ -427,9 +358,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
       return f;
     }
   }
-#endif
 
-}
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/callable_traits.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_CALLABLE_TRAITS_HPP_
@@ -12,49 +12,50 @@
 namespace chaiscript {
   namespace dispatch {
     namespace detail {
-
-      template<typename Class, typename ... Param>
-      struct Constructor
-      {
-        template<typename ... Inner>
-        std::shared_ptr<Class> operator()(Inner&& ... inner) const {
+      template<typename Class, typename... Param>
+      struct Constructor {
+        template<typename... Inner>
+        std::shared_ptr<Class> operator()(Inner &&...inner) const {
           return std::make_shared<Class>(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
         }
       };
 
-      template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
-      struct Const_Caller
-      {
-        Const_Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const) : m_func(t_func) {}
+      template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+      struct Const_Caller {
+        explicit Const_Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const)
+            : m_func(t_func) {
+        }
 
-        template<typename ... Inner>
-        Ret operator()(const Class &o, Inner&& ... inner) const {
+        template<typename... Inner>
+        Ret operator()(const Class &o, Inner &&...inner) const {
           return (o.*m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
         }
 
         Ret (Class::*m_func)(Param...) const;
       };
 
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
-      struct Fun_Caller
-      {
-        Fun_Caller(Ret( * t_func)(Param...) ) : m_func(t_func) {}
+      template<typename Ret, typename... Param>
+      struct Fun_Caller {
+        explicit Fun_Caller(Ret (*t_func)(Param...))
+            : m_func(t_func) {
+        }
 
-        template<typename ... Inner>
-        Ret operator()(Inner&& ... inner) const {
+        template<typename... Inner>
+        Ret operator()(Inner &&...inner) const {
           return (m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
         }
 
-        Ret(*m_func)(Param...);
+        Ret (*m_func)(Param...);
       };
 
-      template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
-      struct Caller
-      {
-        Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...)) : m_func(t_func) {}
+      template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+      struct Caller {
+        explicit Caller(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...))
+            : m_func(t_func) {
+        }
 
-        template<typename ... Inner>
-        Ret operator()(Class &o, Inner&& ... inner) const {
+        template<typename... Inner>
+        Ret operator()(Class &o, Inner &&...inner) const {
           return (o.*m_func)(std::forward<Inner>(inner)...);
         }
 
@@ -62,46 +63,37 @@ namespace chaiscript {
       };
 
       template<typename T>
-        struct Arity
-        {
-        };
-
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-      struct Arity<Ret (Params...)>
-        {
-          static const size_t arity = sizeof...(Params);
-        };
+      struct Arity {
+      };
 
+      template<typename Ret, typename... Params>
+      struct Arity<Ret(Params...)> {
+        static const size_t arity = sizeof...(Params);
+      };
 
       template<typename T>
-        struct Function_Signature
-        {
-        };
+      struct Function_Signature {
+      };
 
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-      struct Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)>
-        {
-          typedef Ret Return_Type;
-          typedef Ret (Signature)(Params...);
-        };
-
-      template<typename Ret, typename T, typename ... Params>
-      struct Function_Signature<Ret (T::*)(Params...) const>
-        {
-          typedef Ret Return_Type;
-          typedef Ret (Signature)(Params...);
-        };
+      template<typename Ret, typename... Params>
+      struct Function_Signature<Ret(Params...)> {
+        using Return_Type = Ret;
+        using Signature = Ret()(Params...);
+      };
 
+      template<typename Ret, typename T, typename... Params>
+      struct Function_Signature<Ret (T::*)(Params...) const> {
+        using Return_Type = Ret;
+        using Signature = Ret()(Params...);
+      };
 
       template<typename T>
-        struct Callable_Traits
-        {
-          typedef typename Function_Signature<decltype(&T::operator())>::Signature Signature;
-          typedef typename Function_Signature<decltype(&T::operator())>::Return_Type Return_Type;
-        };
-    }
-  }
-}
+      struct Callable_Traits {
+        using Signature = typename Function_Signature<decltype(&T::operator())>::Signature;
+        using Return_Type = typename Function_Signature<decltype(&T::operator())>::Return_Type;
+      };
+    } // namespace detail
+  } // namespace dispatch
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_HPP_
 
@@ -14,111 +17,108 @@
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-class Type_Conversions;
-namespace dispatch {
-class Proxy_Function_Base;
-}  // namespace dispatch
-}  // namespace chaiscript
+  class Type_Conversions;
+  namespace dispatch {
+    class Proxy_Function_Base;
+  } // namespace dispatch
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace dispatch {
     struct option_explicit_set : std::runtime_error {
-      option_explicit_set(const std::string &t_param_name)
-        : std::runtime_error("option explicit set and parameter '" + t_param_name + "' does not exist")
-      {
-
+      explicit option_explicit_set(const std::string &t_param_name)
+          : std::runtime_error("option explicit set and parameter '" + t_param_name + "' does not exist") {
       }
 
-      virtual ~option_explicit_set() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      option_explicit_set(const option_explicit_set &) = default;
+
+      ~option_explicit_set() noexcept override = default;
     };
 
-    class Dynamic_Object
-    {
-      public:
-        Dynamic_Object(std::string t_type_name)
-          : m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_option_explicit(false)
-        {
+    class Dynamic_Object {
+    public:
+      explicit Dynamic_Object(std::string t_type_name)
+          : m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name))
+          , m_option_explicit(false) {
+      }
+
+      Dynamic_Object() = default;
+
+      /// Register that derived_name inherits from base_name
+      static void register_inheritance(const std::string &derived_name, const std::string &base_name) {
+        inheritance_map()[derived_name] = base_name;
+      }
+
+      /// Check if type_name is, or inherits from, base_name
+      static bool type_matches(const std::string &type_name, const std::string &base_name) noexcept {
+        if (type_name == base_name) {
+          return true;
         }
-
-        Dynamic_Object() : m_type_name(""), m_option_explicit(false)
-        {
-        }
-
-        bool is_explicit() const
-        {
-          return m_option_explicit;
-        }
-
-        void set_explicit(const bool t_explicit)
-        {
-          m_option_explicit = t_explicit;
-        }
-
-        std::string get_type_name() const
-        {
-          return m_type_name;
-        }
-
-        const Boxed_Value &operator[](const std::string &t_attr_name) const
-        {
-          return get_attr(t_attr_name);
-        }
-
-        Boxed_Value &operator[](const std::string &t_attr_name)
-        {
-          return get_attr(t_attr_name);
-        }
-
-        const Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name) const
-        {
-          auto a = m_attrs.find(t_attr_name);
-
-          if (a != m_attrs.end()) {
-            return a->second;
-          } else {
-            throw std::range_error("Attr not found '" + t_attr_name + "' and cannot be added to const obj");
+        const auto &m = inheritance_map();
+        auto it = m.find(type_name);
+        while (it != m.end()) {
+          if (it->second == base_name) {
+            return true;
           }
+          it = m.find(it->second);
+        }
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      bool is_explicit() const noexcept { return m_option_explicit; }
+
+      void set_explicit(const bool t_explicit) noexcept { m_option_explicit = t_explicit; }
+
+      const std::string &get_type_name() const noexcept { return m_type_name; }
+
+      const Boxed_Value &operator[](const std::string &t_attr_name) const { return get_attr(t_attr_name); }
+
+      Boxed_Value &operator[](const std::string &t_attr_name) { return get_attr(t_attr_name); }
+
+      const Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name) const {
+        auto a = m_attrs.find(t_attr_name);
+
+        if (a != m_attrs.end()) {
+          return a->second;
+        } else {
+          throw std::range_error("Attr not found '" + t_attr_name + "' and cannot be added to const obj");
+        }
+      }
+
+      bool has_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name) const { return m_attrs.find(t_attr_name) != m_attrs.end(); }
+
+      Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name) { return m_attrs[t_attr_name]; }
+
+      Boxed_Value &method_missing(const std::string &t_method_name) {
+        if (m_option_explicit && m_attrs.find(t_method_name) == m_attrs.end()) {
+          throw option_explicit_set(t_method_name);
         }
 
-        Boxed_Value &get_attr(const std::string &t_attr_name)
-        {
-          return m_attrs[t_attr_name];
+        return get_attr(t_method_name);
+      }
+
+      const Boxed_Value &method_missing(const std::string &t_method_name) const {
+        if (m_option_explicit && m_attrs.find(t_method_name) == m_attrs.end()) {
+          throw option_explicit_set(t_method_name);
         }
 
-        Boxed_Value &method_missing(const std::string &t_method_name)
-        {
-          if (m_option_explicit && m_attrs.find(t_method_name) == m_attrs.end()) {
-            throw option_explicit_set(t_method_name);
-          }
+        return get_attr(t_method_name);
+      }
 
-          return get_attr(t_method_name);
-        }
+      std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> get_attrs() const { return m_attrs; }
 
-        const Boxed_Value &method_missing(const std::string &t_method_name) const
-        {
-          if (m_option_explicit && m_attrs.find(t_method_name) == m_attrs.end()) {
-            throw option_explicit_set(t_method_name);
-          }
+    private:
+      static std::map<std::string, std::string> &inheritance_map() {
+        static std::map<std::string, std::string> s_map;
+        return s_map;
+      }
 
-          return get_attr(t_method_name);
-        }
+      const std::string m_type_name = "";
+      bool m_option_explicit = false;
 
-
-        std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> get_attrs() const
-        {
-          return m_attrs;
-        }
-
-      private:
-        std::string m_type_name;
-        bool m_option_explicit;
-
-        std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m_attrs;
+      std::map<std::string, Boxed_Value> m_attrs;
     };
 
-  }
-}
+  } // namespace dispatch
+} // namespace chaiscript
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/dynamic_object_detail.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_DYNAMIC_OBJECT_DETAIL_HPP_
@@ -19,235 +19,189 @@
 #include "boxed_cast.hpp"
 #include "boxed_cast_helper.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "dynamic_object.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
-#include "dynamic_object.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-class Type_Conversions;
-namespace dispatch {
-class Proxy_Function_Base;
-}  // namespace dispatch
-}  // namespace chaiscript
+  class Type_Conversions;
+  namespace dispatch {
+    class Proxy_Function_Base;
+  } // namespace dispatch
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
-    namespace detail
-    {
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace dispatch {
+    namespace detail {
       /// A Proxy_Function implementation designed for calling a function
       /// that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
       /// param's type name
-      class Dynamic_Object_Function : public Proxy_Function_Base
-      {
-        public:
-          Dynamic_Object_Function(
-              std::string t_type_name,
-              const Proxy_Function &t_func,
-              bool t_is_attribute = false)
-            : Proxy_Function_Base(t_func->get_param_types(), t_func->get_arity()),
-              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func), m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>()),
-              m_is_attribute(t_is_attribute)
-          {
-            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
-                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+      class Dynamic_Object_Function final : public Proxy_Function_Base {
+      public:
+        Dynamic_Object_Function(std::string t_type_name, const Proxy_Function &t_func, bool t_is_attribute = false)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(t_func->get_param_types(), t_func->get_arity())
+            , m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name))
+            , m_func(t_func)
+            , m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>())
+            , m_is_attribute(t_is_attribute) {
+          assert((t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                 && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+        }
+
+        Dynamic_Object_Function(std::string t_type_name, const Proxy_Function &t_func, const Type_Info &t_ti, bool t_is_attribute = false)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_param_types(t_func->get_param_types(), t_ti), t_func->get_arity())
+            , m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name))
+            , m_func(t_func)
+            , m_ti(t_ti.is_undef() ? nullptr : new Type_Info(t_ti))
+            , m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>())
+            , m_is_attribute(t_is_attribute) {
+          assert((t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                 && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+        }
+
+        Dynamic_Object_Function &operator=(const Dynamic_Object_Function) = delete;
+        Dynamic_Object_Function(Dynamic_Object_Function &) = delete;
+
+        bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const noexcept override {
+          if (const auto *df = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Function *>(&f)) {
+            return df->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*df->m_func) == (*m_func);
+          } else {
+            return false;
           }
+        }
 
-          Dynamic_Object_Function(
-              std::string t_type_name,
-              const Proxy_Function &t_func,
-              const Type_Info &t_ti,
-              bool t_is_attribute = false)
-            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_param_types(t_func->get_param_types(), t_ti), t_func->get_arity()),
-              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func), m_ti(t_ti.is_undef()?nullptr:new Type_Info(t_ti)), m_doti(user_type<Dynamic_Object>()),
-              m_is_attribute(t_is_attribute)
-          {
-            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
-                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+        bool is_attribute_function() const noexcept override { return m_is_attribute; }
+
+        const std::string &dynamic_object_type_name() const noexcept override { return m_type_name; }
+
+        bool call_match(const chaiscript::Function_Params &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const noexcept override {
+          if (dynamic_object_typename_match(vals, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions)) {
+            return m_func->call_match(vals, t_conversions);
+          } else {
+            return false;
           }
+        }
 
-          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Function() {}
+        std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const override { return {m_func}; }
 
-          Dynamic_Object_Function &operator=(const Dynamic_Object_Function) = delete;
-          Dynamic_Object_Function(Dynamic_Object_Function &) = delete;
+      protected:
+        Boxed_Value do_call(const chaiscript::Function_Params &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override {
+          if (dynamic_object_typename_match(params, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions)) {
+            return (*m_func)(params, t_conversions);
+          } else {
+            throw exception::guard_error();
+          }
+        }
 
-          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            if (const auto *df = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Function *>(&f))
-            {
-              return df->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*df->m_func) == (*m_func);
+        bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const noexcept override {
+          return dynamic_object_typename_match(bv, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions);
+        }
+
+      private:
+        static std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_types(const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_inner_types, const Type_Info &t_objectti) {
+          std::vector<Type_Info> types(t_inner_types);
+
+          assert(types.size() > 1);
+          // assert(types[1].bare_equal(user_type<Boxed_Value>()));
+          // When the object type_info is undefined (ChaiScript-defined class), use
+          // Dynamic_Object so that dispatch priority scoring works correctly.
+          types[1] = t_objectti.is_undef() ? user_type<Dynamic_Object>() : t_objectti;
+          return types;
+        }
+
+        bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const Boxed_Value &bv,
+                                           const std::string &name,
+                                           const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti,
+                                           const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const noexcept {
+          if (bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(m_doti)) {
+            try {
+              const Dynamic_Object &d = boxed_cast<const Dynamic_Object &>(bv, &t_conversions);
+              return name == "Dynamic_Object" || Dynamic_Object::type_matches(d.get_type_name(), name);
+            } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
+              return false;
+            }
+          } else {
+            if (ti) {
+              return bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(*ti);
             } else {
               return false;
             }
           }
+        }
 
-          virtual bool is_attribute_function() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE { return m_is_attribute; } 
-
-          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            if (dynamic_object_typename_match(vals, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
-            {
-              return m_func->call_match(vals, t_conversions);
-            } else {
-              return false;
-            }
+        bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const chaiscript::Function_Params &bvs,
+                                           const std::string &name,
+                                           const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti,
+                                           const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const noexcept {
+          if (!bvs.empty()) {
+            return dynamic_object_typename_match(bvs[0], name, ti, t_conversions);
+          } else {
+            return false;
           }
+        }
 
-          virtual std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> get_contained_functions() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return {m_func};
-          }
-
-          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return m_func->annotation();
-          }
-
-
-        protected:
-          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            if (dynamic_object_typename_match(params, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions))
-            {
-              return (*m_func)(params, t_conversions);
-            } else {
-              throw exception::guard_error();
-            } 
-          }
-
-          virtual bool compare_first_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return dynamic_object_typename_match(bv, m_type_name, m_ti, t_conversions);
-          }
-
-        private:
-          static std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_types(
-              const std::vector<Type_Info> &t_inner_types, const Type_Info& t_objectti)
-          {
-            std::vector<Type_Info> types(t_inner_types);
-
-            assert(types.size() > 1);
-            //assert(types[1].bare_equal(user_type<Boxed_Value>()));
-            types[1] = t_objectti;
-            return types;
-          }
-
-          bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const Boxed_Value &bv, const std::string &name,
-              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
-          {
-            if (bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(m_doti))
-            {
-              try {
-                const Dynamic_Object &d = boxed_cast<const Dynamic_Object &>(bv, &t_conversions);
-                return name == "Dynamic_Object" || d.get_type_name() == name;
-              } catch (const std::bad_cast &) {
-                return false;
-              } 
-            } else {
-              if (ti)
-              {
-                return bv.get_type_info().bare_equal(*ti);
-              } else {
-                return false;
-              }
-            }
-
-          }
-
-          bool dynamic_object_typename_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &bvs, const std::string &name,
-              const std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> &ti, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const
-          {
-            if (bvs.size() > 0)
-            {
-              return dynamic_object_typename_match(bvs[0], name, ti, t_conversions);
-            } else {
-              return false;
-            }
-          }
-
-          std::string m_type_name;
-          Proxy_Function m_func;
-          std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> m_ti;
-          const Type_Info m_doti;
-          bool m_is_attribute;
-
-
+        std::string m_type_name;
+        Proxy_Function m_func;
+        std::unique_ptr<Type_Info> m_ti;
+        const Type_Info m_doti;
+        const bool m_is_attribute;
       };
 
-
       /**
        * A Proxy_Function implementation designed for creating a new
        * Dynamic_Object
        * that is automatically guarded based on the first param based on the
        * param's type name
        */
-      class Dynamic_Object_Constructor : public Proxy_Function_Base
-      {
-        public:
-          Dynamic_Object_Constructor(
-              std::string t_type_name,
-              const Proxy_Function &t_func)
-            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_type_list(t_func->get_param_types()), t_func->get_arity() - 1),
-              m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name)), m_func(t_func)
-          {
-            assert( (t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
-                && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+      class Dynamic_Object_Constructor final : public Proxy_Function_Base {
+      public:
+        Dynamic_Object_Constructor(std::string t_type_name, const Proxy_Function &t_func)
+            : Proxy_Function_Base(build_type_list(t_func->get_param_types()), t_func->get_arity() - 1)
+            , m_type_name(std::move(t_type_name))
+            , m_func(t_func) {
+          assert((t_func->get_arity() > 0 || t_func->get_arity() < 0)
+                 && "Programming error, Dynamic_Object_Function must have at least one parameter (this)");
+        }
+
+        static std::vector<Type_Info> build_type_list(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tl) {
+          auto begin = tl.begin();
+          auto end = tl.end();
+
+          if (begin != end) {
+            ++begin;
           }
 
-          static std::vector<Type_Info> build_type_list(const std::vector<Type_Info> &tl)
-          {
-            auto begin = tl.begin();
-            auto end = tl.end();
+          return std::vector<Type_Info>(begin, end);
+        }
 
-            if (begin != end)
-            {
-              ++begin;
-            }
+        bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const noexcept override {
+          const Dynamic_Object_Constructor *dc = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Constructor *>(&f);
+          return (dc != nullptr) && dc->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc->m_func) == (*m_func);
+        }
 
-            return std::vector<Type_Info>(begin, end);
-          }
+        bool call_match(const chaiscript::Function_Params &vals, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override {
+          std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_vals{Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name))};
+          new_vals.insert(new_vals.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
 
-          virtual ~Dynamic_Object_Constructor() {}
+          return m_func->call_match(chaiscript::Function_Params{new_vals}, t_conversions);
+        }
 
-          virtual bool operator==(const Proxy_Function_Base &f) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            const Dynamic_Object_Constructor *dc = dynamic_cast<const Dynamic_Object_Constructor*>(&f);
-            return dc && dc->m_type_name == m_type_name && (*dc->m_func) == (*m_func);
-          }
+      protected:
+        Boxed_Value do_call(const chaiscript::Function_Params &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) const override {
+          auto bv = Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name), true);
+          std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_params{bv};
+          new_params.insert(new_params.end(), params.begin(), params.end());
 
-          virtual bool call_match(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &vals, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_vals{Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name))};
-            new_vals.insert(new_vals.end(), vals.begin(), vals.end());
+          (*m_func)(chaiscript::Function_Params{new_params}, t_conversions);
 
-            return m_func->call_match(new_vals, t_conversions);
-          }    
-
-          virtual std::string annotation() const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            return m_func->annotation();
-          }
-
-        protected:
-          virtual Boxed_Value do_call(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions) const CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-          {
-            auto bv = Boxed_Value(Dynamic_Object(m_type_name), true);
-            std::vector<Boxed_Value> new_params{bv};
-            new_params.insert(new_params.end(), params.begin(), params.end());
-
-            (*m_func)(new_params, t_conversions);
-
-            return bv;
-          }
-
-        private:
-          std::string m_type_name;
-          Proxy_Function m_func;
+          return bv;
+        }
 
+      private:
+        const std::string m_type_name;
+        const Proxy_Function m_func;
       };
-    }
-  }
-}
+    } // namespace detail
+  } // namespace dispatch
+} // namespace chaiscript
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/exception_specification.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_EXCEPTION_SPECIFICATION_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_EXCEPTION_SPECIFICATION_HPP_
 
@@ -13,93 +16,28 @@
 #include "boxed_cast.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-class Boxed_Value;
-namespace exception {
-class bad_boxed_cast;
-}  // namespace exception
-}  // namespace chaiscript
-
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace detail
-  {
-    /// \todo make this a variadic template
-    struct Exception_Handler_Base
-    {
+  namespace detail {
+    struct Exception_Handler_Base {
       virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) = 0;
 
-      virtual ~Exception_Handler_Base() {}
+      virtual ~Exception_Handler_Base() = default;
 
-      protected:
-        template<typename T>
-        void throw_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine)
-        {
-          try { T t = t_engine.boxed_cast<T>(bv); throw t; } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {}
+    protected:
+      template<typename T>
+      static void throw_type(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) {
+        try {
+          T t = t_engine.boxed_cast<T>(bv);
+          throw t;
+        } catch (const chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
         }
+      }
     };
 
-    template<typename T1>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl1 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl1() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-    template<typename T1, typename T2>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl2 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl2() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl3 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl3() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl4 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl4() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T4>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-    template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
-      struct Exception_Handler_Impl5 : Exception_Handler_Base
-      {
-        virtual ~Exception_Handler_Impl5() {}
-
-        virtual void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) CHAISCRIPT_OVERRIDE
-        {
-          throw_type<T1>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T2>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T3>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T4>(bv, t_engine);
-          throw_type<T5>(bv, t_engine);
-        }
-      };
-  }
+    template<typename... T>
+    struct Exception_Handler_Impl : Exception_Handler_Base {
+      void handle(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Dispatch_Engine &t_engine) override { (throw_type<T>(bv, t_engine), ...); }
+    };
+  } // namespace detail
 
   /// \brief Used in the automatic unboxing of exceptions thrown during script evaluation
   ///
@@ -111,7 +49,8 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
   ///
   /// try {
-  ///   chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const std::exception &>());
+  ///   chai.eval("throw(runtime_error(\"error\"))", chaiscript::exception_specification<int, double, float, const std::string &, const
+  ///   std::exception &>());
   /// } catch (const double e) {
   /// } catch (int) {
   /// } catch (float) {
@@ -136,7 +75,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
   ///
   /// Similarly, if you are using the ChaiScript::eval form that unboxes the return value, then chaiscript::exception::bad_boxed_cast
   /// should be handled as well.
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// \code
   /// try {
   ///   chai.eval<int>("1.0", chaiscript::exception_specification<const std::exception &>());
@@ -151,49 +90,14 @@ namespace chaiscript
   ///
   /// \sa chaiscript::exception_specification for creation of chaiscript::Exception_Handler objects
   /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  typedef std::shared_ptr<detail::Exception_Handler_Base> Exception_Handler;
+  using Exception_Handler = std::shared_ptr<detail::Exception_Handler_Base>;
 
   /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles one type of exception unboxing
   /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl1<T1>());
+  template<typename... T>
+  Exception_Handler exception_specification() {
+    return std::make_shared<detail::Exception_Handler_Impl<T...>>();
   }
-
-  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles two types of exception unboxing
-  /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1, typename T2>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl2<T1, T2>());
-  }
-
-  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles three types of exception unboxing
-  /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl3<T1, T2, T3>());
-  }
-
-  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles four types of exception unboxing
-  /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl4<T1, T2, T3, T4>());
-  }
-
-  /// \brief creates a chaiscript::Exception_Handler which handles five types of exception unboxing
-  /// \sa \ref exceptions
-  template<typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
-  Exception_Handler exception_specification()
-  {
-    return Exception_Handler(new detail::Exception_Handler_Impl5<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>());
-  }
-}
-
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_HPP_
 
@@ -14,20 +17,25 @@
 #include "boxed_cast.hpp"
 #include "function_call_detail.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
-#include "callable_traits.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-class Boxed_Value;
-class Type_Conversions;
-namespace detail {
-template <typename T> struct Cast_Helper;
-}  // namespace detail
-}  // namespace chaiscript
+  class Boxed_Value;
+  class Type_Conversions_State;
+  namespace detail {
+    template<typename T>
+    struct Cast_Helper;
+  } // namespace detail
+} // namespace chaiscript
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace dispatch {
+    namespace detail {
+      template<typename Ret, typename... Param>
+      constexpr auto arity(Ret (*)(Param...)) noexcept {
+        return sizeof...(Param);
+      }
+    } // namespace detail
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
     /// Build a function caller that knows how to dispatch on a set of functions
     /// example:
     /// std::function<void (int)> f =
@@ -35,22 +43,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \returns A std::function object for dispatching
     /// \param[in] funcs the set of functions to dispatch on.
     template<typename FunctionType>
-      std::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-      {
-        const bool has_arity_match = std::any_of(funcs.begin(), funcs.end(),
-            [](const Const_Proxy_Function &f) {
-              return f->get_arity() == -1 || size_t(f->get_arity()) == chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Arity<FunctionType>::arity;
-            });
+    std::function<FunctionType> functor(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions) {
+      const bool has_arity_match = std::any_of(funcs.begin(), funcs.end(), [](const Const_Proxy_Function &f) {
+        return f->get_arity() == -1 || size_t(f->get_arity()) == detail::arity(static_cast<FunctionType *>(nullptr));
+      });
 
-        if (!has_arity_match) {
-          throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>(), typeid(std::function<FunctionType>));
-        }
-
-        FunctionType *p=nullptr;
-        return detail::build_function_caller_helper(p, funcs, t_conversions);
+      if (!has_arity_match) {
+        throw exception::bad_boxed_cast(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>(), typeid(std::function<FunctionType>));
       }
 
+      FunctionType *p = nullptr;
+      return detail::build_function_caller_helper(p, funcs, t_conversions);
+    }
+
     /// Build a function caller for a particular Proxy_Function object
     /// useful in the case that a function is being pass out from scripting back
     /// into code
@@ -63,75 +68,55 @@ namespace chaiscript
     /// \returns A std::function object for dispatching
     /// \param[in] func A function to execute.
     template<typename FunctionType>
-      std::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(Const_Proxy_Function func, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-      {
-        return functor<FunctionType>(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>({std::move(func)}), t_conversions);
-      }
+    std::function<FunctionType> functor(Const_Proxy_Function func, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions) {
+      return functor<FunctionType>(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function>({std::move(func)}), t_conversions);
+    }
 
     /// Helper for automatically unboxing a Boxed_Value that contains a function object
     /// and creating a typesafe C++ function caller from it.
     template<typename FunctionType>
-      std::function<FunctionType>
-      functor(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-      {
-        return functor<FunctionType>(boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function >(bv, t_conversions), t_conversions);
-      }
-  }
+    std::function<FunctionType> functor(const Boxed_Value &bv, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions) {
+      return functor<FunctionType>(boxed_cast<Const_Proxy_Function>(bv, t_conversions), t_conversions);
+    }
+  } // namespace dispatch
 
-  namespace detail{
+  namespace detail {
     /// Cast helper to handle automatic casting to const std::function &
     template<typename Signature>
-      struct Cast_Helper<const std::function<Signature> &>
-      {
-        typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
-
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-        {
-          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
-          {
-            return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
-          } else {
-            return Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::function<Signature> &>::cast(ob, t_conversions);
-          }
+    struct Cast_Helper<const std::function<Signature> &> {
+      static std::function<Signature> cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions) {
+        if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>())) {
+          return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
+        } else {
+          return Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::function<Signature> &>::cast(ob, t_conversions);
         }
-      };
+      }
+    };
 
     /// Cast helper to handle automatic casting to std::function
     template<typename Signature>
-      struct Cast_Helper<std::function<Signature> >
-      {
-        typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
-
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-        {
-          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
-          {
-            return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
-          } else {
-            return Cast_Helper_Inner<std::function<Signature> >::cast(ob, t_conversions);
-          }
+    struct Cast_Helper<std::function<Signature>> {
+      static std::function<Signature> cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions) {
+        if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>())) {
+          return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
+        } else {
+          return Cast_Helper_Inner<std::function<Signature>>::cast(ob, t_conversions);
         }
-      };
+      }
+    };
 
     /// Cast helper to handle automatic casting to const std::function
     template<typename Signature>
-      struct Cast_Helper<const std::function<Signature> >
-      {
-        typedef std::function<Signature> Result_Type;
-
-        static Result_Type cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-        {
-          if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>()))
-          {
-            return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
-          } else {
-            return Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::function<Signature> >::cast(ob, t_conversions);
-          }
+    struct Cast_Helper<const std::function<Signature>> {
+      static std::function<Signature> cast(const Boxed_Value &ob, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions) {
+        if (ob.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<Const_Proxy_Function>())) {
+          return dispatch::functor<Signature>(ob, t_conversions);
+        } else {
+          return Cast_Helper_Inner<const std::function<Signature>>::cast(ob, t_conversions);
         }
-      };
-  }
-}
+      }
+    };
+  } // namespace detail
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_call_detail.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_CALL_DETAIL_HPP_
 
@@ -16,127 +19,79 @@
 #include "boxed_cast.hpp"
 #include "boxed_number.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
-#include "type_conversions.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
+#include "type_conversions.hpp"
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
-    namespace detail
-    {
-      /// Internal helper class for handling the return
-      /// value of a build_function_caller
-      template<typename Ret, bool is_arithmetic>
-        struct Function_Caller_Ret
-        {
-          static Ret call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
-              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-          {
-            return boxed_cast<Ret>(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions()), t_conversions);
-          }
-        };
-
-      /**
-       * Specialization for arithmetic return types
-       */
-      template<typename Ret>
-        struct Function_Caller_Ret<Ret, true>
-        {
-          static Ret call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
-              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Number(dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions())).get_as<Ret>();
-          }
-        };
-
-
-      /**
-       * Specialization for void return types
-       */
-      template<>
-        struct Function_Caller_Ret<void, false>
-        {
-          static void call(const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &t_funcs, 
-              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-          {
-            dispatch::dispatch(t_funcs, params, t_conversions?*t_conversions:Type_Conversions());
-          }
-        };
-
-      /**
-       * used internally for unwrapping a function call's types
-       */
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
-        struct Build_Function_Caller_Helper
-        {
-          Build_Function_Caller_Helper(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> t_funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-            : m_funcs(std::move(t_funcs)),
-              m_conversions(t_conversions)
-          {
-          }
-
-          template<typename ... P>
-          Ret operator()(P&&  ...  param)
-          {
-            return Function_Caller_Ret<Ret, std::is_arithmetic<Ret>::value && !std::is_same<Ret, bool>::value>::call(m_funcs, { 
-                box<P>(std::forward<P>(param))...
-                }, m_conversions
-
-                );
-
-          }
-
-          template<typename P, typename Q>
-          static auto box(Q&& q) -> typename std::enable_if<std::is_reference<P>::value&&!std::is_same<chaiscript::Boxed_Value, typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<P>::type>::type>::value, Boxed_Value>::type
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(std::ref(std::forward<Q>(q)));
-          }
-
-          template<typename P, typename Q>
-          static auto box(Q&& q) -> typename std::enable_if<!std::is_reference<P>::value&&!std::is_same<chaiscript::Boxed_Value, typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<P>::type>::type>::value, Boxed_Value>::type
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(std::forward<Q>(q));
-          }
-
-          template<typename P>
-          static Boxed_Value box(Boxed_Value bv)
-          {
-            return bv;
-          }
-
-
-          std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> m_funcs;
-          const Type_Conversions *m_conversions;
-        };
-
-
-
-      /// \todo what happens if t_conversions is deleted out from under us?!
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        std::function<Ret (Params...)> build_function_caller_helper(Ret (Params...), const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
-        {
-          /*
-          if (funcs.size() == 1)
-          {
-            std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret (Params...)>> pfi = 
-              std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret (Params...)> >
-                (funcs[0]);
-
-            if (pfi)
-            {
-              return pfi->internal_function();
-            } 
-            // looks like this either wasn't a Proxy_Function_Impl or the types didn't match
-            // we cannot make any other guesses or assumptions really, so continuing
-          }
-*/
-
-          return std::function<Ret (Params...)>(Build_Function_Caller_Helper<Ret, Params...>(funcs, t_conversions));
-        }
+namespace chaiscript::dispatch::detail {
+  /// used internally for unwrapping a function call's types
+  template<typename Ret, typename... Param>
+  struct Build_Function_Caller_Helper {
+    Build_Function_Caller_Helper(std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> t_funcs, const Type_Conversions *t_conversions)
+        : m_funcs(std::move(t_funcs))
+        , m_conversions(t_conversions) {
     }
+
+    Ret call(const chaiscript::Function_Params &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_state) {
+      if constexpr (std::is_arithmetic_v<Ret> && !std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<Ret>>, bool>) {
+        return Boxed_Number(dispatch::dispatch(m_funcs, params, t_state)).get_as<Ret>();
+      } else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<void, Ret>) {
+        dispatch::dispatch(m_funcs, params, t_state);
+      } else {
+        return boxed_cast<Ret>(dispatch::dispatch(m_funcs, params, t_state), &t_state);
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename... P>
+    Ret operator()(P &&...param) {
+      std::array<Boxed_Value, sizeof...(P)> params{box<P>(std::forward<P>(param))...};
+
+      if (m_conversions) {
+        Type_Conversions_State state(*m_conversions, m_conversions->conversion_saves());
+        return call(chaiscript::Function_Params{params}, state);
+      } else {
+        Type_Conversions conv;
+        Type_Conversions_State state(conv, conv.conversion_saves());
+        return call(chaiscript::Function_Params{params}, state);
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename P, typename Q>
+    static Boxed_Value box(Q &&q) {
+      if constexpr (std::is_same_v<chaiscript::Boxed_Value, std::decay_t<Q>>) {
+        return std::forward<Q>(q);
+      } else if constexpr (std::is_reference_v<P>) {
+        return Boxed_Value(std::ref(std::forward<Q>(q)));
+      } else {
+        return Boxed_Value(std::forward<Q>(q));
+      }
+    }
+
+    std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> m_funcs;
+    const Type_Conversions *m_conversions;
+  };
+
+  /// \todo what happens if t_conversions is deleted out from under us?!
+  template<typename Ret, typename... Params>
+  std::function<Ret(Params...)>
+  build_function_caller_helper(Ret(Params...), const std::vector<Const_Proxy_Function> &funcs, const Type_Conversions_State *t_conversions) {
+    /*
+    if (funcs.size() == 1)
+    {
+      std::shared_ptr<const Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret (Params...)>> pfi =
+        std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret (Params...)> >
+          (funcs[0]);
+
+      if (pfi)
+      {
+        return pfi->internal_function();
+      }
+      // looks like this either wasn't a Proxy_Function_Impl or the types didn't match
+      // we cannot make any other guesses or assumptions really, so continuing
+    }
+  */
+
+    return std::function<Ret(Params...)>(Build_Function_Caller_Helper<Ret, Params...>(funcs, t_conversions ? t_conversions->get() : nullptr));
   }
-}
+} // namespace chaiscript::dispatch::detail
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_params.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2017, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_PARAMS_HPP
+#define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_PARAMS_HPP
+
+#include "boxed_value.hpp"
+
+#include <span>
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+
+  using Function_Params = std::span<const Boxed_Value>;
+
+} // namespace chaiscript
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/function_signature.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_SIGNATURE_HPP
+#define CHAISCRIPT_FUNCTION_SIGNATURE_HPP
+
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace chaiscript::dispatch::detail {
+  template<typename... Param>
+  struct Function_Params {
+  };
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Params, bool IsNoExcept = false, bool IsMember = false, bool IsMemberObject = false, bool IsObject = false>
+  struct Function_Signature {
+    using Param_Types = Params;
+    using Return_Type = Ret;
+    constexpr static const bool is_object = IsObject;
+    constexpr static const bool is_member_object = IsMemberObject;
+    constexpr static const bool is_noexcept = IsNoExcept;
+    template<typename T>
+    constexpr Function_Signature(T &&) noexcept {
+    }
+    constexpr Function_Signature() noexcept = default;
+  };
+
+  // Free functions
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (*f)(Param...)) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Param...>>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (*f)(Param...) noexcept) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Param...>, true>;
+
+  // no reference specifier
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile Class &, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile noexcept)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile Class &, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile const)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile const Class &, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile const noexcept)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile const Class &, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...)) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Class &, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) noexcept) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Class &, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<const Class &, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const noexcept) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<const Class &, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  // & reference specifier
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile &) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile Class &, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile & noexcept)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile Class &, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile const &)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile const Class &, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile const & noexcept)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile const Class &, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) &) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Class &, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) & noexcept) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Class &, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const &) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<const Class &, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const & noexcept) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<const Class &, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  // && reference specifier
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile &&) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile Class &&, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile && noexcept)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile Class &&, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile const &&)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile const Class &&, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) volatile const && noexcept)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<volatile const Class &&, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) &&) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Class &&, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) && noexcept) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Class &&, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const &&) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<const Class &&, Param...>, false, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Param>
+  Function_Signature(Ret (Class::*f)(Param...) const && noexcept)
+      -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<const Class &&, Param...>, true, true>;
+
+  template<typename Ret, typename Class>
+  Function_Signature(Ret Class::*f) -> Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Class &>, true, true, true>;
+
+  // primary template handles types that have no nested ::type member:
+  template<class, class = std::void_t<>>
+  struct has_call_operator : std::false_type {
+  };
+
+  // specialization recognizes types that do have a nested ::type member:
+  template<class T>
+  struct has_call_operator<T, std::void_t<decltype(&T::operator())>> : std::true_type {
+  };
+
+  template<typename Func>
+  auto function_signature(const Func &f) {
+    if constexpr (has_call_operator<Func>::value) {
+      return Function_Signature<typename decltype(Function_Signature{&std::decay_t<Func>::operator()})::Return_Type,
+                                typename decltype(Function_Signature{&std::decay_t<Func>::operator()})::Param_Types,
+                                decltype(Function_Signature{&std::decay_t<Func>::operator()})::is_noexcept,
+                                false,
+                                false,
+                                true>{};
+    } else {
+      return Function_Signature{f};
+    }
+  }
+
+} // namespace chaiscript::dispatch::detail
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/handle_return.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_HANDLE_RETURN_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_HANDLE_RETURN_HPP_
 
@@ -15,264 +18,178 @@
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-class Boxed_Number;
-}  // namespace chaiscript
+  class Boxed_Number;
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
-    template<class T, class U> class Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl;
-    template<class T> class Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl;
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace dispatch {
+    template<class T, class U>
+    class Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl;
+    template<class T>
+    class Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl;
 
-    namespace detail
-    {
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
+    namespace detail {
+      /// Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return
-        {
-          template<typename T,
-                   typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_pod<typename std::decay<T>::type>::value>::type>
-          static Boxed_Value handle(T r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(std::move(r), true);
-          }
+      struct Handle_Return {
+        template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_trivial_v<typename std::decay_t<T>>>>
+        static Boxed_Value handle(T r) {
+          return Boxed_Value(std::move(r), true);
+        }
 
-          template<typename T,
-                   typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_pod<typename std::decay<T>::type>::value>::type>
-          static Boxed_Value handle(T &&r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(std::make_shared<T>(std::forward<T>(r)), true);
-          }
-        };
+        template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if_t<!(std::is_trivial_v<typename std::decay_t<T>>)>>
+        static Boxed_Value handle(T &&r) {
+          return Boxed_Value(std::make_shared<T>(std::forward<T>(r)), true);
+        }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<const std::function<Ret> &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
-              );
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<const std::function<Ret> &> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
+          return Boxed_Value(
+              chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f));
+        }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret>>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
-              );
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret>> : Handle_Return<const std::function<Ret> &> {
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
-                );
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
+          return Boxed_Value(
+              chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f), f));
+        }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
-              );
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &> : Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>> {
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(*f),f)
-              );
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>> : Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>> {
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret> &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(std::function<Ret> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(std::ref(f),
-                  std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>())
-              );
-          }
+      struct Handle_Return<std::function<Ret> &> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(std::function<Ret> &f) {
+          return Boxed_Value(chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Assignable_Proxy_Function_Impl<Ret>>(
+              std::ref(f), std::shared_ptr<std::function<Ret>>()));
+        }
 
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
-            return Boxed_Value(
-                chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f)
-              );
-          }
-        };
+        static Boxed_Value handle(const std::function<Ret> &f) {
+          return Boxed_Value(
+              chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret, std::function<Ret>>>(f));
+        }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<Ret *>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(Ret *p)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(p, true);
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<Ret *&> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(Ret *p) { return Boxed_Value(p, true); }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<const Ret *>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret *p)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(p, true);
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<const Ret *&> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret *p) { return Boxed_Value(p, true); }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<Ret *> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(Ret *p) { return Boxed_Value(p, true); }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> >
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<const Ret *> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret *p) { return Boxed_Value(p, true); }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(r, true);
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> &> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &r) { return Boxed_Value(r, true); }
+      };
 
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<const Ret &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret &r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(std::cref(r), true);
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret>> : Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> &> {
+      };
 
-
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
       template<typename Ret>
-        struct Handle_Return<Ret &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(Ret &r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(std::ref(r));
-          }
+      struct Handle_Return<const std::shared_ptr<Ret> &> : Handle_Return<std::shared_ptr<Ret> &> {
+      };
 
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Ret &r)
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(std::cref(r));
-          }
-        };
+      template<typename Ret>
+      struct Handle_Return<std::unique_ptr<Ret>> : Handle_Return<std::unique_ptr<Ret> &> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(std::unique_ptr<Ret> &&r) { return Boxed_Value(std::move(r), true); }
+      };
+
+      template<typename Ret, bool Ptr>
+      struct Handle_Return_Ref {
+        template<typename T>
+        static Boxed_Value handle(T &&r) {
+          return Boxed_Value(std::cref(r), false);
+        }
+      };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+      struct Handle_Return_Ref<Ret, true> {
+        template<typename T>
+        static Boxed_Value handle(T &&r) {
+          return Boxed_Value(typename std::remove_reference<decltype(r)>::type{r}, true);
+        }
+      };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+      struct Handle_Return<const Ret &> : Handle_Return_Ref<const Ret &, std::is_pointer<typename std::remove_reference<const Ret &>::type>::value> {
+      };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+      struct Handle_Return<const Ret> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(Ret r) { return Boxed_Value(std::move(r)); }
+      };
+
+      template<typename Ret>
+      struct Handle_Return<Ret &> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(Ret &r) { return Boxed_Value(std::ref(r)); }
+      };
+
+      template<>
+      struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Value> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r) noexcept { return r; }
+      };
+
+      template<>
+      struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value> : Handle_Return<Boxed_Value> {
+      };
+
+      template<>
+      struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Value &> : Handle_Return<Boxed_Value> {
+      };
+
+      template<>
+      struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value &> : Handle_Return<Boxed_Value> {
+      };
 
       /**
        * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
        */
       template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Value>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r)
-          {
-            return r;
-          }
-        };
+      struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Number> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Number &r) noexcept { return r.bv; }
+      };
+
+      template<>
+      struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Number> : Handle_Return<Boxed_Number> {
+      };
 
       /**
        * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
        */
       template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r)
-          {
-            return r;
-          }
-        };
-
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
-      template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Value &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r)
-          {
-            return r;
-          }
-        };
-
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
-      template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Value &>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Value &r)
-          {
-            return r;
-          }
-        };
-
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
-      template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<Boxed_Number>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Number &r)
-          {
-            return r.bv;
-          }
-        };
-
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
-      template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<const Boxed_Number>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle(const Boxed_Number &r)
-          {
-            return r.bv;
-          }
-        };
-
-
-      /**
-       * Used internally for handling a return value from a Proxy_Function call
-       */
-      template<>
-        struct Handle_Return<void>
-        {
-          static Boxed_Value handle()
-          {
-            return Boxed_Value(Boxed_Value::Void_Type());
-          }
-        };
-    }
-  }
-}
+      struct Handle_Return<void> {
+        static Boxed_Value handle() { return void_var(); }
+      };
+    } // namespace detail
+  } // namespace dispatch
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/operators.hpp

@@ -1,465 +1,184 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_OPERATORS_HPP_
 
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
+#include "../dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
 #include "register_function.hpp"
 
-namespace chaiscript 
-{
-  namespace bootstrap
-  {
-    namespace operators
-    {
-      namespace detail
-      {
-        /// \todo make this return a decltype once we drop gcc 4.6
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign(L l, R r) -> L&
-          {
-            return (l = r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_bitwise_and(L l, R r) -> decltype((l &= r))
-          {
-            return (l &= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_xor(L l, R r) -> decltype((l^=r))
-          {
-            return (l ^= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_bitwise_or(L l, R r) -> decltype((l |= r))
-          {
-            return (l |= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_difference(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l -= r))
-          {
-            return (l -= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_left_shift(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l <<= r))
-          {
-            return (l <<= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_product(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l *= r ))
-          {
-            return (l *= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_quotient(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l /= r ))
-          {
-            return (l /= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_remainder(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l %= r ))
-          {
-            return (l %= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_right_shift(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l >>= r))
-          {
-            return (l >>= r);
-          }
-
-        /// \todo make this return a decltype once we drop gcc 4.6
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto assign_sum(L l, R r) -> L&
-          {
-            return (l += r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L>
-          auto prefix_decrement(L l) -> decltype(( --l ))
-          {
-            return (--l);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L>
-          auto prefix_increment(L l) -> decltype(( ++l ))
-          {
-            return (++l);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto equal(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l == r ))
-          {
-            return (l == r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto greater_than(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l > r ))
-          {
-            return (l > r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto greater_than_equal(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l >= r ))
-          {
-            return (l >= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto less_than(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l < r ))
-          {
-            return (l < r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto less_than_equal(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l <= r ))
-          {
-            return (l <= r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L>
-          auto logical_compliment(L l) -> decltype(( !l ))
-          {
-            return (!l);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto not_equal(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l != r ))
-          {
-            return (l != r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto addition(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l + r ))
-          {
-            return (l + r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L>
-          auto unary_plus(L l) -> decltype(( +l ))
-          {
-            return (+l);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto subtraction(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l - r ))
-          {
-            return (l - r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L>
-          auto unary_minus(L l) -> decltype(( -l ))
-          {
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4146)
-            return (-l);
-#pragma warning(pop)
-#else
-            return (-l);
-#endif
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto bitwise_and(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l & r ))
-          {
-            return (l & r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L>
-          auto bitwise_compliment(L l) -> decltype(( ~l ))
-          {
-            return (~l);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto bitwise_xor(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l ^ r ))
-          {
-            return (l ^ r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto bitwise_or(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l | r ))
-          {
-            return (l | r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto division(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l / r ))
-          {
-            return (l / r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto left_shift(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l << r ))
-          {
-            return l << r;
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto multiplication(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l * r ))
-          {
-            return l * r;
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto remainder(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l % r ))
-          {
-            return (l % r);
-          }
-
-        template<typename L, typename R>
-          auto right_shift(L l, R r) -> decltype(( l >> r ))
-          {
-            return (l >> r);
-          }
-      }
-
-
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign<T &, const T&>), "=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_bitwise_and<T &, const T&>), "&=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_xor(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_xor<T &, const T&>), "^=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_bitwise_or<T &, const T&>), "|=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_difference(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_difference<T &, const T&>), "-=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_left_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_left_shift<T &, const T&>), "<<=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_product(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_product<T &, const T&>), "*=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_quotient(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_quotient<T &, const T&>), "/=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_remainder(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_remainder<T &, const T&>), "%=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_right_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_right_shift<T &, const T&>), ">>=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr assign_sum(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::assign_sum<T &, const T&>), "+=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr prefix_decrement(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::prefix_decrement<T &>), "--");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr prefix_increment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::prefix_increment<T &>), "++");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::equal<const T&, const T&>), "==");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr greater_than(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::greater_than<const T&, const T&>), ">");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr greater_than_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::greater_than_equal<const T&, const T&>), ">=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr less_than(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::less_than<const T&, const T&>), "<");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr less_than_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::less_than_equal<const T&, const T&>), "<=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr logical_compliment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::logical_compliment<const T &>), "!");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr not_equal(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::not_equal<const T &, const T &>), "!=");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr addition(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::addition<const T &, const T &>), "+");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr unary_plus(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::unary_plus<const T &>), "+");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr subtraction(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::subtraction<const T &, const T &>), "-");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr unary_minus(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::unary_minus<const T &>), "-");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr bitwise_and(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_and<const T &, const T &>), "&");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr bitwise_compliment(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_compliment<const T &>), "~");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr bitwise_xor(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_xor<const T &, const T &>), "^");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr bitwise_or(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::bitwise_or<const T &, const T &>), "|");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr division(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::division<const T &, const T &>), "/");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr left_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::left_shift<const T &, const T &>), "<<");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr multiplication(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::multiplication<const T &, const T &>), "*");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr remainder(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::remainder<const T &, const T &>), "%");
-          return m;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        ModulePtr right_shift(ModulePtr m = std::make_shared<Module>())
-        {
-          m->add(chaiscript::fun(&detail::right_shift<const T &, const T &>), ">>");
-          return m;
-        }
-    }
+namespace chaiscript::bootstrap::operators {
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs = rhs; }), "=");
   }
-}
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_bitwise_and(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs &= rhs; }), "&=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_xor(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs ^= rhs; }), "^=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_bitwise_or(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs |= rhs; }), "|=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_difference(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs -= rhs; }), "-=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_left_shift(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs <<= rhs; }), "<<=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_product(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs <<= rhs; }), "*=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_quotient(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs /= rhs; }), "/=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_remainder(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs %= rhs; }), "%=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_right_shift(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs >>= rhs; }), ">>=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void assign_sum(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs, const T &rhs) -> T & { return lhs += rhs; }), "+=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void prefix_decrement(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs) -> T & { return --lhs; }), "--");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void prefix_increment(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](T &lhs) -> T & { return ++lhs; }), "++");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void equal(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs == rhs; }), "==");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void greater_than(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs > rhs; }), ">");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void greater_than_equal(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs >= rhs; }), ">=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void less_than(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs < rhs; }), "<");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void less_than_equal(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs <= rhs; }), "<=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void logical_compliment(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs) { return !lhs; }), "!");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void not_equal(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs != rhs; }), "!=");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void addition(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs + rhs; }), "+");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void unary_plus(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs) { return +lhs; }), "+");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void subtraction(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs - rhs; }), "-");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void unary_minus(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs) { return -lhs; }), "-");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void bitwise_and(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs & rhs; }), "&");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void bitwise_compliment(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs) { return ~lhs; }), "~");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void bitwise_xor(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs ^ rhs; }), "^");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void bitwise_or(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs | rhs; }), "|");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void division(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs / rhs; }), "/");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void left_shift(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs << rhs; }), "<<");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void multiplication(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs * rhs; }), "*");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void remainder(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs % rhs; }), "%");
+  }
+
+  template<typename T, typename ModuleType>
+  void right_shift(ModuleType &m) {
+    m.add(chaiscript::fun([](const T &lhs, const T &rhs) { return lhs >> rhs; }), ">>");
+  }
+} // namespace chaiscript::bootstrap::operators
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_constructors.hpp

@@ -1,38 +1,41 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
 
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_CONSTRUCTORS_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_CONSTRUCTORS_HPP_
 
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
-    namespace detail
-    {
+namespace chaiscript::dispatch::detail {
+  template<typename Class, typename... Params>
+  Proxy_Function build_constructor_(Class (*)(Params...)) {
+    if constexpr (!std::is_copy_constructible_v<Class>) {
+      auto call = [](auto &&...param) { return std::make_shared<Class>(std::forward<decltype(param)>(param)...); };
 
-      template<typename Class, typename ... Params  >
-        Proxy_Function build_constructor_(Class (*)(Params...))
-        {
-          auto call = dispatch::detail::Constructor<Class, Params...>();
+      return Proxy_Function(
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base,
+                                  dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<std::shared_ptr<Class>(Params...), decltype(call)>>(call));
+    } else if constexpr (true) {
+      auto call = [](auto &&...param) { return Class(std::forward<decltype(param)>(param)...); };
 
-          return Proxy_Function(
-            chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<std::shared_ptr<Class> (Params...), decltype(call)>>(call));
-        }
+      return Proxy_Function(
+          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Class(Params...), decltype(call)>>(
+              call));
     }
   }
+} // namespace chaiscript::dispatch::detail
 
-
+namespace chaiscript {
   /// \brief Generates a constructor function for use with ChaiScript
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// \tparam T The signature of the constructor to generate. In the form of: ClassType (ParamType1, ParamType2, ...)
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// Example:
   /// \code
   ///    chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
@@ -41,13 +44,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
   ///    chai.add(constructor<MyClass (int, float)>(), "MyClass");
   /// \endcode
   template<typename T>
-    Proxy_Function constructor()
-    {
-      T *f = nullptr;
-      return (dispatch::detail::build_constructor_(f));
-    }
-
-}
+  Proxy_Function constructor() {
+    T *f = nullptr;
+    return (dispatch::detail::build_constructor_(f));
+  }
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/proxy_functions_detail.hpp

@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_PROXY_FUNCTIONS_DETAIL_HPP_
 
+#include <array>
 #include <functional>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <vector>
@@ -14,262 +18,104 @@
 #include "../chaiscript_defines.hpp"
 #include "boxed_cast.hpp"
 #include "boxed_value.hpp"
+#include "function_params.hpp"
 #include "handle_return.hpp"
 #include "type_info.hpp"
-#include "callable_traits.hpp"
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-class Type_Conversions;
-namespace exception {
-class bad_boxed_cast;
-}  // namespace exception
-}  // namespace chaiscript
+  class Type_Conversions_State;
+  namespace exception {
+    class bad_boxed_cast;
+  } // namespace exception
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace exception
-  {
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace exception {
     /**
      * Exception thrown when there is a mismatch in number of
      * parameters during Proxy_Function execution
      */
-    struct arity_error : std::range_error
-    {
+    struct arity_error : std::range_error {
       arity_error(int t_got, int t_expected)
-        : std::range_error("Function dispatch arity mismatch"),
-        got(t_got), expected(t_expected)
-      {
+          : std::range_error("Function dispatch arity mismatch")
+          , got(t_got)
+          , expected(t_expected) {
       }
 
       arity_error(const arity_error &) = default;
 
-      virtual ~arity_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      ~arity_error() noexcept override = default;
 
       int got;
       int expected;
     };
-  }
+  } // namespace exception
 
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
-    namespace detail
-    {
+  namespace dispatch {
+    namespace detail {
       /**
        * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to return a list of all param types
        * it contains.
        */
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_type_list(Ret (*)(Params...))
-        {
-          /// \note somehow this is responsible for a large part of the code generation
-          return { user_type<Ret>(), user_type<Params>()... };
-        }
-
-
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_GCC_4_6 
-      /// \todo REMOVE THIS WHEN WE DROP G++4.6
-
-
-      // Forward declaration
-      template<typename ... Rest> 
-        struct Try_Cast; 
-
-      template<typename Param, typename ... Rest>
-        struct Try_Cast<Param, Rest...>
-        {
-          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, size_t generation, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-          {
-            boxed_cast<Param>(params[generation], &t_conversions);
-            Try_Cast<Rest...>::do_try(params, generation+1, t_conversions);
-          }
-        };
-
-      // 0th case
-      template<>
-        struct Try_Cast<>
-        {
-          static void do_try(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &, size_t, const Type_Conversions &)
-          {
-          }
-        };
-
+      template<typename Ret, typename... Params>
+      std::vector<Type_Info> build_param_type_list(Ret (*)(Params...)) {
+        /// \note somehow this is responsible for a large part of the code generation
+        return {user_type<Ret>(), user_type<Params>()...};
+      }
 
       /**
        * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to determine if it is equivalent to another
        * Proxy_Function_Impl object. This function is primarily used to prevent
        * registration of two functions with the exact same signatures
        */
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        bool compare_types_cast(Ret (*)(Params...),
-             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          try {
-            Try_Cast<Params...>::do_try(params, 0, t_conversions);
-          } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
-            return false;
-          }
-
+      template<typename Ret, typename... Params>
+      bool compare_types_cast(Ret (*)(Params...), const chaiscript::Function_Params &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) noexcept {
+        try {
+          std::vector<Boxed_Value>::size_type i = 0;
+          (boxed_cast<Params>(params[i++], &t_conversions), ...);
           return true;
+        } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+          return false;
         }
+      }
 
-      template<typename Ret, int count, typename ... Params>
-        struct Call_Func
-        {
+      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename... Params, size_t... I>
+      Ret call_func_impl(Ret (*)(Params...),
+                         std::index_sequence<I...>,
+                         const Callable &f,
+                         [[maybe_unused]] const chaiscript::Function_Params &params,
+                         [[maybe_unused]] const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) {
+        return f(boxed_cast<Params>(params[I], &t_conversions)...);
+      }
 
-          template<typename Callable, typename ... InnerParams>
-          static Ret do_call(const Callable &f,
-              const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions, InnerParams &&... innerparams)
-          {
-            return Call_Func<Ret, count - 1, Params...>::do_call(f, params, t_conversions, std::forward<InnerParams>(innerparams)..., params[sizeof...(Params) - count]);
-          } 
-        };
+      /// Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to perform typesafe execution of a function.
+      /// The function attempts to unbox each parameter to the expected type.
+      /// if any unboxing fails the execution of the function fails and
+      /// the bad_boxed_cast is passed up to the caller.
+      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename... Params>
+      Boxed_Value
+      call_func(Ret (*sig)(Params...), const Callable &f, const chaiscript::Function_Params &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) {
+        return Handle_Return<Ret>::handle(call_func_impl(sig, std::index_sequence_for<Params...>{}, f, params, t_conversions));
+      }
 
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        struct Call_Func<Ret, 0, Params...>
-        {
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+// MSVC has a broken warning for unreachable code in this block
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
 #pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4100) /// Disable unreferenced formal parameter warning, which only shows up in MSVC I don't think there's any way around it \todo evaluate this
+#pragma warning(disable : 4702)
 #endif
-          template<typename Callable, typename ... InnerParams>
-            static Ret do_call(const Callable &f,
-                const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions, InnerParams &&... innerparams)
-            {
-              return f(boxed_cast<Params>(std::forward<InnerParams>(innerparams), &t_conversions)...);
-            }
-#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+      template<typename Callable, typename... Params>
+      Boxed_Value
+      call_func(void (*sig)(Params...), const Callable &f, const chaiscript::Function_Params &params, const Type_Conversions_State &t_conversions) {
+        call_func_impl(sig, std::index_sequence_for<Params...>{}, f, params, t_conversions);
+        return Handle_Return<void>::handle();
+      }
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #endif
-        };
 
-      /**
-       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to perform typesafe execution of a function.
-       * The function attempts to unbox each parameter to the expected type.
-       * if any unboxing fails the execution of the function fails and
-       * the bad_boxed_cast is passed up to the caller.
-       */
-      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &, const Callable &f,
-            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          if (params.size() == sizeof...(Params))
-          {
-            return Call_Func<Ret, sizeof...(Params), Params...>::do_call(f, params, t_conversions);
-          }
+    } // namespace detail
+  } // namespace dispatch
 
-          throw exception::arity_error(static_cast<int>(params.size()), sizeof...(Params));
-        }
-
-
-
-#else
-
-      template<size_t ... I>
-      struct Indexes
-      {
-      };
-
-      template<size_t S, size_t ... I> 
-      struct Make_Indexes
-      {
-        typedef typename Make_Indexes<S-1, I..., sizeof...(I)>::indexes indexes;
-      };
-
-      template<size_t ... I>
-      struct Make_Indexes<0, I...>
-      {
-        typedef Indexes<I...> indexes;
-      };
-
-
-
-      /**
-       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to determine if it is equivalent to another
-       * Proxy_Function_Impl object. This function is primarily used to prevent
-       * registration of two functions with the exact same signatures
-       */
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params, size_t ... I>
-        bool compare_types_cast(Indexes<I...>, Ret (*)(Params...),
-             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          try {
-            (void)params; (void)t_conversions;
-            (void)std::initializer_list<int>{(boxed_cast<Params>(params[I], &t_conversions), 0)...};
-            return true;
-          } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
-            return false;
-          }
-
-        }
-
-      template<typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        bool compare_types_cast(Ret (*f)(Params...),
-             const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          typedef typename Make_Indexes<sizeof...(Params)>::indexes indexes;
-          return compare_types_cast(indexes(), f, params, t_conversions);
-        }
-
-
-      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params, size_t ... I>
-        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &, Indexes<I...>, const Callable &f,
-            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          (void)params; (void)t_conversions;
-          return f(boxed_cast<Params>(params[I], &t_conversions)...);
-        }
-
-
-      /**
-       * Used by Proxy_Function_Impl to perform typesafe execution of a function.
-       * The function attempts to unbox each parameter to the expected type.
-       * if any unboxing fails the execution of the function fails and
-       * the bad_boxed_cast is passed up to the caller.
-       */
-      template<typename Callable, typename Ret, typename ... Params>
-        Ret call_func(const chaiscript::dispatch::detail::Function_Signature<Ret (Params...)> &sig, const Callable &f,
-            const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-        {
-          typedef typename Make_Indexes<sizeof...(Params)>::indexes indexes;
-          return call_func(sig, indexes(), f, params, t_conversions);
-        }
-
-#endif
-
-    }
-  }
-
-}
-
-
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-  namespace dispatch
-  {
-    namespace detail
-    {
-    template<typename Ret>
-      struct Do_Call
-      {
-        template<typename Signature, typename Callable>
-          static Boxed_Value go(const Callable &fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-          {
-            return Handle_Return<Ret>::handle(call_func(Function_Signature<Signature>(), fun, params, t_conversions));
-          }
-      };
-
-    template<>
-      struct Do_Call<void>
-      {
-        template<typename Signature, typename Callable>
-          static Boxed_Value go(const Callable &fun, const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &params, const Type_Conversions &t_conversions)
-          {
-            call_func(Function_Signature<Signature>(), fun, params, t_conversions);
-            return Handle_Return<void>::handle();
-          }
-      };
-    }
-  }
-}
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/register_function.hpp

@@ -1,19 +1,61 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_REGISTER_FUNCTION_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_REGISTER_FUNCTION_HPP_
 
 #include <type_traits>
 
 #include "bind_first.hpp"
+#include "function_signature.hpp"
 #include "proxy_functions.hpp"
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace dispatch::detail {
+    template<typename Obj, typename Param1, typename... Rest>
+    Param1 get_first_param(Function_Params<Param1, Rest...>, Obj &&obj) {
+      return static_cast<Param1>(std::forward<Obj>(obj));
+    }
+
+    template<typename Func, bool Is_Noexcept, bool Is_Member, bool Is_MemberObject, bool Is_Object, typename Ret, typename... Param>
+    auto make_callable_impl(Func &&func, Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Param...>, Is_Noexcept, Is_Member, Is_MemberObject, Is_Object>) {
+      if constexpr (Is_MemberObject) {
+        // we now that the Param pack will have only one element, so we are safe expanding it here
+        return Proxy_Function(chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Attribute_Access<Ret, std::decay_t<Param>...>>(
+            std::forward<Func>(func)));
+      } else if constexpr (Is_Member) {
+        // TODO some kind of bug is preventing forwarding of this noexcept for the lambda
+        auto call = [func = std::forward<Func>(func)](auto &&obj, auto &&...param) /* noexcept(Is_Noexcept) */ -> decltype(auto) {
+          return ((get_first_param(Function_Params<Param...>{}, obj).*func)(std::forward<decltype(param)>(param)...));
+        };
+        return Proxy_Function(
+            chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret(Param...), decltype(call)>>(
+                std::move(call)));
+      } else {
+        return Proxy_Function(
+            chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret(Param...), std::decay_t<Func>>>(
+                std::forward<Func>(func)));
+      }
+    }
+
+    // this version peels off the function object itself from the function signature, when used
+    // on a callable object
+    template<typename Func, typename Ret, typename Object, typename... Param, bool Is_Noexcept>
+    auto make_callable(Func &&func, Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Object, Param...>, Is_Noexcept, false, false, true>) {
+      return make_callable_impl(std::forward<Func>(func), Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Param...>, Is_Noexcept, false, false, true>{});
+    }
+
+    template<typename Func, typename Ret, typename... Param, bool Is_Noexcept, bool Is_Member, bool Is_MemberObject>
+    auto make_callable(Func &&func, Function_Signature<Ret, Function_Params<Param...>, Is_Noexcept, Is_Member, Is_MemberObject, false> fs) {
+      return make_callable_impl(std::forward<Func>(func), fs);
+    }
+  } // namespace dispatch::detail
 
   /// \brief Creates a new Proxy_Function object from a free function, member function or data member
   /// \param[in] t Function / member to expose
@@ -27,62 +69,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
   ///     void memberfunction();
   ///     int memberdata;
   /// };
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
   /// chai.add(fun(&myfunction), "myfunction");
   /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberfunction), "memberfunction");
   /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberdata), "memberdata");
   /// \endcode
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// \sa \ref adding_functions
   template<typename T>
-    Proxy_Function fun(const T &t)
-    {
-      typedef typename dispatch::detail::Callable_Traits<T>::Signature Signature;
+  Proxy_Function fun(T &&t) {
+    return dispatch::detail::make_callable(std::forward<T>(t), dispatch::detail::function_signature(t));
+  }
 
-      return Proxy_Function(
-          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Signature, T>>(t));
-    }
-
-  template<typename Ret, typename ... Param>
-    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (*func)(Param...))
-    {
-      auto fun_call = dispatch::detail::Fun_Caller<Ret, Param...>(func);
-
-      return Proxy_Function(
-          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (Param...), decltype(fun_call)>>(fun_call));
-
-    }
-
-  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
-    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...) const)
-    {
-      auto call = dispatch::detail::Const_Caller<Ret, Class, Param...>(t_func);
-
-      return Proxy_Function(
-          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (const Class &, Param...), decltype(call)>>(call));
-    }
-
-  template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename ... Param>
-    Proxy_Function fun(Ret (Class::*t_func)(Param...))
-    {
-      auto call = dispatch::detail::Caller<Ret, Class, Param...>(t_func);
-
-      return Proxy_Function(
-          chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Proxy_Function_Callable_Impl<Ret (Class &, Param...), decltype(call)>>(call));
-
-    }
-
-
-  template<typename T, typename Class /*, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::type*/>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T Class::* m /*, typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_object_pointer<T>::value>::type* = 0*/ )
-    {
-      return Proxy_Function(chaiscript::make_shared<dispatch::Proxy_Function_Base, dispatch::Attribute_Access<T, Class>>(m));
-    }
-
-
-
-  
   /// \brief Creates a new Proxy_Function object from a free function, member function or data member and binds the first parameter of it
   /// \param[in] t Function / member to expose
   /// \param[in] q Value to bind to first parameter
@@ -93,48 +92,19 @@ namespace chaiscript
   /// {
   ///   void memberfunction(int);
   /// };
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// MyClass obj;
   /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
   /// // Add function taking only one argument, an int, and permanently bound to "obj"
-  /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberfunction, std::ref(obj)), "memberfunction"); 
+  /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberfunction, std::ref(obj)), "memberfunction");
   /// \endcode
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// \sa \ref adding_functions
   template<typename T, typename Q>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T &&t, const Q &q)
-    {
-      return fun(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), q));
-    }
-
-  /// \brief Creates a new Proxy_Function object from a free function or member function and binds the first and second parameters of it
-  /// \param[in] t Function / member to expose
-  /// \param[in] q Value to bind to first parameter
-  /// \param[in] r Value to bind to second parameter
-  ///
-  /// \b Example:
-  /// \code
-  /// struct MyClass
-  /// {
-  ///   void memberfunction(int);
-  /// };
-  /// 
-  /// MyClass obj;
-  /// chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;
-  /// // Add function taking only no arguments, and permanently bound to "obj" and "1"
-  /// // memberfunction() will be equivalent to obj.memberfunction(1)
-  /// chai.add(fun(&MyClass::memberfunction, std::ref(obj), 1), "memberfunction"); 
-  /// \endcode
-  /// 
-  /// \sa \ref adding_functions
-  template<typename T, typename Q, typename R>
-    Proxy_Function fun(T &&t, Q &&q, R &&r)
-    {
-      return fun(detail::bind_first(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), std::forward<Q>(q)), std::forward<R>(r)));
-    }
-
-}
+  Proxy_Function fun(T &&t, const Q &q) {
+    return fun(detail::bind_first(std::forward<T>(t), q));
+  }
 
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/dispatchkit/type_info.hpp

@@ -1,244 +1,212 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_TYPE_INFO_HPP_
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <typeinfo>
-#include <string>
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-
-  namespace detail
-  {
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace detail {
     template<typename T>
-      struct Bare_Type
-      {
-        typedef typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_pointer<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::type type;
-      };
-  }
-
+    struct Bare_Type {
+      using type = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_pointer<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::type;
+    };
+  } // namespace detail
 
   /// \brief Compile time deduced information about a type
-  class Type_Info
-  {
-    public:
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR Type_Info(bool t_is_const, bool t_is_reference, bool t_is_pointer, bool t_is_void, 
-          bool t_is_arithmetic, const std::type_info *t_ti, const std::type_info *t_bare_ti)
-        : m_type_info(t_ti), m_bare_type_info(t_bare_ti),
-        m_is_const(t_is_const), m_is_reference(t_is_reference), m_is_pointer(t_is_pointer),
-        m_is_void(t_is_void), m_is_arithmetic(t_is_arithmetic),
-        m_is_undef(false)
-      {
+  class Type_Info {
+  public:
+    constexpr Type_Info(const bool t_is_const,
+                        const bool t_is_reference,
+                        const bool t_is_pointer,
+                        const bool t_is_void,
+                        const bool t_is_arithmetic,
+                        const std::type_info *t_ti,
+                        const std::type_info *t_bare_ti) noexcept
+        : m_type_info(t_ti)
+        , m_bare_type_info(t_bare_ti)
+        , m_flags((static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_const) << is_const_flag) + (static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_reference) << is_reference_flag)
+                  + (static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_pointer) << is_pointer_flag) + (static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_void) << is_void_flag)
+                  + (static_cast<unsigned int>(t_is_arithmetic) << is_arithmetic_flag)) {
+    }
+
+    constexpr Type_Info() noexcept = default;
+
+    bool operator<(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept { return m_type_info->before(*ti.m_type_info); }
+
+    constexpr bool operator!=(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept { return !(operator==(ti)); }
+
+    constexpr bool operator!=(const std::type_info &ti) const noexcept { return !(operator==(ti)); }
+
+    constexpr bool operator==(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept {
+      return ti.m_type_info == m_type_info || *ti.m_type_info == *m_type_info;
+    }
+
+    constexpr bool operator==(const std::type_info &ti) const noexcept { return !is_undef() && (*m_type_info) == ti; }
+
+    constexpr bool bare_equal(const Type_Info &ti) const noexcept {
+      return ti.m_bare_type_info == m_bare_type_info || *ti.m_bare_type_info == *m_bare_type_info;
+    }
+
+    constexpr bool bare_equal_type_info(const std::type_info &ti) const noexcept { return !is_undef() && (*m_bare_type_info) == ti; }
+
+    constexpr bool is_const() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_const_flag)) != 0; }
+    constexpr bool is_reference() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_reference_flag)) != 0; }
+    constexpr bool is_void() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_void_flag)) != 0; }
+    constexpr bool is_arithmetic() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_arithmetic_flag)) != 0; }
+    constexpr bool is_undef() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_undef_flag)) != 0; }
+    constexpr bool is_pointer() const noexcept { return (m_flags & (1 << is_pointer_flag)) != 0; }
+
+    const char *name() const noexcept {
+      if (!is_undef()) {
+        return m_type_info->name();
+      } else {
+        return "";
       }
+    }
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR Type_Info()
-        : m_type_info(nullptr), m_bare_type_info(nullptr),
-        m_is_const(false), m_is_reference(false), m_is_pointer(false),
-        m_is_void(false), m_is_arithmetic(false), 
-        m_is_undef(true)
-      {
+    const char *bare_name() const noexcept {
+      if (!is_undef()) {
+        return m_bare_type_info->name();
+      } else {
+        return "";
       }
+    }
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER != 1800
-      Type_Info(Type_Info&&) = default;
-      Type_Info& operator=(Type_Info&&) = default;
-#endif
+    constexpr const std::type_info *bare_type_info() const noexcept { return m_bare_type_info; }
 
-      Type_Info(const Type_Info&) = default;
-      Type_Info& operator=(const Type_Info&) = default;
+    void make_const() noexcept { m_flags |= (1 << is_const_flag); }
 
+  private:
+    struct Unknown_Type {
+    };
 
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_type_info < ti.m_type_info;
-      }
-
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return ti.m_type_info == m_type_info
-          || (ti.m_type_info && m_type_info && *ti.m_type_info == *m_type_info);
-      }
-
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool operator==(const std::type_info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_type_info != nullptr && (*m_type_info) == ti;
-      }
-
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool bare_equal(const Type_Info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return ti.m_bare_type_info == m_bare_type_info 
-          || (ti.m_bare_type_info && m_bare_type_info && *ti.m_bare_type_info == *m_bare_type_info);
-      }
-
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool bare_equal_type_info(const std::type_info &ti) const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-      {
-        return m_bare_type_info != nullptr 
-          && (*m_bare_type_info) == ti;
-      }
-
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_const() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_const; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_reference() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_reference; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_void() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_void; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_arithmetic() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_arithmetic; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_undef() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_undef; }
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR bool is_pointer() const CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT { return m_is_pointer; }
-
-      std::string name() const
-      {
-        if (m_type_info)
-        {
-          return m_type_info->name();
-        } else {
-          return "";
-        }
-      }
-
-      std::string bare_name() const
-      {
-        if (m_bare_type_info)
-        {
-          return m_bare_type_info->name();
-        } else {
-          return "";
-        }
-      }
-
-      CHAISCRIPT_CONSTEXPR const std::type_info *bare_type_info() const
-      {
-        return m_bare_type_info;
-      }
-
-    private:
-      const std::type_info *m_type_info;
-      const std::type_info *m_bare_type_info;
-      bool m_is_const;
-      bool m_is_reference;
-      bool m_is_pointer;
-      bool m_is_void;
-      bool m_is_arithmetic;
-      bool m_is_undef;
+    const std::type_info *m_type_info = &typeid(Unknown_Type);
+    const std::type_info *m_bare_type_info = &typeid(Unknown_Type);
+    static const int is_const_flag = 0;
+    static const int is_reference_flag = 1;
+    static const int is_pointer_flag = 2;
+    static const int is_void_flag = 3;
+    static const int is_arithmetic_flag = 4;
+    static const int is_undef_flag = 5;
+    unsigned int m_flags = (1 << is_undef_flag);
   };
 
-  namespace detail
-  {
+  namespace detail {
     /// Helper used to create a Type_Info object
     template<typename T>
-      struct Get_Type_Info
-      {
-        typedef T type;
-
-        static Type_Info get()
-        {
-          return Type_Info(std::is_const<typename std::remove_pointer<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::value, 
-              std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              std::is_void<T>::value,
-              (std::is_arithmetic<T>::value || std::is_arithmetic<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::value)
-                && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
-              &typeid(T),
-              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
-        }
-      };
+    struct Get_Type_Info {
+      constexpr static Type_Info get() noexcept {
+        return Type_Info(std::is_const<typename std::remove_pointer<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type>::value,
+                         std::is_reference<T>::value,
+                         std::is_pointer<T>::value,
+                         std::is_void<T>::value,
+                         (std::is_arithmetic<T>::value || std::is_arithmetic<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::value)
+                             && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+                         &typeid(T),
+                         &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
+      }
+    };
 
     template<typename T>
-      struct Get_Type_Info<std::shared_ptr<T> >
-      {
-        typedef T type;
-
-        static Type_Info get()
-        {
-          return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value, std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              std::is_void<T>::value,
-              std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
-              &typeid(std::shared_ptr<T> ), 
-              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
-        }
-      };
+    struct Get_Type_Info<std::shared_ptr<T>> {
+      constexpr static Type_Info get() noexcept {
+        return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value,
+                         std::is_reference<T>::value,
+                         std::is_pointer<T>::value,
+                         std::is_void<T>::value,
+                         std::is_arithmetic<T>::value
+                             && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+                         &typeid(std::shared_ptr<T>),
+                         &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
+      }
+    };
 
     template<typename T>
-      struct Get_Type_Info<const std::shared_ptr<T> &>
-      {
-        typedef T type;
-
-        static Type_Info get()
-        {
-          return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value, std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              std::is_void<T>::value,
-              std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
-              &typeid(const std::shared_ptr<T> &), 
-              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
-        }
-      };
+    struct Get_Type_Info<std::shared_ptr<T> &> : Get_Type_Info<std::shared_ptr<T>> {
+    };
 
     template<typename T>
-      struct Get_Type_Info<std::reference_wrapper<T> >
-      {
-        typedef T type;
-
-        static Type_Info get()
-        {
-          return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value, std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              std::is_void<T>::value,
-              std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
-              &typeid(std::reference_wrapper<T> ), 
-              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
-        }
-      };
+    struct Get_Type_Info<const std::shared_ptr<T> &> {
+      constexpr static Type_Info get() noexcept {
+        return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value,
+                         std::is_reference<T>::value,
+                         std::is_pointer<T>::value,
+                         std::is_void<T>::value,
+                         std::is_arithmetic<T>::value
+                             && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+                         &typeid(const std::shared_ptr<T> &),
+                         &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
+      }
+    };
 
     template<typename T>
-      struct Get_Type_Info<const std::reference_wrapper<T> &>
-      {
-        typedef T type;
+    struct Get_Type_Info<std::reference_wrapper<T>> {
+      constexpr static Type_Info get() noexcept {
+        return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value,
+                         std::is_reference<T>::value,
+                         std::is_pointer<T>::value,
+                         std::is_void<T>::value,
+                         std::is_arithmetic<T>::value
+                             && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+                         &typeid(std::reference_wrapper<T>),
+                         &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
+      }
+    };
 
-        static Type_Info get()
-        {
-          return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value, std::is_reference<T>::value, std::is_pointer<T>::value, 
-              std::is_void<T>::value,
-              std::is_arithmetic<T>::value && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
-              &typeid(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &), 
-              &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
-        }
-      };
+    template<typename T>
+    struct Get_Type_Info<const std::reference_wrapper<T> &> {
+      constexpr static Type_Info get() noexcept {
+        return Type_Info(std::is_const<T>::value,
+                         std::is_reference<T>::value,
+                         std::is_pointer<T>::value,
+                         std::is_void<T>::value,
+                         std::is_arithmetic<T>::value
+                             && !std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type, bool>::value,
+                         &typeid(const std::reference_wrapper<T> &),
+                         &typeid(typename Bare_Type<T>::type));
+      }
+    };
 
-  }
+  } // namespace detail
 
   /// \brief Creates a Type_Info object representing the type passed in
   /// \tparam T Type of object to get a Type_Info for, derived from the passed in parameter
   /// \return Type_Info for T
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// \b Example:
   /// \code
   /// int i;
   /// chaiscript::Type_Info ti = chaiscript::user_type(i);
   /// \endcode
   template<typename T>
-   Type_Info user_type(const T &/*t*/)
-  {
+  constexpr Type_Info user_type(const T & /*t*/) noexcept {
     return detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get();
   }
 
-
   /// \brief Creates a Type_Info object representing the templated type
   /// \tparam T Type of object to get a Type_Info for
   /// \return Type_Info for T
-  /// 
+  ///
   /// \b Example:
   /// \code
   /// chaiscript::Type_Info ti = chaiscript::user_type<int>();
   /// \endcode
   template<typename T>
-   Type_Info user_type()
-  {
+  constexpr Type_Info user_type() noexcept {
     return detail::Get_Type_Info<T>::get();
   }
 
-}
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif
-

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_algebraic.hpp

@@ -1,130 +1,168 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP_
 
+#include "../utility/hash.hpp"
+
+#include <array>
 #include <string>
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
-
+namespace chaiscript {
   struct Operators {
-    enum Opers
-    {
-      boolean_flag,
-      equals, less_than, greater_than, less_than_equal, greater_than_equal, not_equal, 
-      non_const_flag, 
-      assign, pre_increment, pre_decrement, assign_product, assign_sum,
-      assign_quotient, assign_difference,
-      non_const_int_flag,
-      assign_bitwise_and, assign_bitwise_or, assign_shift_left, assign_shift_right,
-      assign_remainder, assign_bitwise_xor,
-      const_int_flag,
-      shift_left, shift_right, remainder, bitwise_and, bitwise_or, bitwise_xor, bitwise_complement,
-      const_flag,
-      sum, quotient, product, difference, unary_plus, unary_minus, 
+    enum class Opers {
+      equals,
+      less_than,
+      greater_than,
+      less_than_equal,
+      greater_than_equal,
+      not_equal,
+      assign,
+      pre_increment,
+      pre_decrement,
+      assign_product,
+      assign_sum,
+      assign_quotient,
+      assign_difference,
+      assign_bitwise_and,
+      assign_bitwise_or,
+      assign_shift_left,
+      assign_shift_right,
+      assign_remainder,
+      assign_bitwise_xor,
+      shift_left,
+      shift_right,
+      remainder,
+      bitwise_and,
+      bitwise_or,
+      bitwise_xor,
+      bitwise_complement,
+      sum,
+      quotient,
+      product,
+      difference,
+      unary_plus,
+      unary_minus,
       invalid
     };
 
-    static const char *to_string(Opers t_oper) {
-      const char *opers[] = { 
-        "",
-        "==", "<", ">", "<=", ">=", "!=",
-        "",
-        "=", "++", "--", "*=", "+=",
-        "/=", "-=",
-        "",
-        "&=", "|=", "<<=", ">>=",
-        "%=", "^=",
-        "", 
-        "<<", ">>", "%", "&", "|", "^", "~",
-        "",
-        "+", "/", "*", "-", "+", "-",
-        ""
-      };
-      return opers[t_oper];
+    constexpr static std::string_view to_string(Opers t_oper) noexcept {
+      constexpr const std::array opers
+          = {"", "==", "<", ">", "<=", ">=", "!=", "", "=", "++", "--", "*=", "+=", "/=", "-=", "", "&=", "|=", "<<=", ">>=", "%=", "^=", "", "<<", ">>", "%", "&", "|", "^", "~", "", "+", "/", "*", "-", "+", "-", ""};
+      return opers[static_cast<std::size_t>(t_oper)];
     }
 
-    static Opers to_operator(const std::string &t_str, bool t_is_unary = false)
-    {
-      if (t_str == "==")
-      {
-        return equals;
-      } else if (t_str == "<") {
-        return less_than;
-      } else if (t_str == ">") {
-        return greater_than;
-      } else if (t_str == "<=") {
-        return less_than_equal; 
-      } else if (t_str == ">=") {
-        return greater_than_equal;
-      } else if (t_str == "!=") {
-        return not_equal;
-      } else if (t_str == "=") {
-        return assign;
-      } else if (t_str == "++") {
-        return pre_increment;
-      } else if (t_str == "--") {
-        return pre_decrement;
-      } else if (t_str == "*=") {
-        return assign_product;
-      } else if (t_str == "+=") {
-        return assign_sum;
-      } else if (t_str == "-=") {
-        return assign_difference;
-      } else if (t_str == "&=") {
-        return assign_bitwise_and;
-      } else if (t_str == "|=") {
-        return assign_bitwise_or;
-      } else if (t_str == "<<=") {
-        return assign_shift_left;
-      } else if (t_str == ">>=") {
-        return assign_shift_right;
-      } else if (t_str == "%=") {
-        return assign_remainder;
-      } else if (t_str == "^=") {
-        return assign_bitwise_xor;
-      } else if (t_str == "<<") {
-        return shift_left;
-      } else if (t_str == ">>") {
-        return shift_right;
-      } else if (t_str == "%") {
-        return remainder;
-      } else if (t_str == "&") { 
-        return bitwise_and;
-      } else if (t_str == "|") {
-        return bitwise_or;
-      } else if (t_str == "^") {
-        return bitwise_xor;
-      } else if (t_str == "~") {
-        return bitwise_complement;
-      } else if (t_str == "+") {
-        if (t_is_unary) {
-          return unary_plus;
-        } else {
-          return sum;
-        }
-      } else if (t_str == "-") {
-        if (t_is_unary) {
-          return unary_minus;
-        } else {
-          return difference;
-        }
-      } else if (t_str == "/") {
-        return quotient;
-      } else if (t_str == "*") {
-        return product;
-      } else {
-        return invalid;
-      } 
-    }
+    constexpr static Opers to_operator(std::string_view t_str, bool t_is_unary = false) noexcept {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4307)
+#endif
 
+      const auto op_hash = utility::hash(t_str);
+      switch (op_hash) {
+        case utility::hash("=="): {
+          return Opers::equals;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("<"): {
+          return Opers::less_than;
+        }
+        case utility::hash(">"): {
+          return Opers::greater_than;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("<="): {
+          return Opers::less_than_equal;
+        }
+        case utility::hash(">="): {
+          return Opers::greater_than_equal;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("!="): {
+          return Opers::not_equal;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("="): {
+          return Opers::assign;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("++"): {
+          return Opers::pre_increment;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("--"): {
+          return Opers::pre_decrement;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("*="): {
+          return Opers::assign_product;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("+="): {
+          return Opers::assign_sum;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("-="): {
+          return Opers::assign_difference;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("&="): {
+          return Opers::assign_bitwise_and;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("|="): {
+          return Opers::assign_bitwise_or;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("<<="): {
+          return Opers::assign_shift_left;
+        }
+        case utility::hash(">>="): {
+          return Opers::assign_shift_right;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("%="): {
+          return Opers::assign_remainder;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("^="): {
+          return Opers::assign_bitwise_xor;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("<<"): {
+          return Opers::shift_left;
+        }
+        case utility::hash(">>"): {
+          return Opers::shift_right;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("%"): {
+          return Opers::remainder;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("&"): {
+          return Opers::bitwise_and;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("|"): {
+          return Opers::bitwise_or;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("^"): {
+          return Opers::bitwise_xor;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("~"): {
+          return Opers::bitwise_complement;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("+"): {
+          return t_is_unary ? Opers::unary_plus : Opers::sum;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("-"): {
+          return t_is_unary ? Opers::unary_minus : Opers::difference;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("/"): {
+          return Opers::quotient;
+        }
+        case utility::hash("*"): {
+          return Opers::product;
+        }
+        default: {
+          return Opers::invalid;
+        }
+      }
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+    }
   };
-}
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif /* _CHAISCRIPT_ALGEBRAIC_HPP */
-

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_common.hpp

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 // This file is distributed under the BSD License.
 // See "license.txt" for details.
 // Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// Copyright 2009-2015, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
 // http://www.chaiscript.com
 
+// This is an open source non-commercial project. Dear PVS-Studio, please check it.
+// PVS-Studio Static Code Analyzer for C, C++ and C#: http://www.viva64.com
+
 #ifndef CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP_
 #define CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP_
 
@@ -19,88 +22,281 @@
 #include "../dispatchkit/dispatchkit.hpp"
 #include "../dispatchkit/proxy_functions.hpp"
 #include "../dispatchkit/type_info.hpp"
+#include <unordered_set>
 
 namespace chaiscript {
-struct AST_Node;
-}  // namespace chaiscript
+  struct AST_Node;
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
-namespace chaiscript
-{
+namespace chaiscript {
+  struct Name_Validator {
+    template<typename T>
+    static bool is_reserved_word(const T &s) noexcept {
+      const static std::unordered_set<std::uint32_t>
+          words{utility::hash("def"), utility::hash("fun"), utility::hash("while"), utility::hash("for"), utility::hash("if"), utility::hash("else"), utility::hash("&&"), utility::hash("||"), utility::hash(","), utility::hash("auto"), utility::hash("return"), utility::hash("break"), utility::hash("true"), utility::hash("false"), utility::hash("class"), utility::hash("attr"), utility::hash("var"), utility::hash("global"), utility::hash("GLOBAL"), utility::hash("_"), utility::hash("__LINE__"), utility::hash("__FILE__"), utility::hash("__FUNC__"), utility::hash("__CLASS__"), utility::hash("const"), utility::hash("using"), utility::hash("enum")};
 
-  /// Signature of module entry point that all binary loadable modules must implement.
-  typedef ModulePtr (*Create_Module_Func)();
+      return words.count(utility::hash(s)) == 1;
+    }
 
+    template<typename T>
+    static bool valid_object_name(const T &name) noexcept {
+      return name.find("::") == std::string::npos && !is_reserved_word(name);
+    }
 
-  /// Types of AST nodes available to the parser and eval
-  class AST_Node_Type {
-  public:
-    enum Type { Error, Int, Float, Id, Char, Str, Eol, Fun_Call, Arg_List, Variable, Equation, Var_Decl,
-                Comparison, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division, Modulus, Array_Call, Dot_Access, Quoted_String, Single_Quoted_String,
-                Lambda, Block, Def, While, If, For, Inline_Array, Inline_Map, Return, File, Prefix, Break, Continue, Map_Pair, Value_Range,
-                Inline_Range, Annotation, Try, Catch, Finally, Method, Attr_Decl, Shift, Equality, Bitwise_And, Bitwise_Xor, Bitwise_Or, 
-                Logical_And, Logical_Or, Reference, Switch, Case, Default, Ternary_Cond, Noop, Class, Binary, Arg, Global_Decl
-    };
+    template<typename T>
+    static void validate_object_name(const T &name) {
+      if (is_reserved_word(name)) {
+        throw exception::reserved_word_error(std::string(name));
+      }
+
+      if (name.find("::") != std::string::npos) {
+        throw exception::illegal_name_error(std::string(name));
+      }
+    }
   };
 
-  namespace
-  {
+  /// Signature of module entry point that all binary loadable modules must implement.
+  using Create_Module_Func = ModulePtr (*)();
 
+  /// Types of AST nodes available to the parser and eval
+  enum class AST_Node_Type {
+    Id,
+    Fun_Call,
+    Unused_Return_Fun_Call,
+    Arg_List,
+    Equation,
+    Var_Decl,
+    Assign_Decl,
+    Array_Call,
+    Dot_Access,
+    Lambda,
+    Block,
+    Scopeless_Block,
+    Def,
+    While,
+    If,
+    For,
+    Ranged_For,
+    Inline_Array,
+    Inline_Map,
+    Return,
+    File,
+    Prefix,
+    Break,
+    Continue,
+    Map_Pair,
+    Value_Range,
+    Inline_Range,
+    Try,
+    Catch,
+    Finally,
+    Method,
+    Attr_Decl,
+    Logical_And,
+    Logical_Or,
+    Reference,
+    Switch,
+    Case,
+    Default,
+    Noop,
+    Class,
+    Binary,
+    Arg,
+    Global_Decl,
+    Constant,
+    Compiled,
+    Const_Var_Decl,
+    Const_Assign_Decl,
+    Using,
+    Enum,
+    Namespace_Block
+  };
+
+  enum class Operator_Precedence {
+    Ternary_Cond,
+    Logical_Or,
+    Logical_And,
+    Bitwise_Or,
+    Bitwise_Xor,
+    Bitwise_And,
+    Equality,
+    Comparison,
+    Shift,
+    Addition,
+    Multiplication,
+    Prefix
+  };
+
+  namespace {
     /// Helper lookup to get the name of each node type
-    const char *ast_node_type_to_string(int ast_node_type) {
-      const char *ast_node_types[] = { "Internal Parser Error", "Int", "Float", "Id", "Char", "Str", "Eol", "Fun_Call", "Arg_List", "Variable", "Equation", "Var_Decl",
-                                    "Comparison", "Addition", "Subtraction", "Multiplication", "Division", "Modulus", "Array_Call", "Dot_Access", "Quoted_String", "Single_Quoted_String",
-                                    "Lambda", "Block", "Def", "While", "If", "For", "Inline_Array", "Inline_Map", "Return", "File", "Prefix", "Break", "Continue", "Map_Pair", "Value_Range",
-                                    "Inline_Range", "Annotation", "Try", "Catch", "Finally", "Method", "Attr_Decl", "Shift", "Equality", "Bitwise_And", "Bitwise_Xor", "Bitwise_Or", 
-                                    "Logical_And", "Logical_Or", "Reference", "Switch", "Case", "Default", "Ternary Condition", "Noop", "Class", "Binary", "Arg"};
+    constexpr const char *ast_node_type_to_string(AST_Node_Type ast_node_type) noexcept {
+      constexpr std::array ast_node_types = {"Id", "Fun_Call", "Unused_Return_Fun_Call", "Arg_List", "Equation", "Var_Decl", "Assign_Decl", "Array_Call", "Dot_Access", "Lambda", "Block", "Scopeless_Block", "Def", "While", "If", "For", "Ranged_For", "Inline_Array", "Inline_Map", "Return", "File", "Prefix", "Break", "Continue", "Map_Pair", "Value_Range", "Inline_Range", "Try", "Catch", "Finally", "Method", "Attr_Decl", "Logical_And", "Logical_Or", "Reference", "Switch", "Case", "Default", "Noop", "Class", "Binary", "Arg", "Global_Decl", "Constant", "Compiled", "Const_Var_Decl", "Const_Assign_Decl", "Using", "Enum", "Namespace_Block"};
 
-      return ast_node_types[ast_node_type];
+      return ast_node_types[static_cast<std::size_t>(ast_node_type)];
     }
-  }
+  } // namespace
 
   /// \brief Convenience type for file positions
   struct File_Position {
-    int line;
-    int column;
+    int line = 0;
+    int column = 0;
 
-    File_Position(int t_file_line, int t_file_column)
-      : line(t_file_line), column(t_file_column) { }
+    constexpr File_Position(int t_file_line, int t_file_column) noexcept
+        : line(t_file_line)
+        , column(t_file_column) {
+    }
 
-    File_Position() : line(0), column(0) { }
+    constexpr File_Position() noexcept = default;
   };
 
   struct Parse_Location {
-    Parse_Location(std::string t_fname="", const int t_start_line=0, const int t_start_col=0,
-        const int t_end_line=0, const int t_end_col=0)
-      : start(t_start_line, t_start_col), 
-        end(t_end_line, t_end_col),
-        filename(std::make_shared<std::string>(std::move(t_fname)))
-    {
+    Parse_Location(std::string t_fname = "", const int t_start_line = 0, const int t_start_col = 0, const int t_end_line = 0, const int t_end_col = 0)
+        : start(t_start_line, t_start_col)
+        , end(t_end_line, t_end_col)
+        , filename(std::make_shared<std::string>(std::move(t_fname))) {
     }
 
-    Parse_Location(std::shared_ptr<std::string> t_fname, const int t_start_line=0, const int t_start_col=0,
-        const int t_end_line=0, const int t_end_col=0)
-      : start(t_start_line, t_start_col), 
-        end(t_end_line, t_end_col),
-        filename(std::move(t_fname))
-    {
+    Parse_Location(std::shared_ptr<std::string> t_fname,
+                   const int t_start_line = 0,
+                   const int t_start_col = 0,
+                   const int t_end_line = 0,
+                   const int t_end_col = 0)
+        : start(t_start_line, t_start_col)
+        , end(t_end_line, t_end_col)
+        , filename(std::move(t_fname)) {
     }
 
-
-
     File_Position start;
     File_Position end;
     std::shared_ptr<std::string> filename;
   };
 
+  /// \brief Struct that doubles as both a parser ast_node and an AST node.
+  struct AST_Node {
+  public:
+    const AST_Node_Type identifier;
+    const std::string text;
+    Parse_Location location;
+
+    const std::string &filename() const noexcept { return *location.filename; }
+
+    const File_Position &start() const noexcept { return location.start; }
+
+    const File_Position &end() const noexcept { return location.end; }
+
+    std::string pretty_print() const {
+      std::ostringstream oss;
+
+      oss << text;
+
+      for (auto &elem : get_children()) {
+        oss << elem.get().pretty_print() << ' ';
+      }
+
+      return oss.str();
+    }
+
+    virtual std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<AST_Node>> get_children() const = 0;
+    virtual Boxed_Value eval(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_e) const = 0;
+
+    /// Prints the contents of an AST node, including its children, recursively
+    std::string to_string(const std::string &t_prepend = "") const {
+      std::ostringstream oss;
+
+      oss << t_prepend << "(" << ast_node_type_to_string(this->identifier) << ") " << this->text << " : " << this->location.start.line
+          << ", " << this->location.start.column << '\n';
+
+      for (auto &elem : get_children()) {
+        oss << elem.get().to_string(t_prepend + "  ");
+      }
+      return oss.str();
+    }
+
+    static inline bool get_bool_condition(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss);
+
+    virtual ~AST_Node() noexcept = default;
+    AST_Node(AST_Node &&) = default;
+    AST_Node &operator=(AST_Node &&) = delete;
+    AST_Node(const AST_Node &) = delete;
+    AST_Node &operator=(const AST_Node &) = delete;
+
+  protected:
+    AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, AST_Node_Type t_id, Parse_Location t_loc)
+        : identifier(t_id)
+        , text(std::move(t_ast_node_text))
+        , location(std::move(t_loc)) {
+    }
+  };
 
   /// \brief Typedef for pointers to AST_Node objects. Used in building of the AST_Node tree
-  typedef std::shared_ptr<AST_Node> AST_NodePtr;
-  typedef std::shared_ptr<const AST_Node> AST_NodePtr_Const;
+  using AST_NodePtr = std::unique_ptr<AST_Node>;
+  using AST_NodePtr_Const = std::unique_ptr<const AST_Node>;
 
+  struct AST_Node_Trace {
+    const AST_Node_Type identifier;
+    const std::string text;
+    Parse_Location location;
+
+    const std::string &filename() const noexcept { return *location.filename; }
+
+    const File_Position &start() const noexcept { return location.start; }
+
+    const File_Position &end() const noexcept { return location.end; }
+
+    std::string pretty_print() const {
+      std::ostringstream oss;
+
+      oss << text;
+
+      for (const auto &elem : children) {
+        oss << elem.pretty_print() << ' ';
+      }
+
+      return oss.str();
+    }
+
+    std::vector<AST_Node_Trace> get_children(const AST_Node &node) {
+      const auto node_children = node.get_children();
+      return std::vector<AST_Node_Trace>(node_children.begin(), node_children.end());
+    }
+
+    AST_Node_Trace(const AST_Node &node)
+        : identifier(node.identifier)
+        , text(node.text)
+        , location(node.location)
+        , children(get_children(node)) {
+    }
+
+    std::vector<AST_Node_Trace> children;
+  };
 
   /// \brief Classes which may be thrown during error cases when ChaiScript is executing.
-  namespace exception
-  {
+  namespace exception {
+    /// \brief Thrown if an error occurs while attempting to load a binary module
+    struct load_module_error : std::runtime_error {
+      explicit load_module_error(const std::string &t_reason)
+          : std::runtime_error(t_reason) {
+      }
+
+      load_module_error(const std::string &t_name, const std::vector<load_module_error> &t_errors)
+          : std::runtime_error(format_error(t_name, t_errors)) {
+      }
+
+      load_module_error(const load_module_error &) = default;
+      ~load_module_error() noexcept override = default;
+
+      static std::string format_error(const std::string &t_name, const std::vector<load_module_error> &t_errors) {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << "Error loading module '" << t_name << "'\n"
+           << "  The following locations were searched:\n";
+
+        for (const auto &err : t_errors) {
+          ss << "    " << err.what() << "\n";
+        }
+
+        return ss.str();
+      }
+    };
 
     /// Errors generated during parsing or evaluation
     struct eval_error : std::runtime_error {
@@ -108,50 +304,57 @@ namespace chaiscript
       File_Position start_position;
       std::string filename;
       std::string detail;
-      std::vector<AST_NodePtr_Const> call_stack;
+      std::vector<AST_Node_Trace> call_stack;
 
-      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname,
-          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
-          bool t_dot_notation,
-          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
-        std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss)),
-        reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname), detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss)) 
-      {}
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why,
+                 const File_Position &t_where,
+                 const std::string &t_fname,
+                 const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters,
+                 const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
+                 bool t_dot_notation,
+                 const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) noexcept
+          : std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss))
+          , reason(t_why)
+          , start_position(t_where)
+          , filename(t_fname)
+          , detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss)) {
+      }
 
-      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, 
-           const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
-           bool t_dot_notation,
-           const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
-        std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss)),
-        reason(t_why), detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss))
-      {}
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why,
+                 const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters,
+                 const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
+                 bool t_dot_notation,
+                 const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) noexcept
+          : std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_parameters, t_dot_notation, t_ss))
+          , reason(t_why)
+          , detail(format_detail(t_functions, t_dot_notation, t_ss)) {
+      }
 
+      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname) noexcept
+          : std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname))
+          , reason(t_why)
+          , start_position(t_where)
+          , filename(t_fname) {
+      }
 
-      eval_error(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT :
-        std::runtime_error(format(t_why, t_where, t_fname)),
-        reason(t_why), start_position(t_where), filename(t_fname)
-      {}
-
-      eval_error(const std::string &t_why) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-        : std::runtime_error("Error: \"" + t_why + "\" "),
-        reason(t_why) 
-      {}
+      explicit eval_error(const std::string &t_why) noexcept
+          : std::runtime_error("Error: \"" + t_why + "\" ")
+          , reason(t_why) {
+      }
 
       eval_error(const eval_error &) = default;
 
-      std::string pretty_print() const
-      {
+      std::string pretty_print() const {
         std::ostringstream ss;
 
         ss << what();
-        if (call_stack.size() > 0) {
+        if (!call_stack.empty()) {
           ss << "during evaluation at (" << fname(call_stack[0]) << " " << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ")\n";
-          ss << '\n' << detail << '\n';
+          ss << '\n'
+             << detail << '\n';
           ss << "  " << fname(call_stack[0]) << " (" << startpos(call_stack[0]) << ") '" << pretty(call_stack[0]) << "'";
           for (size_t j = 1; j < call_stack.size(); ++j) {
-            if (id(call_stack[j]) != chaiscript::AST_Node_Type::Block
-                && id(call_stack[j]) != chaiscript::AST_Node_Type::File)
-            {
+            if (id(call_stack[j]) != chaiscript::AST_Node_Type::Block && id(call_stack[j]) != chaiscript::AST_Node_Type::File) {
               ss << '\n';
               ss << "  from " << fname(call_stack[j]) << " (" << startpos(call_stack[j]) << ") '" << pretty(call_stack[j]) << "'";
             }
@@ -161,54 +364,42 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return ss.str();
       }
 
-      virtual ~eval_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      ~eval_error() noexcept override = default;
 
     private:
-
       template<typename T>
-        static int id(const T& t)
-        {
-          return t->identifier;
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        static std::string pretty(const T& t)
-        {
-          return t->pretty_print();
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        static const std::string &fname(const T& t)
-        {
-          return t->filename();
-        }
-
-      template<typename T>
-        static std::string startpos(const T& t)
-        {
-          std::ostringstream oss;
-          oss << t->start().line << ", " << t->start().column;
-          return oss.str();
-        }
-
-      static std::string format_why(const std::string &t_why)
-      {
-        return "Error: \"" + t_why + "\"";
+      static AST_Node_Type id(const T &t) noexcept {
+        return t.identifier;
       }
 
-      static std::string format_types(const Const_Proxy_Function &t_func,
-          bool t_dot_notation,
-          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
-      {
+      template<typename T>
+      static std::string pretty(const T &t) {
+        return t.pretty_print();
+      }
+
+      template<typename T>
+      static const std::string &fname(const T &t) noexcept {
+        return t.filename();
+      }
+
+      template<typename T>
+      static std::string startpos(const T &t) {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << t.start().line << ", " << t.start().column;
+        return oss.str();
+      }
+
+      static std::string format_why(const std::string &t_why) { return "Error: \"" + t_why + "\""; }
+
+      static std::string format_types(const Const_Proxy_Function &t_func, bool t_dot_notation, const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) {
+        assert(t_func);
         int arity = t_func->get_arity();
         std::vector<Type_Info> types = t_func->get_param_types();
 
         std::string retval;
-        if (arity == -1)
-        {
+        if (arity == -1) {
           retval = "(...)";
-          if (t_dot_notation)
-          {
+          if (t_dot_notation) {
             retval = "(Object)." + retval;
           }
         } else if (types.size() <= 1) {
@@ -219,18 +410,13 @@ namespace chaiscript
 
           std::string paramstr;
 
-          for (size_t index = 1;
-               index != types.size();
-               ++index)
-          {
-            paramstr += (types[index].is_const()?"const ":"");
+          for (size_t index = 1; index != types.size(); ++index) {
+            paramstr += (types[index].is_const() ? "const " : "");
             paramstr += t_ss.get_type_name(types[index]);
 
-            if (index == 1 && t_dot_notation)
-            {
+            if (index == 1 && t_dot_notation) {
               paramstr += ").(";
-              if (types.size() == 2)
-              {
+              if (types.size() == 2) {
                 paramstr += ", ";
               }
             } else {
@@ -244,93 +430,70 @@ namespace chaiscript
           retval = ss.str();
         }
 
+        std::shared_ptr<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function> dynfun
+            = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_func);
 
-        std::shared_ptr<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function> dynfun 
-          = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(t_func);
-
-        if (dynfun)
-        {
+        if (dynfun && dynfun->has_parse_tree()) {
           Proxy_Function f = dynfun->get_guard();
 
-          if (f)
-          {
+          if (f) {
             auto dynfunguard = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<const dispatch::Dynamic_Proxy_Function>(f);
-            if (dynfunguard)
-            {
+            if (dynfunguard && dynfunguard->has_parse_tree()) {
               retval += " : " + format_guard(dynfunguard->get_parse_tree());
             }
           }
 
-          retval += "\n          Defined at " + format_location(dynfun->get_parse_tree());        
+          retval += "\n          Defined at " + format_location(dynfun->get_parse_tree());
         }
 
         return retval;
       }
 
       template<typename T>
-        static std::string format_guard(const T &t)
-        {
-          return t->pretty_print();
-        }
+      static std::string format_guard(const T &t) {
+        return t.pretty_print();
+      }
 
       template<typename T>
-        static std::string format_location(const T &t)
-        {
-          if (t) {
-            std::ostringstream oss;
-            oss << "(" << t->filename() << " " << t->start().line << ", " << t->start().column << ")"; 
-            return oss.str();
-          } else {
-            return "(internal)";
-          }
-
-        }
+      static std::string format_location(const T &t) {
+        std::ostringstream oss;
+        oss << "(" << t.filename() << " " << t.start().line << ", " << t.start().column << ")";
+        return oss.str();
+      }
 
       static std::string format_detail(const std::vector<chaiscript::Const_Proxy_Function> &t_functions,
-          bool t_dot_notation,
-          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
-      {
+                                       bool t_dot_notation,
+                                       const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) {
         std::stringstream ss;
-        if (t_functions.size() == 1)
-        {
+        if (t_functions.size() == 1) {
+          assert(t_functions[0]);
           ss << "  Expected: " << format_types(t_functions[0], t_dot_notation, t_ss) << '\n';
         } else {
           ss << "  " << t_functions.size() << " overloads available:\n";
 
-          for (const auto & t_function : t_functions)
-          {
+          for (const auto &t_function : t_functions) {
             ss << "      " << format_types((t_function), t_dot_notation, t_ss) << '\n';
           }
-
         }
 
         return ss.str();
-
       }
 
-      static std::string format_parameters(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters,
-          bool t_dot_notation,
-          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
-      {
+      static std::string
+      format_parameters(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, bool t_dot_notation, const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) {
         std::stringstream ss;
         ss << "(";
 
-        if (!t_parameters.empty())
-        {
+        if (!t_parameters.empty()) {
           std::string paramstr;
 
-          for (auto itr = t_parameters.begin();
-               itr != t_parameters.end();
-               ++itr)
-          {
-            paramstr += (itr->is_const()?"const ":"");
+          for (auto itr = t_parameters.begin(); itr != t_parameters.end(); ++itr) {
+            paramstr += (itr->is_const() ? "const " : "");
             paramstr += t_ss.type_name(*itr);
 
-            if (itr == t_parameters.begin() && t_dot_notation)
-            {
+            if (itr == t_parameters.begin() && t_dot_notation) {
               paramstr += ").(";
-              if (t_parameters.size() == 1)
-              {
+              if (t_parameters.size() == 1) {
                 paramstr += ", ";
               }
             } else {
@@ -345,12 +508,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return ss.str();
       }
 
-      static std::string format_filename(const std::string &t_fname)
-      {
+      static std::string format_filename(const std::string &t_fname) {
         std::stringstream ss;
 
-        if (t_fname != "__EVAL__")
-        {
+        if (t_fname != "__EVAL__") {
           ss << "in '" << t_fname << "' ";
         } else {
           ss << "during evaluation ";
@@ -359,16 +520,18 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return ss.str();
       }
 
-      static std::string format_location(const File_Position &t_where)
-      {
+      static std::string format_location(const File_Position &t_where) {
         std::stringstream ss;
         ss << "at (" << t_where.line << ", " << t_where.column << ")";
         return ss.str();
       }
 
-      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname,
-          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, bool t_dot_notation, const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
-      {
+      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why,
+                                const File_Position &t_where,
+                                const std::string &t_fname,
+                                const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters,
+                                bool t_dot_notation,
+                                const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) {
         std::stringstream ss;
 
         ss << format_why(t_why);
@@ -385,11 +548,10 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return ss.str();
       }
 
-      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why, 
-          const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters, 
-          bool t_dot_notation,
-          const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss)
-      {
+      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why,
+                                const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_parameters,
+                                bool t_dot_notation,
+                                const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_Engine &t_ss) {
         std::stringstream ss;
 
         ss << format_why(t_why);
@@ -401,8 +563,7 @@ namespace chaiscript
         return ss.str();
       }
 
-      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname)
-      {
+      static std::string format(const std::string &t_why, const File_Position &t_where, const std::string &t_fname) {
         std::stringstream ss;
 
         ss << format_why(t_why);
@@ -417,218 +578,125 @@ namespace chaiscript
       }
     };
 
-
     /// Errors generated when loading a file
     struct file_not_found_error : std::runtime_error {
-      file_not_found_error(const std::string &t_filename) CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT
-        : std::runtime_error("File Not Found: " + t_filename)
-      { }
+      explicit file_not_found_error(const std::string &t_filename)
+          : std::runtime_error("File Not Found: " + t_filename)
+          , filename(t_filename) {
+      }
 
       file_not_found_error(const file_not_found_error &) = default;
-      virtual ~file_not_found_error() CHAISCRIPT_NOEXCEPT {}
+      ~file_not_found_error() noexcept override = default;
+
+      std::string filename;
     };
 
+  } // namespace exception
+
+  // static
+  bool AST_Node::get_bool_condition(const Boxed_Value &t_bv, const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) {
+    try {
+      return t_ss->boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv);
+    } catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
+      throw exception::eval_error("Condition not boolean");
+    }
   }
 
- 
-  /// \brief Struct that doubles as both a parser ast_node and an AST node.
-  struct AST_Node : std::enable_shared_from_this<AST_Node> {
+  namespace parser {
+    class ChaiScript_Parser_Base {
     public:
-      const int identifier; //< \todo shouldn't this be a strongly typed enum value?
-      const std::string text;
-      Parse_Location location;
-      std::vector<AST_NodePtr> children;
-      AST_NodePtr annotation;
+      virtual AST_NodePtr parse(const std::string &t_input, const std::string &t_fname) = 0;
+      virtual void debug_print(const AST_Node &t, std::string prepend = "") const = 0;
+      virtual void *get_tracer_ptr() = 0;
+      virtual ~ChaiScript_Parser_Base() = default;
+      ChaiScript_Parser_Base() = default;
+      ChaiScript_Parser_Base(ChaiScript_Parser_Base &&) = default;
+      ChaiScript_Parser_Base &operator=(ChaiScript_Parser_Base &&) = delete;
+      ChaiScript_Parser_Base &operator=(const ChaiScript_Parser_Base &&) = delete;
 
-      const std::string &filename() const {
-        return *location.filename;
+      template<typename T>
+      T &get_tracer() noexcept {
+        // to do type check this somehow?
+        return *static_cast<T *>(get_tracer_ptr());
       }
 
-      const File_Position &start() const {
-        return location.start;
-      }
-
-      const File_Position &end() const {
-        return location.end;
-      }
-
-      virtual std::string pretty_print() const
-      {
-        std::ostringstream oss;
-
-        oss << text;
-
-        for (auto & elem : this->children) {
-          oss << elem->pretty_print();
-        }
-
-        return oss.str();
-      }
-
-
-      /// Prints the contents of an AST node, including its children, recursively
-      std::string to_string(const std::string &t_prepend = "") const {
-        std::ostringstream oss;
-
-        oss << t_prepend << "(" << ast_node_type_to_string(this->identifier) << ") "
-            << this->text << " : " << this->location.start.line << ", " << this->location.start.column << '\n';
-
-        for (auto & elem : this->children) {
-          oss << elem->to_string(t_prepend + "  ");
-        }
-        return oss.str();
-      }
-
-      Boxed_Value eval(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_e) const
-      {
-        try {
-          return eval_internal(t_e);
-        } catch (exception::eval_error &ee) {
-          ee.call_stack.push_back(shared_from_this());
-          throw;
-        }
-      }
-
-      static bool get_bool_condition(const Boxed_Value &t_bv) {
-        try {
-          return boxed_cast<bool>(t_bv);
-        }
-        catch (const exception::bad_boxed_cast &) {
-          throw exception::eval_error("Condition not boolean");
-        }
-      }
-
-
-      void replace_child(const AST_NodePtr &t_child, const AST_NodePtr &t_new_child)
-      {
-        std::replace(children.begin(), children.end(), t_child, t_new_child);
-      }
-
-      virtual ~AST_Node() {}
-
     protected:
-      AST_Node(std::string t_ast_node_text, int t_id, Parse_Location t_loc, 
-               std::vector<AST_NodePtr> t_children = std::vector<AST_NodePtr>()) :
-        identifier(t_id), text(std::move(t_ast_node_text)),
-        location(std::move(t_loc)),
-        children(std::move(t_children))
-      {
-      }
+      ChaiScript_Parser_Base(const ChaiScript_Parser_Base &) = default;
+    };
+  } // namespace parser
 
-      virtual Boxed_Value eval_internal(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &) const
-      {
-        throw std::runtime_error("Undispatched ast_node (internal error)");
-      }
-
-    private:
-      // Copy and assignment explicitly unimplemented
-      AST_Node(const AST_Node &) = delete;
-      AST_Node& operator=(const AST_Node &) = delete;
-  };
-
-
-  namespace eval
-  {
-    namespace detail
-    {
+  namespace eval {
+    namespace detail {
       /// Special type for returned values
       struct Return_Value {
         Boxed_Value retval;
-
-        Return_Value(Boxed_Value t_return_value) : retval(std::move(t_return_value)) { }
       };
 
-
       /// Special type indicating a call to 'break'
       struct Break_Loop {
-        Break_Loop() { }
       };
 
-
       /// Special type indicating a call to 'continue'
       struct Continue_Loop {
-        Continue_Loop() { }
       };
 
-
       /// Creates a new scope then pops it on destruction
-      struct Scope_Push_Pop
-      {
+      struct Scope_Push_Pop {
+        Scope_Push_Pop(Scope_Push_Pop &&) = default;
+        Scope_Push_Pop &operator=(Scope_Push_Pop &&) = delete;
         Scope_Push_Pop(const Scope_Push_Pop &) = delete;
-        Scope_Push_Pop& operator=(const Scope_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+        Scope_Push_Pop &operator=(const Scope_Push_Pop &) = delete;
 
-        Scope_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
-          : m_ds(t_ds)
-        {
-          m_ds.get()->new_scope(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        explicit Scope_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+            : m_ds(t_ds) {
+          m_ds->new_scope(m_ds.stack_holder());
         }
 
-        ~Scope_Push_Pop()
-        {
-          m_ds.get()->pop_scope(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
-        }
+        ~Scope_Push_Pop() { m_ds->pop_scope(m_ds.stack_holder()); }
 
-
-        private:
-        std::reference_wrapper<const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State> m_ds;
+      private:
+        const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &m_ds;
       };
 
       /// Creates a new function call and pops it on destruction
-      struct Function_Push_Pop
-      {
+      struct Function_Push_Pop {
+        Function_Push_Pop(Function_Push_Pop &&) = default;
+        Function_Push_Pop &operator=(Function_Push_Pop &&) = delete;
         Function_Push_Pop(const Function_Push_Pop &) = delete;
-        Function_Push_Pop& operator=(const Function_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+        Function_Push_Pop &operator=(const Function_Push_Pop &) = delete;
 
-        Function_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
-          : m_ds(t_ds)
-        {
-          m_ds.get()->new_function_call(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        explicit Function_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+            : m_ds(t_ds) {
+          m_ds->new_function_call(m_ds.stack_holder(), m_ds.conversion_saves());
         }
 
-        ~Function_Push_Pop()
-        {
-          m_ds.get()->pop_function_call(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
-        }
+        ~Function_Push_Pop() { m_ds->pop_function_call(m_ds.stack_holder(), m_ds.conversion_saves()); }
 
-        void save_params(const std::vector<Boxed_Value> &t_params)
-        {
-          m_ds.get()->save_function_params(t_params);
-        }
+        void save_params(const Function_Params &t_params) { m_ds->save_function_params(t_params); }
 
-        void save_params(std::initializer_list<Boxed_Value> t_params)
-        {
-          m_ds.get()->save_function_params(std::move(t_params));
-        }
-
-
-        private:
-          std::reference_wrapper<const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State> m_ds;
+      private:
+        const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &m_ds;
       };
 
       /// Creates a new scope then pops it on destruction
-      struct Stack_Push_Pop
-      {
+      struct Stack_Push_Pop {
+        Stack_Push_Pop(Stack_Push_Pop &&) = default;
+        Stack_Push_Pop &operator=(Stack_Push_Pop &&) = delete;
         Stack_Push_Pop(const Stack_Push_Pop &) = delete;
-        Stack_Push_Pop& operator=(const Stack_Push_Pop &) = delete;
+        Stack_Push_Pop &operator=(const Stack_Push_Pop &) = delete;
 
-        Stack_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
-          : m_ds(t_ds)
-        {
-          m_ds.get()->new_stack(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
+        explicit Stack_Push_Pop(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ds)
+            : m_ds(t_ds) {
+          m_ds->new_stack(m_ds.stack_holder());
         }
 
-        ~Stack_Push_Pop()
-        {
-          m_ds.get()->pop_stack(m_ds.get().stack_holder());
-        }
+        ~Stack_Push_Pop() { m_ds->pop_stack(m_ds.stack_holder()); }
 
-
-        private:
-          std::reference_wrapper<const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State> m_ds;
+      private:
+        const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &m_ds;
       };
-    }
-  }
-}
+    } // namespace detail
+  } // namespace eval
+} // namespace chaiscript
 
 #endif /* _CHAISCRIPT_COMMON_HPP */
-

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_optimizer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,443 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_OPTIMIZER_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_OPTIMIZER_HPP_
+
+#include "chaiscript_eval.hpp"
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace optimizer {
+    template<typename... T>
+    struct Optimizer : T... {
+      Optimizer() = default;
+      explicit Optimizer(T... t)
+          : T(std::move(t))... {
+      }
+
+      template<typename Tracer>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<Tracer> p) {
+        ((p = static_cast<T &>(*this).optimize(std::move(p))), ...);
+        return p;
+      }
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    eval::AST_Node_Impl<T> &child_at(eval::AST_Node_Impl<T> &node, const size_t offset) noexcept {
+      if (node.children[offset]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Compiled) {
+        return *(dynamic_cast<eval::Compiled_AST_Node<T> &>(*node.children[offset]).m_original_node);
+      } else {
+        return *node.children[offset];
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    const eval::AST_Node_Impl<T> &child_at(const eval::AST_Node_Impl<T> &node, const size_t offset) noexcept {
+      if (node.children[offset]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Compiled) {
+        return *(dynamic_cast<const eval::Compiled_AST_Node<T> &>(*node.children[offset]).m_original_node);
+      } else {
+        return *node.children[offset];
+      }
+
+      /*
+    if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Compiled) {
+      return dynamic_cast<const eval::Compiled_AST_Node<T>&>(*node).m_original_node->children[offset];
+    } else {
+      return node->children[offset];
+    }
+    */
+    }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    auto child_count(const eval::AST_Node_Impl<T> &node) noexcept {
+      if (node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Compiled) {
+        return dynamic_cast<const eval::Compiled_AST_Node<T> &>(node).m_original_node->children.size();
+      } else {
+        return node.children.size();
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename T, typename Callable>
+    auto make_compiled_node(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> original_node, std::vector<eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> children, Callable callable) {
+      return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Compiled_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(original_node),
+                                                                                         std::move(children),
+                                                                                         std::move(callable));
+    }
+
+    struct Return {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> p) {
+        if ((p->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Def || p->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Lambda) && !p->children.empty()) {
+          auto &last_child = p->children.back();
+          if (last_child->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block) {
+            auto &block_last_child = last_child->children.back();
+            if (block_last_child->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Return) {
+              if (block_last_child->children.size() == 1) {
+                last_child->children.back() = std::move(block_last_child->children[0]);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        return p;
+      }
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    bool contains_var_decl_in_scope(const eval::AST_Node_Impl<T> &node) noexcept {
+      if (node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Var_Decl || node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Assign_Decl
+          || node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Const_Var_Decl || node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Const_Assign_Decl
+          || node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Reference) {
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      const auto num = child_count(node);
+
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
+        const auto &child = child_at(node, i);
+        if (child.identifier != AST_Node_Type::Block && child.identifier != AST_Node_Type::For
+            && child.identifier != AST_Node_Type::Ranged_For && contains_var_decl_in_scope(child)) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    struct Block {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> node) {
+        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block) {
+          if (!contains_var_decl_in_scope(*node)) {
+            if (node->children.size() == 1) {
+              return std::move(node->children[0]);
+            } else {
+              return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Scopeless_Block_AST_Node<T>>(node->text,
+                                                                                                        node->location,
+                                                                                                        std::move(node->children));
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        return node;
+      }
+    };
+
+    struct Dead_Code {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> node) {
+        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block) {
+          std::vector<size_t> keepers;
+          const auto num_children = node->children.size();
+          keepers.reserve(num_children);
+
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < num_children; ++i) {
+            const auto &child = *node->children[i];
+            if ((child.identifier != AST_Node_Type::Id && child.identifier != AST_Node_Type::Constant
+                 && child.identifier != AST_Node_Type::Noop)
+                || i == num_children - 1) {
+              keepers.push_back(i);
+            }
+          }
+
+          if (keepers.size() == num_children) {
+            return node;
+          } else {
+            const auto new_children = [&]() {
+              std::vector<eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> retval;
+              for (const auto x : keepers) {
+                retval.push_back(std::move(node->children[x]));
+              }
+              return retval;
+            };
+
+            return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Block_AST_Node<T>>(node->text, node->location, new_children());
+          }
+        } else {
+          return node;
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    struct Unused_Return {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> node) {
+        if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block || node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Scopeless_Block) && !node->children.empty()) {
+          for (size_t i = 0; i < node->children.size() - 1; ++i) {
+            auto child = node->children[i].get();
+            if (child->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Fun_Call) {
+              node->children[i]
+                  = chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Unused_Return_Fun_Call_AST_Node<T>>(child->text,
+                                                                                                              child->location,
+                                                                                                              std::move(child->children));
+            }
+          }
+        } else if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::For || node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::While) && child_count(*node) > 0) {
+          auto &child = child_at(*node, child_count(*node) - 1);
+          if (child.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Block || child.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Scopeless_Block) {
+            auto num_sub_children = child_count(child);
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < num_sub_children; ++i) {
+              auto &sub_child = child_at(child, i);
+              if (sub_child.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Fun_Call) {
+                child.children[i] = chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Unused_Return_Fun_Call_AST_Node<T>>(
+                    sub_child.text, sub_child.location, std::move(sub_child.children));
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        return node;
+      }
+    };
+
+    struct Assign_Decl {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> node) {
+        if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Equation) && node->text == "=" && node->children.size() == 2
+            && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Var_Decl) {
+          std::vector<eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> new_children;
+          new_children.push_back(std::move(node->children[0]->children[0]));
+          new_children.push_back(std::move(node->children[1]));
+          return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Assign_Decl_AST_Node<T>>(node->text,
+                                                                                                node->location,
+                                                                                                std::move(new_children));
+        } else if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Equation) && node->text == "=" && node->children.size() == 2
+                   && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Const_Var_Decl) {
+          std::vector<eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> new_children;
+          new_children.push_back(std::move(node->children[0]->children[0]));
+          new_children.push_back(std::move(node->children[1]));
+          return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Const_Assign_Decl_AST_Node<T>>(node->text,
+                                                                                                      node->location,
+                                                                                                      std::move(new_children));
+        }
+
+        return node;
+      }
+    };
+
+    struct If {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> node) {
+        if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::If) && node->children.size() >= 2 && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant) {
+          const auto condition = dynamic_cast<eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> *>(node->children[0].get())->m_value;
+          if (condition.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(bool))) {
+            if (boxed_cast<bool>(condition)) {
+              return std::move(node->children[1]);
+            } else if (node->children.size() == 3) {
+              return std::move(node->children[2]);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        return node;
+      }
+    };
+
+    struct Partial_Fold {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> node) {
+        // Fold right side
+        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Binary && node->children.size() == 2
+            && node->children[0]->identifier != AST_Node_Type::Constant && node->children[1]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant) {
+          try {
+            const auto &oper = node->text;
+            const auto parsed = Operators::to_operator(oper);
+            if (parsed != Operators::Opers::invalid) {
+              const auto rhs = dynamic_cast<eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> *>(node->children[1].get())->m_value;
+              if (rhs.get_type_info().is_arithmetic()) {
+                return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Fold_Right_Binary_Operator_AST_Node<T>>(
+                    node->text, node->location, std::move(node->children), rhs);
+              }
+            }
+          } catch (const std::exception &) {
+            // failure to fold, that's OK
+          }
+        }
+
+        return node;
+      }
+    };
+
+    struct Constant_Fold {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> node) {
+        if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Prefix && node->children.size() == 1 && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant) {
+          try {
+            const auto &oper = node->text;
+            const auto parsed = Operators::to_operator(oper, true);
+            const auto lhs = dynamic_cast<const eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> *>(node->children[0].get())->m_value;
+            const auto match = oper + node->children[0]->text;
+
+            if (parsed != Operators::Opers::invalid && parsed != Operators::Opers::bitwise_and && lhs.get_type_info().is_arithmetic()) {
+              const auto val = Boxed_Number::do_oper(parsed, lhs);
+              return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(match),
+                                                                                                 node->location,
+                                                                                                 std::move(val));
+            } else if (lhs.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(bool)) && oper == "!") {
+              return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(match),
+                                                                                                 node->location,
+                                                                                                 Boxed_Value(!boxed_cast<bool>(lhs)));
+            }
+          } catch (const std::exception &) {
+            // failure to fold, that's OK
+          }
+        } else if ((node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Logical_And || node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Logical_Or)
+                   && node->children.size() == 2 && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant
+                   && node->children[1]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant) {
+          try {
+            const auto lhs = dynamic_cast<const eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> &>(*node->children[0]).m_value;
+            const auto rhs = dynamic_cast<const eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> &>(*node->children[1]).m_value;
+            if (lhs.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(bool)) && rhs.get_type_info().bare_equal_type_info(typeid(bool))) {
+              const auto match = node->children[0]->text + " " + node->text + " " + node->children[1]->text;
+              const auto val = [lhs_val = boxed_cast<bool>(lhs), rhs_val = boxed_cast<bool>(rhs), id = node->identifier] {
+                if (id == AST_Node_Type::Logical_And) {
+                  return Boxed_Value(lhs_val && rhs_val);
+                } else {
+                  return Boxed_Value(lhs_val || rhs_val);
+                }
+              }();
+
+              return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(match),
+                                                                                                 node->location,
+                                                                                                 std::move(val));
+            }
+          } catch (const std::exception &) {
+            // failure to fold, that's OK
+          }
+        } else if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Binary && node->children.size() == 2
+                   && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant && node->children[1]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant) {
+          try {
+            const auto &oper = node->text;
+            const auto parsed = Operators::to_operator(oper);
+            if (parsed != Operators::Opers::invalid) {
+              const auto lhs = dynamic_cast<const eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> &>(*node->children[0]).m_value;
+              const auto rhs = dynamic_cast<const eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> &>(*node->children[1]).m_value;
+              if (lhs.get_type_info().is_arithmetic() && rhs.get_type_info().is_arithmetic()) {
+                const auto val = Boxed_Number::do_oper(parsed, lhs, rhs);
+                const auto match = node->children[0]->text + " " + oper + " " + node->children[1]->text;
+                return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(match),
+                                                                                                   node->location,
+                                                                                                   std::move(val));
+              }
+            }
+          } catch (const std::exception &) {
+            // failure to fold, that's OK
+          }
+        } else if (node->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Fun_Call && node->children.size() == 2
+                   && node->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Id && node->children[1]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Arg_List
+                   && node->children[1]->children.size() == 1 && node->children[1]->children[0]->identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant) {
+          const auto arg = dynamic_cast<const eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> &>(*node->children[1]->children[0]).m_value;
+          if (arg.get_type_info().is_arithmetic()) {
+            const auto &fun_name = node->children[0]->text;
+
+            const auto make_constant = [&node, &fun_name](auto val) {
+              const auto match = fun_name + "(" + node->children[1]->children[0]->text + ")";
+              return chaiscript::make_unique<eval::AST_Node_Impl<T>, eval::Constant_AST_Node<T>>(std::move(match),
+                                                                                                 node->location,
+                                                                                                 const_var(val));
+            };
+
+            if (fun_name == "double") {
+              return make_constant(Boxed_Number(arg).get_as<double>());
+            } else if (fun_name == "int") {
+              return make_constant(Boxed_Number(arg).get_as<int>());
+            } else if (fun_name == "float") {
+              return make_constant(Boxed_Number(arg).get_as<float>());
+            } else if (fun_name == "long") {
+              return make_constant(Boxed_Number(arg).get_as<long>());
+            } else if (fun_name == "size_t") {
+              return make_constant(Boxed_Number(arg).get_as<size_t>());
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        return node;
+      }
+    };
+
+    struct For_Loop {
+      template<typename T>
+      auto optimize(eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T> for_node) {
+        if (for_node->identifier != AST_Node_Type::For) {
+          return for_node;
+        }
+
+        const auto &eq_node = child_at(*for_node, 0);
+        const auto &binary_node = child_at(*for_node, 1);
+        const auto &prefix_node = child_at(*for_node, 2);
+
+        if (child_count(*for_node) == 4 && eq_node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Assign_Decl && child_count(eq_node) == 2
+            && child_at(eq_node, 0).identifier == AST_Node_Type::Id && child_at(eq_node, 1).identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant
+            && binary_node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Binary && binary_node.text == "<" && child_count(binary_node) == 2
+            && child_at(binary_node, 0).identifier == AST_Node_Type::Id && child_at(binary_node, 0).text == child_at(eq_node, 0).text
+            && child_at(binary_node, 1).identifier == AST_Node_Type::Constant && prefix_node.identifier == AST_Node_Type::Prefix
+            && prefix_node.text == "++" && child_count(prefix_node) == 1 && child_at(prefix_node, 0).identifier == AST_Node_Type::Id
+            && child_at(prefix_node, 0).text == child_at(eq_node, 0).text) {
+          const Boxed_Value &begin = dynamic_cast<const eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> &>(child_at(eq_node, 1)).m_value;
+          const Boxed_Value &end = dynamic_cast<const eval::Constant_AST_Node<T> &>(child_at(binary_node, 1)).m_value;
+          const std::string &id = child_at(prefix_node, 0).text;
+
+          if (begin.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<int>()) && end.get_type_info().bare_equal(user_type<int>())) {
+            const auto start_int = boxed_cast<int>(begin);
+            const auto end_int = boxed_cast<int>(end);
+
+            // note that we are moving the last element out, then popping the empty shared_ptr
+            // from the vector
+            std::vector<eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> body_vector;
+            auto body_child = std::move(for_node->children[3]);
+            for_node->children.pop_back();
+            body_vector.emplace_back(std::move(body_child));
+
+            return make_compiled_node(std::move(for_node),
+                                      std::move(body_vector),
+                                      [id, start_int, end_int](const std::vector<eval::AST_Node_Impl_Ptr<T>> &children,
+                                                               const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &t_ss) {
+                                        assert(children.size() == 1);
+                                        chaiscript::eval::detail::Scope_Push_Pop spp(t_ss);
+
+                                        Boxed_Value bv_i(start_int);
+                                        auto &i = *static_cast<int *>(bv_i.get_ptr());
+                                        t_ss.add_object(id, bv_i);
+
+                                        try {
+                                          for (; i < end_int; ++i) {
+                                            try {
+                                              // Body of Loop
+                                              children[0]->eval(t_ss);
+                                            } catch (eval::detail::Continue_Loop &) {
+                                              // we got a continue exception, which means all of the remaining
+                                              // loop implementation is skipped and we just need to continue to
+                                              // the next iteration step
+                                            }
+                                          }
+                                        } catch (eval::detail::Break_Loop &) {
+                                          // loop broken
+                                        }
+
+                                        return void_var();
+                                      });
+          } else {
+            return for_node;
+          }
+        } else {
+          return for_node;
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    using Optimizer_Default = Optimizer<optimizer::Partial_Fold,
+                                        optimizer::Unused_Return,
+                                        optimizer::Constant_Fold,
+                                        optimizer::If,
+                                        optimizer::Return,
+                                        optimizer::Dead_Code,
+                                        optimizer::Block,
+                                        optimizer::For_Loop,
+                                        optimizer::Assign_Decl>;
+
+  } // namespace optimizer
+} // namespace chaiscript
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_posix.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_POSIX_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_POSIX_HPP_
+
+namespace chaiscript::detail {
+  struct Loadable_Module {
+    struct DLModule {
+      explicit DLModule(const std::string &t_filename)
+          : m_data(dlopen(t_filename.c_str(), RTLD_NOW)) {
+        if (m_data == nullptr) {
+          throw chaiscript::exception::load_module_error(dlerror());
+        }
+      }
+
+      DLModule(DLModule &&) = default;
+      DLModule &operator=(DLModule &&) = default;
+      DLModule(const DLModule &) = delete;
+      DLModule &operator=(const DLModule &) = delete;
+
+      ~DLModule() { dlclose(m_data); }
+
+      void *m_data;
+    };
+
+    template<typename T>
+    struct DLSym {
+      DLSym(DLModule &t_mod, const std::string &t_symbol)
+          : m_symbol(reinterpret_cast<T>(dlsym(t_mod.m_data, t_symbol.c_str()))) {
+        if (!m_symbol) {
+          throw chaiscript::exception::load_module_error(dlerror());
+        }
+      }
+
+      T m_symbol;
+    };
+
+    Loadable_Module(const std::string &t_module_name, const std::string &t_filename)
+        : m_dlmodule(t_filename)
+        , m_func(m_dlmodule, "create_chaiscript_module_" + t_module_name)
+        , m_moduleptr(m_func.m_symbol()) {
+    }
+
+    DLModule m_dlmodule;
+    DLSym<Create_Module_Func> m_func;
+    ModulePtr m_moduleptr;
+  };
+} // namespace chaiscript::detail
+#endif

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.chai

@@ -1,539 +0,0 @@
-// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
-// See "license.txt" for details.
-// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
-// and Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
-// http://www.chaiscript.com
-
-#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
-#define CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
-
-namespace chaiscript {
-struct ChaiScript_Prelude { 
-  static std::string chaiscript_prelude() {  return R""(
-
-def lt(l, r) { 
-  if (call_exists(`<`, l, r)) { 
-    l < r 
-  } else { 
-    type_name(l) < type_name(r) 
-  } 
-}
-
-
-def gt(l, r) { 
-  if (call_exists(`>`, l, r)) { 
-    l > r 
-  } else { 
-    type_name(l) > type_name(r) 
-  } 
-}
-
-def eq(l, r) { 
-  if (call_exists(`==`, l, r)) { 
-    l == r 
-  } else { 
-    false 
-  } 
-}
-
-def new(x) { 
-  eval(type_name(x))(); 
-}
-
-def clone(double x) {
-  double(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
-}
-
-def clone(string x) {
-  string(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
-}
-
-def clone(vector x) {
-  vector(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
-}
-
-
-def clone(int x) {
-  int(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
-}
-
-def clone(x) : function_exists(type_name(x)) && call_exists(eval(type_name(x)), x)
-{
-  eval(type_name(x))(x).clone_var_attrs(x);
-}
-
-
-# to_string for Pair()
-def to_string(x) : call_exists(first, x) && call_exists(second, x) { 
-  "<" + x.first.to_string() + ", " + x.second.to_string() + ">"; 
-}
-
-# to_string for containers
-def to_string(x) : call_exists(range, x) && !x.is_type("string"){ 
-  "[" + x.join(", ") + "]"; 
-}
-
-# Prints to console with no carriage return
-def puts(x) { 
-  print_string(x.to_string()); 
-}
-
-# Prints to console with carriage return
-def print(x) { 
-  println_string(x.to_string()); 
-}
-
-# Returns the maximum value of two numbers
-def max(a, b) {
-  if (a>b) { 
-    a 
-  } else { 
-    b 
-  } 
-} 
-
-# Returns the minimum value of two numbers
-def min(a, b) 
-{ 
-  if (a<b) 
-  { 
-    a 
-  } else { 
-    b 
-  } 
-}
-
-
-# Returns true if the value is odd
-def odd(x)  { 
-  if (x % 2 == 1) 
-  { 
-    true 
-  } else { 
-    false 
-  } 
-}
-
-
-# Returns true if the value is even
-def even(x) 
-{ 
-  if (x % 2 == 0) 
-  { 
-    true 
-  } else { 
-    false 
-  } 
-} 
-
-
-# Inserts the third value at the position of the second value into the container of the first
-# while making a clone. 
-def insert_at(container, pos, x) 
-{ 
-  container.insert_ref_at(pos, clone(x)); 
-} 
-
-# Returns the reverse of the given container
-def reverse(container) {
-  auto retval := new(container); 
-  auto r := range(container); 
-  while (!r.empty()) { 
-    retval.push_back(r.back()); 
-    r.pop_back(); 
-  } 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-
-def range(r) : call_exists(range_internal, r)
-{
-  var ri := range_internal(r);
-  ri.get_var_attr("internal_obj") := r;
-  ri;
-}
-
-# Return a range from a range 
-def range(r) : call_exists(empty, r) && call_exists(pop_front, r) && call_exists(pop_back, r) && call_exists(back, r) && call_exists(front, r) 
-{
-  clone(r);
-}
-
-
-# The retro attribute that contains the underlying range 
-attr retro::m_range; 
-
-# Creates a retro from a retro by returning the original range
-def retro(r) : call_exists(get_type_name, r) && get_type_name(r) == "retro" 
-{ 
-  clone(r.m_range) 
-}
-
-
-# Creates a retro range from a range
-def retro::retro(r) : call_exists(empty, r) && call_exists(pop_front, r) && call_exists(pop_back, r) && call_exists(back, r) && call_exists(front, r) 
-{ 
-  this.m_range = r; 
-}
-
-# Returns the first value of a retro
-def retro::front()  
-{ 
-  back(this.m_range) 
-}
-
-# Returns the last value of a retro
-def retro::back()  
-{ 
-  front(this.m_range) 
-}
-
-# Moves the back iterator of a retro towards the front by one 
-def retro::pop_back()  
-{
-  pop_front(this.m_range) 
-}
-
-# Moves the front iterator of a retro towards the back by one 
-def retro::pop_front()  
-{ 
-  pop_back(this.m_range) 
-} 
-
-# returns true if the retro is out of elements 
-def retro::empty() 
-{ 
-  empty(this.m_range); 
-} 
-
-# Performs the second value function over the container first value
-def for_each(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  var t_range := range(container); 
-  while (!t_range.empty()) { 
-    func(t_range.front()); 
-    t_range.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-} 
-
-def back_inserter(container) {
-  bind(push_back, container, _);
-}
-
-def contains(container, item, compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto t_range := range(container); 
-  while (!t_range.empty()) { 
-    if ( compare_func(t_range.front(), item) ) { 
-      return true; 
-    } 
-
-    t_range.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-  false; 
-} 
-
-def contains(container, item) { 
-  contains(container, item, eq) 
-} 
-
-def map(container, func, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto range := range(container); 
-  while (!range.empty()) { 
-    inserter(func(range.front())); 
-    range.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-} 
-
-# Performs the second value function over the container first value. Creates a new container with the results
-def map(container, func) { 
-  auto retval := new(container); 
-  map(container, func, back_inserter(retval));
-  retval;
-}
-
-# Performs the second value function over the container first value. Starts with initial and continues with each element.
-def foldl(container, func, initial) : call_exists(range, container){ 
-  auto retval = initial; 
-  auto range := range(container); 
-  while (!range.empty()) { 
-    retval = (func(range.front(), retval)); 
-    range.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-# Returns the sum of the elements of the given value
-def sum(container) { 
-  foldl(container, `+`, 0.0) 
-} 
-
-# Returns the product of the elements of the given value
-def product(container) { 
-  foldl(container, `*`, 1.0) 
-} 
-
-# Returns a new container with the elements of the first value concatenated with the elements of the second value
-def concat(x, y) : call_exists(clone, x) { 
-  auto retval = x; 
-  auto inserter := back_inserter(retval); 
-  auto range := range(y); 
-  while (!range.empty()) { 
-    inserter(range.front()); 
-    range.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-
-def take(container, num, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto r := range(container); 
-  auto i = num; 
-  while ((i > 0) && (!r.empty())) { 
-    inserter(r.front()); 
-    r.pop_front(); 
-    --i; 
-  } 
-}
-
-
-# Returns a new container with the given number of elements taken from the container
-def take(container, num) {
-  auto retval := new(container); 
-  take(container, num, back_inserter(retval)); 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-
-def take_while(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto r := range(container); 
-  while ((!r.empty()) && f(r.front())) { 
-    inserter(r.front()); 
-    r.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-} 
-
-
-# Returns a new container with the given elements match the second value function
-def take_while(container, f) {
-  auto retval := new(container); 
-  take_while(container, f, back_inserter(retval)); 
-  retval;
-}
-
-
-def drop(container, num, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto r := range(container); 
-  auto i = num; 
-  while ((i > 0) && (!r.empty())) { 
-    r.pop_front(); 
-    --i; 
-  } 
-  while (!r.empty()) { 
-    inserter(r.front()); 
-    r.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-}
-
-
-# Returns a new container with the given number of elements dropped from the given container 
-def drop(container, num) {
-  auto retval := new(container); 
-  drop(container, num, back_inserter(retval)); 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-
-def drop_while(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto r := range(container); 
-  while ((!r.empty())&& f(r.front())) { 
-    r.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-  while (!r.empty()) { 
-    inserter(r.front()); 
-    r.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-}
-
-
-# Returns a new container with the given elements dropped that match the second value function
-def drop_while(container, f) {
-  auto retval := new(container); 
-  drop_while(container, f, back_inserter(retval)); 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-
-# Applies the second value function to the container. Starts with the first two elements. Expects at least 2 elements.
-def reduce(container, func) : container.size() >= 2 && call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto r := range(container); 
-  auto retval = r.front(); 
-  r.pop_front(); 
-  retval = func(retval, r.front()); 
-  r.pop_front(); 
-  while (!r.empty()) { 
-    retval = func(retval, r.front()); 
-    r.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-
-# Returns a string of the elements in container delimited by the second value string
-def join(container, delim) { 
-  auto retval = ""; 
-  auto range := range(container); 
-  if (!range.empty()) { 
-    retval += to_string(range.front()); 
-    range.pop_front(); 
-    while (!range.empty()) { 
-      retval += delim; 
-      retval += to_string(range.front()); 
-      range.pop_front(); 
-    } 
-  } 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-
-def filter(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto r := range(container); 
-  while (!r.empty()) { 
-    if (f(r.front())) { 
-      inserter(r.front()); 
-    } 
-    r.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-} 
-
-
-# Returns a new Vector which match the second value function
-def filter(container, f) { 
-  auto retval := new(container); 
-  filter(container, f, back_inserter(retval));
-  retval;
-}
-
-
-def generate_range(x, y, inserter) { 
-  auto i = x; 
-  while (i <= y) { 
-    inserter(i); 
-    ++i; 
-  } 
-}
-
-
-# Returns a new Vector which represents the range from the first value to the second value
-def generate_range(x, y) { 
-  auto retval := Vector(); 
-  generate_range(x,y,back_inserter(retval)); 
-  retval; 
-}
-
-
-# Returns a new Vector with the first value to the second value as its elements
-def collate(x, y) { 
-  return [x, y]; 
-}
-
-
-def zip_with(f, x, y, inserter) : call_exists(range, x) && call_exists(range, y) { 
-  auto r_x := range(x); 
-  auto r_y := range(y); 
-  while (!r_x.empty() && !r_y.empty()) { 
-    inserter(f(r_x.front(), r_y.front())); 
-    r_x.pop_front(); 
-    r_y.pop_front(); 
-  } 
-}
-
-
-# Returns a new Vector which joins matching elements of the second and third value with the first value function
-def zip_with(f, x, y) { 
-  auto retval := Vector(); 
-  zip_with(f,x,y,back_inserter(retval)); 
-  retval;
-}
-
-
-# Returns a new Vector which joins matching elements of the first and second
-def zip(x, y) { 
-  zip_with(collate, x, y); 
-}
-
-
-# Returns the position of the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find(string substr) { 
-  find(this, substr, size_t(0)); 
-}
-
-
-# Returns the position of last match of the second value string in the first value string
-def string::rfind(string substr) { 
-  rfind(this, substr, size_t(-1)); 
-}
-
-
-# Returns the position of the first match of elements in the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find_first_of(string list) { 
-  find_first_of(this, list, size_t(0)); 
-} 
-
-
-# Returns the position of the last match of elements in the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find_last_of(string list) {
-  find_last_of(this, list, size_t(-1)); 
-} 
-
-
-# Returns the position of the first non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find_first_not_of(string list) { 
-  find_first_not_of(this, list, size_t(0)); 
-} 
-
-
-# Returns the position of the last non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string
-def string::find_last_not_of(string list) { 
-  find_last_not_of(this, list, size_t(-1)); 
-} 
-
-
-def string::ltrim() { 
-  drop_while(this, fun(x) { x == ' ' || x == '\t' || x == '\r' || x == '\n'}); 
-} 
-
-
-def string::rtrim() { 
-  reverse(drop_while(reverse(this), fun(x) { x == ' ' || x == '\t' || x == '\r' || x == '\n'})); 
-} 
-
-
-def string::trim() { 
-  ltrim(rtrim(this)); 
-}
-
-
-def find(container, value, Function compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) { 
-  auto range := range(container); 
-  while (!range.empty()) { 
-    if (compare_func(range.front(), value)) { 
-      return range; 
-    } else { 
-      range.pop_front(); 
-    } 
-  } 
-  range; 
-} 
-
-
-def find(container, value) { 
-  find(container, value, eq) 
-} 
-
-
-)"";
-}
-
-};
-}
-
-#endif /* CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_prelude.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,562 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// and 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  struct ChaiScript_Prelude {
+    static std::string chaiscript_prelude() {
+      return R"chaiscript(
+
+def lt(l, r) {
+  if (call_exists(`<`, l, r)) {
+    l < r
+  } else {
+    type_name(l) < type_name(r)
+  }
+}
+
+
+def gt(l, r) {
+  if (call_exists(`>`, l, r)) {
+    l > r
+  } else {
+    type_name(l) > type_name(r)
+  }
+}
+
+def eq(l, r) {
+  if (call_exists(`==`, l, r)) {
+    l == r
+  } else {
+    false
+  }
+}
+
+def new(x) {
+  eval(type_name(x))();
+}
+
+def clone(double x) {
+  double(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+def clone(string x) {
+  string(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+def clone(vector x) {
+  vector(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+
+def clone(int x) {
+  int(x).clone_var_attrs(x)
+}
+
+def clone(x) : function_exists(type_name(x)) && call_exists(eval(type_name(x)), x)
+{
+  eval(type_name(x))(x).clone_var_attrs(x);
+}
+
+
+# to_string for Pair()
+def to_string(x) : call_exists(first, x) && call_exists(second, x) {
+  "<" + x.first.to_string() + ", " + x.second.to_string() + ">";
+}
+
+# to_string for containers
+def to_string(x) : call_exists(range, x) && !x.is_type("string"){
+  "[" + x.join(", ") + "]";
+}
+
+# Prints to console with no carriage return
+def puts(x) {
+  print_string(x.to_string());
+}
+
+# Prints to console with carriage return
+def print(x) {
+  println_string(x.to_string());
+}
+
+# Returns the maximum value of two numbers
+def max(a, b) {
+  if (a>b) {
+    a
+  } else {
+    b
+  }
+}
+
+# Returns the minimum value of two numbers
+def min(a, b)
+{
+  if (a<b)
+  {
+    a
+  } else {
+    b
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns true if the value is odd
+def odd(x)  {
+  if (x % 2 == 1)
+  {
+    true
+  } else {
+    false
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns true if the value is even
+def even(x)
+{
+  if (x % 2 == 0)
+  {
+    true
+  } else {
+    false
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Inserts the third value at the position of the second value into the container of the first
+# while making a clone.
+def insert_at(container, pos, x)
+{
+  container.insert_ref_at(pos, clone(x));
+}
+
+# Returns the reverse of the given container
+def reverse(container) {
+  auto retval := new(container);
+  auto r := range(container);
+  while (!r.empty()) {
+    retval.push_back(r.back());
+    r.pop_back();
+  }
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def range(r) : call_exists(range_internal, r)
+{
+  var ri := range_internal(r);
+  ri.get_var_attr("internal_obj") := r;
+  ri;
+}
+
+# Return a range from a range
+def range(r) : call_exists(empty, r) && call_exists(pop_front, r) && call_exists(pop_back, r) && call_exists(back, r) && call_exists(front, r)
+{
+  clone(r);
+}
+
+
+# The retro attribute that contains the underlying range
+attr retro::m_range;
+
+# Creates a retro from a retro by returning the original range
+def retro(r) : call_exists(get_type_name, r) && get_type_name(r) == "retro"
+{
+  clone(r.m_range)
+}
+
+
+# Creates a retro range from a range
+def retro::retro(r) : call_exists(empty, r) && call_exists(pop_front, r) && call_exists(pop_back, r) && call_exists(back, r) && call_exists(front, r)
+{
+  this.m_range = r;
+}
+
+# Returns the first value of a retro
+def retro::front()
+{
+  back(this.m_range)
+}
+
+# Returns the last value of a retro
+def retro::back()
+{
+  front(this.m_range)
+}
+
+# Moves the back iterator of a retro towards the front by one
+def retro::pop_back()
+{
+  pop_front(this.m_range)
+}
+
+# Moves the front iterator of a retro towards the back by one
+def retro::pop_front()
+{
+  pop_back(this.m_range)
+}
+
+# returns true if the retro is out of elements
+def retro::empty()
+{
+  empty(this.m_range);
+}
+
+# Performs the second value function over the container first value
+def for_each(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  var t_range := range(container);
+  while (!t_range.empty()) {
+    func(t_range.front());
+    t_range.pop_front();
+  }
+}
+
+def any_of(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  var t_range := range(container);
+  while (!t_range.empty()) {
+    if (func(t_range.front())) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    t_range.pop_front();
+  }
+  false;
+}
+
+def all_of(container, func) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  var t_range := range(container);
+  while (!t_range.empty()) {
+    if (!func(t_range.front())) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    t_range.pop_front();
+  }
+
+  true;
+}
+
+def back_inserter(container) {
+  bind(push_back, container, _);
+}
+
+def contains(container, item, compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto t_range := range(container);
+  while (!t_range.empty()) {
+    if ( compare_func(t_range.front(), item) ) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    t_range.pop_front();
+  }
+  false;
+}
+
+def contains(container, item) {
+  contains(container, item, eq)
+}
+
+def map(container, func, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto range := range(container);
+  while (!range.empty()) {
+    inserter(func(range.front()));
+    range.pop_front();
+  }
+}
+
+# Performs the second value function over the container first value. Creates a new container with the results
+def map(container, func) {
+  auto retval := new(container);
+  map(container, func, back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+# Performs the second value function over the container first value. Starts with initial and continues with each element.
+def foldl(container, func, initial) : call_exists(range, container){
+  auto retval = initial;
+  auto range := range(container);
+  while (!range.empty()) {
+    retval = (func(range.front(), retval));
+    range.pop_front();
+  }
+  retval;
+}
+
+# Returns the sum of the elements of the given value
+def sum(container) {
+  foldl(container, `+`, 0.0)
+}
+
+# Returns the product of the elements of the given value
+def product(container) {
+  foldl(container, `*`, 1.0)
+}
+
+# Returns a new container with the elements of the first value concatenated with the elements of the second value
+def concat(x, y) : call_exists(clone, x) {
+  auto retval = x;
+  auto inserter := back_inserter(retval);
+  auto range := range(y);
+  while (!range.empty()) {
+    inserter(range.front());
+    range.pop_front();
+  }
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def take(container, num, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto r := range(container);
+  auto i = num;
+  while ((i > 0) && (!r.empty())) {
+    inserter(r.front());
+    r.pop_front();
+    --i;
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new container with the given number of elements taken from the container
+def take(container, num) {
+  auto retval := new(container);
+  take(container, num, back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def take_while(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto r := range(container);
+  while ((!r.empty()) && f(r.front())) {
+    inserter(r.front());
+    r.pop_front();
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new container with the given elements match the second value function
+def take_while(container, f) {
+  auto retval := new(container);
+  take_while(container, f, back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def drop(container, num, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto r := range(container);
+  auto i = num;
+  while ((i > 0) && (!r.empty())) {
+    r.pop_front();
+    --i;
+  }
+  while (!r.empty()) {
+    inserter(r.front());
+    r.pop_front();
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new container with the given number of elements dropped from the given container
+def drop(container, num) {
+  auto retval := new(container);
+  drop(container, num, back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def drop_while(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto r := range(container);
+  while ((!r.empty())&& f(r.front())) {
+    r.pop_front();
+  }
+  while (!r.empty()) {
+    inserter(r.front());
+    r.pop_front();
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new container with the given elements dropped that match the second value function
+def drop_while(container, f) {
+  auto retval := new(container);
+  drop_while(container, f, back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+# Applies the second value function to the container. Starts with the first two elements. Expects at least 2 elements.
+def reduce(container, func) : container.size() >= 2 && call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto r := range(container);
+  auto retval = r.front();
+  r.pop_front();
+  retval = func(retval, r.front());
+  r.pop_front();
+  while (!r.empty()) {
+    retval = func(retval, r.front());
+    r.pop_front();
+  }
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+# Returns a string of the elements in container delimited by the second value string
+def join(container, delim) {
+  auto retval = "";
+  auto range := range(container);
+  if (!range.empty()) {
+    retval += to_string(range.front());
+    range.pop_front();
+    while (!range.empty()) {
+      retval += delim;
+      retval += to_string(range.front());
+      range.pop_front();
+    }
+  }
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def filter(container, f, inserter) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto r := range(container);
+  while (!r.empty()) {
+    if (f(r.front())) {
+      inserter(r.front());
+    }
+    r.pop_front();
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector which match the second value function
+def filter(container, f) {
+  auto retval := new(container);
+  filter(container, f, back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+def generate_range(x, y, inserter) {
+  auto i = x;
+  while (i <= y) {
+    inserter(i);
+    ++i;
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector which represents the range from the first value to the second value
+def generate_range(x, y) {
+  auto retval := Vector();
+  generate_range(x,y,back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector with the first value to the second value as its elements
+def collate(x, y) {
+  return [x, y];
+}
+
+
+def zip_with(f, x, y, inserter) : call_exists(range, x) && call_exists(range, y) {
+  auto r_x := range(x);
+  auto r_y := range(y);
+  while (!r_x.empty() && !r_y.empty()) {
+    inserter(f(r_x.front(), r_y.front()));
+    r_x.pop_front();
+    r_y.pop_front();
+  }
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector which joins matching elements of the second and third value with the first value function
+def zip_with(f, x, y) {
+  auto retval := Vector();
+  zip_with(f,x,y,back_inserter(retval));
+  retval;
+}
+
+
+# Returns a new Vector which joins matching elements of the first and second
+def zip(x, y) {
+  zip_with(collate, x, y);
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find(string substr) {
+  find(this, substr, size_t(0));
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of last match of the second value string in the first value string
+def string::rfind(string substr) {
+  rfind(this, substr, size_t(-1));
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of the first match of elements in the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find_first_of(string list) {
+  find_first_of(this, list, size_t(0));
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of the last match of elements in the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find_last_of(string list) {
+  find_last_of(this, list, size_t(-1));
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of the first non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find_first_not_of(string list) {
+  find_first_not_of(this, list, size_t(0));
+}
+
+
+# Returns the position of the last non-matching element in the second value string in the first value string
+def string::find_last_not_of(string list) {
+  find_last_not_of(this, list, size_t(-1));
+}
+
+
+def string::ltrim() {
+  drop_while(this, fun(x) { x == ' ' || x == '\t' || x == '\r' || x == '\n'});
+}
+
+
+def string::rtrim() {
+  reverse(drop_while(reverse(this), fun(x) { x == ' ' || x == '\t' || x == '\r' || x == '\n'}));
+}
+
+
+def string::trim() {
+  ltrim(rtrim(this));
+}
+
+
+def find(container, value, Function compare_func) : call_exists(range, container) {
+  auto range := range(container);
+  while (!range.empty()) {
+    if (compare_func(range.front(), value)) {
+      return range;
+    } else {
+      range.pop_front();
+    }
+  }
+  range;
+}
+
+
+def find(container, value) {
+  find(container, value, eq)
+}
+
+
+)chaiscript";
+    }
+  };
+} // namespace chaiscript
+
+#endif /* CHAISCRIPT_PRELUDE_HPP_ */

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_tracer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_TRACER_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_TRACER_HPP_
+
+namespace chaiscript::eval {
+  struct Noop_Tracer_Detail {
+    template<typename T>
+    constexpr void trace(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &, const AST_Node_Impl<T> *) noexcept {
+    }
+  };
+
+  template<typename... T>
+  struct Tracer : T... {
+    Tracer() = default;
+    constexpr explicit Tracer(T... t)
+        : T(std::move(t))... {
+    }
+
+    void do_trace(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &ds, const AST_Node_Impl<Tracer<T...>> *node) {
+      (static_cast<T &>(*this).trace(ds, node), ...);
+    }
+
+    static void trace(const chaiscript::detail::Dispatch_State &ds, const AST_Node_Impl<Tracer<T...>> *node) {
+      ds->get_parser().get_tracer<Tracer<T...>>().do_trace(ds, node);
+    }
+  };
+
+  using Noop_Tracer = Tracer<Noop_Tracer_Detail>;
+
+} // namespace chaiscript::eval
+
+#endif

include/chaiscript/language/chaiscript_unknown.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// This file is distributed under the BSD License.
+// See "license.txt" for details.
+// Copyright 2009-2012, Jonathan Turner (jonathan@emptycrate.com)
+// Copyright 2009-2018, Jason Turner (jason@emptycrate.com)
+// http://www.chaiscript.com
+
+#ifndef CHAISCRIPT_UNKNOWN_HPP_
+#define CHAISCRIPT_UNKNOWN_HPP_
+
+namespace chaiscript {
+  namespace detail {
+    struct Loadable_Module {
+      Loadable_Module(const std::string &, const std::string &) {
+#ifdef CHAISCRIPT_NO_DYNLOAD
+        throw chaiscript::exception::load_module_error("Loadable module support was disabled (CHAISCRIPT_NO_DYNLOAD)");
+#else
+        throw chaiscript::exception::load_module_error("Loadable module support not available for your platform");
+#endif
+      }
+
+      ModulePtr m_moduleptr;
+    };
+  } // namespace detail
+} // namespace chaiscript
+#endif