//              Copyright Catch2 Authors
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
//   (See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
//        https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSL-1.0

//  Catch v3.14.0
//  Generated: 2026-04-05 15:03:01.631668
//  ----------------------------------------------------------
//  This file is an amalgamation of multiple different files.
//  You probably shouldn't edit it directly.
//  ----------------------------------------------------------

#include "catch_amalgamated.hpp"

#ifndef CATCH_WINDOWS_H_PROXY_HPP_INCLUDED
#define CATCH_WINDOWS_H_PROXY_HPP_INCLUDED

#if defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS)

// We might end up with the define made globally through the compiler,
// and we don't want to trigger warnings for this
#if !defined(NOMINMAX)
#define NOMINMAX
#endif
#if !defined(WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN)
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif

#include <windows.h>

#endif // defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS)

#endif // CATCH_WINDOWS_H_PROXY_HPP_INCLUDED

namespace Catch {
  namespace Benchmark {
    namespace Detail {
      ChronometerConcept::~ChronometerConcept() = default;
    } // namespace Detail
  } // namespace Benchmark
} // namespace Catch

// Adapted from donated nonius code.

#include <vector>

namespace Catch {
  namespace Benchmark {
    namespace Detail {
      SampleAnalysis analyse(const IConfig &cfg, FDuration *first, FDuration *last) {
        if (!cfg.benchmarkNoAnalysis()) {
          std::vector<double> samples;
          samples.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(last - first));
          for (auto current = first; current != last; ++current) {
            samples.push_back(current->count());
          }

          auto analysis = Catch::Benchmark::Detail::analyse_samples(
              cfg.benchmarkConfidenceInterval(),
              cfg.benchmarkResamples(),
              samples.data(),
              samples.data() + samples.size());
          auto outliers = Catch::Benchmark::Detail::classify_outliers(
              samples.data(), samples.data() + samples.size());

          auto wrap_estimate = [](Estimate<double> e) {
            return Estimate<FDuration>{
                FDuration(e.point),
                FDuration(e.lower_bound),
                FDuration(e.upper_bound),
                e.confidence_interval,
            };
          };
          std::vector<FDuration> samples2;
          samples2.reserve(samples.size());
          for (auto s : samples) {
            samples2.push_back(FDuration(s));
          }

          return {
              CATCH_MOVE(samples2),
              wrap_estimate(analysis.mean),
              wrap_estimate(analysis.standard_deviation),
              outliers,
              analysis.outlier_variance,
          };
        } else {
          std::vector<FDuration> samples;
          samples.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(last - first));

          FDuration mean = FDuration(0);
          int i = 0;
          for (auto it = first; it < last; ++it, ++i) {
            samples.push_back(*it);
            mean += *it;
          }
          mean /= i;

          return SampleAnalysis{
              CATCH_MOVE(samples),
              Estimate<FDuration>{mean, mean, mean, 0.0},
              Estimate<FDuration>{FDuration(0),
                                  FDuration(0),
                                  FDuration(0),
                                  0.0},
              OutlierClassification{},
              0.0};
        }
      }
    } // namespace Detail
  } // namespace Benchmark
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Benchmark {
    namespace Detail {
      struct do_nothing {
        void operator()() const {}
      };

      BenchmarkFunction::callable::~callable() = default;
      BenchmarkFunction::BenchmarkFunction()
          : f(new model<do_nothing>{{}}) {}
    } // namespace Detail
  } // namespace Benchmark
} // namespace Catch

#include <exception>

namespace Catch {
  namespace Benchmark {
    namespace Detail {
      struct optimized_away_error : std::exception {
        const char *what() const noexcept override;
      };

      const char *optimized_away_error::what() const noexcept {
        return "could not measure benchmark, maybe it was optimized away";
      }

      void throw_optimized_away_error() {
        Catch::throw_exception(optimized_away_error{});
      }

    } // namespace Detail
  } // namespace Benchmark
} // namespace Catch

// Adapted from donated nonius code.

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstddef>
#include <numeric>
#include <random>

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_USE_ASYNC)
#include <future>
#endif

namespace Catch {
  namespace Benchmark {
    namespace Detail {
      namespace {

        template<typename URng, typename Estimator>
        static sample
        resample(URng &rng,
                 unsigned int resamples,
                 double const *first,
                 double const *last,
                 Estimator &estimator) {
          auto n = static_cast<size_t>(last - first);
          Catch::uniform_integer_distribution<size_t> dist(0, n - 1);

          sample out;
          out.reserve(resamples);
          std::vector<double> resampled;
          resampled.reserve(n);
          for (size_t i = 0; i < resamples; ++i) {
            resampled.clear();
            for (size_t s = 0; s < n; ++s) {
              resampled.push_back(first[dist(rng)]);
            }
            const auto estimate = estimator(resampled.data(), resampled.data() + resampled.size());
            out.push_back(estimate);
          }
          std::sort(out.begin(), out.end());
          return out;
        }

        static double outlier_variance(Estimate<double> mean,
                                       Estimate<double> stddev,
                                       int n) {
          double sb = stddev.point;
          double mn = mean.point / n;
          double mg_min = mn / 2.;
          double sg = (std::min)(mg_min / 4., sb / std::sqrt(n));
          double sg2 = sg * sg;
          double sb2 = sb * sb;

          auto c_max = [n, mn, sb2, sg2](double x) -> double {
            double k = mn - x;
            double d = k * k;
            double nd = n * d;
            double k0 = -n * nd;
            double k1 = sb2 - n * sg2 + nd;
            double det = k1 * k1 - 4 * sg2 * k0;
            return static_cast<int>(-2. * k0 / (k1 + std::sqrt(det)));
          };

          auto var_out = [n, sb2, sg2](double c) {
            double nc = n - c;
            return (nc / n) * (sb2 - nc * sg2);
          };

          return (std::min)(var_out(1),
                            var_out(
                                (std::min)(c_max(0.),
                                           c_max(mg_min))))
              / sb2;
        }

        static double erf_inv(double x) {
          // Code accompanying the article "Approximating the erfinv
          // function" in GPU Computing Gems, Volume 2
          double w, p;

          w = -log((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + x));

          if (w < 6.250000) {
            w = w - 3.125000;
            p = -3.6444120640178196996e-21;
            p = -1.685059138182016589e-19 + p * w;
            p = 1.2858480715256400167e-18 + p * w;
            p = 1.115787767802518096e-17 + p * w;
            p = -1.333171662854620906e-16 + p * w;
            p = 2.0972767875968561637e-17 + p * w;
            p = 6.6376381343583238325e-15 + p * w;
            p = -4.0545662729752068639e-14 + p * w;
            p = -8.1519341976054721522e-14 + p * w;
            p = 2.6335093153082322977e-12 + p * w;
            p = -1.2975133253453532498e-11 + p * w;
            p = -5.4154120542946279317e-11 + p * w;
            p = 1.051212273321532285e-09 + p * w;
            p = -4.1126339803469836976e-09 + p * w;
            p = -2.9070369957882005086e-08 + p * w;
            p = 4.2347877827932403518e-07 + p * w;
            p = -1.3654692000834678645e-06 + p * w;
            p = -1.3882523362786468719e-05 + p * w;
            p = 0.0001867342080340571352 + p * w;
            p = -0.00074070253416626697512 + p * w;
            p = -0.0060336708714301490533 + p * w;
            p = 0.24015818242558961693 + p * w;
            p = 1.6536545626831027356 + p * w;
          } else if (w < 16.000000) {
            w = sqrt(w) - 3.250000;
            p = 2.2137376921775787049e-09;
            p = 9.0756561938885390979e-08 + p * w;
            p = -2.7517406297064545428e-07 + p * w;
            p = 1.8239629214389227755e-08 + p * w;
            p = 1.5027403968909827627e-06 + p * w;
            p = -4.013867526981545969e-06 + p * w;
            p = 2.9234449089955446044e-06 + p * w;
            p = 1.2475304481671778723e-05 + p * w;
            p = -4.7318229009055733981e-05 + p * w;
            p = 6.8284851459573175448e-05 + p * w;
            p = 2.4031110387097893999e-05 + p * w;
            p = -0.0003550375203628474796 + p * w;
            p = 0.00095328937973738049703 + p * w;
            p = -0.0016882755560235047313 + p * w;
            p = 0.0024914420961078508066 + p * w;
            p = -0.0037512085075692412107 + p * w;
            p = 0.005370914553590063617 + p * w;
            p = 1.0052589676941592334 + p * w;
            p = 3.0838856104922207635 + p * w;
          } else {
            w = sqrt(w) - 5.000000;
            p = -2.7109920616438573243e-11;
            p = -2.5556418169965252055e-10 + p * w;
            p = 1.5076572693500548083e-09 + p * w;
            p = -3.7894654401267369937e-09 + p * w;
            p = 7.6157012080783393804e-09 + p * w;
            p = -1.4960026627149240478e-08 + p * w;
            p = 2.9147953450901080826e-08 + p * w;
            p = -6.7711997758452339498e-08 + p * w;
            p = 2.2900482228026654717e-07 + p * w;
            p = -9.9298272942317002539e-07 + p * w;
            p = 4.5260625972231537039e-06 + p * w;
            p = -1.9681778105531670567e-05 + p * w;
            p = 7.5995277030017761139e-05 + p * w;
            p = -0.00021503011930044477347 + p * w;
            p = -0.00013871931833623122026 + p * w;
            p = 1.0103004648645343977 + p * w;
            p = 4.8499064014085844221 + p * w;
          }
          return p * x;
        }

        static double
        standard_deviation(double const *first, double const *last) {
          auto m = Catch::Benchmark::Detail::mean(first, last);
          double variance = std::accumulate(first,
                                            last,
                                            0.,
                                            [m](double a, double b) {
                                              double diff = b - m;
                                              return a + diff * diff;
                                            })
              / static_cast<double>(last - first);
          return std::sqrt(variance);
        }

        static sample jackknife(double (*estimator)(double const *,
                                                    double const *),
                                double *first,
                                double *last) {
          const auto second = first + 1;
          sample results;
          results.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(last - first));

          for (auto it = first; it != last; ++it) {
            std::iter_swap(it, first);
            results.push_back(estimator(second, last));
          }

          return results;
        }

      } // namespace
    } // namespace Detail
  } // namespace Benchmark
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Benchmark {
    namespace Detail {

      double weighted_average_quantile(int k,
                                       int q,
                                       double *first,
                                       double *last) {
        auto count = last - first;
        double idx = static_cast<double>((count - 1) * k) / static_cast<double>(q);
        int j = static_cast<int>(idx);
        double g = idx - j;
        std::nth_element(first, first + j, last);
        auto xj = first[j];
        if (Catch::Detail::directCompare(g, 0)) {
          return xj;
        }

        auto xj1 = *std::min_element(first + (j + 1), last);
        return xj + g * (xj1 - xj);
      }

      OutlierClassification
      classify_outliers(double const *first, double const *last) {
        std::vector<double> copy(first, last);

        auto q1 = weighted_average_quantile(1, 4, copy.data(), copy.data() + copy.size());
        auto q3 = weighted_average_quantile(3, 4, copy.data(), copy.data() + copy.size());
        auto iqr = q3 - q1;
        auto los = q1 - (iqr * 3.);
        auto lom = q1 - (iqr * 1.5);
        auto him = q3 + (iqr * 1.5);
        auto his = q3 + (iqr * 3.);

        OutlierClassification o;
        for (; first != last; ++first) {
          const double t = *first;
          if (t < los) {
            ++o.low_severe;
          } else if (t < lom) {
            ++o.low_mild;
          } else if (t > his) {
            ++o.high_severe;
          } else if (t > him) {
            ++o.high_mild;
          }
          ++o.samples_seen;
        }
        return o;
      }

      double mean(double const *first, double const *last) {
        auto count = last - first;
        double sum = 0.;
        while (first != last) {
          sum += *first;
          ++first;
        }
        return sum / static_cast<double>(count);
      }

      double normal_cdf(double x) {
        return std::erfc(-x / std::sqrt(2.0)) / 2.0;
      }

      double erfc_inv(double x) {
        return erf_inv(1.0 - x);
      }

      double normal_quantile(double p) {
        static const double ROOT_TWO = std::sqrt(2.0);

        double result = 0.0;
        assert(p >= 0 && p <= 1);
        if (p < 0 || p > 1) {
          return result;
        }

        result = -erfc_inv(2.0 * p);
        // result *= normal distribution standard deviation (1.0) * sqrt(2)
        result *= /*sd * */ ROOT_TWO;
        // result += normal disttribution mean (0)
        return result;
      }

      Estimate<double>
      bootstrap(double confidence_level,
                double *first,
                double *last,
                sample const &resample,
                double (*estimator)(double const *, double const *)) {
        auto n_samples = last - first;

        double point = estimator(first, last);
        // Degenerate case with a single sample
        if (n_samples == 1)
          return {point, point, point, confidence_level};

        sample jack = jackknife(estimator, first, last);
        double jack_mean = mean(jack.data(), jack.data() + jack.size());
        double sum_squares = 0, sum_cubes = 0;
        for (double x : jack) {
          auto difference = jack_mean - x;
          auto square = difference * difference;
          auto cube = square * difference;
          sum_squares += square;
          sum_cubes += cube;
        }

        double accel = sum_cubes / (6 * std::pow(sum_squares, 1.5));
        long n = static_cast<long>(resample.size());
        double prob_n = static_cast<double>(
                            std::count_if(resample.begin(),
                                          resample.end(),
                                          [point](double x) { return x < point; }))
            / static_cast<double>(n);
        // degenerate case with uniform samples
        if (Catch::Detail::directCompare(prob_n, 0.)) {
          return {point, point, point, confidence_level};
        }

        double bias = normal_quantile(prob_n);
        double z1 = normal_quantile((1. - confidence_level) / 2.);

        auto cumn = [n](double x) -> long {
          return std::lround(normal_cdf(x) * static_cast<double>(n));
        };
        auto a = [bias, accel](double b) {
          return bias + b / (1. - accel * b);
        };
        double b1 = bias + z1;
        double b2 = bias - z1;
        double a1 = a(b1);
        double a2 = a(b2);
        auto lo = static_cast<size_t>((std::max)(cumn(a1), 0l));
        auto hi = static_cast<size_t>((std::min)(cumn(a2), n - 1));

        return {point, resample[lo], resample[hi], confidence_level};
      }

      bootstrap_analysis analyse_samples(double confidence_level,
                                         unsigned int n_resamples,
                                         double *first,
                                         double *last) {
        auto mean = &Detail::mean;
        auto stddev = &standard_deviation;

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_USE_ASYNC)
        auto Estimate = [=](double (*f)(double const *, double const *)) {
          std::random_device rd;
          auto seed = rd();
          return std::async(std::launch::async, [=] {
            SimplePcg32 rng(seed);
            auto resampled = resample(rng, n_resamples, first, last, f);
            return bootstrap(confidence_level, first, last, resampled, f);
          });
        };

        auto mean_future = Estimate(mean);
        auto stddev_future = Estimate(stddev);

        auto mean_estimate = mean_future.get();
        auto stddev_estimate = stddev_future.get();
#else
        auto Estimate = [=](double (*f)(double const *, double const *)) {
          std::random_device rd;
          auto seed = rd();
          SimplePcg32 rng(seed);
          auto resampled = resample(rng, n_resamples, first, last, f);
          return bootstrap(confidence_level, first, last, resampled, f);
        };

        auto mean_estimate = Estimate(mean);
        auto stddev_estimate = Estimate(stddev);
#endif // CATCH_USE_ASYNC

        auto n = static_cast<int>(last - first); // seriously, one can't use integral types without hell in C++
        double outlier_variance = Detail::outlier_variance(mean_estimate, stddev_estimate, n);

        return {mean_estimate, stddev_estimate, outlier_variance};
      }
    } // namespace Detail
  } // namespace Benchmark
} // namespace Catch

#include <cmath>
#include <limits>

namespace {

  // Performs equivalent check of std::fabs(lhs - rhs) <= margin
  // But without the subtraction to allow for INFINITY in comparison
  bool marginComparison(double lhs, double rhs, double margin) {
    return (lhs + margin >= rhs) && (rhs + margin >= lhs);
  }

} // namespace

namespace Catch {

  Approx::Approx(double value)
      : m_epsilon(static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::epsilon()) * 100.), m_margin(0.0), m_scale(0.0), m_value(value) {}

  Approx Approx::custom() {
    return Approx(0);
  }

  Approx Approx::operator-() const {
    auto temp(*this);
    temp.m_value = -temp.m_value;
    return temp;
  }

  std::string Approx::toString() const {
    ReusableStringStream rss;
    rss << "Approx( " << ::Catch::Detail::stringify(m_value) << " )";
    return rss.str();
  }

  bool Approx::equalityComparisonImpl(const double other) const {
    // First try with fixed margin, then compute margin based on epsilon, scale and Approx's value
    // Thanks to Richard Harris for his help refining the scaled margin value
    return marginComparison(m_value, other, m_margin)
        || marginComparison(m_value, other, m_epsilon * (m_scale + std::fabs(std::isinf(m_value) ? 0 : m_value)));
  }

  void Approx::setMargin(double newMargin) {
    CATCH_ENFORCE(newMargin >= 0,
                  "Invalid Approx::margin: " << newMargin << '.'
                                             << " Approx::Margin has to be non-negative.");
    m_margin = newMargin;
  }

  void Approx::setEpsilon(double newEpsilon) {
    CATCH_ENFORCE(newEpsilon >= 0 && newEpsilon <= 1.0,
                  "Invalid Approx::epsilon: " << newEpsilon << '.'
                                              << " Approx::epsilon has to be in [0, 1]");
    m_epsilon = newEpsilon;
  }

  namespace literals {
    Approx operator""_a(long double val) {
      return Approx(val);
    }
    Approx operator""_a(unsigned long long val) {
      return Approx(val);
    }
  } // end namespace literals

  std::string StringMaker<Catch::Approx>::convert(Catch::Approx const &value) {
    return value.toString();
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  AssertionResultData::AssertionResultData(ResultWas::OfType _resultType, LazyExpression const &_lazyExpression)
      : lazyExpression(_lazyExpression), resultType(_resultType) {}

  std::string AssertionResultData::reconstructExpression() const {
    if (reconstructedExpression.empty()) {
      if (lazyExpression) {
        ReusableStringStream rss;
        rss << lazyExpression;
        reconstructedExpression = rss.str();
      }
    }
    return reconstructedExpression;
  }

  AssertionResult::AssertionResult(AssertionInfo const &info, AssertionResultData &&data)
      : m_info(info), m_resultData(CATCH_MOVE(data)) {}

  // Result was a success
  bool AssertionResult::succeeded() const {
    return Catch::isOk(m_resultData.resultType);
  }

  // Result was a success, or failure is suppressed
  bool AssertionResult::isOk() const {
    return Catch::isOk(m_resultData.resultType) || shouldSuppressFailure(m_info.resultDisposition);
  }

  ResultWas::OfType AssertionResult::getResultType() const {
    return m_resultData.resultType;
  }

  bool AssertionResult::hasExpression() const {
    return !m_info.capturedExpression.empty();
  }

  bool AssertionResult::hasMessage() const {
    return !m_resultData.message.empty();
  }

  std::string AssertionResult::getExpression() const {
    // Possibly overallocating by 3 characters should be basically free
    std::string expr;
    expr.reserve(m_info.capturedExpression.size() + 3);
    if (isFalseTest(m_info.resultDisposition)) {
      expr += "!(";
    }
    expr += m_info.capturedExpression;
    if (isFalseTest(m_info.resultDisposition)) {
      expr += ')';
    }
    return expr;
  }

  std::string AssertionResult::getExpressionInMacro() const {
    if (m_info.macroName.empty()) {
      return static_cast<std::string>(m_info.capturedExpression);
    }
    std::string expr;
    expr.reserve(m_info.macroName.size() + m_info.capturedExpression.size() + 4);
    expr += m_info.macroName;
    expr += "( ";
    expr += m_info.capturedExpression;
    expr += " )";
    return expr;
  }

  bool AssertionResult::hasExpandedExpression() const {
    return hasExpression() && getExpandedExpression() != getExpression();
  }

  std::string AssertionResult::getExpandedExpression() const {
    std::string expr = m_resultData.reconstructExpression();
    return expr.empty()
        ? getExpression()
        : expr;
  }

  StringRef AssertionResult::getMessage() const {
    return m_resultData.message;
  }
  SourceLineInfo AssertionResult::getSourceInfo() const {
    return m_info.lineInfo;
  }

  StringRef AssertionResult::getTestMacroName() const {
    return m_info.macroName;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <fstream>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    static bool enableBazelEnvSupport() {
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_BAZEL_SUPPORT)
      return true;
#else
      return Detail::getEnv("BAZEL_TEST") != nullptr;
#endif
    }

    struct bazelShardingOptions {
      unsigned int shardIndex, shardCount;
      std::string shardFilePath;
    };

    static Optional<bazelShardingOptions> readBazelShardingOptions() {
      const auto bazelShardIndex = Detail::getEnv("TEST_SHARD_INDEX");
      const auto bazelShardTotal = Detail::getEnv("TEST_TOTAL_SHARDS");
      const auto bazelShardInfoFile = Detail::getEnv("TEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE");

      const bool has_all = bazelShardIndex && bazelShardTotal && bazelShardInfoFile;
      if (!has_all) {
        // We provide nice warning message if the input is
        // misconfigured.
        auto warn = [](const char *env_var) {
          Catch::cerr()
              << "Warning: Bazel shard configuration is missing '"
              << env_var << "'. Shard configuration is skipped.\n";
        };
        if (!bazelShardIndex) {
          warn("TEST_SHARD_INDEX");
        }
        if (!bazelShardTotal) {
          warn("TEST_TOTAL_SHARDS");
        }
        if (!bazelShardInfoFile) {
          warn("TEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE");
        }
        return {};
      }

      auto shardIndex = parseUInt(bazelShardIndex);
      if (!shardIndex) {
        Catch::cerr()
            << "Warning: could not parse 'TEST_SHARD_INDEX' ('" << bazelShardIndex
            << "') as unsigned int.\n";
        return {};
      }
      auto shardTotal = parseUInt(bazelShardTotal);
      if (!shardTotal) {
        Catch::cerr()
            << "Warning: could not parse 'TEST_TOTAL_SHARD' ('"
            << bazelShardTotal << "') as unsigned int.\n";
        return {};
      }

      return bazelShardingOptions{
          *shardIndex, *shardTotal, bazelShardInfoFile};
    }
  } // end namespace

  bool operator==(ProcessedReporterSpec const &lhs,
                  ProcessedReporterSpec const &rhs) {
    return lhs.name == rhs.name && lhs.outputFilename == rhs.outputFilename && lhs.colourMode == rhs.colourMode && lhs.customOptions == rhs.customOptions;
  }

  bool operator==(PathFilter const &lhs, PathFilter const &rhs) {
    return lhs.type == rhs.type && lhs.filter == rhs.filter;
  }

  Config::Config(ConfigData const &data)
      : m_data(data) {
    // We need to trim filter specs to avoid trouble with superfluous
    // whitespace (esp. important for bdd macros, as those are manually
    // aligned with whitespace).

    for (auto &elem : m_data.testsOrTags) {
      elem = trim(elem);
    }

    // Insert the default reporter if user hasn't asked for a specific one
    if (m_data.reporterSpecifications.empty()) {
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DEFAULT_REPORTER)
      const auto default_spec = CATCH_CONFIG_DEFAULT_REPORTER;
#else
      const auto default_spec = "console";
#endif
      auto parsed = parseReporterSpec(default_spec);
      CATCH_ENFORCE(parsed,
                    "Cannot parse the provided default reporter spec: '"
                        << default_spec << '\'');
      m_data.reporterSpecifications.push_back(std::move(*parsed));
    }

    // Reading bazel env vars can change some parts of the config data,
    // so we have to process the bazel env before acting on the config.
    if (enableBazelEnvSupport()) {
      readBazelEnvVars();
    }

    // Bazel support can modify the test specs, so parsing has to happen
    // after reading Bazel env vars.
    TestSpecParser parser(ITagAliasRegistry::get());
    if (!m_data.testsOrTags.empty()) {
      m_hasTestFilters = true;
      for (auto const &testOrTags : m_data.testsOrTags) {
        parser.parse(testOrTags);
      }
    }
    m_testSpec = parser.testSpec();

    // We now fixup the reporter specs to handle default output spec,
    // default colour spec, etc
    bool defaultOutputUsed = false;
    for (auto const &reporterSpec : m_data.reporterSpecifications) {
      // We do the default-output check separately, while always
      // using the default output below to make the code simpler
      // and avoid superfluous copies.
      if (reporterSpec.outputFile().none()) {
        CATCH_ENFORCE(!defaultOutputUsed,
                      "Internal error: cannot use default output for "
                      "multiple reporters");
        defaultOutputUsed = true;
      }

      m_processedReporterSpecs.push_back(ProcessedReporterSpec{
          reporterSpec.name(),
          reporterSpec.outputFile() ? *reporterSpec.outputFile()
                                    : data.defaultOutputFilename,
          reporterSpec.colourMode().valueOr(data.defaultColourMode),
          reporterSpec.customOptions()});
    }
  }

  Config::~Config() = default;

  bool Config::listTests() const {
    return m_data.listTests;
  }
  bool Config::listTags() const {
    return m_data.listTags;
  }
  bool Config::listReporters() const {
    return m_data.listReporters;
  }
  bool Config::listListeners() const {
    return m_data.listListeners;
  }

  std::vector<std::string> const &Config::getTestsOrTags() const {
    return m_data.testsOrTags;
  }
  std::vector<PathFilter> const &Config::getPathFilters() const {
    return m_data.pathFilters;
  }
  bool Config::useNewFilterBehaviour() const {
    return m_data.useNewPathFilteringBehaviour;
  }

  std::vector<ReporterSpec> const &Config::getReporterSpecs() const {
    return m_data.reporterSpecifications;
  }

  std::vector<ProcessedReporterSpec> const &
  Config::getProcessedReporterSpecs() const {
    return m_processedReporterSpecs;
  }

  TestSpec const &Config::testSpec() const {
    return m_testSpec;
  }
  bool Config::hasTestFilters() const {
    return m_hasTestFilters;
  }

  bool Config::showHelp() const {
    return m_data.showHelp;
  }

  std::string const &Config::getExitGuardFilePath() const {
    return m_data.prematureExitGuardFilePath;
  }

  // IConfig interface
  bool Config::allowThrows() const {
    return !m_data.noThrow;
  }
  StringRef Config::name() const {
    return m_data.name.empty() ? m_data.processName : m_data.name;
  }
  bool Config::includeSuccessfulResults() const {
    return m_data.showSuccessfulTests;
  }
  bool Config::warnAboutMissingAssertions() const {
    return !!(m_data.warnings & WarnAbout::NoAssertions);
  }
  bool Config::warnAboutUnmatchedTestSpecs() const {
    return !!(m_data.warnings & WarnAbout::UnmatchedTestSpec);
  }
  bool Config::warnAboutInfiniteGenerators() const {
    return !!(m_data.warnings & WarnAbout::InfiniteGenerator);
  }
  bool Config::zeroTestsCountAsSuccess() const {
    return m_data.allowZeroTests;
  }
  ShowDurations Config::showDurations() const {
    return m_data.showDurations;
  }
  double Config::minDuration() const {
    return m_data.minDuration;
  }
  TestRunOrder Config::runOrder() const {
    return m_data.runOrder;
  }
  uint32_t Config::rngSeed() const {
    return m_data.rngSeed;
  }
  unsigned int Config::shardCount() const {
    return m_data.shardCount;
  }
  unsigned int Config::shardIndex() const {
    return m_data.shardIndex;
  }
  ColourMode Config::defaultColourMode() const {
    return m_data.defaultColourMode;
  }
  bool Config::shouldDebugBreak() const {
    return m_data.shouldDebugBreak;
  }
  int Config::abortAfter() const {
    return m_data.abortAfter;
  }
  bool Config::showInvisibles() const {
    return m_data.showInvisibles;
  }
  Verbosity Config::verbosity() const {
    return m_data.verbosity;
  }

  bool Config::skipBenchmarks() const {
    return m_data.skipBenchmarks;
  }
  bool Config::benchmarkNoAnalysis() const {
    return m_data.benchmarkNoAnalysis;
  }
  unsigned int Config::benchmarkSamples() const {
    return m_data.benchmarkSamples;
  }
  double Config::benchmarkConfidenceInterval() const {
    return m_data.benchmarkConfidenceInterval;
  }
  unsigned int Config::benchmarkResamples() const {
    return m_data.benchmarkResamples;
  }
  std::chrono::milliseconds Config::benchmarkWarmupTime() const {
    return std::chrono::milliseconds(m_data.benchmarkWarmupTime);
  }

  void Config::readBazelEnvVars() {
    // Register a JUnit reporter for Bazel. Bazel sets an environment
    // variable with the path to XML output. If this file is written to
    // during test, Bazel will not generate a default XML output.
    // This allows the XML output file to contain higher level of detail
    // than what is possible otherwise.
    const auto bazelOutputFile = Detail::getEnv("XML_OUTPUT_FILE");

    if (bazelOutputFile) {
      m_data.reporterSpecifications.push_back(
          {"junit", std::string(bazelOutputFile), {}, {}});
    }

    const auto bazelTestSpec = Detail::getEnv("TESTBRIDGE_TEST_ONLY");
    if (bazelTestSpec) {
      // Presumably the test spec from environment should overwrite
      // the one we got from CLI (if we got any)
      m_data.testsOrTags.clear();
      m_data.testsOrTags.push_back(bazelTestSpec);
    }

    const auto bazelShardOptions = readBazelShardingOptions();
    if (bazelShardOptions) {
      std::ofstream f(bazelShardOptions->shardFilePath,
                      std::ios_base::out | std::ios_base::trunc);
      if (f.is_open()) {
        f << "";
        m_data.shardIndex = bazelShardOptions->shardIndex;
        m_data.shardCount = bazelShardOptions->shardCount;
      }
    }

    const auto bazelExitGuardFile = Detail::getEnv("TEST_PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE");
    if (bazelExitGuardFile) {
      m_data.prematureExitGuardFilePath = bazelExitGuardFile;
    }

    const auto bazelRandomSeed = Detail::getEnv("TEST_RANDOM_SEED");
    if (bazelRandomSeed) {
      auto parsedSeed = parseUInt(bazelRandomSeed, 0);
      if (!parsedSeed) {
        // Currently we handle issues with parsing other Bazel Env
        // options by warning and ignoring the issue. So we do the
        // same for random seed option.
        Catch::cerr()
            << "Warning: could not parse 'TEST_RANDOM_SEED' ('"
            << bazelRandomSeed << "') as proper seed.\n";
      } else {
        m_data.rngSeed = *parsedSeed;
      }
    }
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  std::uint32_t getSeed() {
    return getCurrentContext().getConfig()->rngSeed();
  }
} // namespace Catch

#include <cassert>
#include <stack>

namespace Catch {

  ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  ScopedMessage::ScopedMessage(MessageBuilder &&builder)
      : m_messageId(builder.m_info.sequence) {
    MessageInfo info(CATCH_MOVE(builder.m_info));
    info.message = builder.m_stream.str();
    IResultCapture::pushScopedMessage(CATCH_MOVE(info));
  }

  ScopedMessage::ScopedMessage(ScopedMessage &&old) noexcept
      : m_messageId(old.m_messageId) {
    old.m_moved = true;
  }

  ScopedMessage::~ScopedMessage() {
    if (!m_moved) { IResultCapture::popScopedMessage(m_messageId); }
  }

  Capturer::Capturer(StringRef macroName,
                     SourceLineInfo const &lineInfo,
                     ResultWas::OfType resultType,
                     StringRef names,
                     bool isScoped)
      : m_isScoped(isScoped) {
    auto trimmed = [&](size_t start, size_t end) {
      while (names[start] == ',' || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(names[start]))) {
        ++start;
      }
      while (names[end] == ',' || isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(names[end]))) {
        --end;
      }
      return names.substr(start, end - start + 1);
    };
    auto skipq = [&](size_t start, char quote) {
      for (auto i = start + 1; i < names.size(); ++i) {
        if (names[i] == quote)
          return i;
        if (names[i] == '\\')
          ++i;
      }
      CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("CAPTURE parsing encountered unmatched quote");
    };

    size_t start = 0;
    std::stack<char> openings;
    for (size_t pos = 0; pos < names.size(); ++pos) {
      char c = names[pos];
      switch (c) {
        case '[':
        case '{':
        case '(':
          // It is basically impossible to disambiguate between
          // comparison and start of template args in this context
          //            case '<':
          openings.push(c);
          break;
        case ']':
        case '}':
        case ')':
          //           case '>':
          openings.pop();
          break;
        case '"':
        case '\'':
          pos = skipq(pos, c);
          break;
        case ',':
          if (start != pos && openings.empty()) {
            m_messages.emplace_back(macroName, lineInfo, resultType);
            m_messages.back().message += trimmed(start, pos);
            m_messages.back().message += " := "_sr;
            start = pos;
          }
          break;
        default:; // noop
      }
    }
    assert(openings.empty() && "Mismatched openings");
    m_messages.emplace_back(macroName, lineInfo, resultType);
    m_messages.back().message += trimmed(start, names.size() - 1);
    m_messages.back().message += " := "_sr;
  }
  Capturer::~Capturer() {
    assert(m_captured == m_messages.size());
    if (m_isScoped) {
      for (auto const &message : m_messages) {
        IResultCapture::popScopedMessage(message.sequence);
      }
    }
  }

  void Capturer::captureValue(size_t index, std::string const &value) {
    assert(index < m_messages.size());
    m_messages[index].message += value;
    if (m_isScoped) {
      IResultCapture::pushScopedMessage(CATCH_MOVE(m_messages[index]));
    } else {
      IResultCapture::addUnscopedMessage(CATCH_MOVE(m_messages[index]));
    }
    m_captured++;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <exception>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {

    class RegistryHub : public IRegistryHub,
                        public IMutableRegistryHub,
                        private Detail::NonCopyable {
    public: // IRegistryHub
      RegistryHub() = default;
      ReporterRegistry const &getReporterRegistry() const override {
        return m_reporterRegistry;
      }
      ITestCaseRegistry const &getTestCaseRegistry() const override {
        return m_testCaseRegistry;
      }
      IExceptionTranslatorRegistry const &getExceptionTranslatorRegistry() const override {
        return m_exceptionTranslatorRegistry;
      }
      ITagAliasRegistry const &getTagAliasRegistry() const override {
        return m_tagAliasRegistry;
      }
      StartupExceptionRegistry const &getStartupExceptionRegistry() const override {
        return m_exceptionRegistry;
      }

    public: // IMutableRegistryHub
      void registerReporter(std::string const &name, IReporterFactoryPtr factory) override {
        m_reporterRegistry.registerReporter(name, CATCH_MOVE(factory));
      }
      void registerListener(Detail::unique_ptr<EventListenerFactory> factory) override {
        m_reporterRegistry.registerListener(CATCH_MOVE(factory));
      }
      void registerTest(Detail::unique_ptr<TestCaseInfo> &&testInfo, Detail::unique_ptr<ITestInvoker> &&invoker) override {
        m_testCaseRegistry.registerTest(CATCH_MOVE(testInfo), CATCH_MOVE(invoker));
      }
      void registerTranslator(Detail::unique_ptr<IExceptionTranslator> &&translator) override {
        m_exceptionTranslatorRegistry.registerTranslator(CATCH_MOVE(translator));
      }
      void registerTagAlias(std::string const &alias, std::string const &tag, SourceLineInfo const &lineInfo) override {
        m_tagAliasRegistry.add(alias, tag, lineInfo);
      }
      void registerStartupException() noexcept override {
#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
        m_exceptionRegistry.add(std::current_exception());
#else
        CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Attempted to register active exception under CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS!");
#endif
      }
      IMutableEnumValuesRegistry &getMutableEnumValuesRegistry() override {
        return m_enumValuesRegistry;
      }

    private:
      TestRegistry m_testCaseRegistry;
      ReporterRegistry m_reporterRegistry;
      ExceptionTranslatorRegistry m_exceptionTranslatorRegistry;
      TagAliasRegistry m_tagAliasRegistry;
      StartupExceptionRegistry m_exceptionRegistry;
      Detail::EnumValuesRegistry m_enumValuesRegistry;
    };
  } // namespace

  using RegistryHubSingleton = Singleton<RegistryHub, IRegistryHub, IMutableRegistryHub>;

  IRegistryHub const &getRegistryHub() {
    return RegistryHubSingleton::get();
  }
  IMutableRegistryHub &getMutableRegistryHub() {
    return RegistryHubSingleton::getMutable();
  }
  void cleanUp() {
    cleanupSingletons();
  }
  std::string translateActiveException() {
    return getRegistryHub().getExceptionTranslatorRegistry().translateActiveException();
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <cassert>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <exception>
#include <iomanip>
#include <set>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    IEventListenerPtr createReporter(std::string const &reporterName, ReporterConfig &&config) {
      auto reporter = Catch::getRegistryHub().getReporterRegistry().create(reporterName, CATCH_MOVE(config));
      CATCH_ENFORCE(reporter, "No reporter registered with name: '" << reporterName << '\'');

      return reporter;
    }

    IEventListenerPtr prepareReporters(Config const *config) {
      if (Catch::getRegistryHub().getReporterRegistry().getListeners().empty()
          && config->getProcessedReporterSpecs().size() == 1) {
        auto const &spec = config->getProcessedReporterSpecs()[0];
        return createReporter(
            spec.name,
            ReporterConfig(config,
                           makeStream(spec.outputFilename),
                           spec.colourMode,
                           spec.customOptions));
      }

      auto multi = Detail::make_unique<MultiReporter>(config);

      auto const &listeners = Catch::getRegistryHub().getReporterRegistry().getListeners();
      for (auto const &listener : listeners) {
        multi->addListener(listener->create(config));
      }

      for (auto const &reporterSpec : config->getProcessedReporterSpecs()) {
        multi->addReporter(createReporter(
            reporterSpec.name,
            ReporterConfig(config,
                           makeStream(reporterSpec.outputFilename),
                           reporterSpec.colourMode,
                           reporterSpec.customOptions)));
      }

      return multi;
    }

    class TestGroup {
    public:
      explicit TestGroup(IEventListenerPtr &&reporter, Config const *config)
          : m_reporter(reporter.get()), m_config{config}, m_context{config, CATCH_MOVE(reporter)} {
        assert(m_config->testSpec().getInvalidSpecs().empty() && "Invalid test specs should be handled before running tests");

        auto const &allTestCases = getAllTestCasesSorted(*m_config);
        auto const &testSpec = m_config->testSpec();
        if (!testSpec.hasFilters()) {
          for (auto const &test : allTestCases) {
            if (!test.getTestCaseInfo().isHidden()) {
              m_tests.emplace(&test);
            }
          }
        } else {
          m_matches = testSpec.matchesByFilter(allTestCases, *m_config);
          for (auto const &match : m_matches) {
            m_tests.insert(match.tests.begin(),
                           match.tests.end());
          }
        }

        m_tests = createShard(m_tests, m_config->shardCount(), m_config->shardIndex());
      }

      Totals execute() {
        Totals totals;
        for (auto const &testCase : m_tests) {
          if (!m_context.aborting())
            totals += m_context.runTest(*testCase);
          else
            m_reporter->skipTest(testCase->getTestCaseInfo());
        }

        for (auto const &match : m_matches) {
          if (match.tests.empty()) {
            m_unmatchedTestSpecs = true;
            m_reporter->noMatchingTestCases(match.name);
          }
        }

        return totals;
      }

      bool hadUnmatchedTestSpecs() const {
        return m_unmatchedTestSpecs;
      }

    private:
      IEventListener *m_reporter;
      Config const *m_config;
      RunContext m_context;
      std::set<TestCaseHandle const *> m_tests;
      TestSpec::Matches m_matches;
      bool m_unmatchedTestSpecs = false;
    };

    void applyFilenamesAsTags() {
      for (auto const &testInfo : getRegistryHub().getTestCaseRegistry().getAllInfos()) {
        testInfo->addFilenameTag();
      }
    }

    // Creates empty file at path. The path must be writable, we do not
    // try to create directories in path because that's hard in C++14.
    void setUpGuardFile(std::string const &guardFilePath) {
      if (!guardFilePath.empty()) {
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
        std::FILE *file = nullptr;
        if (fopen_s(&file, guardFilePath.c_str(), "w")) {
          char msgBuffer[100];
          const auto err = errno;
          std::string errMsg;
          if (!strerror_s(msgBuffer, err)) {
            errMsg = msgBuffer;
          } else {
            errMsg = "Could not translate errno to a string";
          }

#else
        std::FILE *file = std::fopen(guardFilePath.c_str(), "w");
        if (!file) {
          const auto err = errno;
          const char *errMsg = std::strerror(err);
#endif

          CATCH_RUNTIME_ERROR("Could not open the exit guard file '"
                              << guardFilePath << "' because '"
                              << errMsg << "' (" << err << ')');
        }
        const int ret = std::fclose(file);
        CATCH_ENFORCE(
            ret == 0,
            "Error when closing the exit guard file: " << ret);
      }
    }

    // Removes file at path. Assuming we created it in setUpGuardFile.
    void tearDownGuardFile(std::string const &guardFilePath) {
      if (!guardFilePath.empty()) {
        const int ret = std::remove(guardFilePath.c_str());
        CATCH_ENFORCE(
            ret == 0,
            "Error when removing the exit guard file: " << ret);
      }
    }

  } // namespace

  Session::Session() {
    static bool alreadyInstantiated = false;
    if (alreadyInstantiated) {
      CATCH_TRY {
        CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Only one instance of Catch::Session can ever be used");
      }
      CATCH_CATCH_ALL {
        getMutableRegistryHub().registerStartupException();
      }
    }

    // There cannot be exceptions at startup in no-exception mode.
#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
    const auto &exceptions = getRegistryHub().getStartupExceptionRegistry().getExceptions();
    if (!exceptions.empty()) {
      config();
      getCurrentMutableContext().setConfig(m_config.get());

      m_startupExceptions = true;
      auto errStream = makeStream("%stderr");
      auto colourImpl = makeColourImpl(
          ColourMode::PlatformDefault, errStream.get());
      auto guard = colourImpl->guardColour(Colour::Red);
      errStream->stream() << "Errors occurred during startup!" << '\n';
      // iterate over all exceptions and notify user
      for (const auto &ex_ptr : exceptions) {
        try {
          std::rethrow_exception(ex_ptr);
        } catch (std::exception const &ex) {
          errStream->stream() << TextFlow::Column(ex.what()).indent(2) << '\n';
        }
      }
    }
#endif

    alreadyInstantiated = true;
    m_cli = makeCommandLineParser(m_configData);
  }
  Session::~Session() {
    Catch::cleanUp();
  }

  void Session::showHelp() const {
    Catch::cout()
        << "\nCatch2 v" << libraryVersion() << '\n'
        << m_cli << '\n'
        << "For more detailed usage please see the project docs\n\n"
        << std::flush;
  }
  void Session::libIdentify() {
    Catch::cout()
        << std::left << std::setw(16) << "description: " << "A Catch2 test executable\n"
        << std::left << std::setw(16) << "category: " << "testframework\n"
        << std::left << std::setw(16) << "framework: " << "Catch2\n"
        << std::left << std::setw(16) << "version: " << libraryVersion() << '\n'
        << std::flush;
  }

  int Session::applyCommandLine(int argc, char const *const *argv) {
    if (m_startupExceptions) { return UnspecifiedErrorExitCode; }

    auto result = m_cli.parse(Clara::Args(argc, argv));

    if (!result) {
      config();
      getCurrentMutableContext().setConfig(m_config.get());
      auto errStream = makeStream("%stderr");
      auto colour = makeColourImpl(ColourMode::PlatformDefault, errStream.get());

      errStream->stream()
          << colour->guardColour(Colour::Red)
          << "\nError(s) in input:\n"
          << TextFlow::Column(result.errorMessage()).indent(2)
          << "\n\n";
      errStream->stream() << "Run with -? for usage\n\n"
                          << std::flush;
      return UnspecifiedErrorExitCode;
    }

    if (m_configData.showHelp)
      showHelp();
    if (m_configData.libIdentify)
      libIdentify();

    m_config.reset();
    return 0;
  }

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_WCHAR) && defined(_WIN32) && defined(UNICODE)
  int Session::applyCommandLine(int argc, wchar_t const *const *argv) {
    char **utf8Argv = new char *[argc];

    for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
      int bufSize = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, argv[i], -1, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr);

      utf8Argv[i] = new char[bufSize];

      WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, argv[i], -1, utf8Argv[i], bufSize, nullptr, nullptr);
    }

    int returnCode = applyCommandLine(argc, utf8Argv);

    for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i)
      delete[] utf8Argv[i];

    delete[] utf8Argv;

    return returnCode;
  }
#endif

  void Session::useConfigData(ConfigData const &configData) {
    m_configData = configData;
    m_config.reset();
  }

  int Session::run() {
    if ((m_configData.waitForKeypress & WaitForKeypress::BeforeStart) != 0) {
      Catch::cout() << "...waiting for enter/ return before starting\n"
                    << std::flush;
      static_cast<void>(std::getchar());
    }
    int exitCode = runInternal();

    if ((m_configData.waitForKeypress & WaitForKeypress::BeforeExit) != 0) {
      Catch::cout() << "...waiting for enter/ return before exiting, with code: " << exitCode << '\n'
                    << std::flush;
      static_cast<void>(std::getchar());
    }
    return exitCode;
  }

  Clara::Parser const &Session::cli() const {
    return m_cli;
  }
  void Session::cli(Clara::Parser const &newParser) {
    m_cli = newParser;
  }
  ConfigData &Session::configData() {
    return m_configData;
  }
  Config &Session::config() {
    if (!m_config)
      m_config = Detail::make_unique<Config>(m_configData);
    return *m_config;
  }

  int Session::runInternal() {
    if (m_startupExceptions) { return UnspecifiedErrorExitCode; }

    if (m_configData.showHelp || m_configData.libIdentify) {
      return 0;
    }

    if (m_configData.shardIndex >= m_configData.shardCount) {
      Catch::cerr() << "The shard count (" << m_configData.shardCount
                    << ") must be greater than the shard index ("
                    << m_configData.shardIndex << ")\n"
                    << std::flush;
      return UnspecifiedErrorExitCode;
    }

    CATCH_TRY {
      config(); // Force config to be constructed

      // We need to retrieve potential Bazel config with the full Config
      // constructor, so we have to create the guard file after it is created.
      setUpGuardFile(m_config->getExitGuardFilePath());

      seedRng(*m_config);

      if (m_configData.filenamesAsTags) {
        applyFilenamesAsTags();
      }

      // Set up global config instance before we start calling into other functions
      getCurrentMutableContext().setConfig(m_config.get());

      // Create reporter(s) so we can route listings through them
      auto reporter = prepareReporters(m_config.get());

      auto const &invalidSpecs = m_config->testSpec().getInvalidSpecs();
      if (!invalidSpecs.empty()) {
        for (auto const &spec : invalidSpecs) {
          reporter->reportInvalidTestSpec(spec);
        }
        return InvalidTestSpecExitCode;
      }

      // Handle list request
      if (list(*reporter, *m_config)) {
        return 0;
      }

      TestGroup tests{CATCH_MOVE(reporter), m_config.get()};
      auto const totals = tests.execute();

      // If we got here, running the tests finished normally-enough.
      // They might've failed, but that would've been reported elsewhere.
      tearDownGuardFile(m_config->getExitGuardFilePath());

      if (tests.hadUnmatchedTestSpecs()
          && m_config->warnAboutUnmatchedTestSpecs()) {
        return UnmatchedTestSpecExitCode;
      }

      if (totals.testCases.total() == 0
          && !m_config->zeroTestsCountAsSuccess()) {
        return NoTestsRunExitCode;
      }

      if (totals.testCases.total() > 0 && totals.testCases.total() == totals.testCases.skipped
          && !m_config->zeroTestsCountAsSuccess()) {
        return AllTestsSkippedExitCode;
      }

      if (totals.assertions.failed) { return TestFailureExitCode; }
      return 0;
    }
#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
    catch (std::exception &ex) {
      Catch::cerr() << ex.what() << '\n'
                    << std::flush;
      return UnspecifiedErrorExitCode;
    }
#endif
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  RegistrarForTagAliases::RegistrarForTagAliases(char const *alias, char const *tag, SourceLineInfo const &lineInfo) {
    CATCH_TRY {
      getMutableRegistryHub().registerTagAlias(alias, tag, lineInfo);
    }
    CATCH_CATCH_ALL {
      // Do not throw when constructing global objects, instead register the exception to be processed later
      getMutableRegistryHub().registerStartupException();
    }
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cctype>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    using TCP_underlying_type = uint8_t;
    static_assert(sizeof(TestCaseProperties) == sizeof(TCP_underlying_type),
                  "The size of the TestCaseProperties is different from the assumed size");

    constexpr TestCaseProperties operator|(TestCaseProperties lhs, TestCaseProperties rhs) {
      return static_cast<TestCaseProperties>(
          static_cast<TCP_underlying_type>(lhs) | static_cast<TCP_underlying_type>(rhs));
    }

    constexpr TestCaseProperties &operator|=(TestCaseProperties &lhs, TestCaseProperties rhs) {
      lhs = static_cast<TestCaseProperties>(
          static_cast<TCP_underlying_type>(lhs) | static_cast<TCP_underlying_type>(rhs));
      return lhs;
    }

    constexpr TestCaseProperties operator&(TestCaseProperties lhs, TestCaseProperties rhs) {
      return static_cast<TestCaseProperties>(
          static_cast<TCP_underlying_type>(lhs) & static_cast<TCP_underlying_type>(rhs));
    }

    constexpr bool applies(TestCaseProperties tcp) {
      static_assert(static_cast<TCP_underlying_type>(TestCaseProperties::None) == 0,
                    "TestCaseProperties::None must be equal to 0");
      return tcp != TestCaseProperties::None;
    }

    TestCaseProperties parseSpecialTag(StringRef tag) {
      if (!tag.empty() && tag[0] == '.')
        return TestCaseProperties::IsHidden;
      else if (tag == "!throws"_sr)
        return TestCaseProperties::Throws;
      else if (tag == "!shouldfail"_sr)
        return TestCaseProperties::ShouldFail;
      else if (tag == "!mayfail"_sr)
        return TestCaseProperties::MayFail;
      else if (tag == "!nonportable"_sr)
        return TestCaseProperties::NonPortable;
      else if (tag == "!benchmark"_sr)
        return TestCaseProperties::Benchmark | TestCaseProperties::IsHidden;
      else
        return TestCaseProperties::None;
    }
    bool isReservedTag(StringRef tag) {
      return parseSpecialTag(tag) == TestCaseProperties::None
          && tag.size() > 0
          && !std::isalnum(static_cast<unsigned char>(tag[0]));
    }
    void enforceNotReservedTag(StringRef tag, SourceLineInfo const &_lineInfo) {
      CATCH_ENFORCE(!isReservedTag(tag),
                    "Tag name: [" << tag << "] is not allowed.\n"
                                  << "Tag names starting with non alphanumeric characters are reserved\n"
                                  << _lineInfo);
    }

    std::string makeDefaultName() {
      static size_t counter = 0;
      return "Anonymous test case " + std::to_string(++counter);
    }

    constexpr StringRef extractFilenamePart(StringRef filename) {
      size_t lastDot = filename.size();
      while (lastDot > 0 && filename[lastDot - 1] != '.') {
        --lastDot;
      }
      // In theory we could have filename without any extension in it
      if (lastDot == 0) { return StringRef(); }

      --lastDot;
      size_t nameStart = lastDot;
      while (nameStart > 0 && filename[nameStart - 1] != '/' && filename[nameStart - 1] != '\\') {
        --nameStart;
      }

      return filename.substr(nameStart, lastDot - nameStart);
    }

    // Returns the upper bound on size of extra tags ([#file]+[.])
    constexpr size_t sizeOfExtraTags(StringRef filepath) {
      // [.] is 3, [#] is another 3
      const size_t extras = 3 + 3;
      return extractFilenamePart(filepath).size() + extras;
    }
  } // end unnamed namespace

  bool operator<(Tag const &lhs, Tag const &rhs) {
    Detail::CaseInsensitiveLess cmp;
    return cmp(lhs.original, rhs.original);
  }
  bool operator==(Tag const &lhs, Tag const &rhs) {
    Detail::CaseInsensitiveEqualTo cmp;
    return cmp(lhs.original, rhs.original);
  }

  Detail::unique_ptr<TestCaseInfo>
  makeTestCaseInfo(StringRef _className,
                   NameAndTags const &nameAndTags,
                   SourceLineInfo const &_lineInfo) {
    return Detail::make_unique<TestCaseInfo>(_className, nameAndTags, _lineInfo);
  }

  TestCaseInfo::TestCaseInfo(StringRef _className,
                             NameAndTags const &_nameAndTags,
                             SourceLineInfo const &_lineInfo)
      : name(_nameAndTags.name.empty() ? makeDefaultName() : _nameAndTags.name), className(_className), lineInfo(_lineInfo) {
    StringRef originalTags = _nameAndTags.tags;
    // We need to reserve enough space to store all of the tags
    // (including optional hidden tag and filename tag)
    auto requiredSize = originalTags.size() + sizeOfExtraTags(_lineInfo.file);
    backingTags.reserve(requiredSize);

    // We cannot copy the tags directly, as we need to normalize
    // some tags, so that [.foo] is copied as [.][foo].
    size_t tagStart = 0;
    size_t tagEnd = 0;
    bool inTag = false;
    for (size_t idx = 0; idx < originalTags.size(); ++idx) {
      auto c = originalTags[idx];
      if (c == '[') {
        CATCH_ENFORCE(
            !inTag,
            "Found '[' inside a tag while registering test case '"
                << _nameAndTags.name << "' at " << _lineInfo);

        inTag = true;
        tagStart = idx;
      }
      if (c == ']') {
        CATCH_ENFORCE(
            inTag,
            "Found unmatched ']' while registering test case '"
                << _nameAndTags.name << "' at " << _lineInfo);

        inTag = false;
        tagEnd = idx;
        assert(tagStart < tagEnd);

        // We need to check the tag for special meanings, copy
        // it over to backing storage and actually reference the
        // backing storage in the saved tags
        StringRef tagStr = originalTags.substr(tagStart + 1, tagEnd - tagStart - 1);
        CATCH_ENFORCE(!tagStr.empty(),
                      "Found an empty tag while registering test case '"
                          << _nameAndTags.name << "' at "
                          << _lineInfo);

        enforceNotReservedTag(tagStr, lineInfo);
        properties |= parseSpecialTag(tagStr);
        // When copying a tag to the backing storage, we need to
        // check if it is a merged hide tag, such as [.foo], and
        // if it is, we need to handle it as if it was [foo].
        if (tagStr.size() > 1 && tagStr[0] == '.') {
          tagStr = tagStr.substr(1, tagStr.size() - 1);
        }
        // We skip over dealing with the [.] tag, as we will add
        // it later unconditionally and then sort and unique all
        // the tags.
        internalAppendTag(tagStr);
      }
    }
    CATCH_ENFORCE(!inTag,
                  "Found an unclosed tag while registering test case '"
                      << _nameAndTags.name << "' at " << _lineInfo);

    // Add [.] if relevant
    if (isHidden()) {
      internalAppendTag("."_sr);
    }

    // Sort and prepare tags
    std::sort(begin(tags), end(tags));
    tags.erase(std::unique(begin(tags), end(tags)),
               end(tags));
  }

  bool TestCaseInfo::isHidden() const {
    return applies(properties & TestCaseProperties::IsHidden);
  }
  bool TestCaseInfo::throws() const {
    return applies(properties & TestCaseProperties::Throws);
  }
  bool TestCaseInfo::okToFail() const {
    return applies(properties & (TestCaseProperties::ShouldFail | TestCaseProperties::MayFail));
  }
  bool TestCaseInfo::expectedToFail() const {
    return applies(properties & (TestCaseProperties::ShouldFail));
  }

  void TestCaseInfo::addFilenameTag() {
    std::string combined("#");
    combined += extractFilenamePart(lineInfo.file);
    internalAppendTag(combined);
  }

  std::string TestCaseInfo::tagsAsString() const {
    std::string ret;
    // '[' and ']' per tag
    std::size_t full_size = 2 * tags.size();
    for (const auto &tag : tags) {
      full_size += tag.original.size();
    }
    ret.reserve(full_size);
    for (const auto &tag : tags) {
      ret.push_back('[');
      ret += tag.original;
      ret.push_back(']');
    }

    return ret;
  }

  void TestCaseInfo::internalAppendTag(StringRef tagStr) {
    backingTags += '[';
    const auto backingStart = backingTags.size();
    backingTags += tagStr;
    const auto backingEnd = backingTags.size();
    backingTags += ']';
    tags.emplace_back(StringRef(backingTags.c_str() + backingStart, backingEnd - backingStart));
  }

  bool operator<(TestCaseInfo const &lhs, TestCaseInfo const &rhs) {
    // We want to avoid redoing the string comparisons multiple times,
    // so we store the result of a three-way comparison before using
    // it in the actual comparison logic.
    const auto cmpName = lhs.name.compare(rhs.name);
    if (cmpName != 0) {
      return cmpName < 0;
    }
    const auto cmpClassName = lhs.className.compare(rhs.className);
    if (cmpClassName != 0) {
      return cmpClassName < 0;
    }
    return lhs.tags < rhs.tags;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <ostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

namespace Catch {

  TestSpec::Pattern::Pattern(std::string const &name)
      : m_name(name) {}

  TestSpec::Pattern::~Pattern() = default;

  std::string const &TestSpec::Pattern::name() const {
    return m_name;
  }

  TestSpec::NamePattern::NamePattern(std::string const &name, std::string const &filterString)
      : Pattern(filterString)
      , m_wildcardPattern(toLower(name), CaseSensitive::No) {}

  bool TestSpec::NamePattern::matches(TestCaseInfo const &testCase) const {
    return m_wildcardPattern.matches(testCase.name);
  }

  void TestSpec::NamePattern::serializeTo(std::ostream &out) const {
    out << '"' << name() << '"';
  }

  TestSpec::TagPattern::TagPattern(std::string const &tag, std::string const &filterString)
      : Pattern(filterString)
      , m_tag(tag) {}

  bool TestSpec::TagPattern::matches(TestCaseInfo const &testCase) const {
    return std::find(begin(testCase.tags),
                     end(testCase.tags),
                     Tag(m_tag))
        != end(testCase.tags);
  }

  void TestSpec::TagPattern::serializeTo(std::ostream &out) const {
    out << name();
  }

  bool TestSpec::Filter::matches(TestCaseInfo const &testCase) const {
    bool should_use = !testCase.isHidden();
    for (auto const &pattern : m_required) {
      should_use = true;
      if (!pattern->matches(testCase)) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    for (auto const &pattern : m_forbidden) {
      if (pattern->matches(testCase)) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return should_use;
  }

  void TestSpec::Filter::serializeTo(std::ostream &out) const {
    bool first = true;
    for (auto const &pattern : m_required) {
      if (!first) {
        out << ' ';
      }
      out << *pattern;
      first = false;
    }
    for (auto const &pattern : m_forbidden) {
      if (!first) {
        out << ' ';
      }
      out << *pattern;
      first = false;
    }
  }

  std::string TestSpec::extractFilterName(Filter const &filter) {
    Catch::ReusableStringStream sstr;
    sstr << filter;
    return sstr.str();
  }

  bool TestSpec::hasFilters() const {
    return !m_filters.empty();
  }

  bool TestSpec::matches(TestCaseInfo const &testCase) const {
    return std::any_of(m_filters.begin(), m_filters.end(), [&](Filter const &f) { return f.matches(testCase); });
  }

  TestSpec::Matches TestSpec::matchesByFilter(std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &testCases, IConfig const &config) const {
    Matches matches;
    matches.reserve(m_filters.size());
    for (auto const &filter : m_filters) {
      std::vector<TestCaseHandle const *> currentMatches;
      for (auto const &test : testCases)
        if (isThrowSafe(test, config) && filter.matches(test.getTestCaseInfo()))
          currentMatches.emplace_back(&test);
      matches.push_back(
          FilterMatch{extractFilterName(filter), currentMatches});
    }
    return matches;
  }

  const TestSpec::vectorStrings &TestSpec::getInvalidSpecs() const {
    return m_invalidSpecs;
  }

  void TestSpec::serializeTo(std::ostream &out) const {
    bool first = true;
    for (auto const &filter : m_filters) {
      if (!first) {
        out << ',';
      }
      out << filter;
      first = false;
    }
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <chrono>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    static auto getCurrentNanosecondsSinceEpoch() -> uint64_t {
      return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
    }
  } // end unnamed namespace

  void Timer::start() {
    m_nanoseconds = getCurrentNanosecondsSinceEpoch();
  }
  auto Timer::getElapsedNanoseconds() const -> uint64_t {
    return getCurrentNanosecondsSinceEpoch() - m_nanoseconds;
  }
  auto Timer::getElapsedMicroseconds() const -> uint64_t {
    return getElapsedNanoseconds() / 1000;
  }
  auto Timer::getElapsedMilliseconds() const -> unsigned int {
    return static_cast<unsigned int>(getElapsedMicroseconds() / 1000);
  }
  auto Timer::getElapsedSeconds() const -> double {
    return static_cast<double>(getElapsedMicroseconds()) / 1000000.0;
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <iomanip>

namespace Catch {

  namespace Detail {

    namespace {
      const int hexThreshold = 255;

      struct Endianness {
        enum Arch : uint8_t {
          Big,
          Little
        };

        static Arch which() {
          int one = 1;
          // If the lowest byte we read is non-zero, we can assume
          // that little endian format is used.
          auto value = *reinterpret_cast<char *>(&one);
          return value ? Little : Big;
        }
      };

      template<typename T>
      std::string fpToString(T value, int precision) {
        if (Catch::isnan(value)) {
          return "nan";
        }

        ReusableStringStream rss;
        rss << std::setprecision(precision)
            << std::fixed
            << value;
        std::string d = rss.str();
        std::size_t i = d.find_last_not_of('0');
        if (i != std::string::npos && i != d.size() - 1) {
          if (d[i] == '.')
            i++;
          d = d.substr(0, i + 1);
        }
        return d;
      }
    } // end unnamed namespace

    std::size_t catch_strnlen(const char *str, std::size_t n) {
      auto ret = std::char_traits<char>::find(str, n, '\0');
      if (ret != nullptr) { return static_cast<std::size_t>(ret - str); }
      return n;
    }

    std::string formatTimeT(std::time_t time) {
#ifdef _MSC_VER
      std::tm timeInfo = {};
      const auto err = gmtime_s(&timeInfo, &time);
      if (err) {
        return "gmtime from provided timepoint has failed. This "
               "happens e.g. with pre-1970 dates using Microsoft libc";
      }
#else
      std::tm *timeInfo = std::gmtime(&time);
#endif

      auto const timeStampSize = sizeof("2017-01-16T17:06:45Z");
      char timeStamp[timeStampSize];
      const char *const fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ";

#ifdef _MSC_VER
      std::strftime(timeStamp, timeStampSize, fmt, &timeInfo);
#else
      std::strftime(timeStamp, timeStampSize, fmt, timeInfo);
#endif
      return std::string(timeStamp, timeStampSize - 1);
    }

    std::string convertIntoString(StringRef string, bool escapeInvisibles) {
      std::string ret;
      // This is enough for the "don't escape invisibles" case, and a good
      // lower bound on the "escape invisibles" case.
      ret.reserve(string.size() + 2);

      if (!escapeInvisibles) {
        ret += '"';
        ret += string;
        ret += '"';
        return ret;
      }

      size_t last_start = 0;
      auto write_to = [&](size_t idx) {
        if (last_start < idx) {
          ret += string.substr(last_start, idx - last_start);
        }
        last_start = idx + 1;
      };

      ret += '"';
      for (size_t i = 0; i < string.size(); ++i) {
        const char c = string[i];
        if (c == '\r' || c == '\n' || c == '\t' || c == '\f') {
          write_to(i);
          if (c == '\r') { ret.append("\\r"); }
          if (c == '\n') { ret.append("\\n"); }
          if (c == '\t') { ret.append("\\t"); }
          if (c == '\f') { ret.append("\\f"); }
        }
      }
      write_to(string.size());
      ret += '"';

      return ret;
    }

    std::string convertIntoString(StringRef string) {
      return convertIntoString(string, getCurrentContext().getConfig()->showInvisibles());
    }

    std::string rawMemoryToString(const void *object, std::size_t size) {
      // Reverse order for little endian architectures
      int i = 0, end = static_cast<int>(size), inc = 1;
      if (Endianness::which() == Endianness::Little) {
        i = end - 1;
        end = inc = -1;
      }

      unsigned char const *bytes = static_cast<unsigned char const *>(object);
      ReusableStringStream rss;
      rss << "0x" << std::setfill('0') << std::hex;
      for (; i != end; i += inc)
        rss << std::setw(2) << static_cast<unsigned>(bytes[i]);
      return rss.str();
    }

    std::string makeExceptionHappenedString() {
      return "{ stringification failed with an exception: \"" + translateActiveException() + "\" }";
    }

  } // namespace Detail

  //// ======================================================= ////
  //
  //   Out-of-line defs for full specialization of StringMaker
  //
  //// ======================================================= ////

  std::string StringMaker<std::string>::convert(const std::string &str) {
    return Detail::convertIntoString(str);
  }

#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_STRING_VIEW
  std::string StringMaker<std::string_view>::convert(std::string_view str) {
    return Detail::convertIntoString(StringRef(str.data(), str.size()));
  }
#endif

  std::string StringMaker<char const *>::convert(char const *str) {
    if (str) {
      return Detail::convertIntoString(str);
    } else {
      return {"{null string}"};
    }
  }
  std::string StringMaker<char *>::convert(char *str) { // NOLINT(readability-non-const-parameter)
    if (str) {
      return Detail::convertIntoString(str);
    } else {
      return {"{null string}"};
    }
  }

#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_WCHAR
  std::string StringMaker<std::wstring>::convert(const std::wstring &wstr) {
    std::string s;
    s.reserve(wstr.size());
    for (auto c : wstr) {
      s += (c <= 0xff) ? static_cast<char>(c) : '?';
    }
    return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(s);
  }

#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_STRING_VIEW
  std::string StringMaker<std::wstring_view>::convert(std::wstring_view str) {
    return StringMaker<std::wstring>::convert(std::wstring(str));
  }
#endif

  std::string StringMaker<wchar_t const *>::convert(wchar_t const *str) {
    if (str) {
      return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(std::wstring{str});
    } else {
      return {"{null string}"};
    }
  }
  std::string StringMaker<wchar_t *>::convert(wchar_t *str) {
    if (str) {
      return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(std::wstring{str});
    } else {
      return {"{null string}"};
    }
  }
#endif

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_BYTE)
#include <cstddef>
  std::string StringMaker<std::byte>::convert(std::byte value) {
    return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(std::to_integer<unsigned long long>(value));
  }
#endif // defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_BYTE)

  std::string StringMaker<int>::convert(int value) {
    return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(static_cast<long long>(value));
  }
  std::string StringMaker<long>::convert(long value) {
    return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(static_cast<long long>(value));
  }
  std::string StringMaker<long long>::convert(long long value) {
    ReusableStringStream rss;
    rss << value;
    if (value > Detail::hexThreshold) {
      rss << " (0x" << std::hex << value << ')';
    }
    return rss.str();
  }

  std::string StringMaker<unsigned int>::convert(unsigned int value) {
    return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(static_cast<unsigned long long>(value));
  }
  std::string StringMaker<unsigned long>::convert(unsigned long value) {
    return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(static_cast<unsigned long long>(value));
  }
  std::string StringMaker<unsigned long long>::convert(unsigned long long value) {
    ReusableStringStream rss;
    rss << value;
    if (value > Detail::hexThreshold) {
      rss << " (0x" << std::hex << value << ')';
    }
    return rss.str();
  }

  std::string StringMaker<signed char>::convert(signed char value) {
    if (value == '\r') {
      return "'\\r'";
    } else if (value == '\f') {
      return "'\\f'";
    } else if (value == '\n') {
      return "'\\n'";
    } else if (value == '\t') {
      return "'\\t'";
    } else if ('\0' <= value && value < ' ') {
      return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(static_cast<unsigned int>(value));
    } else {
      char chstr[] = "' '";
      chstr[1] = value;
      return chstr;
    }
  }
  std::string StringMaker<char>::convert(char c) {
    return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(static_cast<signed char>(c));
  }
  std::string StringMaker<unsigned char>::convert(unsigned char value) {
    return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(static_cast<char>(value));
  }

  int StringMaker<float>::precision = std::numeric_limits<float>::max_digits10;

  std::string StringMaker<float>::convert(float value) {
    return Detail::fpToString(value, precision) + 'f';
  }

  int StringMaker<double>::precision = std::numeric_limits<double>::max_digits10;

  std::string StringMaker<double>::convert(double value) {
    return Detail::fpToString(value, precision);
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  Counts Counts::operator-(Counts const &other) const {
    Counts diff;
    diff.passed = passed - other.passed;
    diff.failed = failed - other.failed;
    diff.failedButOk = failedButOk - other.failedButOk;
    diff.skipped = skipped - other.skipped;
    return diff;
  }

  Counts &Counts::operator+=(Counts const &other) {
    passed += other.passed;
    failed += other.failed;
    failedButOk += other.failedButOk;
    skipped += other.skipped;
    return *this;
  }

  std::uint64_t Counts::total() const {
    return passed + failed + failedButOk + skipped;
  }
  bool Counts::allPassed() const {
    return failed == 0 && failedButOk == 0 && skipped == 0;
  }
  bool Counts::allOk() const {
    return failed == 0;
  }

  Totals Totals::operator-(Totals const &other) const {
    Totals diff;
    diff.assertions = assertions - other.assertions;
    diff.testCases = testCases - other.testCases;
    return diff;
  }

  Totals &Totals::operator+=(Totals const &other) {
    assertions += other.assertions;
    testCases += other.testCases;
    return *this;
  }

  Totals Totals::delta(Totals const &prevTotals) const {
    Totals diff = *this - prevTotals;
    if (diff.assertions.failed > 0)
      ++diff.testCases.failed;
    else if (diff.assertions.failedButOk > 0)
      ++diff.testCases.failedButOk;
    else if (diff.assertions.skipped > 0)
      ++diff.testCases.skipped;
    else
      ++diff.testCases.passed;
    return diff;
  }

} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Detail {
    void registerTranslatorImpl(
        Detail::unique_ptr<IExceptionTranslator> &&translator) {
      getMutableRegistryHub().registerTranslator(
          CATCH_MOVE(translator));
    }
  } // namespace Detail
} // namespace Catch

#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {

  Version::Version(unsigned int _majorVersion,
                   unsigned int _minorVersion,
                   unsigned int _patchNumber,
                   char const *const _branchName,
                   unsigned int _buildNumber)
      : majorVersion(_majorVersion), minorVersion(_minorVersion), patchNumber(_patchNumber), branchName(_branchName), buildNumber(_buildNumber) {}

  std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, Version const &version) {
    os << version.majorVersion << '.'
       << version.minorVersion << '.'
       << version.patchNumber;
    // branchName is never null -> 0th char is \0 if it is empty
    if (version.branchName[0]) {
      os << '-' << version.branchName
         << '.' << version.buildNumber;
    }
    return os;
  }

  Version const &libraryVersion() {
    static Version version(3, 14, 0, "", 0);
    return version;
  }

} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  const char *GeneratorException::what() const noexcept {
    return m_msg;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  IGeneratorTracker::~IGeneratorTracker() = default;

  namespace Generators {

    GeneratorUntypedBase::~GeneratorUntypedBase() = default;

    IGeneratorTracker *acquireGeneratorTracker(StringRef generatorName, SourceLineInfo const &lineInfo) {
      return getResultCapture().acquireGeneratorTracker(generatorName, lineInfo);
    }

    IGeneratorTracker *createGeneratorTracker(StringRef generatorName,
                                              SourceLineInfo lineInfo,
                                              GeneratorBasePtr &&generator) {
      return getResultCapture().createGeneratorTracker(
          generatorName, lineInfo, CATCH_MOVE(generator));
    }

  } // namespace Generators
} // namespace Catch

#include <random>

namespace Catch {
  namespace Generators {
    namespace Detail {
      std::uint32_t getSeed() {
        return sharedRng()();
      }
    } // namespace Detail

    struct RandomFloatingGenerator<long double>::PImpl {
      PImpl(long double a, long double b, uint32_t seed)
          : rng(seed), dist(a, b) {}

      Catch::SimplePcg32 rng;
      std::uniform_real_distribution<long double> dist;
    };

    RandomFloatingGenerator<long double>::RandomFloatingGenerator(
        long double a, long double b, std::uint32_t seed)
        : m_pimpl(Catch::Detail::make_unique<PImpl>(a, b, seed)) {
      static_cast<void>(next());
    }

    RandomFloatingGenerator<long double>::~RandomFloatingGenerator() = default;
    bool RandomFloatingGenerator<long double>::next() {
      m_current_number = m_pimpl->dist(m_pimpl->rng);
      return true;
    }

    bool RandomFloatingGenerator<long double>::isFinite() const {
      return false;
    }

  } // namespace Generators
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Generators {
    namespace Detail {

      [[noreturn]]
      void throw_generator_exception(char const *msg) {
        Catch::throw_exception(GeneratorException{msg});
      }

    } // namespace Detail
  } // namespace Generators
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Detail {
    void missingCaptureInstance() {
      CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("No result capture instance");
    }
  } // namespace Detail

  IResultCapture::~IResultCapture() = default;
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  IConfig::~IConfig() = default;
}

namespace Catch {
  IExceptionTranslator::~IExceptionTranslator() = default;
  IExceptionTranslatorRegistry::~IExceptionTranslatorRegistry() = default;
} // namespace Catch

#include <string>

namespace Catch {
  namespace Generators {

    bool GeneratorUntypedBase::countedNext() {
      auto ret = next();
      if (ret) {
        m_stringReprCache.clear();
        ++m_currentElementIndex;
      }
      return ret;
    }

    void GeneratorUntypedBase::skipToNthElementImpl(std::size_t n) {
      for (size_t i = m_currentElementIndex; i < n; ++i) {
        bool isValid = next();
        if (!isValid) {
          Detail::throw_generator_exception(
              "Coud not jump to Nth element: not enough elements");
        }
      }
    }

    void GeneratorUntypedBase::skipToNthElement(std::size_t n) {
      if (n < m_currentElementIndex) {
        Detail::throw_generator_exception(
            "Tried to jump generator backwards");
      }
      if (n == m_currentElementIndex) { return; }

      skipToNthElementImpl(n);
      // Fixup tracking after moving the generator forward
      //  * Ensure that the correct element index is set after skipping
      //  * Invalidate cache
      m_currentElementIndex = n;
      m_stringReprCache.clear();
    }

    StringRef GeneratorUntypedBase::currentElementAsString() const {
      if (m_stringReprCache.empty()) {
        m_stringReprCache = stringifyImpl();
      }
      return m_stringReprCache;
    }

    bool GeneratorUntypedBase::isFinite() const {
      return true;
    }

  } // namespace Generators
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  IRegistryHub::~IRegistryHub() = default;
  IMutableRegistryHub::~IMutableRegistryHub() = default;
} // namespace Catch

#include <cassert>

namespace Catch {

  ReporterConfig::ReporterConfig(
      IConfig const *_fullConfig,
      Detail::unique_ptr<IStream> _stream,
      ColourMode colourMode,
      std::map<std::string, std::string> customOptions)
      : m_stream(CATCH_MOVE(_stream)), m_fullConfig(_fullConfig), m_colourMode(colourMode), m_customOptions(CATCH_MOVE(customOptions)) {}

  Detail::unique_ptr<IStream> ReporterConfig::takeStream() && {
    assert(m_stream);
    return CATCH_MOVE(m_stream);
  }
  IConfig const *ReporterConfig::fullConfig() const {
    return m_fullConfig;
  }
  ColourMode ReporterConfig::colourMode() const {
    return m_colourMode;
  }

  std::map<std::string, std::string> const &
  ReporterConfig::customOptions() const {
    return m_customOptions;
  }

  ReporterConfig::~ReporterConfig() = default;

  AssertionStats::AssertionStats(AssertionResult const &_assertionResult,
                                 std::vector<MessageInfo> const &_infoMessages,
                                 Totals const &_totals)
      : assertionResult(_assertionResult), infoMessages(_infoMessages), totals(_totals) {
    if (assertionResult.hasMessage()) {
      // Copy message into messages list.
      // !TBD This should have been done earlier, somewhere
      MessageBuilder builder(assertionResult.getTestMacroName(), assertionResult.getSourceInfo(), assertionResult.getResultType());
      builder.m_info.message = static_cast<std::string>(assertionResult.getMessage());

      infoMessages.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(builder.m_info));
    }
  }

  SectionStats::SectionStats(SectionInfo &&_sectionInfo,
                             Counts const &_assertions,
                             double _durationInSeconds,
                             bool _missingAssertions)
      : sectionInfo(CATCH_MOVE(_sectionInfo)), assertions(_assertions), durationInSeconds(_durationInSeconds), missingAssertions(_missingAssertions) {}

  TestCaseStats::TestCaseStats(TestCaseInfo const &_testInfo,
                               Totals const &_totals,
                               std::string &&_stdOut,
                               std::string &&_stdErr,
                               bool _aborting)
      : testInfo(&_testInfo), totals(_totals), stdOut(CATCH_MOVE(_stdOut)), stdErr(CATCH_MOVE(_stdErr)), aborting(_aborting) {}

  TestRunStats::TestRunStats(TestRunInfo const &_runInfo,
                             Totals const &_totals,
                             bool _aborting)
      : runInfo(_runInfo), totals(_totals), aborting(_aborting) {}

  IEventListener::~IEventListener() = default;

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  IReporterFactory::~IReporterFactory() = default;
  EventListenerFactory::~EventListenerFactory() = default;
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  ITestCaseRegistry::~ITestCaseRegistry() = default;
}

namespace Catch {

  AssertionHandler::AssertionHandler(StringRef macroName,
                                     SourceLineInfo const &lineInfo,
                                     StringRef capturedExpression,
                                     ResultDisposition::Flags resultDisposition)
      : m_assertionInfo{macroName, lineInfo, capturedExpression, resultDisposition}, m_resultCapture(getResultCapture()) {
    m_resultCapture.notifyAssertionStarted(m_assertionInfo);
  }

  void AssertionHandler::handleExpr(ITransientExpression const &expr) {
    m_resultCapture.handleExpr(m_assertionInfo, expr, m_reaction);
  }
  void AssertionHandler::handleMessage(ResultWas::OfType resultType, std::string &&message) {
    m_resultCapture.handleMessage(m_assertionInfo, resultType, CATCH_MOVE(message), m_reaction);
  }

  auto AssertionHandler::allowThrows() const -> bool {
    return getCurrentContext().getConfig()->allowThrows();
  }

  void AssertionHandler::complete() {
    m_completed = true;
    if (m_reaction.shouldDebugBreak) {
      // If you find your debugger stopping you here then go one level up on the
      // call-stack for the code that caused it (typically a failed assertion)

      // (To go back to the test and change execution, jump over the throw, next)
      CATCH_BREAK_INTO_DEBUGGER();
    }
    if (m_reaction.shouldThrow) {
      throw_test_failure_exception();
    }
    if (m_reaction.shouldSkip) {
      throw_test_skip_exception();
    }
  }

  void AssertionHandler::handleUnexpectedInflightException() {
    m_resultCapture.handleUnexpectedInflightException(m_assertionInfo, Catch::translateActiveException(), m_reaction);
  }

  void AssertionHandler::handleExceptionThrownAsExpected() {
    m_resultCapture.handleNonExpr(m_assertionInfo, ResultWas::Ok, m_reaction);
  }
  void AssertionHandler::handleExceptionNotThrownAsExpected() {
    m_resultCapture.handleNonExpr(m_assertionInfo, ResultWas::Ok, m_reaction);
  }

  void AssertionHandler::handleUnexpectedExceptionNotThrown() {
    m_resultCapture.handleUnexpectedExceptionNotThrown(m_assertionInfo, m_reaction);
  }

  void AssertionHandler::handleThrowingCallSkipped() {
    m_resultCapture.handleNonExpr(m_assertionInfo, ResultWas::Ok, m_reaction);
  }

  // This is the overload that takes a string and infers the Equals matcher from it
  // The more general overload, that takes any string matcher, is in catch_capture_matchers.cpp
  void handleExceptionMatchExpr(AssertionHandler &handler, std::string const &str) {
    handleExceptionMatchExpr(handler, Matchers::Equals(str));
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>

namespace Catch {
  namespace Detail {

    bool CaseInsensitiveLess::operator()(StringRef lhs,
                                         StringRef rhs) const {
      return std::lexicographical_compare(
          lhs.begin(), lhs.end(),
          rhs.begin(), rhs.end(),
          [](char l, char r) { return toLower(l) < toLower(r); });
    }

    bool
    CaseInsensitiveEqualTo::operator()(StringRef lhs,
                                       StringRef rhs) const {
      return std::equal(
          lhs.begin(), lhs.end(),
          rhs.begin(), rhs.end(),
          [](char l, char r) { return toLower(l) == toLower(r); });
    }

  } // namespace Detail
} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <ostream>

namespace {
  bool isOptPrefix(char c) {
    return c == '-'
#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
        || c == '/'
#endif
        ;
  }

  Catch::StringRef normaliseOpt(Catch::StringRef optName) {
    if (optName[0] == '-'
#if defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS)
        || optName[0] == '/'
#endif
    ) {
      return optName.substr(1, optName.size());
    }

    return optName;
  }

  static size_t find_first_separator(Catch::StringRef sr) {
    auto is_separator = [](char c) {
      return c == ' ' || c == ':' || c == '=';
    };
    size_t pos = 0;
    while (pos < sr.size()) {
      if (is_separator(sr[pos])) { return pos; }
      ++pos;
    }

    return Catch::StringRef::npos;
  }

} // namespace

namespace Catch {
  namespace Clara {
    namespace Detail {

      void TokenStream::loadBuffer() {
        m_tokenBuffer.clear();

        // Skip any empty strings
        while (it != itEnd && it->empty()) {
          ++it;
        }

        if (it != itEnd) {
          StringRef next = *it;
          if (isOptPrefix(next[0])) {
            auto delimiterPos = find_first_separator(next);
            if (delimiterPos != StringRef::npos) {
              m_tokenBuffer.push_back(
                  {TokenType::Option,
                   next.substr(0, delimiterPos)});
              m_tokenBuffer.push_back(
                  {TokenType::Argument,
                   next.substr(delimiterPos + 1, next.size())});
            } else {
              if (next.size() > 1 && next[1] != '-' && next.size() > 2) {
                // Combined short args, e.g. "-ab" for "-a -b"
                for (size_t i = 1; i < next.size(); ++i) {
                  m_tokenBuffer.push_back(
                      {TokenType::Option,
                       next.substr(i, 1)});
                }
              } else {
                m_tokenBuffer.push_back(
                    {TokenType::Option, next});
              }
            }
          } else {
            m_tokenBuffer.push_back(
                {TokenType::Argument, next});
          }
        }
      }

      TokenStream::TokenStream(Args const &args)
          : TokenStream(args.m_args.begin(), args.m_args.end()) {}

      TokenStream::TokenStream(Iterator it_, Iterator itEnd_)
          : it(it_), itEnd(itEnd_) {
        loadBuffer();
      }

      TokenStream &TokenStream::operator++() {
        if (m_tokenBuffer.size() >= 2) {
          m_tokenBuffer.erase(m_tokenBuffer.begin());
        } else {
          if (it != itEnd)
            ++it;
          loadBuffer();
        }
        return *this;
      }

      ParserResult convertInto(std::string const &source,
                               std::string &target) {
        target = source;
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
      }

      ParserResult convertInto(std::string const &source,
                               bool &target) {
        std::string srcLC = toLower(source);

        if (srcLC == "y" || srcLC == "1" || srcLC == "true" || srcLC == "yes" || srcLC == "on") {
          target = true;
        } else if (srcLC == "n" || srcLC == "0" || srcLC == "false" || srcLC == "no" || srcLC == "off") {
          target = false;
        } else {
          return ParserResult::runtimeError(
              "Expected a boolean value but did not recognise: '" + source + '\'');
        }
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
      }

      size_t ParserBase::cardinality() const {
        return 1;
      }

      InternalParseResult ParserBase::parse(Args const &args) const {
        return parse(static_cast<std::string>(args.exeName()), TokenStream(args));
      }

      ParseState::ParseState(ParseResultType type,
                             TokenStream remainingTokens)
          : m_type(type), m_remainingTokens(CATCH_MOVE(remainingTokens)) {}

      ParserResult BoundFlagRef::setFlag(bool flag) {
        m_ref = flag;
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
      }

      ResultBase::~ResultBase() = default;

      bool BoundRef::isContainer() const {
        return false;
      }

      bool BoundRef::isFlag() const {
        return false;
      }

      bool BoundFlagRefBase::isFlag() const {
        return true;
      }

    } // namespace Detail

    Detail::InternalParseResult Arg::parse(std::string const &,
                                           Detail::TokenStream tokens) const {
      auto validationResult = validate();
      if (!validationResult)
        return Detail::InternalParseResult(validationResult);

      auto token = *tokens;
      if (token.type != Detail::TokenType::Argument)
        return Detail::InternalParseResult::ok(Detail::ParseState(
            ParseResultType::NoMatch, CATCH_MOVE(tokens)));

      assert(!m_ref->isFlag());
      auto valueRef = static_cast<Detail::BoundValueRefBase *>(m_ref.get());

      auto result = valueRef->setValue(static_cast<std::string>(token.token));
      if (!result)
        return Detail::InternalParseResult(result);
      else
        return Detail::InternalParseResult::ok(
            Detail::ParseState(ParseResultType::Matched,
                               CATCH_MOVE(++tokens)));
    }

    Opt::Opt(bool &ref)
        : ParserRefImpl(std::make_shared<Detail::BoundFlagRef>(ref)) {}

    Detail::HelpColumns Opt::getHelpColumns() const {
      ReusableStringStream oss;
      bool first = true;
      for (auto const &opt : m_optNames) {
        if (first)
          first = false;
        else
          oss << ", ";
        oss << opt;
      }
      if (!m_hint.empty())
        oss << " <" << m_hint << '>';
      return {oss.str(), m_description};
    }

    bool Opt::isMatch(StringRef optToken) const {
      auto normalisedToken = normaliseOpt(optToken);
      for (auto const &name : m_optNames) {
        if (normaliseOpt(name) == normalisedToken)
          return true;
      }
      return false;
    }

    Detail::InternalParseResult Opt::parse(std::string const &,
                                           Detail::TokenStream tokens) const {
      auto validationResult = validate();
      if (!validationResult)
        return Detail::InternalParseResult(validationResult);

      if (tokens && tokens->type == Detail::TokenType::Option) {
        auto const &token = *tokens;
        if (isMatch(token.token)) {
          if (m_ref->isFlag()) {
            auto flagRef = static_cast<Detail::BoundFlagRefBase *>(
                m_ref.get());
            auto result = flagRef->setFlag(true);
            if (!result)
              return Detail::InternalParseResult(result);
            if (result.value() == ParseResultType::ShortCircuitAll)
              return Detail::InternalParseResult::ok(Detail::ParseState(
                  result.value(), CATCH_MOVE(tokens)));
          } else {
            auto valueRef = static_cast<Detail::BoundValueRefBase *>(
                m_ref.get());
            ++tokens;
            if (!tokens)
              return Detail::InternalParseResult::runtimeError(
                  "Expected argument following " + token.token);
            auto const &argToken = *tokens;
            if (argToken.type != Detail::TokenType::Argument)
              return Detail::InternalParseResult::runtimeError(
                  "Expected argument following " + token.token);
            const auto result = valueRef->setValue(static_cast<std::string>(argToken.token));
            if (!result)
              return Detail::InternalParseResult(result);
            if (result.value() == ParseResultType::ShortCircuitAll)
              return Detail::InternalParseResult::ok(Detail::ParseState(
                  result.value(), CATCH_MOVE(tokens)));
          }
          return Detail::InternalParseResult::ok(Detail::ParseState(
              ParseResultType::Matched, CATCH_MOVE(++tokens)));
        }
      }
      return Detail::InternalParseResult::ok(
          Detail::ParseState(ParseResultType::NoMatch, CATCH_MOVE(tokens)));
    }

    Detail::Result Opt::validate() const {
      if (m_optNames.empty())
        return Detail::Result::logicError("No options supplied to Opt");
      for (auto const &name : m_optNames) {
        if (name.empty())
          return Detail::Result::logicError(
              "Option name cannot be empty");
#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
        if (name[0] != '-' && name[0] != '/')
          return Detail::Result::logicError(
              "Option name must begin with '-' or '/'");
#else
        if (name[0] != '-')
          return Detail::Result::logicError(
              "Option name must begin with '-'");
#endif
      }
      return ParserRefImpl::validate();
    }

    ExeName::ExeName()
        : m_name(std::make_shared<std::string>("<executable>")) {}

    ExeName::ExeName(std::string &ref)
        : ExeName() {
      m_ref = std::make_shared<Detail::BoundValueRef<std::string>>(ref);
    }

    Detail::InternalParseResult
    ExeName::parse(std::string const &,
                   Detail::TokenStream tokens) const {
      return Detail::InternalParseResult::ok(
          Detail::ParseState(ParseResultType::NoMatch, CATCH_MOVE(tokens)));
    }

    ParserResult ExeName::set(std::string const &newName) {
      auto lastSlash = newName.find_last_of("\\/");
      auto filename = (lastSlash == std::string::npos)
          ? newName
          : newName.substr(lastSlash + 1);

      *m_name = filename;
      if (m_ref)
        return m_ref->setValue(filename);
      else
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    }

    Parser &Parser::operator|=(Parser const &other) {
      m_options.insert(m_options.end(),
                       other.m_options.begin(),
                       other.m_options.end());
      m_args.insert(
          m_args.end(), other.m_args.begin(), other.m_args.end());
      return *this;
    }

    std::vector<Detail::HelpColumns> Parser::getHelpColumns() const {
      std::vector<Detail::HelpColumns> cols;
      cols.reserve(m_options.size());
      for (auto const &o : m_options) {
        cols.push_back(o.getHelpColumns());
      }
      return cols;
    }

    void Parser::writeToStream(std::ostream &os) const {
      if (!m_exeName.name().empty()) {
        os << "usage:\n"
           << "  " << m_exeName.name() << ' ';
        bool required = true, first = true;
        for (auto const &arg : m_args) {
          if (first)
            first = false;
          else
            os << ' ';
          if (arg.isOptional() && required) {
            os << '[';
            required = false;
          }
          os << '<' << arg.hint() << '>';
          if (arg.cardinality() == 0)
            os << " ... ";
        }
        if (!required)
          os << ']';
        if (!m_options.empty())
          os << " options";
        os << "\n\nwhere options are:\n";
      }

      auto rows = getHelpColumns();
      size_t consoleWidth = CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH;
      size_t optWidth = 0;
      for (auto const &cols : rows)
        optWidth = (std::max)(optWidth, cols.left.size() + 2);

      optWidth = (std::min)(optWidth, consoleWidth / 2);

      for (auto &cols : rows) {
        auto row = TextFlow::Column(CATCH_MOVE(cols.left))
                       .width(optWidth)
                       .indent(2)
            + TextFlow::Spacer(4) + TextFlow::Column(static_cast<std::string>(cols.descriptions)).width(consoleWidth - 7 - optWidth);
        os << row << '\n';
      }
    }

    Detail::Result Parser::validate() const {
      for (auto const &opt : m_options) {
        auto result = opt.validate();
        if (!result)
          return result;
      }
      for (auto const &arg : m_args) {
        auto result = arg.validate();
        if (!result)
          return result;
      }
      return Detail::Result::ok();
    }

    Detail::InternalParseResult
    Parser::parse(std::string const &exeName,
                  Detail::TokenStream tokens) const {
      struct ParserInfo {
        ParserBase const *parser = nullptr;
        size_t count = 0;
      };
      std::vector<ParserInfo> parseInfos;
      parseInfos.reserve(m_options.size() + m_args.size());
      for (auto const &opt : m_options) {
        parseInfos.push_back({&opt, 0});
      }
      for (auto const &arg : m_args) {
        parseInfos.push_back({&arg, 0});
      }

      m_exeName.set(exeName);

      auto result = Detail::InternalParseResult::ok(
          Detail::ParseState(ParseResultType::NoMatch, CATCH_MOVE(tokens)));
      while (result.value().remainingTokens()) {
        bool tokenParsed = false;

        for (auto &parseInfo : parseInfos) {
          if (parseInfo.parser->cardinality() == 0 || parseInfo.count < parseInfo.parser->cardinality()) {
            result = parseInfo.parser->parse(
                exeName, CATCH_MOVE(result).value().remainingTokens());
            if (!result)
              return result;
            if (result.value().type() != ParseResultType::NoMatch) {
              tokenParsed = true;
              ++parseInfo.count;
              break;
            }
          }
        }

        if (result.value().type() == ParseResultType::ShortCircuitAll)
          return result;
        if (!tokenParsed)
          return Detail::InternalParseResult::runtimeError(
              "Unrecognised token: " + result.value().remainingTokens()->token);
      }
      // !TBD Check missing required options
      return result;
    }

    Args::Args(int argc, char const *const *argv)
        : m_exeName(argv[0]), m_args(argv + 1, argv + argc) {}

    Args::Args(std::initializer_list<StringRef> args)
        : m_exeName(*args.begin()), m_args(args.begin() + 1, args.end()) {}

    Help::Help(bool &showHelpFlag)
        : Opt([&](bool flag) {
          showHelpFlag = flag;
          return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::ShortCircuitAll);
        }) {
      static_cast<Opt &>(*this)(
          "display usage information")["-?"]["-h"]["--help"]
          .optional();
    }

  } // namespace Clara
} // namespace Catch

#include <fstream>
#include <string>

namespace Catch {

  Clara::Parser makeCommandLineParser(ConfigData &config) {
    using namespace Clara;

    auto const setWarning = [&](std::string const &warning) {
      if (warning == "NoAssertions") {
        config.warnings = static_cast<WarnAbout::What>(config.warnings | WarnAbout::NoAssertions);
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
      } else if (warning == "UnmatchedTestSpec") {
        config.warnings = static_cast<WarnAbout::What>(config.warnings | WarnAbout::UnmatchedTestSpec);
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
      } else if (warning == "InfiniteGenerators") {
        config.warnings = static_cast<WarnAbout::What>(config.warnings | WarnAbout::InfiniteGenerator);
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
      }

      return ParserResult ::runtimeError(
          "Unrecognised warning option: '" + warning + '\'');
    };
    auto const loadTestNamesFromFile = [&](std::string const &filename) {
      std::ifstream f(filename.c_str());
      if (!f.is_open())
        return ParserResult::runtimeError("Unable to load input file: '" + filename + '\'');

      std::string line;
      while (std::getline(f, line)) {
        line = trim(line);
        if (!line.empty() && !startsWith(line, '#')) {
          if (!startsWith(line, '"'))
            line = '"' + CATCH_MOVE(line) + '"';
          config.testsOrTags.push_back(line);
          config.testsOrTags.emplace_back(",");
        }
      }
      // Remove comma in the end
      if (!config.testsOrTags.empty())
        config.testsOrTags.erase(config.testsOrTags.end() - 1);

      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setTestOrder = [&](std::string const &order) {
      if (startsWith("declared", order))
        config.runOrder = TestRunOrder::Declared;
      else if (startsWith("lexical", order))
        config.runOrder = TestRunOrder::LexicographicallySorted;
      else if (startsWith("random", order))
        config.runOrder = TestRunOrder::Randomized;
      else
        return ParserResult::runtimeError("Unrecognised ordering: '" + order + '\'');
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setRngSeed = [&](std::string const &seed) {
      if (seed == "time") {
        config.rngSeed = generateRandomSeed(GenerateFrom::Time);
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
      } else if (seed == "random-device") {
        config.rngSeed = generateRandomSeed(GenerateFrom::RandomDevice);
        return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
      }

      // TODO: ideally we should be parsing uint32_t directly
      //       fix this later when we add new parse overload
      auto parsedSeed = parseUInt(seed, 0);
      if (!parsedSeed) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError("Could not parse '" + seed + "' as seed");
      }
      config.rngSeed = *parsedSeed;
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setDefaultColourMode = [&](std::string const &colourMode) {
      Optional<ColourMode> maybeMode = Catch::Detail::stringToColourMode(toLower(colourMode));
      if (!maybeMode) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "colour mode must be one of: default, ansi, win32, "
            "or none. '"
            + colourMode + "' is not recognised");
      }
      auto mode = *maybeMode;
      if (!isColourImplAvailable(mode)) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "colour mode '" + colourMode + "' is not supported in this binary");
      }
      config.defaultColourMode = mode;
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setWaitForKeypress = [&](std::string const &keypress) {
      auto keypressLc = toLower(keypress);
      if (keypressLc == "never")
        config.waitForKeypress = WaitForKeypress::Never;
      else if (keypressLc == "start")
        config.waitForKeypress = WaitForKeypress::BeforeStart;
      else if (keypressLc == "exit")
        config.waitForKeypress = WaitForKeypress::BeforeExit;
      else if (keypressLc == "both")
        config.waitForKeypress = WaitForKeypress::BeforeStartAndExit;
      else
        return ParserResult::runtimeError("keypress argument must be one of: never, start, exit or both. '" + keypress + "' not recognised");
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setVerbosity = [&](std::string const &verbosity) {
      auto lcVerbosity = toLower(verbosity);
      if (lcVerbosity == "quiet")
        config.verbosity = Verbosity::Quiet;
      else if (lcVerbosity == "normal")
        config.verbosity = Verbosity::Normal;
      else if (lcVerbosity == "high")
        config.verbosity = Verbosity::High;
      else
        return ParserResult::runtimeError("Unrecognised verbosity, '" + verbosity + '\'');
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setReporter = [&](std::string const &userReporterSpec) {
      if (userReporterSpec.empty()) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError("Received empty reporter spec.");
      }

      Optional<ReporterSpec> parsed = parseReporterSpec(userReporterSpec);
      if (!parsed) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "Could not parse reporter spec '" + userReporterSpec + "'");
      }

      auto const &reporterSpec = *parsed;

      auto const &factories = getRegistryHub().getReporterRegistry().getFactories();
      auto result = factories.find(reporterSpec.name());

      if (result == factories.end()) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "Unrecognized reporter, '" + reporterSpec.name() + "'. Check available with --list-reporters");
      }

      const bool hadOutputFile = reporterSpec.outputFile().some();
      config.reporterSpecifications.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(*parsed));
      // It would be enough to check this only once at the very end, but
      // there is  not a place where we could call this check, so do it
      // every time it could fail. For valid inputs, this is still called
      // at most once.
      if (!hadOutputFile) {
        int n_reporters_without_file = 0;
        for (auto const &spec : config.reporterSpecifications) {
          if (spec.outputFile().none()) {
            n_reporters_without_file++;
          }
        }
        if (n_reporters_without_file > 1) {
          return ParserResult::runtimeError("Only one reporter may have unspecified output file.");
        }
      }

      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setShardCount = [&](std::string const &shardCount) {
      auto parsedCount = parseUInt(shardCount);
      if (!parsedCount) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "Could not parse '" + shardCount + "' as shard count");
      }
      if (*parsedCount == 0) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "Shard count must be positive");
      }
      config.shardCount = *parsedCount;
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setBenchmarkSamples = [&](std::string const &samples) {
      auto parsedSamples = parseUInt(samples);
      if (!parsedSamples) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "Could not parse '" + samples + "' as benchmark samples");
      }
      if (*parsedSamples == 0) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "Benchmark samples must be greater than 0");
      }
      config.benchmarkSamples = *parsedSamples;
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };

    auto const setShardIndex = [&](std::string const &shardIndex) {
      auto parsedIndex = parseUInt(shardIndex);
      if (!parsedIndex) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "Could not parse '" + shardIndex + "' as shard index");
      }
      config.shardIndex = *parsedIndex;
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };

    auto const setSectionFilter = [&](std::string const &sectionFilter) {
      config.pathFilters.emplace_back(PathFilter::For::Section, trim(sectionFilter));
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    auto const setGeneratorFilter = [&](std::string const &generatorFilter) {
      if (generatorFilter != "*") {
        // TODO: avoid re-parsing the index?
        auto parsedIndex = parseUInt(generatorFilter);
        if (!parsedIndex) {
          return ParserResult::runtimeError("Could not parse '" + generatorFilter + "' as generator index");
        }
      }
      config.useNewPathFilteringBehaviour = true;
      config.pathFilters.emplace_back(PathFilter::For::Generator, trim(generatorFilter));
      return ParserResult::ok(ParseResultType::Matched);
    };
    // Copy-capturing other `setFoo` functions enables calling them later,
    // as the config ref remains valid, but the local lambda vars won't.
    auto const setPathFilter = [=, &config](std::string const &pathFilter) {
      config.useNewPathFilteringBehaviour = true;
      if (pathFilter.size() < 3) {
        return ParserResult::runtimeError(
            "Path filter '" + pathFilter + "' is too short");
      }
      if (startsWith(pathFilter, "g:")) {
        return setGeneratorFilter(pathFilter.substr(2));
      }
      if (startsWith(pathFilter, "c:")) {
        return setSectionFilter(pathFilter.substr(2));
      }
      return ParserResult::runtimeError("Path filter '" + pathFilter + "' has unknown type prefix");
    };

    auto cli
        = ExeName(config.processName)
        | Help(config.showHelp)
        | Opt(config.showSuccessfulTests)
            ["-s"]["--success"]("include successful tests in output")
        | Opt(config.shouldDebugBreak)
            ["-b"]["--break"]("break into debugger on failure")
        | Opt(config.noThrow)
            ["-e"]["--nothrow"]("skip exception tests")
        | Opt(config.showInvisibles)
            ["-i"]["--invisibles"]("show invisibles (tabs, newlines)")
        | Opt(config.defaultOutputFilename, "filename")
            ["-o"]["--out"]("default output filename")
        | Opt(accept_many, setReporter, "name[::key=value]*")
            ["-r"]["--reporter"]("reporter to use (defaults to console)")
        | Opt(config.name, "name")
            ["-n"]["--name"]("suite name")
        | Opt([&](bool) { config.abortAfter = 1; })
            ["-a"]["--abort"]("abort at first failure")
        | Opt([&](int x) { config.abortAfter = x; }, "no. failures")
            ["-x"]["--abortx"]("abort after x failures")
        | Opt(accept_many, setWarning, "warning name")
            ["-w"]["--warn"]("enable warnings")
        | Opt([&](bool flag) { config.showDurations = flag ? ShowDurations::Always : ShowDurations::Never; }, "yes|no")
            ["-d"]["--durations"]("show test durations")
        | Opt(config.minDuration, "seconds")
            ["-D"]["--min-duration"]("show test durations for tests taking at least the given number of seconds")
        | Opt(loadTestNamesFromFile, "filename")
            ["-f"]["--input-file"]("load test names to run from a file")
        | Opt(config.filenamesAsTags)
            ["-#"]["--filenames-as-tags"]("adds a tag for the filename")
        | Opt(accept_many, setSectionFilter, "section name")
            ["-c"]["--section"]("specify section to run")
        | Opt(accept_many, setGeneratorFilter, "index spec")
            ["-g"]["--generator-index"]("specify generator elements to try")
        | Opt(accept_many, setPathFilter, "path filter spec")
            ["-p"]["--path-filter"]("qualified path filter")
        | Opt(setVerbosity, "quiet|normal|high")
            ["-v"]["--verbosity"]("set output verbosity")
        | Opt(config.listTests)
            ["--list-tests"]("list all/matching test cases")
        | Opt(config.listTags)
            ["--list-tags"]("list all/matching tags")
        | Opt(config.listReporters)
            ["--list-reporters"]("list all available reporters")
        | Opt(config.listListeners)
            ["--list-listeners"]("list all listeners")
        | Opt(setTestOrder, "decl|lex|rand")
            ["--order"]("test case order (defaults to rand)")
        | Opt(setRngSeed, "'time'|'random-device'|number")
            ["--rng-seed"]("set a specific seed for random numbers")
        | Opt(setDefaultColourMode, "ansi|win32|none|default")
            ["--colour-mode"]("what color mode should be used as default")
        | Opt(config.libIdentify)
            ["--libidentify"]("report name and version according to libidentify standard")
        | Opt(setWaitForKeypress, "never|start|exit|both")
            ["--wait-for-keypress"]("waits for a keypress before exiting")
        | Opt(config.skipBenchmarks)
            ["--skip-benchmarks"]("disable running benchmarks")
        | Opt(setBenchmarkSamples, "samples")
            ["--benchmark-samples"]("number of samples to collect (default: 100)")
        | Opt(config.benchmarkResamples, "resamples")
            ["--benchmark-resamples"]("number of resamples for the bootstrap (default: 100000)")
        | Opt(config.benchmarkConfidenceInterval, "confidence interval")
            ["--benchmark-confidence-interval"]("confidence interval for the bootstrap (between 0 and 1, default: 0.95)")
        | Opt(config.benchmarkNoAnalysis)
            ["--benchmark-no-analysis"]("perform only measurements; do not perform any analysis")
        | Opt(config.benchmarkWarmupTime, "benchmarkWarmupTime")
            ["--benchmark-warmup-time"]("amount of time in milliseconds spent on warming up each test (default: 100)")
        | Opt(setShardCount, "shard count")
            ["--shard-count"]("split the tests to execute into this many groups")
        | Opt(setShardIndex, "shard index")
            ["--shard-index"]("index of the group of tests to execute (see --shard-count)")
        | Opt(config.allowZeroTests)
            ["--allow-running-no-tests"]("Treat 'No tests run' as a success")
        | Opt(config.prematureExitGuardFilePath, "path")
            ["--premature-exit-guard-file"]("create a file before running tests and delete it during clean exit")
        | Arg(config.testsOrTags, "test name|pattern|tags")("which test or tests to use");

    return cli;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
#endif

#include <cassert>
#include <ostream>
#include <utility>

namespace Catch {

  ColourImpl::~ColourImpl() = default;

  ColourImpl::ColourGuard ColourImpl::guardColour(Colour::Code colourCode) {
    return ColourGuard(colourCode, this);
  }

  void ColourImpl::ColourGuard::engageImpl(std::ostream &stream) {
    assert(&stream == &m_colourImpl->m_stream->stream() && "Engaging colour guard for different stream than used by the "
                                                           "parent colour implementation");
    static_cast<void>(stream);

    m_engaged = true;
    m_colourImpl->use(m_code);
  }

  ColourImpl::ColourGuard::ColourGuard(Colour::Code code,
                                       ColourImpl const *colour)
      : m_colourImpl(colour), m_code(code) {
  }
  ColourImpl::ColourGuard::ColourGuard(ColourGuard &&rhs) noexcept
      : m_colourImpl(rhs.m_colourImpl), m_code(rhs.m_code), m_engaged(rhs.m_engaged) {
    rhs.m_engaged = false;
  }
  ColourImpl::ColourGuard &
  ColourImpl::ColourGuard::operator=(ColourGuard &&rhs) noexcept {
    using std::swap;
    swap(m_colourImpl, rhs.m_colourImpl);
    swap(m_code, rhs.m_code);
    swap(m_engaged, rhs.m_engaged);

    return *this;
  }
  ColourImpl::ColourGuard::~ColourGuard() {
    if (m_engaged) {
      m_colourImpl->use(Colour::None);
    }
  }

  ColourImpl::ColourGuard &
  ColourImpl::ColourGuard::engage(std::ostream &stream) & {
    engageImpl(stream);
    return *this;
  }

  ColourImpl::ColourGuard &&
  ColourImpl::ColourGuard::engage(std::ostream &stream) && {
    engageImpl(stream);
    return CATCH_MOVE(*this);
  }

  namespace {
    //! A do-nothing implementation of colour, used as fallback for unknown
    //! platforms, and when the user asks to deactivate all colours.
    class NoColourImpl final : public ColourImpl {
    public:
      NoColourImpl(IStream *stream)
          : ColourImpl(stream) {}

    private:
      void use(Colour::Code) const override {}
    };
  } // namespace

} // namespace Catch

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_WIN32) /////////////////////////////////////////

namespace Catch {
  namespace {

    class Win32ColourImpl final : public ColourImpl {
    public:
      Win32ColourImpl(IStream *stream)
          : ColourImpl(stream) {
        CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbiInfo;
        GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),
                                   &csbiInfo);
        originalForegroundAttributes = csbiInfo.wAttributes & ~(BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_BLUE | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
        originalBackgroundAttributes = csbiInfo.wAttributes & ~(FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
      }

      static bool useImplementationForStream(IStream const &stream) {
        // Win32 text colour APIs can only be used on console streams
        // We cannot check that the output hasn't been redirected,
        // so we just check that the original stream is console stream.
        return stream.isConsole();
      }

    private:
      void use(Colour::Code _colourCode) const override {
        switch (_colourCode) {
          case Colour::None: return setTextAttribute(originalForegroundAttributes);
          case Colour::White: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
          case Colour::Red: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_RED);
          case Colour::Green: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_GREEN);
          case Colour::Blue: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_BLUE);
          case Colour::Cyan: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_GREEN);
          case Colour::Yellow: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN);
          case Colour::Grey: return setTextAttribute(0);

          case Colour::LightGrey: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
          case Colour::BrightRed: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);
          case Colour::BrightGreen: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN);
          case Colour::BrightWhite: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
          case Colour::BrightYellow: return setTextAttribute(FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN);

          case Colour::Bright: CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("not a colour");

          default:
            CATCH_ERROR("Unknown colour requested");
        }
      }

      void setTextAttribute(WORD _textAttribute) const {
        SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),
                                _textAttribute | originalBackgroundAttributes);
      }
      WORD originalForegroundAttributes;
      WORD originalBackgroundAttributes;
    };

  } // namespace
} // end namespace Catch

#endif // Windows/ ANSI/ None

#if defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_LINUX)                                                \
    || defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_MAC)                                               \
    || defined(__GLIBC__)                                                        \
    || (defined(__FreeBSD__) /* PlayStation platform does not have `isatty()` */ \
        && !defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_PLAYSTATION))                                 \
    || defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_QNX)
#define CATCH_INTERNAL_HAS_ISATTY
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

namespace Catch {
  namespace {

    class ANSIColourImpl final : public ColourImpl {
    public:
      ANSIColourImpl(IStream *stream)
          : ColourImpl(stream) {}

      static bool useImplementationForStream(IStream const &stream) {
        // This is kinda messy due to trying to support a bunch of
        // different platforms at once.
        // The basic idea is that if we are asked to do autodetection (as
        // opposed to being told to use posixy colours outright), then we
        // only want to use the colours if we are writing to console.
        // However, console might be redirected, so we make an attempt at
        // checking for that on platforms where we know how to do that.
        bool useColour = stream.isConsole();
#if defined(CATCH_INTERNAL_HAS_ISATTY) && !(defined(__DJGPP__) && defined(__STRICT_ANSI__))
        ErrnoGuard _; // for isatty
        useColour = useColour && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);
#endif
#if defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_MAC) || defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_IPHONE)
        useColour = useColour && !isDebuggerActive();
#endif

        return useColour;
      }

    private:
      void use(Colour::Code _colourCode) const override {
        auto setColour = [&out = m_stream->stream()](char const *escapeCode) {
          // The escape sequence must be flushed to console, otherwise
          // if stdin and stderr are intermixed, we'd get accidentally
          // coloured output.
          out << '\033' << escapeCode << std::flush;
        };
        switch (_colourCode) {
          case Colour::None:
          case Colour::White: return setColour("[0m");
          case Colour::Red: return setColour("[0;31m");
          case Colour::Green: return setColour("[0;32m");
          case Colour::Blue: return setColour("[0;34m");
          case Colour::Cyan: return setColour("[0;36m");
          case Colour::Yellow: return setColour("[0;33m");
          case Colour::Grey: return setColour("[1;30m");

          case Colour::LightGrey: return setColour("[0;37m");
          case Colour::BrightRed: return setColour("[1;31m");
          case Colour::BrightGreen: return setColour("[1;32m");
          case Colour::BrightWhite: return setColour("[1;37m");
          case Colour::BrightYellow: return setColour("[1;33m");

          case Colour::Bright: CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("not a colour");
          default: CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Unknown colour requested");
        }
      }
    };

  } // namespace
} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  Detail::unique_ptr<ColourImpl> makeColourImpl(ColourMode colourSelection,
                                                IStream *stream) {
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_WIN32)
    if (colourSelection == ColourMode::Win32) {
      return Detail::make_unique<Win32ColourImpl>(stream);
    }
#endif
    if (colourSelection == ColourMode::ANSI) {
      return Detail::make_unique<ANSIColourImpl>(stream);
    }
    if (colourSelection == ColourMode::None) {
      return Detail::make_unique<NoColourImpl>(stream);
    }

    if (colourSelection == ColourMode::PlatformDefault) {
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_WIN32)
      if (Win32ColourImpl::useImplementationForStream(*stream)) {
        return Detail::make_unique<Win32ColourImpl>(stream);
      }
#endif
      if (ANSIColourImpl::useImplementationForStream(*stream)) {
        return Detail::make_unique<ANSIColourImpl>(stream);
      }
      return Detail::make_unique<NoColourImpl>(stream);
    }

    CATCH_ERROR("Could not create colour impl for selection " << static_cast<int>(colourSelection));
  }

  bool isColourImplAvailable(ColourMode colourSelection) {
    switch (colourSelection) {
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_COLOUR_WIN32)
      case ColourMode::Win32:
#endif
      case ColourMode::ANSI:
      case ColourMode::None:
      case ColourMode::PlatformDefault:
        return true;
      default:
        return false;
    }
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
#endif

namespace Catch {

  Context Context::currentContext;

  Context &getCurrentMutableContext() {
    return Context::currentContext;
  }

  SimplePcg32 &sharedRng() {
    static SimplePcg32 s_rng;
    return s_rng;
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <ostream>

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_ANDROID_LOGWRITE)
#include <android/log.h>

namespace Catch {
  void writeToDebugConsole(std::string const &text) {
    __android_log_write(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, "Catch", text.c_str());
  }
} // namespace Catch

#elif defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS)

namespace Catch {
  void writeToDebugConsole(std::string const &text) {
    ::OutputDebugStringA(text.c_str());
  }
} // namespace Catch

#else

namespace Catch {
  void writeToDebugConsole(std::string const &text) {
    // !TBD: Need a version for Mac/ XCode and other IDEs
    Catch::cout() << text;
  }
}

#endif // Platform

#if defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_MAC) || defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_IPHONE)

#include <cassert>
#include <cstddef>
#include <ostream>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#ifdef __apple_build_version__
// These headers will only compile with AppleClang (XCode)
// For other compilers (Clang, GCC, ... ) we need to exclude them
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#endif

namespace Catch {
#ifdef __apple_build_version__
  // The following function is taken directly from the following technical note:
  // https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/qa/qa1361/_index.html

  // Returns true if the current process is being debugged (either
  // running under the debugger or has a debugger attached post facto).
  bool isDebuggerActive() {
    int mib[4];
    struct kinfo_proc info;
    std::size_t size;

    // Initialize the flags so that, if sysctl fails for some bizarre
    // reason, we get a predictable result.

    info.kp_proc.p_flag = 0;

    // Initialize mib, which tells sysctl the info we want, in this case
    // we're looking for information about a specific process ID.

    mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
    mib[1] = KERN_PROC;
    mib[2] = KERN_PROC_PID;
    mib[3] = getpid();

    // Call sysctl.

    size = sizeof(info);
    if (sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib) / sizeof(*mib), &info, &size, nullptr, 0) != 0) {
      Catch::cerr() << "\n** Call to sysctl failed - unable to determine if debugger is active **\n\n"
                    << std::flush;
      return false;
    }

    // We're being debugged if the P_TRACED flag is set.

    return ((info.kp_proc.p_flag & P_TRACED) != 0);
  }
#else
  bool isDebuggerActive() {
    // We need to find another way to determine this for non-appleclang compilers on macOS
    return false;
  }
#endif
} // namespace Catch

#elif defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_LINUX) || defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_QNX)
#include <fstream>
#include <string>

namespace Catch {
  // The standard POSIX way of detecting a debugger is to attempt to
  // ptrace() the process, but this needs to be done from a child and not
  // this process itself to still allow attaching to this process later
  // if wanted, so is rather heavy. Under Linux we have the PID of the
  // "debugger" (which doesn't need to be gdb, of course, it could also
  // be strace, for example) in /proc/$PID/status, so just get it from
  // there instead.
  bool isDebuggerActive() {
    // Libstdc++ has a bug, where std::ifstream sets errno to 0
    // This way our users can properly assert over errno values
    ErrnoGuard guard;
    std::ifstream in("/proc/self/status");
    for (std::string line; std::getline(in, line);) {
      static const int PREFIX_LEN = 11;
      if (line.compare(0, PREFIX_LEN, "TracerPid:\t") == 0) {
        // We're traced if the PID is not 0 and no other PID starts
        // with 0 digit, so it's enough to check for just a single
        // character.
        return line.length() > PREFIX_LEN && line[PREFIX_LEN] != '0';
      }
    }

    return false;
  }
} // namespace Catch
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall IsDebuggerPresent();
namespace Catch {
  bool isDebuggerActive() {
    return IsDebuggerPresent() != 0;
  }
}
#elif defined(__MINGW32__)
extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall IsDebuggerPresent();
namespace Catch {
  bool isDebuggerActive() {
    return IsDebuggerPresent() != 0;
  }
}
#else
namespace Catch {
  bool isDebuggerActive() {
    return false;
  }
}
#endif // Platform

namespace Catch {

  void ITransientExpression::streamReconstructedExpression(
      std::ostream &os) const {
    // We can't make this function pure virtual to keep ITransientExpression
    // constexpr, so we write error message instead
    os << "Some class derived from ITransientExpression without overriding streamReconstructedExpression";
  }

  void formatReconstructedExpression(std::ostream &os, std::string const &lhs, StringRef op, std::string const &rhs) {
    if (lhs.size() + rhs.size() < 40 && lhs.find('\n') == std::string::npos && rhs.find('\n') == std::string::npos)
      os << lhs << ' ' << op << ' ' << rhs;
    else
      os << lhs << '\n'
         << op << '\n'
         << rhs;
  }
} // namespace Catch

#include <stdexcept>

namespace Catch {
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS) && !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS_CUSTOM_HANDLER)
  [[noreturn]]
  void throw_exception(std::exception const &e) {
    Catch::cerr() << "Catch will terminate because it needed to throw an exception.\n"
                  << "The message was: " << e.what() << '\n';
    std::terminate();
  }
#endif

  [[noreturn]]
  void throw_logic_error(std::string const &msg) {
    throw_exception(std::logic_error(msg));
  }

  [[noreturn]]
  void throw_domain_error(std::string const &msg) {
    throw_exception(std::domain_error(msg));
  }

  [[noreturn]]
  void throw_runtime_error(std::string const &msg) {
    throw_exception(std::runtime_error(msg));
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <cassert>

namespace Catch {

  IMutableEnumValuesRegistry::~IMutableEnumValuesRegistry() = default;

  namespace Detail {

    namespace {
      // Extracts the actual name part of an enum instance
      // In other words, it returns the Blue part of Bikeshed::Colour::Blue
      StringRef extractInstanceName(StringRef enumInstance) {
        // Find last occurrence of ":"
        size_t name_start = enumInstance.size();
        while (name_start > 0 && enumInstance[name_start - 1] != ':') {
          --name_start;
        }
        return enumInstance.substr(name_start, enumInstance.size() - name_start);
      }
    } // namespace

    std::vector<StringRef> parseEnums(StringRef enums) {
      auto enumValues = splitStringRef(enums, ',');
      std::vector<StringRef> parsed;
      parsed.reserve(enumValues.size());
      for (auto const &enumValue : enumValues) {
        parsed.push_back(trim(extractInstanceName(enumValue)));
      }
      return parsed;
    }

    EnumInfo::~EnumInfo() = default;

    StringRef EnumInfo::lookup(int value) const {
      for (auto const &valueToName : m_values) {
        if (valueToName.first == value)
          return valueToName.second;
      }
      return "{** unexpected enum value **}"_sr;
    }

    Catch::Detail::unique_ptr<EnumInfo> makeEnumInfo(StringRef enumName, StringRef allValueNames, std::vector<int> const &values) {
      auto enumInfo = Catch::Detail::make_unique<EnumInfo>();
      enumInfo->m_name = enumName;
      enumInfo->m_values.reserve(values.size());

      const auto valueNames = Catch::Detail::parseEnums(allValueNames);
      assert(valueNames.size() == values.size());
      std::size_t i = 0;
      for (auto value : values)
        enumInfo->m_values.emplace_back(value, valueNames[i++]);

      return enumInfo;
    }

    EnumInfo const &EnumValuesRegistry::registerEnum(StringRef enumName, StringRef allValueNames, std::vector<int> const &values) {
      m_enumInfos.push_back(makeEnumInfo(enumName, allValueNames, values));
      return *m_enumInfos.back();
    }

  } // namespace Detail
} // namespace Catch

#include <cerrno>

namespace Catch {
  ErrnoGuard::ErrnoGuard()
      : m_oldErrno(errno) {}
  ErrnoGuard::~ErrnoGuard() {
    errno = m_oldErrno;
  }
} // namespace Catch

#include <exception>

namespace Catch {

#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
  namespace {
    static std::string tryTranslators(
        std::vector<
            Detail::unique_ptr<IExceptionTranslator const>> const &translators) {
      if (translators.empty()) {
        std::rethrow_exception(std::current_exception());
      } else {
        return translators[0]->translate(translators.begin() + 1,
                                         translators.end());
      }
    }

  } // namespace
#endif //! defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)

  ExceptionTranslatorRegistry::~ExceptionTranslatorRegistry() = default;

  void ExceptionTranslatorRegistry::registerTranslator(Detail::unique_ptr<IExceptionTranslator> &&translator) {
    m_translators.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(translator));
  }

#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
  std::string ExceptionTranslatorRegistry::translateActiveException() const {
    // Compiling a mixed mode project with MSVC means that CLR
    // exceptions will be caught in (...) as well. However, these do
    // do not fill-in std::current_exception and thus lead to crash
    // when attempting rethrow.
    // /EHa switch also causes structured exceptions to be caught
    // here, but they fill-in current_exception properly, so
    // at worst the output should be a little weird, instead of
    // causing a crash.
    if (std::current_exception() == nullptr) {
      return "Non C++ exception. Possibly a CLR exception.";
    }

    // First we try user-registered translators. If none of them can
    // handle the exception, it will be rethrown handled by our defaults.
    try {
      return tryTranslators(m_translators);
    }
    // To avoid having to handle TFE explicitly everywhere, we just
    // rethrow it so that it goes back up the caller.
    catch (TestFailureException &) {
      return "{ nested assertion failed }";
    } catch (TestSkipException &) {
      return "{ nested SKIP() called }";
    } catch (std::exception const &ex) {
      return ex.what();
    } catch (std::string const &msg) {
      return msg;
    } catch (const char *msg) {
      return msg;
    } catch (...) {
      return "Unknown exception";
    }
  }

#else // ^^ Exceptions are enabled // Exceptions are disabled vv
  std::string ExceptionTranslatorRegistry::translateActiveException() const {
    CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Attempted to translate active exception under CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS!");
  }
#endif

} // namespace Catch

/** \file
 * This file provides platform specific implementations of FatalConditionHandler
 *
 * This means that there is a lot of conditional compilation, and platform
 * specific code. Currently, Catch2 supports a dummy handler (if no
 * handler is desired), and 2 platform specific handlers:
 *  * Windows' SEH
 *  * POSIX signals
 *
 * Consequently, various pieces of code below are compiled if either of
 * the platform specific handlers is enabled, or if none of them are
 * enabled. It is assumed that both cannot be enabled at the same time,
 * and doing so should cause a compilation error.
 *
 * If another platform specific handler is added, the compile guards
 * below will need to be updated taking these assumptions into account.
 */

#include <algorithm>

#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH) && !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS)

namespace Catch {

  // If neither SEH nor signal handling is required, the handler impls
  // do not have to do anything, and can be empty.
  void FatalConditionHandler::engage_platform() {}
  void FatalConditionHandler::disengage_platform() noexcept {}
  FatalConditionHandler::FatalConditionHandler() = default;
  FatalConditionHandler::~FatalConditionHandler() = default;

} // end namespace Catch

#endif // !CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH && !CATCH_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH) && defined(CATCH_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS)
#error "Inconsistent configuration: Windows' SEH handling and POSIX signals cannot be enabled at the same time"
#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH && CATCH_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH) || defined(CATCH_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS)

namespace {
  //! Signals fatal error message to the run context
  void reportFatal(char const *const message) {
    Catch::getCurrentContext().getResultCapture()->handleFatalErrorCondition(message);
  }

  //! Minimal size Catch2 needs for its own fatal error handling.
  //! Picked empirically, so it might not be sufficient on all
  //! platforms, and for all configurations.
  constexpr std::size_t minStackSizeForErrors = 32 * 1024;
} // end unnamed namespace

#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH || CATCH_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH)

namespace Catch {

  struct SignalDefs {
    DWORD id;
    const char *name;
  };

  // There is no 1-1 mapping between signals and windows exceptions.
  // Windows can easily distinguish between SO and SigSegV,
  // but SigInt, SigTerm, etc are handled differently.
  static constexpr SignalDefs signalDefs[] = {
      {EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION, "SIGILL - Illegal instruction signal"},
      {EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW, "SIGSEGV - Stack overflow"},
      {EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION, "SIGSEGV - Segmentation violation signal"},
      {EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO, "Divide by zero error"},
  };

  // Since we do not support multiple instantiations, we put these
  // into global variables and rely on cleaning them up in outlined
  // constructors/destructors
  static LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER previousTopLevelExceptionFilter = nullptr;

  static LONG CALLBACK topLevelExceptionFilter(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS ExceptionInfo) {
    for (auto const &def : signalDefs) {
      if (ExceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == def.id) {
        reportFatal(def.name);
      }
    }
    // If a filter was previously registered, invoke it
    if (previousTopLevelExceptionFilter) {
      return previousTopLevelExceptionFilter(ExceptionInfo);
    }
    // Otherwise, pass along all exceptions.
    // This stops us from eating debugger breaks etc.
    return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
  }

  // For MSVC, we reserve part of the stack memory for handling
  // memory overflow structured exception.
  FatalConditionHandler::FatalConditionHandler() {
    ULONG guaranteeSize = static_cast<ULONG>(minStackSizeForErrors);
    if (!SetThreadStackGuarantee(&guaranteeSize)) {
      // We do not want to fully error out, because needing
      // the stack reserve should be rare enough anyway.
      Catch::cerr()
          << "Failed to reserve piece of stack."
          << " Stack overflows will not be reported successfully.";
    }
  }

  // We do not attempt to unset the stack guarantee, because
  // Windows does not support lowering the stack size guarantee.
  FatalConditionHandler::~FatalConditionHandler() = default;

  void FatalConditionHandler::engage_platform() {
    // Register as a the top level exception filter.
    previousTopLevelExceptionFilter = SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(topLevelExceptionFilter);
  }

  void FatalConditionHandler::disengage_platform() noexcept {
    if (SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(previousTopLevelExceptionFilter) != topLevelExceptionFilter) {
      Catch::cerr()
          << "Unexpected SEH unhandled exception filter on disengage."
          << " The filter was restored, but might be rolled back unexpectedly.";
    }
    previousTopLevelExceptionFilter = nullptr;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_SEH

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS)

#include <signal.h>

namespace Catch {

  struct SignalDefs {
    int id;
    const char *name;
  };

  static constexpr SignalDefs signalDefs[] = {
      {SIGINT, "SIGINT - Terminal interrupt signal"},
      {SIGILL, "SIGILL - Illegal instruction signal"},
      {SIGFPE, "SIGFPE - Floating point error signal"},
      {SIGSEGV, "SIGSEGV - Segmentation violation signal"},
      {SIGTERM, "SIGTERM - Termination request signal"},
      {SIGABRT, "SIGABRT - Abort (abnormal termination) signal"}};

// Older GCCs trigger -Wmissing-field-initializers for T foo = {}
// which is zero initialization, but not explicit. We want to avoid
// that.
#if defined(__GNUC__)
#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-field-initializers"
#endif

  static char *altStackMem = nullptr;
  static std::size_t altStackSize = 0;
  static stack_t oldSigStack{};
  static struct sigaction oldSigActions[sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs)]{};

  static void restorePreviousSignalHandlers() noexcept {
    // We set signal handlers back to the previous ones. Hopefully
    // nobody overwrote them in the meantime, and doesn't expect
    // their signal handlers to live past ours given that they
    // installed them after ours..
    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i) {
      sigaction(signalDefs[i].id, &oldSigActions[i], nullptr);
    }
    // Return the old stack
    sigaltstack(&oldSigStack, nullptr);
  }

  static void handleSignal(int sig) {
    char const *name = "<unknown signal>";
    for (auto const &def : signalDefs) {
      if (sig == def.id) {
        name = def.name;
        break;
      }
    }
    // We need to restore previous signal handlers and let them do
    // their thing, so that the users can have the debugger break
    // when a signal is raised, and so on.
    restorePreviousSignalHandlers();
    reportFatal(name);
    raise(sig);
  }

  FatalConditionHandler::FatalConditionHandler() {
    assert(!altStackMem && "Cannot initialize POSIX signal handler when one already exists");
    if (altStackSize == 0) {
      altStackSize = std::max(static_cast<size_t>(SIGSTKSZ), minStackSizeForErrors);
    }
    altStackMem = new char[altStackSize]();
  }

  FatalConditionHandler::~FatalConditionHandler() {
    delete[] altStackMem;
    // We signal that another instance can be constructed by zeroing
    // out the pointer.
    altStackMem = nullptr;
  }

  void FatalConditionHandler::engage_platform() {
    stack_t sigStack;
    sigStack.ss_sp = altStackMem;
    sigStack.ss_size = altStackSize;
    sigStack.ss_flags = 0;
    sigaltstack(&sigStack, &oldSigStack);
    struct sigaction sa = {};

    sa.sa_handler = handleSignal;
    sa.sa_flags = SA_ONSTACK;
    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(signalDefs) / sizeof(SignalDefs); ++i) {
      sigaction(signalDefs[i].id, &sa, &oldSigActions[i]);
    }
  }

#if defined(__GNUC__)
#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
#endif

  void FatalConditionHandler::disengage_platform() noexcept {
    restorePreviousSignalHandlers();
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_POSIX_SIGNALS

#include <cstring>

namespace Catch {
  namespace Detail {

    uint32_t convertToBits(float f) {
      static_assert(sizeof(float) == sizeof(uint32_t), "Important ULP matcher assumption violated");
      uint32_t i;
      std::memcpy(&i, &f, sizeof(f));
      return i;
    }

    uint64_t convertToBits(double d) {
      static_assert(sizeof(double) == sizeof(uint64_t), "Important ULP matcher assumption violated");
      uint64_t i;
      std::memcpy(&i, &d, sizeof(d));
      return i;
    }

#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
#endif
    bool directCompare(float lhs, float rhs) {
      return lhs == rhs;
    }
    bool directCompare(double lhs, double rhs) {
      return lhs == rhs;
    }
#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
#endif

  } // end namespace Detail
} // end namespace Catch

#include <cstdlib>

namespace Catch {
  namespace Detail {

#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_GETENV)
    char const *getEnv(char const *) {
      return nullptr;
    }
#else

    char const *getEnv(char const *varName) {
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4996) // use getenv_s instead of getenv
#endif

      return std::getenv(varName);

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif
    }
#endif
  } // namespace Detail
} // namespace Catch

#include <cstdio>
#include <fstream>

namespace Catch {

  Catch::IStream::~IStream() = default;

  namespace Detail {
    namespace {
      template<typename WriterF, std::size_t bufferSize = 256>
      class StreamBufImpl final : public std::streambuf {
        char data[bufferSize];
        WriterF m_writer;

      public:
        StreamBufImpl() {
          setp(data, data + sizeof(data));
        }

        ~StreamBufImpl() noexcept override {
          StreamBufImpl::sync();
        }

      private:
        int overflow(int c) override {
          sync();

          if (c != EOF) {
            if (pbase() == epptr())
              m_writer(std::string(1, static_cast<char>(c)));
            else
              sputc(static_cast<char>(c));
          }
          return 0;
        }

        int sync() override {
          if (pbase() != pptr()) {
            m_writer(std::string(pbase(), static_cast<std::string::size_type>(pptr() - pbase())));
            setp(pbase(), epptr());
          }
          return 0;
        }
      };

      ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

      struct OutputDebugWriter {
        void operator()(std::string const &str) {
          if (!str.empty()) {
            writeToDebugConsole(str);
          }
        }
      };

      ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

      class FileStream final : public IStream {
        std::ofstream m_ofs;

      public:
        FileStream(std::string const &filename) {
          m_ofs.open(filename.c_str());
          CATCH_ENFORCE(!m_ofs.fail(), "Unable to open file: '" << filename << '\'');
          m_ofs << std::unitbuf;
        }

      public: // IStream
        std::ostream &stream() override {
          return m_ofs;
        }
      };

      ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

      class CoutStream final : public IStream {
        std::ostream m_os;

      public:
        // Store the streambuf from cout up-front because
        // cout may get redirected when running tests
        CoutStream()
            : m_os(Catch::cout().rdbuf()) {}

      public: // IStream
        std::ostream &stream() override { return m_os; }
        bool isConsole() const override { return true; }
      };

      class CerrStream : public IStream {
        std::ostream m_os;

      public:
        // Store the streambuf from cerr up-front because
        // cout may get redirected when running tests
        CerrStream()
            : m_os(Catch::cerr().rdbuf()) {}

      public: // IStream
        std::ostream &stream() override { return m_os; }
        bool isConsole() const override { return true; }
      };

      ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

      class DebugOutStream final : public IStream {
        Detail::unique_ptr<StreamBufImpl<OutputDebugWriter>> m_streamBuf;
        std::ostream m_os;

      public:
        DebugOutStream()
            : m_streamBuf(Detail::make_unique<StreamBufImpl<OutputDebugWriter>>()), m_os(m_streamBuf.get()) {}

      public: // IStream
        std::ostream &stream() override { return m_os; }
      };

    } // unnamed namespace
  } // namespace Detail

  ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

  auto makeStream(std::string const &filename) -> Detail::unique_ptr<IStream> {
    if (filename.empty() || filename == "-") {
      return Detail::make_unique<Detail::CoutStream>();
    }
    if (filename[0] == '%') {
      if (filename == "%debug") {
        return Detail::make_unique<Detail::DebugOutStream>();
      } else if (filename == "%stderr") {
        return Detail::make_unique<Detail::CerrStream>();
      } else if (filename == "%stdout") {
        return Detail::make_unique<Detail::CoutStream>();
      } else {
        CATCH_ERROR("Unrecognised stream: '" << filename << '\'');
      }
    }
    return Detail::make_unique<Detail::FileStream>(filename);
  }

} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    static bool needsEscape(char c) {
      return c == '"' || c == '\\' || c == '\b' || c == '\f' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t';
    }

    static Catch::StringRef makeEscapeStringRef(char c) {
      if (c == '"') {
        return "\\\""_sr;
      } else if (c == '\\') {
        return "\\\\"_sr;
      } else if (c == '\b') {
        return "\\b"_sr;
      } else if (c == '\f') {
        return "\\f"_sr;
      } else if (c == '\n') {
        return "\\n"_sr;
      } else if (c == '\r') {
        return "\\r"_sr;
      } else if (c == '\t') {
        return "\\t"_sr;
      }
      Catch::Detail::Unreachable();
    }
  } // namespace

  void JsonUtils::indent(std::ostream &os, std::uint64_t level) {
    for (std::uint64_t i = 0; i < level; ++i) {
      os << "  ";
    }
  }
  void JsonUtils::appendCommaNewline(std::ostream &os,
                                     bool &should_comma,
                                     std::uint64_t level) {
    if (should_comma) { os << ','; }
    should_comma = true;
    os << '\n';
    indent(os, level);
  }

  JsonObjectWriter::JsonObjectWriter(std::ostream &os)
      : JsonObjectWriter{os, 0} {}

  JsonObjectWriter::JsonObjectWriter(std::ostream &os,
                                     std::uint64_t indent_level)
      : m_os{os}, m_indent_level{indent_level} {
    m_os << '{';
  }
  JsonObjectWriter::JsonObjectWriter(JsonObjectWriter &&source) noexcept
      : m_os{source.m_os}, m_indent_level{source.m_indent_level}, m_should_comma{source.m_should_comma}, m_active{source.m_active} {
    source.m_active = false;
  }

  JsonObjectWriter::~JsonObjectWriter() {
    if (!m_active) { return; }

    m_os << '\n';
    JsonUtils::indent(m_os, m_indent_level);
    m_os << '}';
  }

  JsonValueWriter JsonObjectWriter::write(StringRef key) {
    JsonUtils::appendCommaNewline(
        m_os, m_should_comma, m_indent_level + 1);

    m_os << '"' << key << "\": ";
    return JsonValueWriter{m_os, m_indent_level + 1};
  }

  JsonArrayWriter::JsonArrayWriter(std::ostream &os)
      : JsonArrayWriter{os, 0} {}
  JsonArrayWriter::JsonArrayWriter(std::ostream &os,
                                   std::uint64_t indent_level)
      : m_os{os}, m_indent_level{indent_level} {
    m_os << '[';
  }
  JsonArrayWriter::JsonArrayWriter(JsonArrayWriter &&source) noexcept
      : m_os{source.m_os}, m_indent_level{source.m_indent_level}, m_should_comma{source.m_should_comma}, m_active{source.m_active} {
    source.m_active = false;
  }
  JsonArrayWriter::~JsonArrayWriter() {
    if (!m_active) { return; }

    m_os << '\n';
    JsonUtils::indent(m_os, m_indent_level);
    m_os << ']';
  }

  JsonObjectWriter JsonArrayWriter::writeObject() {
    JsonUtils::appendCommaNewline(
        m_os, m_should_comma, m_indent_level + 1);
    return JsonObjectWriter{m_os, m_indent_level + 1};
  }

  JsonArrayWriter JsonArrayWriter::writeArray() {
    JsonUtils::appendCommaNewline(
        m_os, m_should_comma, m_indent_level + 1);
    return JsonArrayWriter{m_os, m_indent_level + 1};
  }

  JsonArrayWriter &JsonArrayWriter::write(bool value) {
    return writeImpl(value);
  }

  JsonValueWriter::JsonValueWriter(std::ostream &os)
      : JsonValueWriter{os, 0} {}

  JsonValueWriter::JsonValueWriter(std::ostream &os,
                                   std::uint64_t indent_level)
      : m_os{os}, m_indent_level{indent_level} {}

  JsonObjectWriter JsonValueWriter::writeObject() && {
    return JsonObjectWriter{m_os, m_indent_level};
  }

  JsonArrayWriter JsonValueWriter::writeArray() && {
    return JsonArrayWriter{m_os, m_indent_level};
  }

  void JsonValueWriter::write(Catch::StringRef value) && {
    writeImpl(value, true);
  }

  void JsonValueWriter::write(bool value) && {
    writeImpl(value ? "true"_sr : "false"_sr, false);
  }

  void JsonValueWriter::writeImpl(Catch::StringRef value, bool quote) {
    if (quote) { m_os << '"'; }
    size_t current_start = 0;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < value.size(); ++i) {
      if (needsEscape(value[i])) {
        if (current_start < i) {
          m_os << value.substr(current_start, i - current_start);
        }
        m_os << makeEscapeStringRef(value[i]);
        current_start = i + 1;
      }
    }
    if (current_start < value.size()) {
      m_os << value.substr(current_start, value.size() - current_start);
    }
    if (quote) { m_os << '"'; }
  }

} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  auto operator<<(std::ostream &os, LazyExpression const &lazyExpr) -> std::ostream & {
    if (lazyExpr.m_isNegated)
      os << '!';

    if (lazyExpr) {
      if (lazyExpr.m_isNegated && lazyExpr.m_transientExpression->isBinaryExpression())
        os << '(' << *lazyExpr.m_transientExpression << ')';
      else
        os << *lazyExpr.m_transientExpression;
    } else {
      os << "{** error - unchecked empty expression requested **}";
    }
    return os;
  }

} // namespace Catch

#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_CRTDBG
#include <crtdbg.h>

namespace Catch {

  LeakDetector::LeakDetector() {
    int flag = _CrtSetDbgFlag(_CRTDBG_REPORT_FLAG);
    flag |= _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF;
    flag |= _CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF;
    _CrtSetDbgFlag(flag);
    _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_WARN, _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE | _CRTDBG_MODE_DEBUG);
    _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN, _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
    // Change this to leaking allocation's number to break there
    _CrtSetBreakAlloc(-1);
  }
} // namespace Catch

#else // ^^ Windows crt debug heap enabled // Windows crt debug heap disabled vv

Catch::LeakDetector::LeakDetector() = default;

#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_WINDOWS_CRTDBG

Catch::LeakDetector::~LeakDetector() {
  Catch::cleanUp();
}

namespace Catch {
  namespace {

    void listTests(IEventListener &reporter, IConfig const &config) {
      auto const &testSpec = config.testSpec();
      auto matchedTestCases = filterTests(getAllTestCasesSorted(config), testSpec, config);
      reporter.listTests(matchedTestCases);
    }

    void listTags(IEventListener &reporter, IConfig const &config) {
      auto const &testSpec = config.testSpec();
      std::vector<TestCaseHandle> matchedTestCases = filterTests(getAllTestCasesSorted(config), testSpec, config);

      std::map<StringRef, TagInfo, Detail::CaseInsensitiveLess> tagCounts;
      for (auto const &testCase : matchedTestCases) {
        for (auto const &tagName : testCase.getTestCaseInfo().tags) {
          auto it = tagCounts.find(tagName.original);
          if (it == tagCounts.end())
            it = tagCounts.insert(std::make_pair(tagName.original, TagInfo())).first;
          it->second.add(tagName.original);
        }
      }

      std::vector<TagInfo> infos;
      infos.reserve(tagCounts.size());
      for (auto &tagc : tagCounts) {
        infos.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(tagc.second));
      }

      reporter.listTags(infos);
    }

    void listReporters(IEventListener &reporter) {
      std::vector<ReporterDescription> descriptions;

      auto const &factories = getRegistryHub().getReporterRegistry().getFactories();
      descriptions.reserve(factories.size());
      for (auto const &fac : factories) {
        descriptions.push_back({fac.first, fac.second->getDescription()});
      }

      reporter.listReporters(descriptions);
    }

    void listListeners(IEventListener &reporter) {
      std::vector<ListenerDescription> descriptions;

      auto const &factories = getRegistryHub().getReporterRegistry().getListeners();
      descriptions.reserve(factories.size());
      for (auto const &fac : factories) {
        descriptions.push_back({fac->getName(), fac->getDescription()});
      }

      reporter.listListeners(descriptions);
    }

  } // end anonymous namespace

  void TagInfo::add(StringRef spelling) {
    ++count;
    spellings.insert(spelling);
  }

  std::string TagInfo::all() const {
    // 2 per tag for brackets '[' and ']'
    size_t size = spellings.size() * 2;
    for (auto const &spelling : spellings) {
      size += spelling.size();
    }

    std::string out;
    out.reserve(size);
    for (auto const &spelling : spellings) {
      out += '[';
      out += spelling;
      out += ']';
    }
    return out;
  }

  bool list(IEventListener &reporter, Config const &config) {
    bool listed = false;
    if (config.listTests()) {
      listed = true;
      listTests(reporter, config);
    }
    if (config.listTags()) {
      listed = true;
      listTags(reporter, config);
    }
    if (config.listReporters()) {
      listed = true;
      listReporters(reporter);
    }
    if (config.listListeners()) {
      listed = true;
      listListeners(reporter);
    }
    return listed;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  CATCH_INTERNAL_START_WARNINGS_SUPPRESSION
  CATCH_INTERNAL_SUPPRESS_GLOBALS_WARNINGS
  static const LeakDetector leakDetector;
  CATCH_INTERNAL_STOP_WARNINGS_SUPPRESSION
} // namespace Catch

// Allow users of amalgamated .cpp file to remove our main and provide their own.
#if !defined(CATCH_AMALGAMATED_CUSTOM_MAIN)

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_WCHAR) && defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_WINDOWS) && defined(_UNICODE) && !defined(DO_NOT_USE_WMAIN)
// Standard C/C++ Win32 Unicode wmain entry point
extern "C" int __cdecl wmain(int argc, wchar_t *argv[], wchar_t *[]) {
#else
// Standard C/C++ main entry point
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
#endif

  // We want to force the linker not to discard the global variable
  // and its constructor, as it (optionally) registers leak detector
  (void)&Catch::leakDetector;

  return Catch::Session().run(argc, argv);
}

#endif // !defined(CATCH_AMALGAMATED_CUSTOM_MAIN

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    // Messages are owned by their individual threads, so the counter should
    // be thread-local as well. Alternative consideration: atomic counter,
    // so threads don't share IDs and things are easier to debug.
    static CATCH_INTERNAL_THREAD_LOCAL unsigned int messageIDCounter = 0;
  } // namespace

  MessageInfo::MessageInfo(StringRef _macroName,
                           SourceLineInfo const &_lineInfo,
                           ResultWas::OfType _type)
      : macroName(_macroName), lineInfo(_lineInfo), type(_type), sequence(++messageIDCounter) {}

} // end namespace Catch

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iosfwd>
#include <sstream>

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NEW_CAPTURE)
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#include <io.h> //_dup and _dup2
#define dup _dup
#define dup2 _dup2
#define fileno _fileno
#else
#include <unistd.h> // dup and dup2
#endif
#endif

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    //! A no-op implementation, used if no reporter wants output
    //! redirection.
    class NoopRedirect : public OutputRedirect {
      void activateImpl() override {}
      void deactivateImpl() override {}
      std::string getStdout() override { return {}; }
      std::string getStderr() override { return {}; }
      void clearBuffers() override {}
    };

    /**
     * Redirects specific stream's rdbuf with another's.
     *
     * Redirection can be stopped and started on-demand, assumes
     * that the underlying stream's rdbuf aren't changed by other
     * users.
     */
    class RedirectedStreamNew {
      std::ostream &m_originalStream;
      std::ostream &m_redirectionStream;
      std::streambuf *m_prevBuf;

    public:
      RedirectedStreamNew(std::ostream &originalStream,
                          std::ostream &redirectionStream)
          : m_originalStream(originalStream), m_redirectionStream(redirectionStream), m_prevBuf(m_originalStream.rdbuf()) {}

      void startRedirect() {
        m_originalStream.rdbuf(m_redirectionStream.rdbuf());
      }
      void stopRedirect() { m_originalStream.rdbuf(m_prevBuf); }
    };

    /**
     * Redirects the `std::cout`, `std::cerr`, `std::clog` streams,
     * but does not touch the actual `stdout`/`stderr` file descriptors.
     */
    class StreamRedirect : public OutputRedirect {
      ReusableStringStream m_redirectedOut, m_redirectedErr;
      RedirectedStreamNew m_cout, m_cerr, m_clog;

    public:
      StreamRedirect()
          : m_cout(Catch::cout(), m_redirectedOut.get()), m_cerr(Catch::cerr(), m_redirectedErr.get()), m_clog(Catch::clog(), m_redirectedErr.get()) {}

      void activateImpl() override {
        m_cout.startRedirect();
        m_cerr.startRedirect();
        m_clog.startRedirect();
      }
      void deactivateImpl() override {
        m_cout.stopRedirect();
        m_cerr.stopRedirect();
        m_clog.stopRedirect();
      }
      std::string getStdout() override { return m_redirectedOut.str(); }
      std::string getStderr() override { return m_redirectedErr.str(); }
      void clearBuffers() override {
        m_redirectedOut.str("");
        m_redirectedErr.str("");
      }
    };

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NEW_CAPTURE)

    // Windows's implementation of std::tmpfile is terrible (it tries
    // to create a file inside system folder, thus requiring elevated
    // privileges for the binary), so we have to use tmpnam(_s) and
    // create the file ourselves there.
    class TempFile {
    public:
      TempFile(TempFile const &) = delete;
      TempFile &operator=(TempFile const &) = delete;
      TempFile(TempFile &&) = delete;
      TempFile &operator=(TempFile &&) = delete;

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
      TempFile() {
        if (tmpnam_s(m_buffer)) {
          CATCH_RUNTIME_ERROR("Could not get a temp filename");
        }
        if (fopen_s(&m_file, m_buffer, "wb+")) {
          char buffer[100];
          if (strerror_s(buffer, errno)) {
            CATCH_RUNTIME_ERROR(
                "Could not translate errno to a string");
          }
          CATCH_RUNTIME_ERROR("Could not open the temp file: '"
                              << m_buffer
                              << "' because: " << buffer);
        }
      }
#else
      TempFile() {
        m_file = std::tmpfile();
        if (!m_file) {
          CATCH_RUNTIME_ERROR("Could not create a temp file.");
        }
      }
#endif

      ~TempFile() {
        // TBD: What to do about errors here?
        std::fclose(m_file);
        // We manually create the file on Windows only, on Linux
        // it will be autodeleted
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
        std::remove(m_buffer);
#endif
      }

      std::FILE *getFile() { return m_file; }
      std::string getContents() {
        ReusableStringStream sstr;
        constexpr long buffer_size = 100;
        char buffer[buffer_size + 1] = {};
        long current_pos = ftell(m_file);
        CATCH_ENFORCE(current_pos >= 0,
                      "ftell failed, errno: " << errno);
        std::rewind(m_file);
        while (current_pos > 0) {
          auto read_characters = std::fread(buffer,
                                            1,
                                            std::min(buffer_size, current_pos),
                                            m_file);
          buffer[read_characters] = '\0';
          sstr << buffer;
          current_pos -= static_cast<long>(read_characters);
        }
        return sstr.str();
      }

      void clear() { std::rewind(m_file); }

    private:
      std::FILE *m_file = nullptr;
      char m_buffer[L_tmpnam] = {0};
    };

    /**
     * Redirects the actual `stdout`/`stderr` file descriptors.
     *
     * Works by replacing the file descriptors numbered 1 and 2
     * with an open temporary file.
     */
    class FileRedirect : public OutputRedirect {
      TempFile m_outFile, m_errFile;
      int m_originalOut = -1;
      int m_originalErr = -1;

      // Flushes cout/cerr/clog streams and stdout/stderr FDs
      void flushEverything() {
        Catch::cout() << std::flush;
        fflush(stdout);
        // Since we support overriding these streams, we flush cerr
        // even though std::cerr is unbuffered
        Catch::cerr() << std::flush;
        Catch::clog() << std::flush;
        fflush(stderr);
      }

    public:
      FileRedirect()
          : m_originalOut(dup(fileno(stdout))), m_originalErr(dup(fileno(stderr))) {
        CATCH_ENFORCE(m_originalOut >= 0, "Could not dup stdout");
        CATCH_ENFORCE(m_originalErr >= 0, "Could not dup stderr");
      }

      std::string getStdout() override { return m_outFile.getContents(); }
      std::string getStderr() override { return m_errFile.getContents(); }
      void clearBuffers() override {
        m_outFile.clear();
        m_errFile.clear();
      }

      void activateImpl() override {
        // We flush before starting redirect, to ensure that we do
        // not capture the end of message sent before activation.
        flushEverything();

        int ret;
        ret = dup2(fileno(m_outFile.getFile()), fileno(stdout));
        CATCH_ENFORCE(ret >= 0,
                      "dup2 to stdout has failed, errno: " << errno);
        ret = dup2(fileno(m_errFile.getFile()), fileno(stderr));
        CATCH_ENFORCE(ret >= 0,
                      "dup2 to stderr has failed, errno: " << errno);
      }
      void deactivateImpl() override {
        // We flush before ending redirect, to ensure that we
        // capture all messages sent while the redirect was active.
        flushEverything();

        int ret;
        ret = dup2(m_originalOut, fileno(stdout));
        CATCH_ENFORCE(
            ret >= 0,
            "dup2 of original stdout has failed, errno: " << errno);
        ret = dup2(m_originalErr, fileno(stderr));
        CATCH_ENFORCE(
            ret >= 0,
            "dup2 of original stderr has failed, errno: " << errno);
      }
    };

#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_NEW_CAPTURE

  } // end namespace

  bool isRedirectAvailable(OutputRedirect::Kind kind) {
    switch (kind) {
      // These two are always available
      case OutputRedirect::None:
      case OutputRedirect::Streams:
        return true;
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NEW_CAPTURE)
      case OutputRedirect::FileDescriptors:
        return true;
#endif
      default:
        return false;
    }
  }

  Detail::unique_ptr<OutputRedirect> makeOutputRedirect(bool actual) {
    if (actual) {
      // TODO: Clean this up later
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NEW_CAPTURE)
      return Detail::make_unique<FileRedirect>();
#else
      return Detail::make_unique<StreamRedirect>();
#endif
    } else {
      return Detail::make_unique<NoopRedirect>();
    }
  }

  RedirectGuard scopedActivate(OutputRedirect &redirectImpl) {
    return RedirectGuard(true, redirectImpl);
  }

  RedirectGuard scopedDeactivate(OutputRedirect &redirectImpl) {
    return RedirectGuard(false, redirectImpl);
  }

  OutputRedirect::~OutputRedirect() = default;

  RedirectGuard::RedirectGuard(bool activate, OutputRedirect &redirectImpl)
      : m_redirect(&redirectImpl), m_activate(activate), m_previouslyActive(redirectImpl.isActive()) {
    // Skip cases where there is no actual state change.
    if (m_activate == m_previouslyActive) { return; }

    if (m_activate) {
      m_redirect->activate();
    } else {
      m_redirect->deactivate();
    }
  }

  RedirectGuard::~RedirectGuard() noexcept(false) {
    if (m_moved) { return; }
    // Skip cases where there is no actual state change.
    if (m_activate == m_previouslyActive) { return; }

    if (m_activate) {
      m_redirect->deactivate();
    } else {
      m_redirect->activate();
    }
  }

  RedirectGuard::RedirectGuard(RedirectGuard &&rhs) noexcept
      : m_redirect(rhs.m_redirect), m_activate(rhs.m_activate), m_previouslyActive(rhs.m_previouslyActive), m_moved(false) {
    rhs.m_moved = true;
  }

  RedirectGuard &RedirectGuard::operator=(RedirectGuard &&rhs) noexcept {
    m_redirect = rhs.m_redirect;
    m_activate = rhs.m_activate;
    m_previouslyActive = rhs.m_previouslyActive;
    m_moved = false;
    rhs.m_moved = true;
    return *this;
  }

} // namespace Catch

#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NEW_CAPTURE)
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#undef dup
#undef dup2
#undef fileno
#endif
#endif

#include <limits>
#include <stdexcept>

namespace Catch {

  Optional<unsigned int> parseUInt(std::string const &input, int base) {
    auto trimmed = trim(input);
    // std::stoull is annoying and accepts numbers starting with '-',
    // it just negates them into unsigned int
    if (trimmed.empty() || trimmed[0] == '-') {
      return {};
    }

    CATCH_TRY {
      size_t pos = 0;
      const auto ret = std::stoull(trimmed, &pos, base);

      // We did not consume the whole input, so there is an issue
      // This can be bunch of different stuff, like multiple numbers
      // in the input, or invalid digits/characters and so on. Either
      // way, we do not want to return the partially parsed result.
      if (pos != trimmed.size()) {
        return {};
      }
      // Too large
      if (ret > std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()) {
        return {};
      }
      return static_cast<unsigned int>(ret);
    }
    CATCH_CATCH_ANON(std::invalid_argument const &) {
      // no conversion could be performed
    }
    CATCH_CATCH_ANON(std::out_of_range const &) {
      // the input does not fit into an unsigned long long
    }
    return {};
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <cmath>

namespace Catch {

#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_POLYFILL_ISNAN)
  bool isnan(float f) {
    return std::isnan(f);
  }
  bool isnan(double d) {
    return std::isnan(d);
  }
#else
  // For now we only use this for embarcadero
  bool isnan(float f) {
    return std::_isnan(f);
  }
  bool isnan(double d) {
    return std::_isnan(d);
  }
#endif

#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_GLOBAL_NEXTAFTER)
  float nextafter(float x, float y) {
    return std::nextafter(x, y);
  }
  double nextafter(double x, double y) {
    return std::nextafter(x, y);
  }
#else
  float nextafter(float x, float y) {
    return ::nextafterf(x, y);
  }
  double nextafter(double x, double y) {
    return ::nextafter(x, y);
  }
#endif

} // end namespace Catch

#if defined(__clang__)
#define CATCH2_CLANG_NO_SANITIZE_INTEGER \
  __attribute__((no_sanitize("unsigned-integer-overflow")))
#else
#define CATCH2_CLANG_NO_SANITIZE_INTEGER
#endif
namespace Catch {

  namespace {

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4146) // we negate uint32 during the rotate
#endif
    // Safe rotr implementation thanks to John Regehr
    CATCH2_CLANG_NO_SANITIZE_INTEGER
    uint32_t rotate_right(uint32_t val, uint32_t count) {
      const uint32_t mask = 31;
      count &= mask;
      return (val >> count) | (val << (-count & mask));
    }

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif

  } // namespace

  SimplePcg32::SimplePcg32(result_type seed_) {
    seed(seed_);
  }

  void SimplePcg32::seed(result_type seed_) {
    m_state = 0;
    (*this)();
    m_state += seed_;
    (*this)();
  }

  void SimplePcg32::discard(uint64_t skip) {
    // We could implement this to run in O(log n) steps, but this
    // should suffice for our use case.
    for (uint64_t s = 0; s < skip; ++s) {
      static_cast<void>((*this)());
    }
  }

  CATCH2_CLANG_NO_SANITIZE_INTEGER
  SimplePcg32::result_type SimplePcg32::operator()() {
    // prepare the output value
    const uint32_t xorshifted = static_cast<uint32_t>(((m_state >> 18u) ^ m_state) >> 27u);
    const auto output = rotate_right(xorshifted, static_cast<uint32_t>(m_state >> 59u));

    // advance state
    m_state = m_state * 6364136223846793005ULL + s_inc;

    return output;
  }

  bool operator==(SimplePcg32 const &lhs, SimplePcg32 const &rhs) {
    return lhs.m_state == rhs.m_state;
  }

  bool operator!=(SimplePcg32 const &lhs, SimplePcg32 const &rhs) {
    return lhs.m_state != rhs.m_state;
  }
} // namespace Catch

#include <ctime>
#include <random>

namespace Catch {

  std::uint32_t generateRandomSeed(GenerateFrom from) {
    switch (from) {
      case GenerateFrom::Time:
        return static_cast<std::uint32_t>(std::time(nullptr));

      case GenerateFrom::Default:
      case GenerateFrom::RandomDevice: {
        std::random_device rd;
        return Detail::fillBitsFrom<std::uint32_t>(rd);
      }

      default:
        CATCH_ERROR("Unknown generation method");
    }
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  struct ReporterRegistry::ReporterRegistryImpl {
    std::vector<Detail::unique_ptr<EventListenerFactory>> listeners;
    std::map<std::string, IReporterFactoryPtr, Detail::CaseInsensitiveLess>
        factories;
  };

  ReporterRegistry::ReporterRegistry()
      : m_impl(Detail::make_unique<ReporterRegistryImpl>()) {
    // Because it is impossible to move out of initializer list,
    // we have to add the elements manually
    m_impl->factories["Automake"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<AutomakeReporter>>();
    m_impl->factories["compact"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<CompactReporter>>();
    m_impl->factories["console"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<ConsoleReporter>>();
    m_impl->factories["JUnit"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<JunitReporter>>();
    m_impl->factories["SonarQube"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<SonarQubeReporter>>();
    m_impl->factories["TAP"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<TAPReporter>>();
    m_impl->factories["TeamCity"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<TeamCityReporter>>();
    m_impl->factories["XML"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<XmlReporter>>();
    m_impl->factories["JSON"] = Detail::make_unique<ReporterFactory<JsonReporter>>();
  }

  ReporterRegistry::~ReporterRegistry() = default;

  IEventListenerPtr
  ReporterRegistry::create(std::string const &name,
                           ReporterConfig &&config) const {
    auto it = m_impl->factories.find(name);
    if (it == m_impl->factories.end()) return nullptr;
    return it->second->create(CATCH_MOVE(config));
  }

  void ReporterRegistry::registerReporter(std::string const &name,
                                          IReporterFactoryPtr factory) {
    CATCH_ENFORCE(name.find("::") == name.npos,
                  "'::' is not allowed in reporter name: '" + name + '\'');
    auto ret = m_impl->factories.emplace(name, CATCH_MOVE(factory));
    CATCH_ENFORCE(ret.second,
                  "reporter using '" + name + "' as name was already registered");
  }
  void ReporterRegistry::registerListener(
      Detail::unique_ptr<EventListenerFactory> factory) {
    m_impl->listeners.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(factory));
  }

  std::map<std::string,
           IReporterFactoryPtr,
           Detail::CaseInsensitiveLess> const &
  ReporterRegistry::getFactories() const {
    return m_impl->factories;
  }

  std::vector<Detail::unique_ptr<EventListenerFactory>> const &
  ReporterRegistry::getListeners() const {
    return m_impl->listeners;
  }
} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    struct kvPair {
      StringRef key, value;
    };

    kvPair splitKVPair(StringRef kvString) {
      auto splitPos = static_cast<size_t>(
          std::find(kvString.begin(), kvString.end(), '=') - kvString.begin());

      return {kvString.substr(0, splitPos),
              kvString.substr(splitPos + 1, kvString.size())};
    }
  } // namespace

  namespace Detail {
    std::vector<std::string> splitReporterSpec(StringRef reporterSpec) {
      static constexpr auto separator = "::";
      static constexpr size_t separatorSize = 2;

      size_t separatorPos = 0;
      auto findNextSeparator = [&reporterSpec](size_t startPos) {
        static_assert(
            separatorSize == 2,
            "The code below currently assumes 2 char separator");

        auto currentPos = startPos;
        do {
          while (currentPos < reporterSpec.size() && reporterSpec[currentPos] != separator[0]) {
            ++currentPos;
          }
          if (currentPos + 1 < reporterSpec.size() && reporterSpec[currentPos + 1] == separator[1]) {
            return currentPos;
          }
          ++currentPos;
        } while (currentPos < reporterSpec.size());

        return static_cast<size_t>(-1);
      };

      std::vector<std::string> parts;

      while (separatorPos < reporterSpec.size()) {
        const auto nextSeparator = findNextSeparator(separatorPos);
        parts.push_back(static_cast<std::string>(reporterSpec.substr(
            separatorPos, nextSeparator - separatorPos)));

        if (nextSeparator == static_cast<size_t>(-1)) {
          break;
        }
        separatorPos = nextSeparator + separatorSize;
      }

      // Handle a separator at the end.
      // This is not a valid spec, but we want to do validation in a
      // centralized place
      if (separatorPos == reporterSpec.size()) {
        parts.emplace_back();
      }

      return parts;
    }

    Optional<ColourMode> stringToColourMode(StringRef colourMode) {
      if (colourMode == "default") {
        return ColourMode::PlatformDefault;
      } else if (colourMode == "ansi") {
        return ColourMode::ANSI;
      } else if (colourMode == "win32") {
        return ColourMode::Win32;
      } else if (colourMode == "none") {
        return ColourMode::None;
      } else {
        return {};
      }
    }
  } // namespace Detail

  bool operator==(ReporterSpec const &lhs, ReporterSpec const &rhs) {
    return lhs.m_name == rhs.m_name && lhs.m_outputFileName == rhs.m_outputFileName && lhs.m_colourMode == rhs.m_colourMode && lhs.m_customOptions == rhs.m_customOptions;
  }

  Optional<ReporterSpec> parseReporterSpec(StringRef reporterSpec) {
    auto parts = Detail::splitReporterSpec(reporterSpec);

    assert(parts.size() > 0 && "Split should never return empty vector");

    std::map<std::string, std::string> kvPairs;
    Optional<std::string> outputFileName;
    Optional<ColourMode> colourMode;

    // First part is always reporter name, so we skip it
    for (size_t i = 1; i < parts.size(); ++i) {
      auto kv = splitKVPair(parts[i]);
      auto key = kv.key, value = kv.value;

      if (key.empty() || value.empty()) { // NOLINT(bugprone-branch-clone)
        return {};
      } else if (key[0] == 'X') {
        // This is a reporter-specific option, we don't check these
        // apart from basic sanity checks
        if (key.size() == 1) {
          return {};
        }

        auto ret = kvPairs.emplace(std::string(kv.key), std::string(kv.value));
        if (!ret.second) {
          // Duplicated key. We might want to handle this differently,
          // e.g. by overwriting the existing value?
          return {};
        }
      } else if (key == "out") {
        // Duplicated key
        if (outputFileName) {
          return {};
        }
        outputFileName = static_cast<std::string>(value);
      } else if (key == "colour-mode") {
        // Duplicated key
        if (colourMode) {
          return {};
        }
        colourMode = Detail::stringToColourMode(value);
        // Parsing failed
        if (!colourMode) {
          return {};
        }
      } else {
        // Unrecognized option
        return {};
      }
    }

    return ReporterSpec{CATCH_MOVE(parts[0]),
                        CATCH_MOVE(outputFileName),
                        CATCH_MOVE(colourMode),
                        CATCH_MOVE(kvPairs)};
  }

  ReporterSpec::ReporterSpec(
      std::string name,
      Optional<std::string> outputFileName,
      Optional<ColourMode> colourMode,
      std::map<std::string, std::string> customOptions)
      : m_name(CATCH_MOVE(name)), m_outputFileName(CATCH_MOVE(outputFileName)), m_colourMode(CATCH_MOVE(colourMode)), m_customOptions(CATCH_MOVE(customOptions)) {}

} // namespace Catch

#include <cstdio>
#include <sstream>
#include <tuple>
#include <vector>

namespace Catch {

  // This class encapsulates the idea of a pool of ostringstreams that can be reused.
  struct StringStreams {
    std::vector<Detail::unique_ptr<std::ostringstream>> m_streams;
    std::vector<std::size_t> m_unused;
    std::ostringstream m_referenceStream; // Used for copy state/ flags from
    Detail::Mutex m_mutex;

    auto add() -> std::pair<std::size_t, std::ostringstream *> {
      Detail::LockGuard _(m_mutex);
      if (m_unused.empty()) {
        m_streams.push_back(Detail::make_unique<std::ostringstream>());
        return {m_streams.size() - 1, m_streams.back().get()};
      } else {
        auto index = m_unused.back();
        m_unused.pop_back();
        return {index, m_streams[index].get()};
      }
    }

    void release(std::size_t index, std::ostream *originalPtr) {
      assert(originalPtr);
      originalPtr->copyfmt(m_referenceStream); // Restore initial flags and other state

      Detail::LockGuard _(m_mutex);
      assert(originalPtr == m_streams[index].get() && "Mismatch between release index and stream ptr");
      m_unused.push_back(index);
    }
  };

  ReusableStringStream::ReusableStringStream() {
    std::tie(m_index, m_oss) = Singleton<StringStreams>::getMutable().add();
  }

  ReusableStringStream::~ReusableStringStream() {
    static_cast<std::ostringstream *>(m_oss)->str("");
    m_oss->clear();
    Singleton<StringStreams>::getMutable().release(m_index, m_oss);
  }

  std::string ReusableStringStream::str() const {
    return static_cast<std::ostringstream *>(m_oss)->str();
  }

  void ReusableStringStream::str(std::string const &str) {
    static_cast<std::ostringstream *>(m_oss)->str(str);
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>

namespace Catch {

  namespace Generators {
    namespace {
      struct GeneratorTracker final : TestCaseTracking::TrackerBase,
                                      IGeneratorTracker {
        GeneratorBasePtr m_generator;
        // Filtered generator has moved to specific index due to
        // a filter, it needs special handling of `countedNext()`
        bool m_isFiltered = false;

        GeneratorTracker(
            TestCaseTracking::NameAndLocation &&nameAndLocation,
            TrackerContext &ctx,
            ITracker *parent,
            GeneratorBasePtr &&generator)
            : TrackerBase(CATCH_MOVE(nameAndLocation), ctx, parent), m_generator(CATCH_MOVE(generator)) {
          assert(m_generator && "Cannot create tracker without generator");

          // Handle potential filter and move forward here...
          // Old style filters do not affect generators at all
          if (m_newStyleFilters && m_allTrackerDepth < m_filterRef->size()) {
            auto const &filter = (*m_filterRef)[m_allTrackerDepth];
            // Generator cannot be un-entered the way a section
            // can be, so the tracker has to throw for a wrong
            // filter to stop the execution flow.
            if (filter.type == PathFilter::For::Section) {
              // We want the semantics of `SKIP()`, but we inline it
              // to avoid issues with conditionally prefixed macros
              INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG(
                  "SKIP",
                  Catch::ResultWas::ExplicitSkip,
                  Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal,
                  "");
              Catch::Detail::Unreachable();
            }
            // '*' is the wildcard for "all elements in generator"
            // used for filtering sections below the generator, but
            // not the generator itself.
            if (filter.filter != "*") {
              m_isFiltered = true;
              // TBD: We assume that the filter was validated as
              //      number during parsing. We should pass it
              //      as number from the CLI parser.
              size_t targetIndex = std::stoul(filter.filter);
              m_generator->skipToNthElement(targetIndex);
            }
          }
        }

        static GeneratorTracker *
        acquire(TrackerContext &ctx,
                TestCaseTracking::NameAndLocationRef const &
                    nameAndLocation) {
          GeneratorTracker *tracker;

          ITracker &currentTracker = ctx.currentTracker();
          // Under specific circumstances, the generator we want
          // to acquire is also the current tracker. If this is
          // the case, we have to avoid looking through current
          // tracker's children, and instead return the current
          // tracker.
          // A case where this check is important is e.g.
          //     for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
          //         int n = GENERATE(1, 2);
          //     }
          //
          // without it, the code above creates 5 nested generators.
          if (currentTracker.nameAndLocation() == nameAndLocation) {
            auto thisTracker = currentTracker.parent()->findChild(
                nameAndLocation);
            assert(thisTracker);
            assert(thisTracker->isGeneratorTracker());
            tracker = static_cast<GeneratorTracker *>(thisTracker);
          } else if (ITracker *childTracker = currentTracker.findChild(
                         nameAndLocation)) {
            assert(childTracker);
            assert(childTracker->isGeneratorTracker());
            tracker = static_cast<GeneratorTracker *>(childTracker);
          } else {
            return nullptr;
          }

          if (!tracker->isComplete()) { tracker->open(); }

          return tracker;
        }

        // TrackerBase interface
        bool isGeneratorTracker() const override { return true; }
        void close() override {
          TrackerBase::close();
          // If a generator has a child (it is followed by a section)
          // and none of its children have started, then we must wait
          // until later to start consuming its values.
          // This catches cases where `GENERATE` is placed between two
          // `SECTION`s.
          // **The check for m_children.empty cannot be removed**.
          // doing so would break `GENERATE` _not_ followed by
          // `SECTION`s.
          const bool should_wait_for_child = [&]() {
            // No children -> nobody to wait for
            if (m_children.empty()) { return false; }
            // If at least one child started executing, don't wait
            if (std::find_if(
                    m_children.begin(),
                    m_children.end(),
                    [](TestCaseTracking::ITrackerPtr const &
                           tracker) {
                      return tracker->hasStarted();
                    })
                != m_children.end()) {
              return false;
            }

            // No children have started. We need to check if they
            // _can_ start, and thus we should wait for them, or
            // they cannot start (due to filters), and we shouldn't
            // wait for them

            // No filters left -> no restrictions on running sections
            size_t childDepth = 1 + (m_newStyleFilters ? m_allTrackerDepth : m_sectionOnlyDepth);
            if (childDepth >= m_filterRef->size()) {
              return true;
            }

            // If we are using the new style filters, we need to check
            // whether the successive filter is for section or a generator.
            if (m_newStyleFilters
                && (*m_filterRef)[childDepth].type != PathFilter::For::Section) {
              return false;
            }
            // Look for any child section that could match the remaining filters
            for (auto const &child : m_children) {
              if (child->isSectionTracker() && static_cast<SectionTracker const &>(*child).trimmedName() == StringRef((*m_filterRef)[childDepth].filter)) {
                return true;
              }
            }
            return false;
          }();

          // This check is a bit tricky, because m_generator->next()
          // has a side-effect, where it consumes generator's current
          // value, but we do not want to invoke the side-effect if
          // this generator is still waiting for any child to start.
          assert(m_generator && "Tracker without generator");
          if (should_wait_for_child
              || (m_runState == CompletedSuccessfully
                  && !m_isFiltered // filtered generators cannot meaningfully move forward, as they would get past the filter
                  && m_generator->countedNext())) {
            m_children.clear();
            m_runState = Executing;
          }
        }

        // IGeneratorTracker interface
        auto getGenerator() const -> GeneratorBasePtr const & override {
          return m_generator;
        }
      };
    } // namespace
  } // namespace Generators

  namespace Detail {
    // Assertions are owned by the thread that is executing them.
    // This allows for lock-free progress in common cases where we
    // do not need to send the assertion events to the reporter.
    // This also implies that messages are owned by their respective
    // threads, and should not be shared across different threads.
    //
    // This implies that various pieces of metadata referring to last
    // assertion result/source location/message handling, etc
    // should also be thread local. For now we just use naked globals
    // below, in the future we will want to allocate piece of memory
    // from heap, to avoid consuming too much thread-local storage.
    //
    // Note that we also don't want non-trivial the thread-local variables
    // below be initialized for every thread, only for those that touch
    // Catch2. To make this work with both GCC/Clang and MSVC, we have to
    // make them thread-local magic statics. (Class-level statics have the
    // desired semantics on GCC, but not on MSVC).

    // This is used for the "if" part of CHECKED_IF/CHECKED_ELSE
    static CATCH_INTERNAL_THREAD_LOCAL bool g_lastAssertionPassed = false;

    // This is the source location for last encountered macro. It is
    // used to provide the users with more precise location of error
    // when an unexpected exception/fatal error happens.
    static CATCH_INTERNAL_THREAD_LOCAL SourceLineInfo
        g_lastKnownLineInfo("DummyLocation", static_cast<size_t>(-1));

    // Should we clear message scopes before sending off the messages to
    // reporter? Set in `assertionPassedFastPath` to avoid doing the full
    // clear there for performance reasons.
    static CATCH_INTERNAL_THREAD_LOCAL bool g_clearMessageScopes = false;

    // Holds the data for both scoped and unscoped messages together,
    // to avoid issues where their lifetimes start in wrong order,
    // and then are destroyed in wrong order.
    class MessageHolder {
      // The actual message vector passed to the reporters
      std::vector<MessageInfo> messages;
      // IDs of messages from UNSCOPED_X macros, which we have to
      // remove manually.
      std::vector<unsigned int> unscoped_ids;

    public:
      // We do not need to special-case the unscoped messages when
      // we only keep around the raw msg ids.
      ~MessageHolder() = default;

      void addUnscopedMessage(MessageInfo &&info) {
        repairUnscopedMessageInvariant();
        unscoped_ids.push_back(info.sequence);
        messages.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(info));
      }

      void addUnscopedMessage(MessageBuilder &&builder) {
        MessageInfo info(CATCH_MOVE(builder.m_info));
        info.message = builder.m_stream.str();
        addUnscopedMessage(CATCH_MOVE(info));
      }

      void addScopedMessage(MessageInfo &&info) {
        messages.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(info));
      }

      std::vector<MessageInfo> const &getMessages() const {
        return messages;
      }

      void removeMessage(unsigned int messageId) {
        // Note: On average, it would probably be better to look for
        //       the message backwards. However, we do not expect to have
        //       to  deal with more messages than low single digits, so
        //       the improvement is tiny, and we would have to hand-write
        //       the loop to avoid terrible codegen of reverse iterators
        //       in debug mode.
        auto iter = std::find_if(messages.begin(),
                                 messages.end(),
                                 [messageId](MessageInfo const &msg) {
                                   return msg.sequence == messageId;
                                 });
        assert(iter != messages.end() && "Trying to remove non-existent message.");
        messages.erase(iter);
      }

      void removeUnscopedMessages() {
        for (const auto messageId : unscoped_ids) {
          removeMessage(messageId);
        }
        unscoped_ids.clear();
        g_clearMessageScopes = false;
      }

      void repairUnscopedMessageInvariant() {
        if (g_clearMessageScopes) { removeUnscopedMessages(); }
        g_clearMessageScopes = false;
      }
    };

    CATCH_INTERNAL_START_WARNINGS_SUPPRESSION
    CATCH_INTERNAL_SUPPRESS_GLOBALS_WARNINGS
    static MessageHolder &g_messageHolder() {
      static CATCH_INTERNAL_THREAD_LOCAL MessageHolder value;
      return value;
    }
    CATCH_INTERNAL_STOP_WARNINGS_SUPPRESSION

  } // namespace Detail

  RunContext::RunContext(IConfig const *_config, IEventListenerPtr &&reporter)
      : m_runInfo(_config->name()), m_config(_config), m_reporter(CATCH_MOVE(reporter)), m_outputRedirect(makeOutputRedirect(m_reporter->getPreferences().shouldRedirectStdOut)), m_abortAfterXFailedAssertions(m_config->abortAfter()), m_reportAssertionStarting(m_reporter->getPreferences().shouldReportAllAssertionStarts), m_includeSuccessfulResults(m_config->includeSuccessfulResults() || m_reporter->getPreferences().shouldReportAllAssertions), m_shouldDebugBreak(m_config->shouldDebugBreak()) {
    getCurrentMutableContext().setResultCapture(this);
    m_reporter->testRunStarting(m_runInfo);

    // TODO: HACK!
    //       We need to make sure the underlying cache is initialized
    //       while we are guaranteed to be running in a single thread,
    //       because the initialization is not thread-safe.
    ReusableStringStream rss;
    (void)rss;
  }

  RunContext::~RunContext() {
    updateTotalsFromAtomics();
    m_reporter->testRunEnded(TestRunStats(m_runInfo, m_totals, aborting()));
  }

  Totals RunContext::runTest(TestCaseHandle const &testCase) {
    updateTotalsFromAtomics();
    const Totals prevTotals = m_totals;

    auto const &testInfo = testCase.getTestCaseInfo();
    m_reporter->testCaseStarting(testInfo);
    testCase.prepareTestCase();
    m_activeTestCase = &testCase;

    ITracker &rootTracker = m_trackerContext.startRun();
    assert(rootTracker.isSectionTracker());
    rootTracker.setFilters(&m_config->getPathFilters(),
                           m_config->useNewFilterBehaviour());

    // We intentionally only seed the internal RNG once per test case,
    // before it is first invoked. The reason for that is a complex
    // interplay of generator/section implementation details and the
    // Random*Generator types.
    //
    // The issue boils down to us needing to seed the Random*Generators
    // with different seed each, so that they return different sequences
    // of random numbers. We do this by giving them a number from the
    // shared RNG instance as their seed.
    //
    // However, this runs into an issue if the reseeding happens each
    // time the test case is entered (as opposed to first time only),
    // because multiple generators could get the same seed, e.g. in
    // ```cpp
    // TEST_CASE() {
    //     auto i = GENERATE(take(10, random(0, 100));
    //     SECTION("A") {
    //         auto j = GENERATE(take(10, random(0, 100));
    //     }
    //     SECTION("B") {
    //         auto k = GENERATE(take(10, random(0, 100));
    //     }
    // }
    // ```
    // `i` and `j` would properly return values from different sequences,
    // but `i` and `k` would return the same sequence, because their seed
    // would be the same.
    // (The reason their seeds would be the same is that the generator
    //  for k would be initialized when the test case is entered the second
    //  time, after the shared RNG instance was reset to the same value
    //  it had when the generator for i was initialized.)
    seedRng(*m_config);

    uint64_t testRuns = 0;
    std::string redirectedCout;
    std::string redirectedCerr;
    do {
      m_trackerContext.startCycle();
      m_testCaseTracker = &SectionTracker::acquire(m_trackerContext, TestCaseTracking::NameAndLocationRef(testInfo.name, testInfo.lineInfo));

      m_reporter->testCasePartialStarting(testInfo, testRuns);

      updateTotalsFromAtomics();
      const auto beforeRunTotals = m_totals;
      runCurrentTest();
      std::string oneRunCout = m_outputRedirect->getStdout();
      std::string oneRunCerr = m_outputRedirect->getStderr();
      m_outputRedirect->clearBuffers();
      redirectedCout += oneRunCout;
      redirectedCerr += oneRunCerr;

      updateTotalsFromAtomics();
      const auto singleRunTotals = m_totals.delta(beforeRunTotals);
      auto statsForOneRun = TestCaseStats(testInfo, singleRunTotals, CATCH_MOVE(oneRunCout), CATCH_MOVE(oneRunCerr), aborting());
      m_reporter->testCasePartialEnded(statsForOneRun, testRuns);

      ++testRuns;
    } while (!m_testCaseTracker->isSuccessfullyCompleted() && !aborting());

    Totals deltaTotals = m_totals.delta(prevTotals);
    if (testInfo.expectedToFail() && deltaTotals.testCases.passed > 0) {
      deltaTotals.assertions.failed++;
      deltaTotals.testCases.passed--;
      deltaTotals.testCases.failed++;
    }
    m_totals.testCases += deltaTotals.testCases;
    testCase.tearDownTestCase();
    m_reporter->testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats(testInfo,
                                            deltaTotals,
                                            CATCH_MOVE(redirectedCout),
                                            CATCH_MOVE(redirectedCerr),
                                            aborting()));

    m_activeTestCase = nullptr;
    m_testCaseTracker = nullptr;

    return deltaTotals;
  }

  void RunContext::assertionEnded(AssertionResult &&result) {
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = result.m_info.lineInfo;
    if (result.getResultType() == ResultWas::Ok) {
      m_atomicAssertionCount.passed++;
      Detail::g_lastAssertionPassed = true;
    } else if (result.getResultType() == ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
      m_atomicAssertionCount.skipped++;
      Detail::g_lastAssertionPassed = true;
    } else if (!result.succeeded()) {
      Detail::g_lastAssertionPassed = false;
      if (result.isOk()) {
      } else if (m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo().okToFail()) // Read from a shared state established before the threads could start, this is fine
        m_atomicAssertionCount.failedButOk++;
      else
        m_atomicAssertionCount.failed++;
    } else {
      Detail::g_lastAssertionPassed = true;
    }

    auto &msgHolder = Detail::g_messageHolder();
    msgHolder.repairUnscopedMessageInvariant();

    // From here, we are touching shared state and need mutex.
    Detail::LockGuard lock(m_assertionMutex);
    {
      auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);
      updateTotalsFromAtomics();
      m_reporter->assertionEnded(AssertionStats(result, msgHolder.getMessages(), m_totals));
    }

    if (result.getResultType() != ResultWas::Warning) {
      msgHolder.removeUnscopedMessages();
    }

    // Reset working state. assertion info will be reset after
    // populateReaction is run if it is needed
    m_lastResult = CATCH_MOVE(result);
  }

  void RunContext::notifyAssertionStarted(AssertionInfo const &info) {
    if (m_reportAssertionStarting) {
      Detail::LockGuard lock(m_assertionMutex);
      auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);
      m_reporter->assertionStarting(info);
    }
  }

  bool RunContext::sectionStarted(StringRef sectionName,
                                  SourceLineInfo const &sectionLineInfo,
                                  Counts &assertions) {
    ITracker &sectionTracker = SectionTracker::acquire(m_trackerContext,
                                                       TestCaseTracking::NameAndLocationRef(
                                                           sectionName, sectionLineInfo));

    if (!sectionTracker.isOpen())
      return false;
    m_activeSections.push_back(&sectionTracker);

    SectionInfo sectionInfo(sectionLineInfo, static_cast<std::string>(sectionName));
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = sectionLineInfo;

    {
      auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);
      m_reporter->sectionStarting(sectionInfo);
    }

    updateTotalsFromAtomics();
    assertions = m_totals.assertions;

    return true;
  }
  IGeneratorTracker *
  RunContext::acquireGeneratorTracker(StringRef generatorName,
                                      SourceLineInfo const &lineInfo) {
    auto *tracker = Generators::GeneratorTracker::acquire(
        m_trackerContext,
        TestCaseTracking::NameAndLocationRef(
            generatorName, lineInfo));
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = lineInfo;
    return tracker;
  }

  IGeneratorTracker *RunContext::createGeneratorTracker(
      StringRef generatorName,
      SourceLineInfo lineInfo,
      Generators::GeneratorBasePtr &&generator) {
    // TBD: Do we want to avoid the warning if the generator is filtered?
    if (m_config->warnAboutInfiniteGenerators() && !generator->isFinite()) {
      // We want the semantics of `FAIL()`, but we inline it
      // to avoid issues with conditionally prefixed macros
      INTERNAL_CATCH_MSG("FAIL",
                         Catch::ResultWas::ExplicitFailure,
                         Catch::ResultDisposition::Normal,
                         "GENERATE() would run infinitely");
    }

    auto nameAndLoc = TestCaseTracking::NameAndLocation(static_cast<std::string>(generatorName), lineInfo);
    auto &currentTracker = m_trackerContext.currentTracker();
    assert(
        currentTracker.nameAndLocation() != nameAndLoc && "Trying to create tracker for a generator that already has one");

    auto newTracker = Catch::Detail::make_unique<Generators::GeneratorTracker>(
        CATCH_MOVE(nameAndLoc),
        m_trackerContext,
        &currentTracker,
        CATCH_MOVE(generator));
    auto ret = newTracker.get();
    currentTracker.addChild(CATCH_MOVE(newTracker));

    ret->open();
    return ret;
  }

  bool RunContext::testForMissingAssertions(Counts &assertions) {
    if (assertions.total() != 0)
      return false;
    if (!m_config->warnAboutMissingAssertions())
      return false;
    if (m_trackerContext.currentTracker().hasChildren())
      return false;
    m_atomicAssertionCount.failed++;
    assertions.failed++;
    return true;
  }

  void RunContext::sectionEnded(SectionEndInfo &&endInfo) {
    updateTotalsFromAtomics();
    Counts assertions = m_totals.assertions - endInfo.prevAssertions;
    bool missingAssertions = testForMissingAssertions(assertions);

    if (!m_activeSections.empty()) {
      m_activeSections.back()->close();
      m_activeSections.pop_back();
    }

    {
      auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);
      m_reporter->sectionEnded(
          SectionStats(CATCH_MOVE(endInfo.sectionInfo),
                       assertions,
                       endInfo.durationInSeconds,
                       missingAssertions));
    }
  }

  void RunContext::sectionEndedEarly(SectionEndInfo &&endInfo) {
    if (m_unfinishedSections.empty()) {
      m_activeSections.back()->fail();
    } else {
      m_activeSections.back()->close();
    }
    m_activeSections.pop_back();

    m_unfinishedSections.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(endInfo));
  }

  void RunContext::benchmarkPreparing(StringRef name) {
    auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);
    m_reporter->benchmarkPreparing(name);
  }
  void RunContext::benchmarkStarting(BenchmarkInfo const &info) {
    auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);
    m_reporter->benchmarkStarting(info);
  }
  void RunContext::benchmarkEnded(BenchmarkStats<> const &stats) {
    auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);
    m_reporter->benchmarkEnded(stats);
  }
  void RunContext::benchmarkFailed(StringRef error) {
    auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);
    m_reporter->benchmarkFailed(error);
  }

  std::string RunContext::getCurrentTestName() const {
    return m_activeTestCase
        ? m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo().name
        : std::string();
  }

  const AssertionResult *RunContext::getLastResult() const {
    // m_lastResult is updated inside the assertion slow-path, under
    // a mutex, so the read needs to happen under mutex as well.

    // TBD: The last result only makes sense if it is a thread-local
    //      thing, because the answer is different per thread, like
    //      last line info, whether last assertion passed, and so on.
    //
    //      However, the last result was also never updated in the
    //      assertion fast path, so it was always somewhat broken,
    //      and since IResultCapture::getLastResult is deprecated,
    //      we will leave it as is, until it is finally removed.
    Detail::LockGuard _(m_assertionMutex);
    return &(*m_lastResult);
  }

  void RunContext::exceptionEarlyReported() {
    m_shouldReportUnexpected = false;
  }

  void RunContext::handleFatalErrorCondition(StringRef message) {
    // We lock only when touching the reporters directly, to avoid
    // deadlocks when we call into other functions that also want
    // to lock the mutex before touching reporters.
    //
    // This does mean that we allow other threads to run while handling
    // a fatal error, but this is all a best effort attempt anyway.
    {
      Detail::LockGuard lock(m_assertionMutex);
      // TODO: scoped deactivate here? Just give up and do best effort?
      //       the deactivation can break things further, OTOH so can the
      //       capture
      auto _ = scopedDeactivate(*m_outputRedirect);

      // First notify reporter that bad things happened
      m_reporter->fatalErrorEncountered(message);
    }

    // Don't rebuild the result -- the stringification itself can cause more fatal errors
    // Instead, fake a result data.
    AssertionResultData tempResult(ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition, {false});
    tempResult.message = static_cast<std::string>(message);
    AssertionResult result(makeDummyAssertionInfo(),
                           CATCH_MOVE(tempResult));

    assertionEnded(CATCH_MOVE(result));

    // At this point we touch sections/test cases from this thread
    // to try and end them. Technically that is not supported when
    // using multiple threads, but the worst thing that can happen
    // is that the process aborts harder :-D
    Detail::LockGuard lock(m_assertionMutex);

    // Best effort cleanup for sections that have not been destructed yet
    // Since this is a fatal error, we have not had and won't have the opportunity to destruct them properly
    while (!m_activeSections.empty()) {
      auto const &nl = m_activeSections.back()->nameAndLocation();
      SectionEndInfo endInfo{SectionInfo(nl.location, nl.name), {}, 0.0};
      sectionEndedEarly(CATCH_MOVE(endInfo));
    }
    handleUnfinishedSections();

    // Recreate section for test case (as we will lose the one that was in scope)
    auto const &testCaseInfo = m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo();
    SectionInfo testCaseSection(testCaseInfo.lineInfo, testCaseInfo.name);

    Counts assertions;
    assertions.failed = 1;
    SectionStats testCaseSectionStats(CATCH_MOVE(testCaseSection), assertions, 0, false);
    m_reporter->sectionEnded(testCaseSectionStats);

    auto const &testInfo = m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo();

    Totals deltaTotals;
    deltaTotals.testCases.failed = 1;
    deltaTotals.assertions.failed = 1;
    m_reporter->testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats(testInfo,
                                            deltaTotals,
                                            std::string(),
                                            std::string(),
                                            false));
    m_totals.testCases.failed++;
    updateTotalsFromAtomics();
    m_reporter->testRunEnded(TestRunStats(m_runInfo, m_totals, false));
  }

  bool RunContext::lastAssertionPassed() {
    return Detail::g_lastAssertionPassed;
  }

  void RunContext::assertionPassedFastPath(SourceLineInfo lineInfo) {
    // We want to save the line info for better experience with unexpected assertions
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = lineInfo;
    ++m_atomicAssertionCount.passed;
    Detail::g_lastAssertionPassed = true;
    Detail::g_clearMessageScopes = true;
  }

  void RunContext::updateTotalsFromAtomics() {
    m_totals.assertions = Counts{
        m_atomicAssertionCount.passed,
        m_atomicAssertionCount.failed,
        m_atomicAssertionCount.failedButOk,
        m_atomicAssertionCount.skipped,
    };
  }

  bool RunContext::aborting() const {
    return m_atomicAssertionCount.failed >= m_abortAfterXFailedAssertions;
  }

  void RunContext::runCurrentTest() {
    auto const &testCaseInfo = m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo();
    SectionInfo testCaseSection(testCaseInfo.lineInfo, testCaseInfo.name);
    m_reporter->sectionStarting(testCaseSection);
    updateTotalsFromAtomics();
    Counts prevAssertions = m_totals.assertions;
    double duration = 0;
    m_shouldReportUnexpected = true;
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = testCaseInfo.lineInfo;

    Timer timer;
    CATCH_TRY {
      {
        auto _ = scopedActivate(*m_outputRedirect);
        timer.start();
        invokeActiveTestCase();
      }
      duration = timer.getElapsedSeconds();
    }
    CATCH_CATCH_ANON(TestFailureException &) {
      // This just means the test was aborted due to failure
    }
    CATCH_CATCH_ANON(TestSkipException &) {
      // This just means the test was explicitly skipped
    }
    CATCH_CATCH_ALL {
      // Under CATCH_CONFIG_FAST_COMPILE, unexpected exceptions under REQUIRE assertions
      // are reported without translation at the point of origin.
      if (m_shouldReportUnexpected) {
        AssertionReaction dummyReaction;
        handleUnexpectedInflightException(makeDummyAssertionInfo(),
                                          translateActiveException(),
                                          dummyReaction);
      }
    }
    updateTotalsFromAtomics();
    Counts assertions = m_totals.assertions - prevAssertions;
    bool missingAssertions = testForMissingAssertions(assertions);

    m_testCaseTracker->close();
    handleUnfinishedSections();
    auto &msgHolder = Detail::g_messageHolder();
    msgHolder.removeUnscopedMessages();
    assert(msgHolder.getMessages().empty() && "There should be no leftover messages after the test ends");

    SectionStats testCaseSectionStats(CATCH_MOVE(testCaseSection), assertions, duration, missingAssertions);
    m_reporter->sectionEnded(testCaseSectionStats);
  }

  void RunContext::invokeActiveTestCase() {
    // We need to engage a handler for signals/structured exceptions
    // before running the tests themselves, or the binary can crash
    // without failed test being reported.
    FatalConditionHandlerGuard _(&m_fatalConditionhandler);
    // We keep having issue where some compilers warn about an unused
    // variable, even though the type has non-trivial constructor and
    // destructor. This is annoying and ugly, but it makes them stfu.
    (void)_;

    m_activeTestCase->invoke();
  }

  void RunContext::handleUnfinishedSections() {
    // If sections ended prematurely due to an exception we stored their
    // infos here so we can tear them down outside the unwind process.
    for (auto it = m_unfinishedSections.rbegin(),
              itEnd = m_unfinishedSections.rend();
         it != itEnd;
         ++it) {
      sectionEnded(CATCH_MOVE(*it));
    }
    m_unfinishedSections.clear();
  }

  void RunContext::handleExpr(
      AssertionInfo const &info,
      ITransientExpression const &expr,
      AssertionReaction &reaction) {
    bool negated = isFalseTest(info.resultDisposition);
    bool result = expr.getResult() != negated;

    if (result) {
      if (!m_includeSuccessfulResults) {
        assertionPassedFastPath(info.lineInfo);
      } else {
        reportExpr(info, ResultWas::Ok, &expr, negated);
      }
    } else {
      reportExpr(info, ResultWas::ExpressionFailed, &expr, negated);
      populateReaction(
          reaction, info.resultDisposition & ResultDisposition::Normal);
    }
  }
  void RunContext::reportExpr(
      AssertionInfo const &info,
      ResultWas::OfType resultType,
      ITransientExpression const *expr,
      bool negated) {
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = info.lineInfo;
    AssertionResultData data(resultType, LazyExpression(negated));

    AssertionResult assertionResult{info, CATCH_MOVE(data)};
    assertionResult.m_resultData.lazyExpression.m_transientExpression = expr;

    assertionEnded(CATCH_MOVE(assertionResult));
  }

  void RunContext::handleMessage(
      AssertionInfo const &info,
      ResultWas::OfType resultType,
      std::string &&message,
      AssertionReaction &reaction) {
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = info.lineInfo;

    AssertionResultData data(resultType, LazyExpression(false));
    data.message = CATCH_MOVE(message);
    AssertionResult assertionResult{info,
                                    CATCH_MOVE(data)};

    const auto isOk = assertionResult.isOk();
    assertionEnded(CATCH_MOVE(assertionResult));
    if (!isOk) {
      populateReaction(
          reaction, info.resultDisposition & ResultDisposition::Normal);
    } else if (resultType == ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
      // TODO: Need to handle this explicitly, as ExplicitSkip is
      // considered "OK"
      reaction.shouldSkip = true;
    }
  }

  void RunContext::handleUnexpectedExceptionNotThrown(
      AssertionInfo const &info,
      AssertionReaction &reaction) {
    handleNonExpr(info, Catch::ResultWas::DidntThrowException, reaction);
  }

  void RunContext::handleUnexpectedInflightException(
      AssertionInfo const &info,
      std::string &&message,
      AssertionReaction &reaction) {
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = info.lineInfo;

    AssertionResultData data(ResultWas::ThrewException, LazyExpression(false));
    data.message = CATCH_MOVE(message);
    AssertionResult assertionResult{info, CATCH_MOVE(data)};
    assertionEnded(CATCH_MOVE(assertionResult));
    populateReaction(reaction,
                     info.resultDisposition & ResultDisposition::Normal);
  }

  void RunContext::populateReaction(AssertionReaction &reaction,
                                    bool has_normal_disposition) {
    reaction.shouldDebugBreak = m_shouldDebugBreak;
    reaction.shouldThrow = aborting() || has_normal_disposition;
  }

  AssertionInfo RunContext::makeDummyAssertionInfo() {
    const bool testCaseJustStarted = Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo == m_activeTestCase->getTestCaseInfo().lineInfo;

    return AssertionInfo{
        testCaseJustStarted ? "TEST_CASE"_sr : StringRef(),
        Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo,
        testCaseJustStarted ? StringRef() : "{Unknown expression after the reported line}"_sr,
        ResultDisposition::Normal};
  }

  void RunContext::handleIncomplete(
      AssertionInfo const &info) {
    using namespace std::string_literals;
    Detail::g_lastKnownLineInfo = info.lineInfo;

    AssertionResultData data(ResultWas::ThrewException, LazyExpression(false));
    data.message = "Exception translation was disabled by CATCH_CONFIG_FAST_COMPILE"s;
    AssertionResult assertionResult{info, CATCH_MOVE(data)};
    assertionEnded(CATCH_MOVE(assertionResult));
  }

  void RunContext::handleNonExpr(
      AssertionInfo const &info,
      ResultWas::OfType resultType,
      AssertionReaction &reaction) {
    AssertionResultData data(resultType, LazyExpression(false));
    AssertionResult assertionResult{info, CATCH_MOVE(data)};

    const auto isOk = assertionResult.isOk();
    if (isOk && !m_includeSuccessfulResults) {
      assertionPassedFastPath(info.lineInfo);
      return;
    }

    assertionEnded(CATCH_MOVE(assertionResult));
    if (!isOk) {
      populateReaction(
          reaction, info.resultDisposition & ResultDisposition::Normal);
    }
  }

  void IResultCapture::pushScopedMessage(MessageInfo &&message) {
    Detail::g_messageHolder().addScopedMessage(CATCH_MOVE(message));
  }

  void IResultCapture::popScopedMessage(unsigned int messageId) {
    Detail::g_messageHolder().removeMessage(messageId);
  }

  void IResultCapture::emplaceUnscopedMessage(MessageBuilder &&builder) {
    Detail::g_messageHolder().addUnscopedMessage(CATCH_MOVE(builder));
  }

  void IResultCapture::addUnscopedMessage(MessageInfo &&message) {
    Detail::g_messageHolder().addUnscopedMessage(CATCH_MOVE(message));
  }

  void seedRng(IConfig const &config) {
    sharedRng().seed(config.rngSeed());
  }

  unsigned int rngSeed() {
    return getCurrentContext().getConfig()->rngSeed();
  }

} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  Section::Section(SectionInfo &&info)
      : m_info(CATCH_MOVE(info)), m_sectionIncluded(getResultCapture().sectionStarted(m_info.name, m_info.lineInfo, m_assertions)) {
    // Non-"included" sections will not use the timing information
    // anyway, so don't bother with the potential syscall.
    if (m_sectionIncluded) {
      m_timer.start();
    }
  }

  Section::Section(SourceLineInfo const &_lineInfo,
                   StringRef _name,
                   const char *const)
      : m_info({"invalid", static_cast<std::size_t>(-1)}, std::string{}), m_sectionIncluded(getResultCapture().sectionStarted(_name, _lineInfo, m_assertions)) {
    // We delay initialization the SectionInfo member until we know
    // this section needs it, so we avoid allocating std::string for name.
    // We also delay timer start to avoid the potential syscall unless we
    // will actually use the result.
    if (m_sectionIncluded) {
      m_info.name = static_cast<std::string>(_name);
      m_info.lineInfo = _lineInfo;
      m_timer.start();
    }
  }

  Section::~Section() {
    if (m_sectionIncluded) {
      SectionEndInfo endInfo{CATCH_MOVE(m_info), m_assertions, m_timer.getElapsedSeconds()};
      if (uncaught_exceptions()) {
        getResultCapture().sectionEndedEarly(CATCH_MOVE(endInfo));
      } else {
        getResultCapture().sectionEnded(CATCH_MOVE(endInfo));
      }
    }
  }

  // This indicates whether the section should be executed or not
  Section::operator bool() const {
    return m_sectionIncluded;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <vector>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    static auto getSingletons() -> std::vector<ISingleton *> *& {
      static std::vector<ISingleton *> *g_singletons = nullptr;
      if (!g_singletons)
        g_singletons = new std::vector<ISingleton *>();
      return g_singletons;
    }
  } // namespace

  ISingleton::~ISingleton() = default;

  void addSingleton(ISingleton *singleton) {
    getSingletons()->push_back(singleton);
  }
  void cleanupSingletons() {
    auto &singletons = getSingletons();
    for (auto singleton : *singletons)
      delete singleton;
    delete singletons;
    singletons = nullptr;
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <cstring>
#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {

  bool SourceLineInfo::operator==(SourceLineInfo const &other) const noexcept {
    return line == other.line && (file == other.file || std::strcmp(file, other.file) == 0);
  }
  bool SourceLineInfo::operator<(SourceLineInfo const &other) const noexcept {
    // We can assume that the same file will usually have the same pointer.
    // Thus, if the pointers are the same, there is no point in calling the strcmp
    return line < other.line || (line == other.line && file != other.file && (std::strcmp(file, other.file) < 0));
  }

  std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, SourceLineInfo const &info) {
#ifndef __GNUG__
    os << info.file << '(' << info.line << ')';
#else
    os << info.file << ':' << info.line;
#endif
    return os;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
  void StartupExceptionRegistry::add(std::exception_ptr const &exception) noexcept {
    CATCH_TRY {
      m_exceptions.push_back(exception);
    }
    CATCH_CATCH_ALL {
      // If we run out of memory during start-up there's really not a lot more we can do about it
      std::terminate();
    }
  }

  std::vector<std::exception_ptr> const &StartupExceptionRegistry::getExceptions() const noexcept {
    return m_exceptions;
  }
#endif

} // end namespace Catch

#include <iostream>

namespace Catch {

// If you #define this you must implement these functions
#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_NOSTDOUT)
  std::ostream &cout() {
    return std::cout;
  }
  std::ostream &cerr() {
    return std::cerr;
  }
  std::ostream &clog() {
    return std::clog;
  }
#endif

} // namespace Catch

#include <cctype>
#include <cstring>
#include <ostream>
#include <vector>

namespace Catch {

  bool startsWith(std::string const &s, std::string const &prefix) {
    return s.size() >= prefix.size() && std::equal(prefix.begin(), prefix.end(), s.begin());
  }
  bool startsWith(StringRef s, char prefix) {
    return !s.empty() && s[0] == prefix;
  }
  bool endsWith(std::string const &s, std::string const &suffix) {
    return s.size() >= suffix.size() && std::equal(suffix.rbegin(), suffix.rend(), s.rbegin());
  }
  bool endsWith(std::string const &s, char suffix) {
    return !s.empty() && s[s.size() - 1] == suffix;
  }
  bool contains(std::string const &s, std::string const &infix) {
    return s.find(infix) != std::string::npos;
  }
  void toLowerInPlace(std::string &s) {
    for (char &c : s) {
      c = toLower(c);
    }
  }
  std::string toLower(std::string const &s) {
    std::string lc = s;
    toLowerInPlace(lc);
    return lc;
  }
  char toLower(char c) {
    return static_cast<char>(std::tolower(static_cast<unsigned char>(c)));
  }

  std::string trim(std::string const &str) {
    static char const *whitespaceChars = "\n\r\t ";
    std::string::size_type start = str.find_first_not_of(whitespaceChars);
    std::string::size_type end = str.find_last_not_of(whitespaceChars);

    return start != std::string::npos ? str.substr(start, 1 + end - start) : std::string();
  }

  StringRef trim(StringRef ref) {
    const auto is_ws = [](char c) {
      return c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\n' || c == '\r';
    };
    size_t real_begin = 0;
    while (real_begin < ref.size() && is_ws(ref[real_begin])) { ++real_begin; }
    size_t real_end = ref.size();
    while (real_end > real_begin && is_ws(ref[real_end - 1])) { --real_end; }

    return ref.substr(real_begin, real_end - real_begin);
  }

  bool replaceInPlace(std::string &str, std::string const &replaceThis, std::string const &withThis) {
    std::size_t i = str.find(replaceThis);
    if (i == std::string::npos) {
      return false;
    }
    std::size_t copyBegin = 0;
    std::string origStr = CATCH_MOVE(str);
    str.clear();
    // There is at least one replacement, so reserve with the best guess
    // we can make without actually counting the number of occurrences.
    str.reserve(origStr.size() - replaceThis.size() + withThis.size());
    do {
      str.append(origStr, copyBegin, i - copyBegin);
      str += withThis;
      copyBegin = i + replaceThis.size();
      if (copyBegin < origStr.size())
        i = origStr.find(replaceThis, copyBegin);
      else
        i = std::string::npos;
    } while (i != std::string::npos);
    if (copyBegin < origStr.size()) {
      str.append(origStr, copyBegin, origStr.size());
    }
    return true;
  }

  std::vector<StringRef> splitStringRef(StringRef str, char delimiter) {
    std::vector<StringRef> subStrings;
    std::size_t start = 0;
    for (std::size_t pos = 0; pos < str.size(); ++pos) {
      if (str[pos] == delimiter) {
        if (pos - start > 1)
          subStrings.push_back(str.substr(start, pos - start));
        start = pos + 1;
      }
    }
    if (start < str.size())
      subStrings.push_back(str.substr(start, str.size() - start));
    return subStrings;
  }

  std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, pluralise const &pluraliser) {
    os << pluraliser.m_count << ' ' << pluraliser.m_label;
    if (pluraliser.m_count != 1)
      os << 's';
    return os;
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {
  StringRef::StringRef(char const *rawChars) noexcept
      : StringRef(rawChars, std::strlen(rawChars)) {}

  bool StringRef::operator<(StringRef rhs) const noexcept {
    if (m_size < rhs.m_size) {
      return strncmp(m_start, rhs.m_start, m_size) <= 0;
    }
    return strncmp(m_start, rhs.m_start, rhs.m_size) < 0;
  }

  int StringRef::compare(StringRef rhs) const {
    auto cmpResult = strncmp(m_start, rhs.m_start, std::min(m_size, rhs.m_size));

    // This means that strncmp found a difference before the strings
    // ended, and we can return it directly
    if (cmpResult != 0) {
      return cmpResult;
    }

    // If strings are equal up to length, then their comparison results on
    // their size
    if (m_size < rhs.m_size) {
      return -1;
    } else if (m_size > rhs.m_size) {
      return 1;
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  auto operator<<(std::ostream &os, StringRef str) -> std::ostream & {
    return os.write(str.data(), static_cast<std::streamsize>(str.size()));
  }

  std::string operator+(StringRef lhs, StringRef rhs) {
    std::string ret;
    ret.reserve(lhs.size() + rhs.size());
    ret += lhs;
    ret += rhs;
    return ret;
  }

  auto operator+=(std::string &lhs, StringRef rhs) -> std::string & {
    lhs.append(rhs.data(), rhs.size());
    return lhs;
  }

} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  TagAliasRegistry::~TagAliasRegistry() = default;

  TagAlias const *TagAliasRegistry::find(std::string const &alias) const {
    auto it = m_registry.find(alias);
    if (it != m_registry.end())
      return &(it->second);
    else
      return nullptr;
  }

  std::string TagAliasRegistry::expandAliases(std::string const &unexpandedTestSpec) const {
    std::string expandedTestSpec = unexpandedTestSpec;
    for (auto const &registryKvp : m_registry) {
      std::size_t pos = expandedTestSpec.find(registryKvp.first);
      if (pos != std::string::npos) {
        expandedTestSpec = expandedTestSpec.substr(0, pos) + registryKvp.second.tag + expandedTestSpec.substr(pos + registryKvp.first.size());
      }
    }
    return expandedTestSpec;
  }

  void TagAliasRegistry::add(std::string const &alias, std::string const &tag, SourceLineInfo const &lineInfo) {
    CATCH_ENFORCE(startsWith(alias, "[@") && endsWith(alias, ']'),
                  "error: tag alias, '" << alias << "' is not of the form [@alias name].\n"
                                        << lineInfo);

    CATCH_ENFORCE(m_registry.insert(std::make_pair(alias, TagAlias(tag, lineInfo))).second,
                  "error: tag alias, '" << alias << "' already registered.\n"
                                        << "\tFirst seen at: " << find(alias)->lineInfo << "\n"
                                        << "\tRedefined at: " << lineInfo);
  }

  ITagAliasRegistry::~ITagAliasRegistry() = default;

  ITagAliasRegistry const &ITagAliasRegistry::get() {
    return getRegistryHub().getTagAliasRegistry();
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  TestCaseInfoHasher::TestCaseInfoHasher(hash_t seed)
      : m_seed(seed) {}

  uint32_t TestCaseInfoHasher::operator()(TestCaseInfo const &t) const {
    // FNV-1a hash algorithm that is designed for uniqueness:
    const hash_t prime = 1099511628211u;
    hash_t hash = 14695981039346656037u;
    for (const char c : t.name) {
      hash ^= c;
      hash *= prime;
    }
    for (const char c : t.className) {
      hash ^= c;
      hash *= prime;
    }
    for (const Tag &tag : t.tags) {
      for (const char c : tag.original) {
        hash ^= c;
        hash *= prime;
      }
    }
    hash ^= m_seed;
    hash *= prime;
    const uint32_t low{static_cast<uint32_t>(hash)};
    const uint32_t high{static_cast<uint32_t>(hash >> 32)};
    return low * high;
  }
} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <set>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    static void enforceNoDuplicateTestCases(
        std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &tests) {
      auto testInfoCmp = [](TestCaseInfo const *lhs,
                            TestCaseInfo const *rhs) {
        return *lhs < *rhs;
      };
      std::set<TestCaseInfo const *, decltype(testInfoCmp) &> seenTests(
          testInfoCmp);
      for (auto const &test : tests) {
        const auto infoPtr = &test.getTestCaseInfo();
        const auto prev = seenTests.insert(infoPtr);
        CATCH_ENFORCE(prev.second,
                      "error: test case \""
                          << infoPtr->name << "\", with tags \""
                          << infoPtr->tagsAsString()
                          << "\" already defined.\n"
                          << "\tFirst seen at "
                          << (*prev.first)->lineInfo << "\n"
                          << "\tRedefined at " << infoPtr->lineInfo);
      }
    }

    static bool matchTest(TestCaseHandle const &testCase,
                          TestSpec const &testSpec,
                          IConfig const &config) {
      return testSpec.matches(testCase.getTestCaseInfo()) && isThrowSafe(testCase, config);
    }

  } // end unnamed namespace

  std::vector<TestCaseHandle> sortTests(IConfig const &config, std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &unsortedTestCases) {
    switch (config.runOrder()) {
      case TestRunOrder::Declared:
        return unsortedTestCases;

      case TestRunOrder::LexicographicallySorted: {
        std::vector<TestCaseHandle> sorted = unsortedTestCases;
        std::sort(
            sorted.begin(),
            sorted.end(),
            [](TestCaseHandle const &lhs, TestCaseHandle const &rhs) {
              return lhs.getTestCaseInfo() < rhs.getTestCaseInfo();
            });
        return sorted;
      }
      case TestRunOrder::Randomized: {
        using TestWithHash = std::pair<TestCaseInfoHasher::hash_t, TestCaseHandle>;

        TestCaseInfoHasher h{config.rngSeed()};
        std::vector<TestWithHash> indexed_tests;
        indexed_tests.reserve(unsortedTestCases.size());

        for (auto const &handle : unsortedTestCases) {
          indexed_tests.emplace_back(h(handle.getTestCaseInfo()), handle);
        }

        std::sort(indexed_tests.begin(),
                  indexed_tests.end(),
                  [](TestWithHash const &lhs, TestWithHash const &rhs) {
                    if (lhs.first == rhs.first) {
                      return lhs.second.getTestCaseInfo() < rhs.second.getTestCaseInfo();
                    }
                    return lhs.first < rhs.first;
                  });

        std::vector<TestCaseHandle> randomized;
        randomized.reserve(indexed_tests.size());

        for (auto const &indexed : indexed_tests) {
          randomized.push_back(indexed.second);
        }

        return randomized;
      }
    }

    CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Unknown test order value!");
  }

  bool isThrowSafe(TestCaseHandle const &testCase, IConfig const &config) {
    return !testCase.getTestCaseInfo().throws() || config.allowThrows();
  }

  std::vector<TestCaseHandle> filterTests(std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &testCases, TestSpec const &testSpec, IConfig const &config) {
    std::vector<TestCaseHandle> filtered;
    filtered.reserve(testCases.size());
    for (auto const &testCase : testCases) {
      if ((!testSpec.hasFilters() && !testCase.getTestCaseInfo().isHidden()) || (testSpec.hasFilters() && matchTest(testCase, testSpec, config))) {
        filtered.push_back(testCase);
      }
    }
    return createShard(filtered, config.shardCount(), config.shardIndex());
  }
  std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &getAllTestCasesSorted(IConfig const &config) {
    return getRegistryHub().getTestCaseRegistry().getAllTestsSorted(config);
  }

  TestRegistry::~TestRegistry() = default;

  void TestRegistry::registerTest(Detail::unique_ptr<TestCaseInfo> testInfo, Detail::unique_ptr<ITestInvoker> testInvoker) {
    m_handles.emplace_back(testInfo.get(), testInvoker.get());
    m_viewed_test_infos.push_back(testInfo.get());
    m_owned_test_infos.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(testInfo));
    m_invokers.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(testInvoker));
  }

  std::vector<TestCaseInfo *> const &TestRegistry::getAllInfos() const {
    return m_viewed_test_infos;
  }

  std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &TestRegistry::getAllTests() const {
    return m_handles;
  }
  std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &TestRegistry::getAllTestsSorted(IConfig const &config) const {
    if (m_sortedFunctions.empty())
      enforceNoDuplicateTestCases(m_handles);

    if (m_currentSortOrder != config.runOrder() || m_sortedFunctions.empty()) {
      m_sortedFunctions = sortTests(config, m_handles);
      m_currentSortOrder = config.runOrder();
    }
    return m_sortedFunctions;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>

#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wexit-time-destructors"
#endif

namespace Catch {
  namespace TestCaseTracking {

    NameAndLocation::NameAndLocation(std::string &&_name, SourceLineInfo const &_location)
        : name(CATCH_MOVE(_name)), location(_location) {}

    ITracker::ITracker(NameAndLocation &&nameAndLoc, ITracker *parent)
        : m_nameAndLocation(CATCH_MOVE(nameAndLoc)), m_parent(parent) {
      if (m_parent) {
        m_allTrackerDepth = m_parent->m_allTrackerDepth + 1;
        // We leave section trackers to bump themselves up, as
        // we cannot use `isSectionTracker` in constructor
        m_sectionOnlyDepth = m_parent->m_sectionOnlyDepth;
        m_filterRef = m_parent->m_filterRef;
        m_newStyleFilters = m_parent->m_newStyleFilters;
      }
    }

    ITracker::~ITracker() = default;

    void ITracker::markAsNeedingAnotherRun() {
      m_runState = NeedsAnotherRun;
    }

    void ITracker::addChild(ITrackerPtr &&child) {
      m_children.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(child));
    }

    ITracker *ITracker::findChild(NameAndLocationRef const &nameAndLocation) {
      auto it = std::find_if(
          m_children.begin(),
          m_children.end(),
          [&nameAndLocation](ITrackerPtr const &tracker) {
            auto const &tnameAndLoc = tracker->nameAndLocation();
            if (tnameAndLoc.location.line != nameAndLocation.location.line) {
              return false;
            }
            return tnameAndLoc == nameAndLocation;
          });
      return (it != m_children.end()) ? it->get() : nullptr;
    }

    bool ITracker::isSectionTracker() const {
      return false;
    }
    bool ITracker::isGeneratorTracker() const {
      return false;
    }

    bool ITracker::isOpen() const {
      return m_runState != NotStarted && !isComplete();
    }

    bool ITracker::hasStarted() const {
      return m_runState != NotStarted;
    }

    void ITracker::openChild() {
      if (m_runState != ExecutingChildren) {
        m_runState = ExecutingChildren;
        if (m_parent) {
          m_parent->openChild();
        }
      }
    }

    ITracker &TrackerContext::startRun() {
      using namespace std::string_literals;
      m_rootTracker = Catch::Detail::make_unique<SectionTracker>(
          NameAndLocation("{root}"s, CATCH_INTERNAL_LINEINFO),
          *this,
          nullptr);
      m_currentTracker = nullptr;
      m_runState = Executing;
      return *m_rootTracker;
    }

    void TrackerContext::completeCycle() {
      m_runState = CompletedCycle;
    }

    bool TrackerContext::completedCycle() const {
      return m_runState == CompletedCycle;
    }
    void TrackerContext::setCurrentTracker(ITracker *tracker) {
      m_currentTracker = tracker;
    }

    TrackerBase::TrackerBase(NameAndLocation &&nameAndLocation, TrackerContext &ctx, ITracker *parent)
        : ITracker(CATCH_MOVE(nameAndLocation), parent), m_ctx(ctx) {}

    bool TrackerBase::isComplete() const {
      return m_runState == CompletedSuccessfully || m_runState == Failed;
    }

    void TrackerBase::open() {
      m_runState = Executing;
      moveToThis();
      if (m_parent)
        m_parent->openChild();
    }

    void TrackerBase::close() {
      // Close any still open children (e.g. generators)
      while (&m_ctx.currentTracker() != this)
        m_ctx.currentTracker().close();

      switch (m_runState) {
        case NeedsAnotherRun:
          break;

        case Executing:
          m_runState = CompletedSuccessfully;
          break;
        case ExecutingChildren:
          if (std::all_of(m_children.begin(), m_children.end(), [](ITrackerPtr const &t) { return t->isComplete(); }))
            m_runState = CompletedSuccessfully;
          break;

        case NotStarted:
        case CompletedSuccessfully:
        case Failed:
          CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Illogical state: " << m_runState);

        default:
          CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Unknown state: " << m_runState);
      }
      moveToParent();
      m_ctx.completeCycle();
    }
    void TrackerBase::fail() {
      m_runState = Failed;
      if (m_parent)
        m_parent->markAsNeedingAnotherRun();
      moveToParent();
      m_ctx.completeCycle();
    }

    void TrackerBase::moveToParent() {
      assert(m_parent);
      m_ctx.setCurrentTracker(m_parent);
    }
    void TrackerBase::moveToThis() {
      m_ctx.setCurrentTracker(this);
    }

    SectionTracker::SectionTracker(NameAndLocation &&nameAndLocation, TrackerContext &ctx, ITracker *parent)
        : TrackerBase(CATCH_MOVE(nameAndLocation), ctx, parent), m_trimmed_name(trim(StringRef(ITracker::nameAndLocation().name))) {
      if (m_parent) {
        ++m_sectionOnlyDepth;
      }
    }

    bool SectionTracker::isComplete() const {
      // If there are active filters AND we do not pass them,
      // the section is always "completed"
      const size_t filterIndex = m_newStyleFilters ? m_allTrackerDepth : m_sectionOnlyDepth;
      if (filterIndex < m_filterRef->size()) {
        // There is active filter, check it
        // 1) New style filter must explicitly target section
        if (m_newStyleFilters && (*m_filterRef)[filterIndex].type != PathFilter::For::Section) {
          return true;
        }
        // 2) Both style filters must match the trimmed name exactly
        if (m_trimmed_name != StringRef((*m_filterRef)[filterIndex].filter)) {
          return true;
        }
      }

      // Otherwise we delegate to the generic processing
      return TrackerBase::isComplete();
    }

    bool SectionTracker::isSectionTracker() const {
      return true;
    }

    SectionTracker &SectionTracker::acquire(TrackerContext &ctx, NameAndLocationRef const &nameAndLocation) {
      SectionTracker *tracker;

      ITracker &currentTracker = ctx.currentTracker();
      if (ITracker *childTracker = currentTracker.findChild(nameAndLocation)) {
        assert(childTracker);
        assert(childTracker->isSectionTracker());
        tracker = static_cast<SectionTracker *>(childTracker);
      } else {
        auto newTracker = Catch::Detail::make_unique<SectionTracker>(
            NameAndLocation{static_cast<std::string>(nameAndLocation.name),
                            nameAndLocation.location},
            ctx,
            &currentTracker);
        tracker = newTracker.get();
        currentTracker.addChild(CATCH_MOVE(newTracker));
      }

      if (!ctx.completedCycle()) {
        tracker->tryOpen();
      }

      return *tracker;
    }

    void SectionTracker::tryOpen() {
      if (!isComplete())
        open();
    }

    StringRef SectionTracker::trimmedName() const {
      return m_trimmed_name;
    }

  } // namespace TestCaseTracking

} // namespace Catch

#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
#endif

namespace Catch {

  void throw_test_failure_exception() {
#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
    throw TestFailureException{};
#else
    CATCH_ERROR("Test failure requires aborting test!");
#endif
  }

  void throw_test_skip_exception() {
#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
    throw Catch::TestSkipException();
#else
    CATCH_ERROR("Explicitly skipping tests during runtime requires exceptions");
#endif
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>

namespace Catch {
  void ITestInvoker::prepareTestCase() {}
  void ITestInvoker::tearDownTestCase() {}
  ITestInvoker::~ITestInvoker() = default;

  namespace {
    static StringRef extractClassName(StringRef classOrMethodName) {
      if (!startsWith(classOrMethodName, '&')) {
        return classOrMethodName;
      }

      // Remove the leading '&' to avoid having to special case it later
      const auto methodName = classOrMethodName.substr(1, classOrMethodName.size());

      auto reverseStart = std::make_reverse_iterator(methodName.end());
      auto reverseEnd = std::make_reverse_iterator(methodName.begin());

      // We make a simplifying assumption that ":" is only present
      // in the input as part of "::" from C++ typenames (this is
      // relatively safe assumption because the input is generated
      // as stringification of type through preprocessor).
      auto lastColons = std::find(reverseStart, reverseEnd, ':') + 1;
      auto secondLastColons = std::find(lastColons + 1, reverseEnd, ':');

      auto const startIdx = reverseEnd - secondLastColons;
      auto const classNameSize = secondLastColons - lastColons - 1;

      return methodName.substr(
          static_cast<std::size_t>(startIdx),
          static_cast<std::size_t>(classNameSize));
    }

    class TestInvokerAsFunction final : public ITestInvoker {
      using TestType = void (*)();
      TestType m_testAsFunction;

    public:
      constexpr TestInvokerAsFunction(TestType testAsFunction) noexcept
          : m_testAsFunction(testAsFunction) {}

      void invoke() const override { m_testAsFunction(); }
    };

  } // namespace

  Detail::unique_ptr<ITestInvoker> makeTestInvoker(void (*testAsFunction)()) {
    return Detail::make_unique<TestInvokerAsFunction>(testAsFunction);
  }

  AutoReg::AutoReg(Detail::unique_ptr<ITestInvoker> invoker, SourceLineInfo const &lineInfo, StringRef classOrMethod, NameAndTags const &nameAndTags) noexcept {
    CATCH_TRY {
      getMutableRegistryHub()
          .registerTest(
              makeTestCaseInfo(
                  extractClassName(classOrMethod),
                  nameAndTags,
                  lineInfo),
              CATCH_MOVE(invoker));
    }
    CATCH_CATCH_ALL {
      // Do not throw when constructing global objects, instead register the exception to be processed later
      getMutableRegistryHub().registerStartupException();
    }
  }
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  TestSpecParser::TestSpecParser(ITagAliasRegistry const &tagAliases)
      : m_tagAliases(&tagAliases) {}

  TestSpecParser &TestSpecParser::parse(std::string const &arg) {
    m_mode = None;
    m_exclusion = false;
    m_arg = m_tagAliases->expandAliases(arg);
    m_escapeChars.clear();
    m_substring.reserve(m_arg.size());
    m_patternName.reserve(m_arg.size());
    m_realPatternPos = 0;

    for (m_pos = 0; m_pos < m_arg.size(); ++m_pos)
      // if visitChar fails
      if (!visitChar(m_arg[m_pos])) {
        m_testSpec.m_invalidSpecs.push_back(arg);
        break;
      }
    endMode();
    return *this;
  }
  TestSpec TestSpecParser::testSpec() {
    addFilter();
    return CATCH_MOVE(m_testSpec);
  }
  bool TestSpecParser::visitChar(char c) {
    if ((m_mode != EscapedName) && (c == '\\')) {
      escape();
      addCharToPattern(c);
      return true;
    } else if ((m_mode != EscapedName) && (c == ',')) {
      return separate();
    }

    switch (m_mode) {
      case None:
        if (processNoneChar(c))
          return true;
        break;
      case Name:
        processNameChar(c);
        break;
      case EscapedName:
        endMode();
        addCharToPattern(c);
        return true;
      default:
      case Tag:
      case QuotedName:
        if (processOtherChar(c))
          return true;
        break;
    }

    m_substring += c;
    if (!isControlChar(c)) {
      m_patternName += c;
      m_realPatternPos++;
    }
    return true;
  }
  // Two of the processing methods return true to signal the caller to return
  // without adding the given character to the current pattern strings
  bool TestSpecParser::processNoneChar(char c) {
    switch (c) {
      case ' ':
        return true;
      case '~':
        m_exclusion = true;
        return false;
      case '[':
        startNewMode(Tag);
        return false;
      case '"':
        startNewMode(QuotedName);
        return false;
      default:
        startNewMode(Name);
        return false;
    }
  }
  void TestSpecParser::processNameChar(char c) {
    if (c == '[') {
      if (m_substring == "exclude:")
        m_exclusion = true;
      else
        endMode();
      startNewMode(Tag);
    }
  }
  bool TestSpecParser::processOtherChar(char c) {
    if (!isControlChar(c))
      return false;
    m_substring += c;
    endMode();
    return true;
  }
  void TestSpecParser::startNewMode(Mode mode) {
    m_mode = mode;
  }
  void TestSpecParser::endMode() {
    switch (m_mode) {
      case Name:
      case QuotedName:
        return addNamePattern();
      case Tag:
        return addTagPattern();
      case EscapedName:
        revertBackToLastMode();
        return;
      case None:
      default:
        return startNewMode(None);
    }
  }
  void TestSpecParser::escape() {
    saveLastMode();
    m_mode = EscapedName;
    m_escapeChars.push_back(m_realPatternPos);
  }
  bool TestSpecParser::isControlChar(char c) const {
    switch (m_mode) {
      default:
        return false;
      case None:
        return c == '~';
      case Name:
        return c == '[';
      case EscapedName:
        return true;
      case QuotedName:
        return c == '"';
      case Tag:
        return c == '[' || c == ']';
    }
  }

  void TestSpecParser::addFilter() {
    if (!m_currentFilter.m_required.empty() || !m_currentFilter.m_forbidden.empty()) {
      m_testSpec.m_filters.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(m_currentFilter));
      m_currentFilter = TestSpec::Filter();
    }
  }

  void TestSpecParser::saveLastMode() {
    lastMode = m_mode;
  }

  void TestSpecParser::revertBackToLastMode() {
    m_mode = lastMode;
  }

  bool TestSpecParser::separate() {
    if ((m_mode == QuotedName) || (m_mode == Tag)) {
      // invalid argument, signal failure to previous scope.
      m_mode = None;
      m_pos = m_arg.size();
      m_substring.clear();
      m_patternName.clear();
      m_realPatternPos = 0;
      return false;
    }
    endMode();
    addFilter();
    return true; // success
  }

  std::string TestSpecParser::preprocessPattern() {
    std::string token = m_patternName;
    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < m_escapeChars.size(); ++i)
      token = token.substr(0, m_escapeChars[i] - i) + token.substr(m_escapeChars[i] - i + 1);
    m_escapeChars.clear();
    if (startsWith(token, "exclude:")) {
      m_exclusion = true;
      token = token.substr(8);
    }

    m_patternName.clear();
    m_realPatternPos = 0;

    return token;
  }

  void TestSpecParser::addNamePattern() {
    auto token = preprocessPattern();

    if (!token.empty()) {
      if (m_exclusion) {
        m_currentFilter.m_forbidden.emplace_back(Detail::make_unique<TestSpec::NamePattern>(token, m_substring));
      } else {
        m_currentFilter.m_required.emplace_back(Detail::make_unique<TestSpec::NamePattern>(token, m_substring));
      }
    }
    m_substring.clear();
    m_exclusion = false;
    m_mode = None;
  }

  void TestSpecParser::addTagPattern() {
    auto token = preprocessPattern();

    if (!token.empty()) {
      // If the tag pattern is the "hide and tag" shorthand (e.g. [.foo])
      // we have to create a separate hide tag and shorten the real one
      if (token.size() > 1 && token[0] == '.') {
        token.erase(token.begin());
        if (m_exclusion) {
          m_currentFilter.m_forbidden.emplace_back(Detail::make_unique<TestSpec::TagPattern>(".", m_substring));
        } else {
          m_currentFilter.m_required.emplace_back(Detail::make_unique<TestSpec::TagPattern>(".", m_substring));
        }
      }
      if (m_exclusion) {
        m_currentFilter.m_forbidden.emplace_back(Detail::make_unique<TestSpec::TagPattern>(token, m_substring));
      } else {
        m_currentFilter.m_required.emplace_back(Detail::make_unique<TestSpec::TagPattern>(token, m_substring));
      }
    }
    m_substring.clear();
    m_exclusion = false;
    m_mode = None;
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <ostream>

namespace {
  bool isWhitespace(char c) {
    return c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\n' || c == '\r';
  }

  bool isBreakableBefore(char c) {
    static const char chars[] = "[({<|";
    return std::memchr(chars, c, sizeof(chars) - 1) != nullptr;
  }

  bool isBreakableAfter(char c) {
    static const char chars[] = "])}>.,:;*+-=&/\\";
    return std::memchr(chars, c, sizeof(chars) - 1) != nullptr;
  }

  bool isUtf8ContinuationByte(char c) {
    return (static_cast<unsigned char>(c) & 0xC0) == 0x80;
  }

} // namespace

namespace Catch {
  namespace TextFlow {
    void AnsiSkippingString::preprocessString() {
      for (auto it = m_string.begin(); it != m_string.end();) {
        // try to read through an ansi sequence
        while (it != m_string.end() && *it == '\033' && it + 1 != m_string.end() && *(it + 1) == '[') {
          auto cursor = it + 2;
          while (cursor != m_string.end() && (isdigit(*cursor) || *cursor == ';')) {
            ++cursor;
          }
          if (cursor == m_string.end() || *cursor != 'm') {
            break;
          }
          // 'm' -> 0xff
          *cursor = AnsiSkippingString::sentinel;
          // if we've read an ansi sequence, set the iterator and
          // return to the top of the loop
          it = cursor + 1;
        }
        if (it != m_string.end()) {
          ++m_size;
          ++it;
          // Skip UTF-8 continuation bytes
          while (it != m_string.end() && isUtf8ContinuationByte(*it)) {
            ++it;
          }
        }
      }
    }

    AnsiSkippingString::AnsiSkippingString(std::string const &text)
        : m_string(text) {
      preprocessString();
    }

    AnsiSkippingString::AnsiSkippingString(std::string &&text)
        : m_string(CATCH_MOVE(text)) {
      preprocessString();
    }

    AnsiSkippingString::const_iterator AnsiSkippingString::begin() const {
      return const_iterator(m_string);
    }

    AnsiSkippingString::const_iterator AnsiSkippingString::end() const {
      return const_iterator(m_string, const_iterator::EndTag{});
    }

    std::string AnsiSkippingString::substring(const_iterator begin,
                                              const_iterator end) const {
      // There's one caveat here to an otherwise simple substring: when
      // making a begin iterator we might have skipped ansi sequences at
      // the start. If `begin` here is a begin iterator, skipped over
      // initial ansi sequences, we'll use the true beginning of the
      // string. Lastly: We need to transform any chars we replaced with
      // 0xff back to 'm'
      auto str = std::string(begin == this->begin() ? m_string.begin()
                                                    : begin.m_it,
                             end.m_it);
      std::transform(str.begin(), str.end(), str.begin(), [](char c) {
        return c == AnsiSkippingString::sentinel ? 'm' : c;
      });
      return str;
    }

    void AnsiSkippingString::const_iterator::tryParseAnsiEscapes() {
      // check if we've landed on an ansi sequence, and if so read through
      // it
      while (m_it != m_string->end() && *m_it == '\033' && m_it + 1 != m_string->end() && *(m_it + 1) == '[') {
        auto cursor = m_it + 2;
        while (cursor != m_string->end() && (isdigit(*cursor) || *cursor == ';')) {
          ++cursor;
        }
        if (cursor == m_string->end() || *cursor != AnsiSkippingString::sentinel) {
          break;
        }
        // if we've read an ansi sequence, set the iterator and
        // return to the top of the loop
        m_it = cursor + 1;
      }
    }

    void AnsiSkippingString::const_iterator::advance() {
      assert(m_it != m_string->end());
      m_it++;
      // Skip UTF-8 continuation bytes
      while (m_it != m_string->end() && isUtf8ContinuationByte(*m_it)) {
        m_it++;
      }
      tryParseAnsiEscapes();
    }

    void AnsiSkippingString::const_iterator::unadvance() {
      assert(m_it != m_string->begin());
      m_it--;
      // if *m_it is 0xff, scan back to the \033 and then m_it-- once more
      // (and repeat check)
      while (*m_it == AnsiSkippingString::sentinel) {
        while (*m_it != '\033') {
          assert(m_it != m_string->begin());
          m_it--;
        }
        // if this happens, we must have been a begin iterator that had
        // skipped over ansi sequences at the start of a string
        assert(m_it != m_string->begin());
        assert(*m_it == '\033');
        m_it--;
      }
      // Skip back over UTF-8 continuation bytes to the leading byte
      while (isUtf8ContinuationByte(*m_it)) {
        assert(m_it != m_string->begin());
        m_it--;
      }
    }

    static bool isBoundary(AnsiSkippingString const &line,
                           AnsiSkippingString::const_iterator it) {
      return it == line.end() || (isWhitespace(*it) && !isWhitespace(*it.oneBefore())) || isBreakableBefore(*it) || isBreakableAfter(*it.oneBefore());
    }

    void Column::const_iterator::calcLength() {
      m_addHyphen = false;
      m_parsedTo = m_lineStart;
      AnsiSkippingString const &current_line = m_column.m_string;

      if (m_parsedTo == current_line.end()) {
        m_lineEnd = m_parsedTo;
        return;
      }

      assert(m_lineStart != current_line.end());
      if (*m_lineStart == '\n') { ++m_parsedTo; }

      const auto maxLineLength = m_column.m_width - indentSize();
      std::size_t lineLength = 0;
      while (m_parsedTo != current_line.end() && lineLength < maxLineLength && *m_parsedTo != '\n') {
        ++m_parsedTo;
        ++lineLength;
      }

      // If we encountered a newline before the column is filled,
      // then we linebreak at the newline and consider this line
      // finished.
      if (lineLength < maxLineLength) {
        m_lineEnd = m_parsedTo;
      } else {
        // Look for a natural linebreak boundary in the column
        // (We look from the end, so that the first found boundary is
        // the right one)
        m_lineEnd = m_parsedTo;
        while (lineLength > 0 && !isBoundary(current_line, m_lineEnd)) {
          --lineLength;
          --m_lineEnd;
        }
        while (lineLength > 0 && isWhitespace(*m_lineEnd.oneBefore())) {
          --lineLength;
          --m_lineEnd;
        }

        // If we found one, then that is where we linebreak, otherwise
        // we have to split text with a hyphen
        if (lineLength == 0) {
          m_addHyphen = true;
          m_lineEnd = m_parsedTo.oneBefore();
        }
      }
    }

    size_t Column::const_iterator::indentSize() const {
      auto initial = m_lineStart == m_column.m_string.begin()
          ? m_column.m_initialIndent
          : std::string::npos;
      return initial == std::string::npos ? m_column.m_indent : initial;
    }

    std::string Column::const_iterator::addIndentAndSuffix(
        AnsiSkippingString::const_iterator start,
        AnsiSkippingString::const_iterator end) const {
      std::string ret;
      const auto desired_indent = indentSize();
      // ret.reserve( desired_indent + (end - start) + m_addHyphen );
      ret.append(desired_indent, ' ');
      // ret.append( start, end );
      ret += m_column.m_string.substring(start, end);
      if (m_addHyphen) { ret.push_back('-'); }

      return ret;
    }

    Column::const_iterator::const_iterator(Column const &column)
        : m_column(column), m_lineStart(column.m_string.begin()), m_lineEnd(column.m_string.begin()), m_parsedTo(column.m_string.begin()) {
      assert(m_column.m_width > m_column.m_indent);
      assert(m_column.m_initialIndent == std::string::npos || m_column.m_width > m_column.m_initialIndent);
      calcLength();
      if (m_lineStart == m_lineEnd) {
        m_lineStart = m_column.m_string.end();
      }
    }

    std::string Column::const_iterator::operator*() const {
      assert(m_lineStart <= m_parsedTo);
      return addIndentAndSuffix(m_lineStart, m_lineEnd);
    }

    Column::const_iterator &Column::const_iterator::operator++() {
      m_lineStart = m_lineEnd;
      AnsiSkippingString const &current_line = m_column.m_string;
      if (m_lineStart != current_line.end() && *m_lineStart == '\n') {
        m_lineStart++;
      } else {
        while (m_lineStart != current_line.end() && isWhitespace(*m_lineStart)) {
          ++m_lineStart;
        }
      }

      if (m_lineStart != current_line.end()) { calcLength(); }
      return *this;
    }

    Column::const_iterator Column::const_iterator::operator++(int) {
      const_iterator prev(*this);
      operator++();
      return prev;
    }

    std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, Column const &col) {
      bool first = true;
      for (auto line : col) {
        if (first) {
          first = false;
        } else {
          os << '\n';
        }
        os << line;
      }
      return os;
    }

    Column Spacer(size_t spaceWidth) {
      Column ret{""};
      ret.width(spaceWidth);
      return ret;
    }

    Columns::iterator::iterator(Columns const &columns, EndTag)
        : m_columns(columns.m_columns), m_activeIterators(0) {
      m_iterators.reserve(m_columns.size());
      for (auto const &col : m_columns) {
        m_iterators.push_back(col.end());
      }
    }

    Columns::iterator::iterator(Columns const &columns)
        : m_columns(columns.m_columns), m_activeIterators(m_columns.size()) {
      m_iterators.reserve(m_columns.size());
      for (auto const &col : m_columns) {
        m_iterators.push_back(col.begin());
      }
    }

    std::string Columns::iterator::operator*() const {
      std::string row, padding;

      for (size_t i = 0; i < m_columns.size(); ++i) {
        const auto width = m_columns[i].width();
        if (m_iterators[i] != m_columns[i].end()) {
          std::string col = *m_iterators[i];
          row += padding;
          row += col;

          padding.clear();
          if (col.size() < width) {
            padding.append(width - col.size(), ' ');
          }
        } else {
          padding.append(width, ' ');
        }
      }
      return row;
    }

    Columns::iterator &Columns::iterator::operator++() {
      for (size_t i = 0; i < m_columns.size(); ++i) {
        if (m_iterators[i] != m_columns[i].end()) {
          ++m_iterators[i];
        }
      }
      return *this;
    }

    Columns::iterator Columns::iterator::operator++(int) {
      iterator prev(*this);
      operator++();
      return prev;
    }

    std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, Columns const &cols) {
      bool first = true;
      for (auto line : cols) {
        if (first) {
          first = false;
        } else {
          os << '\n';
        }
        os << line;
      }
      return os;
    }

    Columns operator+(Column const &lhs, Column const &rhs) {
      Columns cols;
      cols += lhs;
      cols += rhs;
      return cols;
    }
    Columns operator+(Column &&lhs, Column &&rhs) {
      Columns cols;
      cols += CATCH_MOVE(lhs);
      cols += CATCH_MOVE(rhs);
      return cols;
    }

    Columns &operator+=(Columns &lhs, Column const &rhs) {
      lhs.m_columns.push_back(rhs);
      return lhs;
    }
    Columns &operator+=(Columns &lhs, Column &&rhs) {
      lhs.m_columns.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(rhs));
      return lhs;
    }
    Columns operator+(Columns const &lhs, Column const &rhs) {
      auto combined(lhs);
      combined += rhs;
      return combined;
    }
    Columns operator+(Columns &&lhs, Column &&rhs) {
      lhs += CATCH_MOVE(rhs);
      return CATCH_MOVE(lhs);
    }

  } // namespace TextFlow
} // namespace Catch

#include <exception>

namespace Catch {
  bool uncaught_exceptions() {
#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_DISABLE_EXCEPTIONS)
    return false;
#elif defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTIONS)
    return std::uncaught_exceptions() > 0;
#else
    return std::uncaught_exception();
#endif
  }
} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  WildcardPattern::WildcardPattern(std::string const &pattern,
                                   CaseSensitive caseSensitivity)
      : m_caseSensitivity(caseSensitivity), m_pattern(normaliseString(pattern)) {
    if (startsWith(m_pattern, '*')) {
      m_pattern = m_pattern.substr(1);
      m_wildcard = WildcardAtStart;
    }
    if (endsWith(m_pattern, '*')) {
      m_pattern = m_pattern.substr(0, m_pattern.size() - 1);
      m_wildcard = static_cast<WildcardPosition>(m_wildcard | WildcardAtEnd);
    }
  }

  bool WildcardPattern::matches(std::string const &str) const {
    switch (m_wildcard) {
      case NoWildcard:
        return m_pattern == normaliseString(str);
      case WildcardAtStart:
        return endsWith(normaliseString(str), m_pattern);
      case WildcardAtEnd:
        return startsWith(normaliseString(str), m_pattern);
      case WildcardAtBothEnds:
        return contains(normaliseString(str), m_pattern);
      default:
        CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Unknown enum");
    }
  }

  std::string WildcardPattern::normaliseString(std::string const &str) const {
    return trim(m_caseSensitivity == CaseSensitive::No ? toLower(str) : str);
  }
} // namespace Catch

// Note: swapping these two includes around causes MSVC to error out
//       while in /permissive- mode. No, I don't know why.
//       Tested on VS 2019, 18.{3, 4}.x

#include <cstdint>
#include <iomanip>
#include <type_traits>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {

    size_t trailingBytes(unsigned char c) {
      if ((c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
        return 2;
      }
      if ((c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
        return 3;
      }
      if ((c & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {
        return 4;
      }
      CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Invalid multibyte utf-8 start byte encountered");
    }

    uint32_t headerValue(unsigned char c) {
      if ((c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
        return c & 0x1F;
      }
      if ((c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
        return c & 0x0F;
      }
      if ((c & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {
        return c & 0x07;
      }
      CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Invalid multibyte utf-8 start byte encountered");
    }

    void hexEscapeChar(std::ostream &os, unsigned char c) {
      std::ios_base::fmtflags f(os.flags());
      os << "\\x"_sr
         << std::uppercase << std::hex << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2)
         << static_cast<int>(c);
      os.flags(f);
    }

    constexpr bool shouldNewline(XmlFormatting fmt) {
      return !!(static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<XmlFormatting>>(fmt & XmlFormatting::Newline));
    }

    constexpr bool shouldIndent(XmlFormatting fmt) {
      return !!(static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<XmlFormatting>>(fmt & XmlFormatting::Indent));
    }

  } // anonymous namespace

  void XmlEncode::encodeTo(std::ostream &os) const {
    // Apostrophe escaping not necessary if we always use " to write attributes
    // (see: http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#syntax)
    size_t last_start = 0;
    auto write_to = [&](size_t idx) {
      if (last_start < idx) {
        os << m_str.substr(last_start, idx - last_start);
      }
      last_start = idx + 1;
    };

    for (std::size_t idx = 0; idx < m_str.size(); ++idx) {
      unsigned char c = static_cast<unsigned char>(m_str[idx]);
      switch (c) {
        case '<':
          write_to(idx);
          os << "&lt;"_sr;
          break;
        case '&':
          write_to(idx);
          os << "&amp;"_sr;
          break;

        case '>':
          // See: http://www.w3.org/TR/xml/#syntax
          if (idx > 2 && m_str[idx - 1] == ']' && m_str[idx - 2] == ']') {
            write_to(idx);
            os << "&gt;"_sr;
          }
          break;

        case '\"':
          if (m_forWhat == ForAttributes) {
            write_to(idx);
            os << "&quot;"_sr;
          }
          break;

        default:
          // Check for control characters and invalid utf-8

          // Escape control characters in standard ascii
          // see
          // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/404107/why-are-control-characters-illegal-in-xml-1-0
          if (c < 0x09 || (c > 0x0D && c < 0x20) || c == 0x7F) {
            write_to(idx);
            hexEscapeChar(os, c);
            break;
          }

          // Plain ASCII: Write it to stream
          if (c < 0x7F) {
            break;
          }

          // UTF-8 territory
          // Check if the encoding is valid and if it is not, hex escape
          // bytes. Important: We do not check the exact decoded values for
          // validity, only the encoding format First check that this bytes is
          // a valid lead byte: This means that it is not encoded as 1111 1XXX
          // Or as 10XX XXXX
          if (c < 0xC0 || c >= 0xF8) {
            write_to(idx);
            hexEscapeChar(os, c);
            break;
          }

          auto encBytes = trailingBytes(c);
          // Are there enough bytes left to avoid accessing out-of-bounds
          // memory?
          if (idx + encBytes - 1 >= m_str.size()) {
            write_to(idx);
            hexEscapeChar(os, c);
            break;
          }
          // The header is valid, check data
          // The next encBytes bytes must together be a valid utf-8
          // This means: bitpattern 10XX XXXX and the extracted value is sane
          // (ish)
          bool valid = true;
          uint32_t value = headerValue(c);
          for (std::size_t n = 1; n < encBytes; ++n) {
            unsigned char nc = static_cast<unsigned char>(m_str[idx + n]);
            valid &= ((nc & 0xC0) == 0x80);
            value = (value << 6) | (nc & 0x3F);
          }

          if (
              // Wrong bit pattern of following bytes
              (!valid) ||
              // Overlong encodings
              (value < 0x80) || (0x80 <= value && value < 0x800 && encBytes > 2) || (0x800 < value && value < 0x10000 && encBytes > 3) ||
              // Encoded value out of range
              (value >= 0x110000)) {
            write_to(idx);
            hexEscapeChar(os, c);
            break;
          }

          // If we got here, this is in fact a valid(ish) utf-8 sequence
          idx += encBytes - 1;
          break;
      }
    }

    write_to(m_str.size());
  }

  std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, XmlEncode const &xmlEncode) {
    xmlEncode.encodeTo(os);
    return os;
  }

  XmlWriter::ScopedElement::ScopedElement(XmlWriter *writer, XmlFormatting fmt)
      : m_writer(writer), m_fmt(fmt) {}

  XmlWriter::ScopedElement::ScopedElement(ScopedElement &&other) noexcept
      : m_writer(other.m_writer), m_fmt(other.m_fmt) {
    other.m_writer = nullptr;
    other.m_fmt = XmlFormatting::None;
  }
  XmlWriter::ScopedElement &XmlWriter::ScopedElement::operator=(ScopedElement &&other) noexcept {
    if (m_writer) {
      m_writer->endElement();
    }
    m_writer = other.m_writer;
    other.m_writer = nullptr;
    m_fmt = other.m_fmt;
    other.m_fmt = XmlFormatting::None;
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter::ScopedElement::~ScopedElement() {
    if (m_writer) {
      m_writer->endElement(m_fmt);
    }
  }

  XmlWriter::ScopedElement &
  XmlWriter::ScopedElement::writeText(StringRef text, XmlFormatting fmt) {
    m_writer->writeText(text, fmt);
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter::ScopedElement &
  XmlWriter::ScopedElement::writeAttribute(StringRef name,
                                           StringRef attribute) {
    m_writer->writeAttribute(name, attribute);
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter::XmlWriter(std::ostream &os)
      : m_os(os) {
    writeDeclaration();
  }

  XmlWriter::~XmlWriter() {
    while (!m_tags.empty()) {
      endElement();
    }
    newlineIfNecessary();
  }

  XmlWriter &XmlWriter::startElement(std::string const &name, XmlFormatting fmt) {
    ensureTagClosed();
    newlineIfNecessary();
    if (shouldIndent(fmt)) {
      m_os << m_indent;
      m_indent += "  ";
    }
    m_os << '<' << name;
    m_tags.push_back(name);
    m_tagIsOpen = true;
    applyFormatting(fmt);
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter::ScopedElement XmlWriter::scopedElement(std::string const &name, XmlFormatting fmt) {
    ScopedElement scoped(this, fmt);
    startElement(name, fmt);
    return scoped;
  }

  XmlWriter &XmlWriter::endElement(XmlFormatting fmt) {
    m_indent = m_indent.substr(0, m_indent.size() - 2);

    if (m_tagIsOpen) {
      m_os << "/>";
      m_tagIsOpen = false;
    } else {
      newlineIfNecessary();
      if (shouldIndent(fmt)) {
        m_os << m_indent;
      }
      m_os << "</" << m_tags.back() << '>';
    }
    m_os << std::flush;
    applyFormatting(fmt);
    m_tags.pop_back();
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter &XmlWriter::writeAttribute(StringRef name,
                                       StringRef attribute) {
    if (!name.empty() && !attribute.empty())
      m_os << ' ' << name << "=\"" << XmlEncode(attribute, XmlEncode::ForAttributes) << '"';
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter &XmlWriter::writeAttribute(StringRef name, bool attribute) {
    writeAttribute(name, (attribute ? "true"_sr : "false"_sr));
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter &XmlWriter::writeAttribute(StringRef name,
                                       char const *attribute) {
    writeAttribute(name, StringRef(attribute));
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter &XmlWriter::writeText(StringRef text, XmlFormatting fmt) {
    CATCH_ENFORCE(!m_tags.empty(), "Cannot write text as top level element");
    if (!text.empty()) {
      bool tagWasOpen = m_tagIsOpen;
      ensureTagClosed();
      if (tagWasOpen && shouldIndent(fmt)) {
        m_os << m_indent;
      }
      m_os << XmlEncode(text, XmlEncode::ForTextNodes);
      applyFormatting(fmt);
    }
    return *this;
  }

  XmlWriter &XmlWriter::writeComment(StringRef text, XmlFormatting fmt) {
    ensureTagClosed();
    if (shouldIndent(fmt)) {
      m_os << m_indent;
    }
    m_os << "<!-- " << text << " -->";
    applyFormatting(fmt);
    return *this;
  }

  void XmlWriter::writeStylesheetRef(StringRef url) {
    m_os << R"(<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href=")" << url << R"("?>)" << '\n';
  }

  void XmlWriter::ensureTagClosed() {
    if (m_tagIsOpen) {
      m_os << '>' << std::flush;
      newlineIfNecessary();
      m_tagIsOpen = false;
    }
  }

  void XmlWriter::applyFormatting(XmlFormatting fmt) {
    m_needsNewline = shouldNewline(fmt);
  }

  void XmlWriter::writeDeclaration() {
    m_os << R"(<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>)" << '\n';
  }

  void XmlWriter::newlineIfNecessary() {
    if (m_needsNewline) {
      m_os << '\n'
           << std::flush;
      m_needsNewline = false;
    }
  }
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Matchers {

    std::string MatcherUntypedBase::toString() const {
      if (m_cachedToString.empty()) {
        m_cachedToString = describe();
      }
      return m_cachedToString;
    }

    MatcherUntypedBase::~MatcherUntypedBase() = default;

  } // namespace Matchers
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Matchers {

    std::string IsEmptyMatcher::describe() const {
      return "is empty";
    }

    std::string HasSizeMatcher::describe() const {
      ReusableStringStream sstr;
      sstr << "has size == " << m_target_size;
      return sstr.str();
    }

    IsEmptyMatcher IsEmpty() {
      return {};
    }

    HasSizeMatcher SizeIs(std::size_t sz) {
      return HasSizeMatcher{sz};
    }

  } // end namespace Matchers
} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Matchers {

    bool ExceptionMessageMatcher::match(std::exception const &ex) const {
      return ex.what() == m_message;
    }

    std::string ExceptionMessageMatcher::describe() const {
      return "exception message matches \"" + m_message + '"';
    }

    ExceptionMessageMatcher Message(std::string const &message) {
      return ExceptionMessageMatcher(message);
    }

  } // namespace Matchers
} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iomanip>
#include <limits>
#include <sstream>

namespace Catch {
  namespace {

    template<typename FP>
    bool almostEqualUlps(FP lhs, FP rhs, uint64_t maxUlpDiff) {
      // Comparison with NaN should always be false.
      // This way we can rule it out before getting into the ugly details
      if (Catch::isnan(lhs) || Catch::isnan(rhs)) {
        return false;
      }

      // This should also handle positive and negative zeros, infinities
      const auto ulpDist = ulpDistance(lhs, rhs);

      return ulpDist <= maxUlpDiff;
    }

    template<typename FP>
    FP step(FP start, FP direction, uint64_t steps) {
      for (uint64_t i = 0; i < steps; ++i) {
        start = Catch::nextafter(start, direction);
      }
      return start;
    }

    // Performs equivalent check of std::fabs(lhs - rhs) <= margin
    // But without the subtraction to allow for INFINITY in comparison
    bool marginComparison(double lhs, double rhs, double margin) {
      return (lhs + margin >= rhs) && (rhs + margin >= lhs);
    }

    template<typename FloatingPoint>
    void write(std::ostream &out, FloatingPoint num) {
      out << std::scientific
          << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<FloatingPoint>::max_digits10 - 1)
          << num;
    }

  } // end anonymous namespace

  namespace Matchers {
    namespace Detail {

      enum class FloatingPointKind : uint8_t {
        Float,
        Double
      };

    } // end namespace Detail

    WithinAbsMatcher::WithinAbsMatcher(double target, double margin)
        : m_target{target}, m_margin{margin} {
      CATCH_ENFORCE(margin >= 0, "Invalid margin: " << margin << '.' << " Margin has to be non-negative.");
    }

    // Performs equivalent check of std::fabs(lhs - rhs) <= margin
    // But without the subtraction to allow for INFINITY in comparison
    bool WithinAbsMatcher::match(double const &matchee) const {
      return (matchee + m_margin >= m_target) && (m_target + m_margin >= matchee);
    }

    std::string WithinAbsMatcher::describe() const {
      return "is within " + ::Catch::Detail::stringify(m_margin) + " of " + ::Catch::Detail::stringify(m_target);
    }

    WithinUlpsMatcher::WithinUlpsMatcher(double target, uint64_t ulps, Detail::FloatingPointKind baseType)
        : m_target{target}, m_ulps{ulps}, m_type{baseType} {
      CATCH_ENFORCE(m_type == Detail::FloatingPointKind::Double
                        || m_ulps < (std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max)(),
                    "Provided ULP is impossibly large for a float comparison.");
      CATCH_ENFORCE(std::numeric_limits<double>::is_iec559,
                    "WithinUlp matcher only supports platforms with "
                    "IEEE-754 compatible floating point representation");
    }

#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic push
// Clang <3.5 reports on the default branch in the switch below
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunreachable-code"
#endif

    bool WithinUlpsMatcher::match(double const &matchee) const {
      switch (m_type) {
        case Detail::FloatingPointKind::Float:
          return almostEqualUlps<float>(static_cast<float>(matchee), static_cast<float>(m_target), m_ulps);
        case Detail::FloatingPointKind::Double:
          return almostEqualUlps<double>(matchee, m_target, m_ulps);
        default:
          CATCH_INTERNAL_ERROR("Unknown Detail::FloatingPointKind value");
      }
    }

#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
#endif

    std::string WithinUlpsMatcher::describe() const {
      std::stringstream ret;

      ret << "is within " << m_ulps << " ULPs of ";

      if (m_type == Detail::FloatingPointKind::Float) {
        write(ret, static_cast<float>(m_target));
        ret << 'f';
      } else {
        write(ret, m_target);
      }

      ret << " ([";
      if (m_type == Detail::FloatingPointKind::Double) {
        write(ret,
              step(m_target,
                   -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity(),
                   m_ulps));
        ret << ", ";
        write(ret,
              step(m_target,
                   std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity(),
                   m_ulps));
      } else {
        // We have to cast INFINITY to float because of MinGW, see #1782
        write(ret,
              step(static_cast<float>(m_target),
                   -std::numeric_limits<float>::infinity(),
                   m_ulps));
        ret << ", ";
        write(ret,
              step(static_cast<float>(m_target),
                   std::numeric_limits<float>::infinity(),
                   m_ulps));
      }
      ret << "])";

      return ret.str();
    }

    WithinRelMatcher::WithinRelMatcher(double target, double epsilon)
        : m_target(target), m_epsilon(epsilon) {
      CATCH_ENFORCE(m_epsilon >= 0., "Relative comparison with epsilon <  0 does not make sense.");
      CATCH_ENFORCE(m_epsilon < 1., "Relative comparison with epsilon >= 1 does not make sense.");
    }

    bool WithinRelMatcher::match(double const &matchee) const {
      const auto relMargin = m_epsilon * (std::max)(std::fabs(matchee), std::fabs(m_target));
      return marginComparison(matchee, m_target,
                              std::isinf(relMargin) ? 0 : relMargin);
    }

    std::string WithinRelMatcher::describe() const {
      Catch::ReusableStringStream sstr;
      sstr << "and " << ::Catch::Detail::stringify(m_target) << " are within " << m_epsilon * 100. << "% of each other";
      return sstr.str();
    }

    WithinUlpsMatcher WithinULP(double target, uint64_t maxUlpDiff) {
      return WithinUlpsMatcher(target, maxUlpDiff, Detail::FloatingPointKind::Double);
    }

    WithinUlpsMatcher WithinULP(float target, uint64_t maxUlpDiff) {
      return WithinUlpsMatcher(target, maxUlpDiff, Detail::FloatingPointKind::Float);
    }

    WithinAbsMatcher WithinAbs(double target, double margin) {
      return WithinAbsMatcher(target, margin);
    }

    WithinRelMatcher WithinRel(double target, double eps) {
      return WithinRelMatcher(target, eps);
    }

    WithinRelMatcher WithinRel(double target) {
      return WithinRelMatcher(target, std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon() * 100);
    }

    WithinRelMatcher WithinRel(float target, float eps) {
      return WithinRelMatcher(target, eps);
    }

    WithinRelMatcher WithinRel(float target) {
      return WithinRelMatcher(target, std::numeric_limits<float>::epsilon() * 100);
    }

    bool IsNaNMatcher::match(double const &matchee) const {
      return std::isnan(matchee);
    }

    std::string IsNaNMatcher::describe() const {
      using namespace std::string_literals;
      return "is NaN"s;
    }

    IsNaNMatcher IsNaN() {
      return IsNaNMatcher();
    }

  } // namespace Matchers
} // namespace Catch

std::string Catch::Matchers::Detail::finalizeDescription(const std::string &desc) {
  if (desc.empty()) {
    return "matches undescribed predicate";
  } else {
    return "matches predicate: \"" + desc + '"';
  }
}

namespace Catch {
  namespace Matchers {
    std::string AllTrueMatcher::describe() const {
      return "contains only true";
    }

    AllTrueMatcher AllTrue() {
      return AllTrueMatcher{};
    }

    std::string NoneTrueMatcher::describe() const {
      return "contains no true";
    }

    NoneTrueMatcher NoneTrue() {
      return NoneTrueMatcher{};
    }

    std::string AnyTrueMatcher::describe() const {
      return "contains at least one true";
    }

    AnyTrueMatcher AnyTrue() {
      return AnyTrueMatcher{};
    }
  } // namespace Matchers
} // namespace Catch

#include <regex>

namespace Catch {
  namespace Matchers {

    CasedString::CasedString(std::string const &str, CaseSensitive caseSensitivity)
        : m_caseSensitivity(caseSensitivity), m_str(adjustString(str)) {}
    std::string CasedString::adjustString(std::string const &str) const {
      return m_caseSensitivity == CaseSensitive::No
          ? toLower(str)
          : str;
    }
    StringRef CasedString::caseSensitivitySuffix() const {
      return m_caseSensitivity == CaseSensitive::Yes
          ? StringRef()
          : " (case insensitive)"_sr;
    }

    StringMatcherBase::StringMatcherBase(StringRef operation, CasedString const &comparator)
        : m_comparator(comparator), m_operation(operation) {
    }

    std::string StringMatcherBase::describe() const {
      std::string description;
      description.reserve(5 + m_operation.size() + m_comparator.m_str.size() + m_comparator.caseSensitivitySuffix().size());
      description += m_operation;
      description += ": \"";
      description += m_comparator.m_str;
      description += '"';
      description += m_comparator.caseSensitivitySuffix();
      return description;
    }

    StringEqualsMatcher::StringEqualsMatcher(CasedString const &comparator)
        : StringMatcherBase("equals"_sr, comparator) {}

    bool StringEqualsMatcher::match(std::string const &source) const {
      return m_comparator.adjustString(source) == m_comparator.m_str;
    }

    StringContainsMatcher::StringContainsMatcher(CasedString const &comparator)
        : StringMatcherBase("contains"_sr, comparator) {}

    bool StringContainsMatcher::match(std::string const &source) const {
      return contains(m_comparator.adjustString(source), m_comparator.m_str);
    }

    StartsWithMatcher::StartsWithMatcher(CasedString const &comparator)
        : StringMatcherBase("starts with"_sr, comparator) {}

    bool StartsWithMatcher::match(std::string const &source) const {
      return startsWith(m_comparator.adjustString(source), m_comparator.m_str);
    }

    EndsWithMatcher::EndsWithMatcher(CasedString const &comparator)
        : StringMatcherBase("ends with"_sr, comparator) {}

    bool EndsWithMatcher::match(std::string const &source) const {
      return endsWith(m_comparator.adjustString(source), m_comparator.m_str);
    }

    RegexMatcher::RegexMatcher(std::string regex, CaseSensitive caseSensitivity)
        : m_regex(CATCH_MOVE(regex)), m_caseSensitivity(caseSensitivity) {}

    bool RegexMatcher::match(std::string const &matchee) const {
      auto flags = std::regex::ECMAScript; // ECMAScript is the default syntax option anyway
      if (m_caseSensitivity == CaseSensitive::No) {
        flags |= std::regex::icase;
      }
      auto reg = std::regex(m_regex, flags);
      return std::regex_match(matchee, reg);
    }

    std::string RegexMatcher::describe() const {
      return "matches " + ::Catch::Detail::stringify(m_regex) + ((m_caseSensitivity == CaseSensitive::Yes) ? " case sensitively" : " case insensitively");
    }

    StringEqualsMatcher Equals(std::string const &str, CaseSensitive caseSensitivity) {
      return StringEqualsMatcher(CasedString(str, caseSensitivity));
    }
    StringContainsMatcher ContainsSubstring(std::string const &str, CaseSensitive caseSensitivity) {
      return StringContainsMatcher(CasedString(str, caseSensitivity));
    }
    EndsWithMatcher EndsWith(std::string const &str, CaseSensitive caseSensitivity) {
      return EndsWithMatcher(CasedString(str, caseSensitivity));
    }
    StartsWithMatcher StartsWith(std::string const &str, CaseSensitive caseSensitivity) {
      return StartsWithMatcher(CasedString(str, caseSensitivity));
    }

    RegexMatcher Matches(std::string const &regex, CaseSensitive caseSensitivity) {
      return RegexMatcher(regex, caseSensitivity);
    }

  } // namespace Matchers
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Matchers {
    MatcherGenericBase::~MatcherGenericBase() = default;

    namespace Detail {

      std::string describe_multi_matcher(StringRef combine, std::string const *descriptions_begin, std::string const *descriptions_end) {
        std::string description;
        std::size_t combined_size = 4;
        for (auto desc = descriptions_begin; desc != descriptions_end; ++desc) {
          combined_size += desc->size();
        }
        combined_size += static_cast<size_t>(descriptions_end - descriptions_begin - 1) * combine.size();

        description.reserve(combined_size);

        description += "( ";
        bool first = true;
        for (auto desc = descriptions_begin; desc != descriptions_end; ++desc) {
          if (first)
            first = false;
          else
            description += combine;
          description += *desc;
        }
        description += " )";
        return description;
      }

    } // namespace Detail
  } // namespace Matchers
} // namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  // This is the general overload that takes a any string matcher
  // There is another overload, in catch_assertionhandler.h/.cpp, that only takes a string and infers
  // the Equals matcher (so the header does not mention matchers)
  void handleExceptionMatchExpr(AssertionHandler &handler, StringMatcher const &matcher) {
    std::string exceptionMessage = Catch::translateActiveException();
    MatchExpr<std::string, StringMatcher const &> expr(CATCH_MOVE(exceptionMessage), matcher);
    handler.handleExpr(expr);
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {

  AutomakeReporter::~AutomakeReporter() = default;

  void AutomakeReporter::testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats const &_testCaseStats) {
    // Possible values to emit are PASS, XFAIL, SKIP, FAIL, XPASS and ERROR.
    m_stream << ":test-result: ";
    if (_testCaseStats.totals.testCases.skipped > 0) {
      m_stream << "SKIP";
    } else if (_testCaseStats.totals.assertions.allPassed()) {
      m_stream << "PASS";
    } else if (_testCaseStats.totals.assertions.allOk()) {
      m_stream << "XFAIL";
    } else {
      m_stream << "FAIL";
    }
    m_stream << ' ' << _testCaseStats.testInfo->name << '\n';
    StreamingReporterBase::testCaseEnded(_testCaseStats);
  }

  void AutomakeReporter::skipTest(TestCaseInfo const &testInfo) {
    m_stream << ":test-result: SKIP " << testInfo.name << '\n';
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  ReporterBase::ReporterBase(ReporterConfig &&config)
      : IEventListener(config.fullConfig()), m_wrapped_stream(CATCH_MOVE(config).takeStream()), m_stream(m_wrapped_stream->stream()), m_colour(makeColourImpl(config.colourMode(), m_wrapped_stream.get())), m_customOptions(config.customOptions()) {}

  ReporterBase::~ReporterBase() = default;

  void ReporterBase::listReporters(
      std::vector<ReporterDescription> const &descriptions) {
    defaultListReporters(m_stream, descriptions, m_config->verbosity());
  }

  void ReporterBase::listListeners(
      std::vector<ListenerDescription> const &descriptions) {
    defaultListListeners(m_stream, descriptions, m_config->verbosity());
  }

  void ReporterBase::listTests(std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &tests) {
    defaultListTests(m_stream,
                     m_colour.get(),
                     tests,
                     m_config->hasTestFilters(),
                     m_config->verbosity());
  }

  void ReporterBase::listTags(std::vector<TagInfo> const &tags) {
    defaultListTags(m_stream, tags, m_config->hasTestFilters(), m_config->verbosity());
  }

} // namespace Catch

#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {
  namespace {

    // Colour::LightGrey
    static constexpr Colour::Code compactDimColour = Colour::FileName;

#ifdef CATCH_PLATFORM_MAC
    static constexpr Catch::StringRef compactFailedString = "FAILED"_sr;
    static constexpr Catch::StringRef compactPassedString = "PASSED"_sr;
#else
    static constexpr Catch::StringRef compactFailedString = "failed"_sr;
    static constexpr Catch::StringRef compactPassedString = "passed"_sr;
#endif

    // Implementation of CompactReporter formatting
    class AssertionPrinter {
    public:
      AssertionPrinter &operator=(AssertionPrinter const &) = delete;
      AssertionPrinter(AssertionPrinter const &) = delete;
      AssertionPrinter(std::ostream &_stream, AssertionStats const &_stats, bool _printInfoMessages, ColourImpl *colourImpl_)
          : stream(_stream)
          , result(_stats.assertionResult)
          , messages(_stats.infoMessages)
          , itMessage(_stats.infoMessages.begin())
          , printInfoMessages(_printInfoMessages)
          , colourImpl(colourImpl_) {}

      void print() {
        printSourceInfo();

        itMessage = messages.begin();

        switch (result.getResultType()) {
          case ResultWas::Ok:
            printResultType(Colour::ResultSuccess, compactPassedString);
            printOriginalExpression();
            printReconstructedExpression();
            if (!result.hasExpression())
              printRemainingMessages(Colour::None);
            else
              printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
            if (result.isOk())
              printResultType(Colour::ResultSuccess, compactFailedString + " - but was ok"_sr);
            else
              printResultType(Colour::Error, compactFailedString);
            printOriginalExpression();
            printReconstructedExpression();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::ThrewException:
            printResultType(Colour::Error, compactFailedString);
            printIssue("unexpected exception with message:");
            printMessage();
            printExpressionWas();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
            printResultType(Colour::Error, compactFailedString);
            printIssue("fatal error condition with message:");
            printMessage();
            printExpressionWas();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
            printResultType(Colour::Error, compactFailedString);
            printIssue("expected exception, got none");
            printExpressionWas();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::Info:
            printResultType(Colour::None, "info"_sr);
            printMessage();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::Warning:
            printResultType(Colour::None, "warning"_sr);
            printMessage();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
            printResultType(Colour::Error, compactFailedString);
            printIssue("explicitly");
            printRemainingMessages(Colour::None);
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExplicitSkip:
            printResultType(Colour::Skip, "skipped"_sr);
            printMessage();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
            // These cases are here to prevent compiler warnings
          case ResultWas::Unknown:
          case ResultWas::FailureBit:
          case ResultWas::Exception:
            printResultType(Colour::Error, "** internal error **");
            break;
        }
      }

    private:
      void printSourceInfo() const {
        stream << colourImpl->guardColour(Colour::FileName)
               << result.getSourceInfo() << ':';
      }

      void printResultType(Colour::Code colour, StringRef passOrFail) const {
        if (!passOrFail.empty()) {
          stream << colourImpl->guardColour(colour) << ' ' << passOrFail;
          stream << ':';
        }
      }

      void printIssue(char const *issue) const {
        stream << ' ' << issue;
      }

      void printExpressionWas() {
        if (result.hasExpression()) {
          stream << ';';
          {
            stream << colourImpl->guardColour(compactDimColour) << " expression was:";
          }
          printOriginalExpression();
        }
      }

      void printOriginalExpression() const {
        if (result.hasExpression()) {
          stream << ' ' << result.getExpression();
        }
      }

      void printReconstructedExpression() const {
        if (result.hasExpandedExpression()) {
          stream << colourImpl->guardColour(compactDimColour) << " for: ";
          stream << result.getExpandedExpression();
        }
      }

      void printMessage() {
        if (itMessage != messages.end()) {
          stream << " '" << itMessage->message << '\'';
          ++itMessage;
        }
      }

      void printRemainingMessages(Colour::Code colour = compactDimColour) {
        if (itMessage == messages.end())
          return;

        const auto itEnd = messages.cend();
        const auto N = static_cast<std::size_t>(itEnd - itMessage);

        stream << colourImpl->guardColour(colour) << " with "
               << pluralise(N, "message"_sr) << ':';

        while (itMessage != itEnd) {
          // If this assertion is a warning ignore any INFO messages
          if (printInfoMessages || itMessage->type != ResultWas::Info) {
            printMessage();
            if (itMessage != itEnd) {
              stream << colourImpl->guardColour(compactDimColour) << " and";
            }
            continue;
          }
          ++itMessage;
        }
      }

    private:
      std::ostream &stream;
      AssertionResult const &result;
      std::vector<MessageInfo> const &messages;
      std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator itMessage;
      bool printInfoMessages;
      ColourImpl *colourImpl;
    };

  } // namespace

  std::string CompactReporter::getDescription() {
    return "Reports test results on a single line, suitable for IDEs";
  }

  void CompactReporter::noMatchingTestCases(StringRef unmatchedSpec) {
    m_stream << "No test cases matched '" << unmatchedSpec << "'\n";
  }

  void CompactReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &) {
    if (m_config->testSpec().hasFilters()) {
      m_stream << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::BrightYellow)
               << "Filters: "
               << m_config->testSpec()
               << '\n';
    }
    m_stream << "RNG seed: " << getSeed() << '\n'
             << std::flush;
  }

  void CompactReporter::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &_assertionStats) {
    AssertionResult const &result = _assertionStats.assertionResult;

    bool printInfoMessages = true;

    // Drop out if result was successful and we're not printing those
    if (!m_config->includeSuccessfulResults() && result.isOk()) {
      if (result.getResultType() != ResultWas::Warning && result.getResultType() != ResultWas::ExplicitSkip)
        return;
      printInfoMessages = false;
    }

    AssertionPrinter printer(m_stream, _assertionStats, printInfoMessages, m_colour.get());
    printer.print();

    m_stream << '\n'
             << std::flush;
  }

  void CompactReporter::sectionEnded(SectionStats const &_sectionStats) {
    double dur = _sectionStats.durationInSeconds;
    if (shouldShowDuration(*m_config, dur)) {
      m_stream << getFormattedDuration(dur) << " s: " << _sectionStats.sectionInfo.name << '\n'
               << std::flush;
    }
  }

  void CompactReporter::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &_testRunStats) {
    printTestRunTotals(m_stream, *m_colour, _testRunStats.totals);
    m_stream << "\n\n"
             << std::flush;
    StreamingReporterBase::testRunEnded(_testRunStats);
  }

  CompactReporter::~CompactReporter() = default;

} // end namespace Catch

#include <cstdio>

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4061) // Not all labels are EXPLICITLY handled in switch
  // Note that 4062 (not all labels are handled and default is missing) is enabled
#endif

#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic push
// For simplicity, benchmarking-only helpers are always enabled
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-function"
#endif

namespace Catch {

  namespace {

    // Formatter impl for ConsoleReporter
    class ConsoleAssertionPrinter {
    public:
      ConsoleAssertionPrinter &operator=(ConsoleAssertionPrinter const &) = delete;
      ConsoleAssertionPrinter(ConsoleAssertionPrinter const &) = delete;
      ConsoleAssertionPrinter(std::ostream &_stream, AssertionStats const &_stats, ColourImpl *colourImpl_, bool _printInfoMessages)
          : stream(_stream), stats(_stats), result(_stats.assertionResult), colour(Colour::None), messages(_stats.infoMessages), colourImpl(colourImpl_), printInfoMessages(_printInfoMessages) {
        switch (result.getResultType()) {
          case ResultWas::Ok:
            colour = Colour::Success;
            passOrFail = "PASSED"_sr;
            // if( result.hasMessage() )
            if (messages.size() == 1)
              messageLabel = "with message"_sr;
            if (messages.size() > 1)
              messageLabel = "with messages"_sr;
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
            if (result.isOk()) {
              colour = Colour::Success;
              passOrFail = "FAILED - but was ok"_sr;
            } else {
              colour = Colour::Error;
              passOrFail = "FAILED"_sr;
            }
            if (messages.size() == 1)
              messageLabel = "with message"_sr;
            if (messages.size() > 1)
              messageLabel = "with messages"_sr;
            break;
          case ResultWas::ThrewException:
            colour = Colour::Error;
            passOrFail = "FAILED"_sr;
            // todo switch
            switch (messages.size()) {
              case 0:
                messageLabel = "due to unexpected exception with "_sr;
                break;
              case 1:
                messageLabel = "due to unexpected exception with message"_sr;
                break;
              default:
                messageLabel = "due to unexpected exception with messages"_sr;
                break;
            }
            break;
          case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
            colour = Colour::Error;
            passOrFail = "FAILED"_sr;
            messageLabel = "due to a fatal error condition"_sr;
            break;
          case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
            colour = Colour::Error;
            passOrFail = "FAILED"_sr;
            messageLabel = "because no exception was thrown where one was expected"_sr;
            break;
          case ResultWas::Info:
            messageLabel = "info"_sr;
            break;
          case ResultWas::Warning:
            messageLabel = "warning"_sr;
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
            passOrFail = "FAILED"_sr;
            colour = Colour::Error;
            if (messages.size() == 1)
              messageLabel = "explicitly with message"_sr;
            if (messages.size() > 1)
              messageLabel = "explicitly with messages"_sr;
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExplicitSkip:
            colour = Colour::Skip;
            passOrFail = "SKIPPED"_sr;
            if (messages.size() == 1)
              messageLabel = "explicitly with message"_sr;
            if (messages.size() > 1)
              messageLabel = "explicitly with messages"_sr;
            break;
            // These cases are here to prevent compiler warnings
          case ResultWas::Unknown:
          case ResultWas::FailureBit:
          case ResultWas::Exception:
            passOrFail = "** internal error **"_sr;
            colour = Colour::Error;
            break;
        }
      }

      void print() const {
        printSourceInfo();
        if (stats.totals.assertions.total() > 0) {
          printResultType();
          printOriginalExpression();
          printReconstructedExpression();
        } else {
          stream << '\n';
        }
        printMessage();
      }

    private:
      void printResultType() const {
        if (!passOrFail.empty()) {
          stream << colourImpl->guardColour(colour) << passOrFail << ":\n";
        }
      }
      void printOriginalExpression() const {
        if (result.hasExpression()) {
          stream << colourImpl->guardColour(Colour::OriginalExpression)
                 << "  " << result.getExpressionInMacro() << '\n';
        }
      }
      void printReconstructedExpression() const {
        if (result.hasExpandedExpression()) {
          stream << "with expansion:\n";
          stream << colourImpl->guardColour(Colour::ReconstructedExpression)
                 << TextFlow::Column(result.getExpandedExpression())
                        .indent(2)
                 << '\n';
        }
      }
      void printMessage() const {
        if (!messageLabel.empty())
          stream << messageLabel << ':' << '\n';
        for (auto const &msg : messages) {
          // If this assertion is a warning ignore any INFO messages
          if (printInfoMessages || msg.type != ResultWas::Info)
            stream << TextFlow::Column(msg.message).indent(2) << '\n';
        }
      }
      void printSourceInfo() const {
        stream << colourImpl->guardColour(Colour::FileName)
               << result.getSourceInfo() << ": ";
      }

      std::ostream &stream;
      AssertionStats const &stats;
      AssertionResult const &result;
      Colour::Code colour;
      StringRef passOrFail;
      StringRef messageLabel;
      std::vector<MessageInfo> const &messages;
      ColourImpl *colourImpl;
      bool printInfoMessages;
    };

    std::size_t makeRatio(std::uint64_t number, std::uint64_t total) {
      const auto ratio = total > 0 ? CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH * number / total : 0;
      return (ratio == 0 && number > 0) ? 1 : static_cast<std::size_t>(ratio);
    }

    std::size_t &
    findMax(std::size_t &i, std::size_t &j, std::size_t &k, std::size_t &l) {
      if (i > j && i > k && i > l)
        return i;
      else if (j > k && j > l)
        return j;
      else if (k > l)
        return k;
      else
        return l;
    }

    struct ColumnBreak {};
    struct RowBreak {};
    struct OutputFlush {};

    class Duration {
      enum class Unit : uint8_t {
        Auto,
        Nanoseconds,
        Microseconds,
        Milliseconds,
        Seconds,
        Minutes
      };
      static const uint64_t s_nanosecondsInAMicrosecond = 1000;
      static const uint64_t s_nanosecondsInAMillisecond = 1000 * s_nanosecondsInAMicrosecond;
      static const uint64_t s_nanosecondsInASecond = 1000 * s_nanosecondsInAMillisecond;
      static const uint64_t s_nanosecondsInAMinute = 60 * s_nanosecondsInASecond;

      double m_inNanoseconds;
      Unit m_units;

    public:
      explicit Duration(double inNanoseconds, Unit units = Unit::Auto)
          : m_inNanoseconds(inNanoseconds), m_units(units) {
        if (m_units == Unit::Auto) {
          if (m_inNanoseconds < s_nanosecondsInAMicrosecond)
            m_units = Unit::Nanoseconds;
          else if (m_inNanoseconds < s_nanosecondsInAMillisecond)
            m_units = Unit::Microseconds;
          else if (m_inNanoseconds < s_nanosecondsInASecond)
            m_units = Unit::Milliseconds;
          else if (m_inNanoseconds < s_nanosecondsInAMinute)
            m_units = Unit::Seconds;
          else
            m_units = Unit::Minutes;
        }
      }

      auto value() const -> double {
        switch (m_units) {
          case Unit::Microseconds:
            return m_inNanoseconds / static_cast<double>(s_nanosecondsInAMicrosecond);
          case Unit::Milliseconds:
            return m_inNanoseconds / static_cast<double>(s_nanosecondsInAMillisecond);
          case Unit::Seconds:
            return m_inNanoseconds / static_cast<double>(s_nanosecondsInASecond);
          case Unit::Minutes:
            return m_inNanoseconds / static_cast<double>(s_nanosecondsInAMinute);
          default:
            return m_inNanoseconds;
        }
      }
      StringRef unitsAsString() const {
        switch (m_units) {
          case Unit::Nanoseconds:
            return "ns"_sr;
          case Unit::Microseconds:
            return "us"_sr;
          case Unit::Milliseconds:
            return "ms"_sr;
          case Unit::Seconds:
            return "s"_sr;
          case Unit::Minutes:
            return "m"_sr;
          default:
            return "** internal error **"_sr;
        }
      }
      friend auto operator<<(std::ostream &os, Duration const &duration) -> std::ostream & {
        return os << duration.value() << ' ' << duration.unitsAsString();
      }
    };
  } // namespace

  enum class Justification : uint8_t {
    Left,
    Right
  };

  struct ColumnInfo {
    std::string name;
    std::size_t width;
    Justification justification;
  };

  class TablePrinter {
    std::ostream &m_os;
    std::vector<ColumnInfo> m_columnInfos;
    ReusableStringStream m_oss;
    int m_currentColumn = -1;
    bool m_isOpen = false;

  public:
    TablePrinter(std::ostream &os, std::vector<ColumnInfo> columnInfos)
        : m_os(os), m_columnInfos(CATCH_MOVE(columnInfos)) {}

    auto columnInfos() const -> std::vector<ColumnInfo> const & {
      return m_columnInfos;
    }

    void open() {
      if (!m_isOpen) {
        m_isOpen = true;
        *this << RowBreak();

        TextFlow::Columns headerCols;
        for (auto const &info : m_columnInfos) {
          assert(info.width > 2);
          headerCols += TextFlow::Column(info.name).width(info.width - 2);
          headerCols += TextFlow::Spacer(2);
        }
        m_os << headerCols << '\n';

        m_os << lineOfChars('-') << '\n';
      }
    }
    void close() {
      if (m_isOpen) {
        *this << RowBreak();
        m_os << '\n'
             << std::flush;
        m_isOpen = false;
      }
    }

    template<typename T>
    friend TablePrinter &operator<<(TablePrinter &tp, T const &value) {
      tp.m_oss << value;
      return tp;
    }

    friend TablePrinter &operator<<(TablePrinter &tp, ColumnBreak) {
      auto colStr = tp.m_oss.str();
      const auto strSize = colStr.size();
      tp.m_oss.str("");
      tp.open();
      if (tp.m_currentColumn == static_cast<int>(tp.m_columnInfos.size() - 1)) {
        tp.m_currentColumn = -1;
        tp.m_os << '\n';
      }
      tp.m_currentColumn++;

      auto colInfo = tp.m_columnInfos[tp.m_currentColumn];
      auto padding = (strSize + 1 < colInfo.width)
          ? std::string(colInfo.width - (strSize + 1), ' ')
          : std::string();
      if (colInfo.justification == Justification::Left)
        tp.m_os << colStr << padding << ' ';
      else
        tp.m_os << padding << colStr << ' ';
      return tp;
    }

    friend TablePrinter &operator<<(TablePrinter &tp, RowBreak) {
      if (tp.m_currentColumn > 0) {
        tp.m_os << '\n';
        tp.m_currentColumn = -1;
      }
      return tp;
    }

    friend TablePrinter &operator<<(TablePrinter &tp, OutputFlush) {
      tp.m_os << std::flush;
      return tp;
    }
  };

  ConsoleReporter::ConsoleReporter(ReporterConfig &&config)
      : StreamingReporterBase(CATCH_MOVE(config)), m_tablePrinter(Detail::make_unique<TablePrinter>(m_stream, [&config]() -> std::vector<ColumnInfo> {
        if (config.fullConfig()->benchmarkNoAnalysis()) {
          return {
              {"benchmark name", CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - 43, Justification::Left},
              {"     samples", 14, Justification::Right},
              {"  iterations", 14, Justification::Right},
              {"        mean", 14, Justification::Right}};
        } else {
          return {
              {"benchmark name", CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - 43, Justification::Left},
              {"samples      mean       std dev", 14, Justification::Right},
              {"iterations   low mean   low std dev", 14, Justification::Right},
              {"est run time high mean  high std dev", 14, Justification::Right}};
        }
      }())) {
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertionStarts = false;
  }

  ConsoleReporter::~ConsoleReporter() = default;

  std::string ConsoleReporter::getDescription() {
    return "Reports test results as plain lines of text";
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::noMatchingTestCases(StringRef unmatchedSpec) {
    m_stream << "No test cases matched '" << unmatchedSpec << "'\n";
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::reportInvalidTestSpec(StringRef arg) {
    m_stream << "Invalid Filter: " << arg << '\n';
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &_assertionStats) {
    AssertionResult const &result = _assertionStats.assertionResult;

    bool includeResults = m_config->includeSuccessfulResults() || !result.isOk();

    // Drop out if result was successful but we're not printing them.
    // TODO: Make configurable whether skips should be printed
    if (!includeResults && result.getResultType() != ResultWas::Warning && result.getResultType() != ResultWas::ExplicitSkip)
      return;

    lazyPrint();

    ConsoleAssertionPrinter printer(m_stream, _assertionStats, m_colour.get(), includeResults);
    printer.print();
    m_stream << '\n'
             << std::flush;
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::sectionStarting(SectionInfo const &_sectionInfo) {
    m_tablePrinter->close();
    m_headerPrinted = false;
    StreamingReporterBase::sectionStarting(_sectionInfo);
  }
  void ConsoleReporter::sectionEnded(SectionStats const &_sectionStats) {
    m_tablePrinter->close();
    if (_sectionStats.missingAssertions) {
      lazyPrint();
      auto guard = m_colour->guardColour(Colour::ResultError).engage(m_stream);
      if (m_sectionStack.size() > 1)
        m_stream << "\nNo assertions in section";
      else
        m_stream << "\nNo assertions in test case";
      m_stream << " '" << _sectionStats.sectionInfo.name << "'\n\n"
               << std::flush;
    }
    double dur = _sectionStats.durationInSeconds;
    if (shouldShowDuration(*m_config, dur)) {
      m_stream << getFormattedDuration(dur) << " s: " << _sectionStats.sectionInfo.name << '\n'
               << std::flush;
    }
    if (m_headerPrinted) {
      m_headerPrinted = false;
    }
    StreamingReporterBase::sectionEnded(_sectionStats);
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::benchmarkPreparing(StringRef name) {
    lazyPrintWithoutClosingBenchmarkTable();

    auto nameCol = TextFlow::Column(static_cast<std::string>(name))
                       .width(m_tablePrinter->columnInfos()[0].width - 2);

    bool firstLine = true;
    for (auto line : nameCol) {
      if (!firstLine)
        (*m_tablePrinter) << ColumnBreak() << ColumnBreak() << ColumnBreak();
      else
        firstLine = false;

      (*m_tablePrinter) << line << ColumnBreak();
    }
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::benchmarkStarting(BenchmarkInfo const &info) {
    (*m_tablePrinter) << info.samples << ColumnBreak()
                      << info.iterations << ColumnBreak();
    if (!m_config->benchmarkNoAnalysis()) {
      (*m_tablePrinter)
          << Duration(info.estimatedDuration) << ColumnBreak();
    }
    (*m_tablePrinter) << OutputFlush{};
  }
  void ConsoleReporter::benchmarkEnded(BenchmarkStats<> const &stats) {
    if (m_config->benchmarkNoAnalysis()) {
      (*m_tablePrinter) << Duration(stats.mean.point.count()) << ColumnBreak();
    } else {
      (*m_tablePrinter) << ColumnBreak()
                        << Duration(stats.mean.point.count()) << ColumnBreak()
                        << Duration(stats.mean.lower_bound.count()) << ColumnBreak()
                        << Duration(stats.mean.upper_bound.count()) << ColumnBreak() << ColumnBreak()
                        << Duration(stats.standardDeviation.point.count()) << ColumnBreak()
                        << Duration(stats.standardDeviation.lower_bound.count()) << ColumnBreak()
                        << Duration(stats.standardDeviation.upper_bound.count()) << ColumnBreak() << ColumnBreak() << ColumnBreak() << ColumnBreak() << ColumnBreak();
    }
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::benchmarkFailed(StringRef error) {
    auto guard = m_colour->guardColour(Colour::Red).engage(m_stream);
    (*m_tablePrinter)
        << "Benchmark failed (" << error << ')'
        << ColumnBreak() << RowBreak();
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats const &_testCaseStats) {
    m_tablePrinter->close();
    StreamingReporterBase::testCaseEnded(_testCaseStats);
    m_headerPrinted = false;
  }
  void ConsoleReporter::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &_testRunStats) {
    printTotalsDivider(_testRunStats.totals);
    printTestRunTotals(m_stream, *m_colour, _testRunStats.totals);
    m_stream << '\n'
             << std::flush;
    StreamingReporterBase::testRunEnded(_testRunStats);
  }
  void ConsoleReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &_testRunInfo) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testRunStarting(_testRunInfo);
    if (m_config->testSpec().hasFilters()) {
      m_stream << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::BrightYellow) << "Filters: "
               << m_config->testSpec() << '\n';
    }
    m_stream << "Randomness seeded to: " << getSeed() << '\n'
             << std::flush;
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::lazyPrint() {
    m_tablePrinter->close();
    lazyPrintWithoutClosingBenchmarkTable();
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::lazyPrintWithoutClosingBenchmarkTable() {
    if (!m_testRunInfoPrinted) {
      lazyPrintRunInfo();
    }
    if (!m_headerPrinted) {
      printTestCaseAndSectionHeader();
      m_headerPrinted = true;
    }
  }
  void ConsoleReporter::lazyPrintRunInfo() {
    m_stream << '\n'
             << lineOfChars('~') << '\n'
             << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::SecondaryText)
             << currentTestRunInfo.name << " is a Catch2 v" << libraryVersion()
             << " host application.\n"
             << "Run with -? for options\n\n";

    m_testRunInfoPrinted = true;
  }
  void ConsoleReporter::printTestCaseAndSectionHeader() {
    assert(!m_sectionStack.empty());
    printOpenHeader(currentTestCaseInfo->name);

    if (m_sectionStack.size() > 1) {
      auto guard = m_colour->guardColour(Colour::Headers).engage(m_stream);

      auto
          it
          = m_sectionStack.begin() + 1, // Skip first section (test case)
          itEnd = m_sectionStack.end();
      for (; it != itEnd; ++it)
        printHeaderString(it->name, 2);
    }

    SourceLineInfo lineInfo = m_sectionStack.back().lineInfo;

    m_stream << lineOfChars('-') << '\n'
             << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::FileName) << lineInfo << '\n'
             << lineOfChars('.') << "\n\n"
             << std::flush;
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::printClosedHeader(std::string const &_name) {
    printOpenHeader(_name);
    m_stream << lineOfChars('.') << '\n';
  }
  void ConsoleReporter::printOpenHeader(std::string const &_name) {
    m_stream << lineOfChars('-') << '\n';
    {
      auto guard = m_colour->guardColour(Colour::Headers).engage(m_stream);
      printHeaderString(_name);
    }
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::printHeaderString(std::string const &_string, std::size_t indent) {
    // We want to get a bit fancy with line breaking here, so that subsequent
    // lines start after ":" if one is present, e.g.
    // ```
    // blablabla: Fancy
    //            linebreaking
    // ```
    // but we also want to avoid problems with overly long indentation causing
    // the text to take up too many lines, e.g.
    // ```
    // blablabla: F
    //            a
    //            n
    //            c
    //            y
    //            .
    //            .
    //            .
    // ```
    // So we limit the prefix indentation check to first quarter of the possible
    // width
    std::size_t idx = _string.find(": ");
    if (idx != std::string::npos && idx < CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH / 4) {
      idx += 2;
    } else {
      idx = 0;
    }
    m_stream << TextFlow::Column(_string)
                    .indent(indent + idx)
                    .initialIndent(indent)
             << '\n';
  }

  void ConsoleReporter::printTotalsDivider(Totals const &totals) {
    if (totals.testCases.total() > 0) {
      std::size_t failedRatio = makeRatio(totals.testCases.failed, totals.testCases.total());
      std::size_t failedButOkRatio = makeRatio(totals.testCases.failedButOk, totals.testCases.total());
      std::size_t passedRatio = makeRatio(totals.testCases.passed, totals.testCases.total());
      std::size_t skippedRatio = makeRatio(totals.testCases.skipped, totals.testCases.total());
      while (failedRatio + failedButOkRatio + passedRatio + skippedRatio < CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - 1)
        findMax(failedRatio, failedButOkRatio, passedRatio, skippedRatio)++;
      while (failedRatio + failedButOkRatio + passedRatio > CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - 1)
        findMax(failedRatio, failedButOkRatio, passedRatio, skippedRatio)--;

      m_stream << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::Error)
               << std::string(failedRatio, '=')
               << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::ResultExpectedFailure)
               << std::string(failedButOkRatio, '=');
      if (totals.testCases.allPassed()) {
        m_stream << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::ResultSuccess)
                 << std::string(passedRatio, '=');
      } else {
        m_stream << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::Success)
                 << std::string(passedRatio, '=');
      }
      m_stream << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::Skip)
               << std::string(skippedRatio, '=');
    } else {
      m_stream << m_colour->guardColour(Colour::Warning)
               << std::string(CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - 1, '=');
    }
    m_stream << '\n';
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif

#if defined(__clang__)
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
#endif

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>

namespace Catch {
  namespace {
    struct BySectionInfo {
      BySectionInfo(SectionInfo const &other)
          : m_other(other) {}
      BySectionInfo(BySectionInfo const &other) = default;
      bool operator()(
          Detail::unique_ptr<CumulativeReporterBase::SectionNode> const &
              node) const {
        return (
            (node->stats.sectionInfo.name == m_other.name) && (node->stats.sectionInfo.lineInfo == m_other.lineInfo));
      }
      void operator=(BySectionInfo const &) = delete;

    private:
      SectionInfo const &m_other;
    };

  } // namespace

  namespace Detail {
    AssertionOrBenchmarkResult::AssertionOrBenchmarkResult(
        AssertionStats const &assertion)
        : m_assertion(assertion) {}

    AssertionOrBenchmarkResult::AssertionOrBenchmarkResult(
        BenchmarkStats<> const &benchmark)
        : m_benchmark(benchmark) {}

    bool AssertionOrBenchmarkResult::isAssertion() const {
      return m_assertion.some();
    }
    bool AssertionOrBenchmarkResult::isBenchmark() const {
      return m_benchmark.some();
    }

    AssertionStats const &AssertionOrBenchmarkResult::asAssertion() const {
      assert(m_assertion.some());

      return *m_assertion;
    }
    BenchmarkStats<> const &AssertionOrBenchmarkResult::asBenchmark() const {
      assert(m_benchmark.some());

      return *m_benchmark;
    }

  } // namespace Detail

  CumulativeReporterBase::~CumulativeReporterBase() = default;

  void CumulativeReporterBase::benchmarkEnded(BenchmarkStats<> const &benchmarkStats) {
    m_sectionStack.back()->assertionsAndBenchmarks.emplace_back(benchmarkStats);
  }

  void
  CumulativeReporterBase::sectionStarting(SectionInfo const &sectionInfo) {
    // We need a copy, because SectionStats expect to take ownership
    SectionStats incompleteStats(SectionInfo(sectionInfo), Counts(), 0, false);
    SectionNode *node;
    if (m_sectionStack.empty()) {
      if (!m_rootSection) {
        m_rootSection = Detail::make_unique<SectionNode>(incompleteStats);
      }
      node = m_rootSection.get();
    } else {
      SectionNode &parentNode = *m_sectionStack.back();
      auto it = std::find_if(parentNode.childSections.begin(),
                             parentNode.childSections.end(),
                             BySectionInfo(sectionInfo));
      if (it == parentNode.childSections.end()) {
        auto newNode = Detail::make_unique<SectionNode>(incompleteStats);
        node = newNode.get();
        parentNode.childSections.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(newNode));
      } else {
        node = it->get();
      }
    }

    m_deepestSection = node;
    m_sectionStack.push_back(node);
  }

  void CumulativeReporterBase::assertionEnded(
      AssertionStats const &assertionStats) {
    assert(!m_sectionStack.empty());
    // AssertionResult holds a pointer to a temporary DecomposedExpression,
    // which getExpandedExpression() calls to build the expression string.
    // Our section stack copy of the assertionResult will likely outlive the
    // temporary, so it must be expanded or discarded now to avoid calling
    // a destroyed object later.
    if (m_shouldStoreFailedAssertions && !assertionStats.assertionResult.isOk()) {
      static_cast<void>(
          assertionStats.assertionResult.getExpandedExpression());
    }
    if (m_shouldStoreSuccesfulAssertions && assertionStats.assertionResult.isOk()) {
      static_cast<void>(
          assertionStats.assertionResult.getExpandedExpression());
    }
    SectionNode &sectionNode = *m_sectionStack.back();
    sectionNode.assertionsAndBenchmarks.emplace_back(assertionStats);
  }

  void CumulativeReporterBase::sectionEnded(SectionStats const &sectionStats) {
    assert(!m_sectionStack.empty());
    SectionNode &node = *m_sectionStack.back();
    node.stats = sectionStats;
    m_sectionStack.pop_back();
  }

  void CumulativeReporterBase::testCaseEnded(
      TestCaseStats const &testCaseStats) {
    auto node = Detail::make_unique<TestCaseNode>(testCaseStats);
    assert(m_sectionStack.size() == 0);
    node->children.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(m_rootSection));
    m_testCases.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(node));

    assert(m_deepestSection);
    m_deepestSection->stdOut = testCaseStats.stdOut;
    m_deepestSection->stdErr = testCaseStats.stdErr;
  }

  void CumulativeReporterBase::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &testRunStats) {
    assert(!m_testRun && "CumulativeReporterBase assumes there can only be one test run");
    m_testRun = Detail::make_unique<TestRunNode>(testRunStats);
    m_testRun->children.swap(m_testCases);
    testRunEndedCumulative();
  }

  bool CumulativeReporterBase::SectionNode::hasAnyAssertions() const {
    return std::any_of(
        assertionsAndBenchmarks.begin(),
        assertionsAndBenchmarks.end(),
        [](Detail::AssertionOrBenchmarkResult const &res) {
          return res.isAssertion();
        });
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  void EventListenerBase::fatalErrorEncountered(StringRef) {}

  void EventListenerBase::benchmarkPreparing(StringRef) {}
  void EventListenerBase::benchmarkStarting(BenchmarkInfo const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::benchmarkEnded(BenchmarkStats<> const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::benchmarkFailed(StringRef) {}

  void EventListenerBase::assertionStarting(AssertionInfo const &) {}

  void EventListenerBase::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::listReporters(
      std::vector<ReporterDescription> const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::listListeners(
      std::vector<ListenerDescription> const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::listTests(std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::listTags(std::vector<TagInfo> const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::noMatchingTestCases(StringRef) {}
  void EventListenerBase::reportInvalidTestSpec(StringRef) {}
  void EventListenerBase::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::testCaseStarting(TestCaseInfo const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::testCasePartialStarting(TestCaseInfo const &, uint64_t) {}
  void EventListenerBase::sectionStarting(SectionInfo const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::sectionEnded(SectionStats const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::testCasePartialEnded(TestCaseStats const &, uint64_t) {}
  void EventListenerBase::testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &) {}
  void EventListenerBase::skipTest(TestCaseInfo const &) {}
} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <cfloat>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <iomanip>
#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    void listTestNamesOnly(std::ostream &out,
                           std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &tests) {
      for (auto const &test : tests) {
        auto const &testCaseInfo = test.getTestCaseInfo();

        if (startsWith(testCaseInfo.name, '#')) {
          out << '"' << testCaseInfo.name << '"';
        } else {
          out << testCaseInfo.name;
        }

        out << '\n';
      }
      out << std::flush;
    }
  } // end unnamed namespace

  // Because formatting using c++ streams is stateful, drop down to C is
  // required Alternatively we could use stringstream, but its performance
  // is... not good.
  std::string getFormattedDuration(double duration) {
    // Max exponent + 1 is required to represent the whole part
    // + 1 for decimal point
    // + 3 for the 3 decimal places
    // + 1 for null terminator
    const std::size_t maxDoubleSize = DBL_MAX_10_EXP + 1 + 1 + 3 + 1;
    char buffer[maxDoubleSize];

    // Save previous errno, to prevent sprintf from overwriting it
    ErrnoGuard guard;
#ifdef _MSC_VER
    size_t printedLength = static_cast<size_t>(
        sprintf_s(buffer, "%.3f", duration));
#else
    size_t printedLength = static_cast<size_t>(
        std::snprintf(buffer, maxDoubleSize, "%.3f", duration));
#endif
    return std::string(buffer, printedLength);
  }

  bool shouldShowDuration(IConfig const &config, double duration) {
    if (config.showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always) {
      return true;
    }
    if (config.showDurations() == ShowDurations::Never) {
      return false;
    }
    const double min = config.minDuration();
    return min >= 0 && duration >= min;
  }

  std::string serializeFilters(std::vector<std::string> const &filters) {
    // We add a ' ' separator between each filter
    size_t serialized_size = filters.size() - 1;
    for (auto const &filter : filters) {
      serialized_size += filter.size();
    }

    std::string serialized;
    serialized.reserve(serialized_size);
    bool first = true;

    for (auto const &filter : filters) {
      if (!first) {
        serialized.push_back(' ');
      }
      first = false;
      serialized.append(filter);
    }

    return serialized;
  }

  std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, lineOfChars value) {
    for (size_t idx = 0; idx < CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - 1; ++idx) {
      out.put(value.c);
    }
    return out;
  }

  void
  defaultListReporters(std::ostream &out,
                       std::vector<ReporterDescription> const &descriptions,
                       Verbosity verbosity) {
    out << "Available reporters:\n";
    const auto maxNameLen = std::max_element(descriptions.begin(),
                                             descriptions.end(),
                                             [](ReporterDescription const &lhs,
                                                ReporterDescription const &rhs) {
                                               return lhs.name.size() < rhs.name.size();
                                             })
                                ->name.size();

    for (auto const &desc : descriptions) {
      if (verbosity == Verbosity::Quiet) {
        out << TextFlow::Column(desc.name)
                   .indent(2)
                   .width(5 + maxNameLen)
            << '\n';
      } else {
        out << TextFlow::Column(desc.name + ':')
                    .indent(2)
                    .width(5 + maxNameLen)
                + TextFlow::Column(desc.description)
                      .initialIndent(0)
                      .indent(2)
                      .width(CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - maxNameLen - 8)
            << '\n';
      }
    }
    out << '\n'
        << std::flush;
  }

  void defaultListListeners(std::ostream &out,
                            std::vector<ListenerDescription> const &descriptions,
                            Verbosity verbosity) {
    if (verbosity == Verbosity::Quiet) {
      for (auto const &desc : descriptions) {
        out << desc.name << '\n';
      }
      return;
    }

    out << "Registered listeners:\n";

    if (descriptions.empty()) {
      return;
    }

    const auto maxNameLen = std::max_element(descriptions.begin(),
                                             descriptions.end(),
                                             [](ListenerDescription const &lhs,
                                                ListenerDescription const &rhs) {
                                               return lhs.name.size() < rhs.name.size();
                                             })
                                ->name.size();

    for (auto const &desc : descriptions) {
      out << TextFlow::Column(static_cast<std::string>(desc.name) + ':')
                  .indent(2)
                  .width(maxNameLen + 5)
              + TextFlow::Column(desc.description)
                    .initialIndent(0)
                    .indent(2)
                    .width(CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - maxNameLen - 8)
          << '\n';
    }

    out << '\n'
        << std::flush;
  }

  void defaultListTags(std::ostream &out,
                       std::vector<TagInfo> const &tags,
                       bool isFiltered,
                       Verbosity verbosity) {
    if (verbosity == Verbosity::Quiet) {
      for (auto const &tagCount : tags) {
        out << tagCount.all() << '\n';
      }
      return;
    }
    if (isFiltered) {
      out << "Tags for matching test cases:\n";
    } else {
      out << "All available tags:\n";
    }

    // minimum whitespace to pad tag counts, possibly overwritten below
    size_t maxTagCountLen = 2;

    // determine necessary padding for tag count column
    if (!tags.empty()) {
      const auto maxTagCount = std::max_element(tags.begin(),
                                                tags.end(),
                                                [](auto const &lhs, auto const &rhs) {
                                                  return lhs.count < rhs.count;
                                                })
                                   ->count;

      // more padding necessary for 3+ digits
      if (maxTagCount >= 100) {
        auto numDigits = 1 + std::floor(std::log10(maxTagCount));
        maxTagCountLen = static_cast<size_t>(numDigits);
      }
    }

    for (auto const &tagCount : tags) {
      ReusableStringStream rss;
      rss << "  " << std::setw(maxTagCountLen) << tagCount.count << "  ";
      auto str = rss.str();
      auto wrapper = TextFlow::Column(tagCount.all())
                         .initialIndent(0)
                         .indent(str.size())
                         .width(CATCH_CONFIG_CONSOLE_WIDTH - 10);
      out << str << wrapper << '\n';
    }
    out << pluralise(tags.size(), "tag"_sr) << "\n\n"
        << std::flush;
  }

  void defaultListTests(std::ostream &out, ColourImpl *streamColour, std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &tests, bool isFiltered, Verbosity verbosity) {
    // We special case this to provide the equivalent of old
    // `--list-test-names-only`, which could then be used by the
    // `--input-file` option.
    if (verbosity == Verbosity::Quiet) {
      listTestNamesOnly(out, tests);
      return;
    }

    if (isFiltered) {
      out << "Matching test cases:\n";
    } else {
      out << "All available test cases:\n";
    }

    for (auto const &test : tests) {
      auto const &testCaseInfo = test.getTestCaseInfo();
      Colour::Code colour = testCaseInfo.isHidden()
          ? Colour::SecondaryText
          : Colour::None;
      auto colourGuard = streamColour->guardColour(colour).engage(out);

      out << TextFlow::Column(testCaseInfo.name).indent(2) << '\n';
      if (verbosity >= Verbosity::High) {
        out << TextFlow::Column(Catch::Detail::stringify(testCaseInfo.lineInfo)).indent(4) << '\n';
      }
      if (!testCaseInfo.tags.empty() && verbosity > Verbosity::Quiet) {
        out << TextFlow::Column(testCaseInfo.tagsAsString()).indent(6) << '\n';
      }
    }

    if (isFiltered) {
      out << pluralise(tests.size(), "matching test case"_sr);
    } else {
      out << pluralise(tests.size(), "test case"_sr);
    }
    out << "\n\n"
        << std::flush;
  }

  namespace {
    class SummaryColumn {
    public:
      SummaryColumn(std::string suffix, Colour::Code colour)
          : m_suffix(CATCH_MOVE(suffix)), m_colour(colour) {}

      SummaryColumn &&addRow(std::uint64_t count) && {
        std::string row = std::to_string(count);
        auto const new_width = std::max(m_width, row.size());
        if (new_width > m_width) {
          for (auto &oldRow : m_rows) {
            oldRow.insert(0, new_width - m_width, ' ');
          }
        } else {
          row.insert(0, m_width - row.size(), ' ');
        }
        m_width = new_width;
        m_rows.push_back(row);
        return std::move(*this);
      }

      std::string const &getSuffix() const { return m_suffix; }
      Colour::Code getColour() const { return m_colour; }
      std::string const &getRow(std::size_t index) const {
        return m_rows[index];
      }

    private:
      std::string m_suffix;
      Colour::Code m_colour;
      std::size_t m_width = 0;
      std::vector<std::string> m_rows;
    };

    void printSummaryRow(std::ostream &stream,
                         ColourImpl &colour,
                         StringRef label,
                         std::vector<SummaryColumn> const &cols,
                         std::size_t row) {
      for (auto const &col : cols) {
        auto const &value = col.getRow(row);
        auto const &suffix = col.getSuffix();
        if (suffix.empty()) {
          stream << label << ": ";
          if (value != "0") {
            stream << value;
          } else {
            stream << colour.guardColour(Colour::Warning)
                   << "- none -";
          }
        } else if (value != "0") {
          stream << colour.guardColour(Colour::LightGrey) << " | "
                 << colour.guardColour(col.getColour()) << value
                 << ' ' << suffix;
        }
      }
      stream << '\n';
    }
  } // namespace

  void printTestRunTotals(std::ostream &stream,
                          ColourImpl &streamColour,
                          Totals const &totals) {
    if (totals.testCases.total() == 0) {
      stream << streamColour.guardColour(Colour::Warning)
             << "No tests ran\n";
      return;
    }

    if (totals.assertions.total() > 0 && totals.testCases.allPassed()) {
      stream << streamColour.guardColour(Colour::ResultSuccess)
             << "All tests passed";
      stream << " ("
             << pluralise(totals.assertions.passed, "assertion"_sr)
             << " in "
             << pluralise(totals.testCases.passed, "test case"_sr)
             << ')' << '\n';
      return;
    }

    std::vector<SummaryColumn> columns;
    // Don't include "skipped assertions" in total count
    const auto totalAssertionCount = totals.assertions.total() - totals.assertions.skipped;
    columns.push_back(SummaryColumn("", Colour::None)
                          .addRow(totals.testCases.total())
                          .addRow(totalAssertionCount));
    columns.push_back(SummaryColumn("passed", Colour::Success)
                          .addRow(totals.testCases.passed)
                          .addRow(totals.assertions.passed));
    columns.push_back(SummaryColumn("failed", Colour::ResultError)
                          .addRow(totals.testCases.failed)
                          .addRow(totals.assertions.failed));
    columns.push_back(SummaryColumn("skipped", Colour::Skip)
                          .addRow(totals.testCases.skipped)
                          // Don't print "skipped assertions"
                          .addRow(0));
    columns.push_back(
        SummaryColumn("failed as expected", Colour::ResultExpectedFailure)
            .addRow(totals.testCases.failedButOk)
            .addRow(totals.assertions.failedButOk));
    printSummaryRow(stream, streamColour, "test cases"_sr, columns, 0);
    printSummaryRow(stream, streamColour, "assertions"_sr, columns, 1);
  }

} // namespace Catch

//

namespace Catch {
  namespace {
    void writeSourceInfo(JsonObjectWriter &writer,
                         SourceLineInfo const &sourceInfo) {
      auto source_location_writer = writer.write("source-location"_sr).writeObject();
      source_location_writer.write("filename"_sr)
          .write(sourceInfo.file);
      source_location_writer.write("line"_sr).write(sourceInfo.line);
    }

    void writeTags(JsonArrayWriter writer, std::vector<Tag> const &tags) {
      for (auto const &tag : tags) {
        writer.write(tag.original);
      }
    }

    void writeProperties(JsonArrayWriter writer,
                         TestCaseInfo const &info) {
      if (info.isHidden()) { writer.write("is-hidden"_sr); }
      if (info.okToFail()) { writer.write("ok-to-fail"_sr); }
      if (info.expectedToFail()) {
        writer.write("expected-to-fail"_sr);
      }
      if (info.throws()) { writer.write("throws"_sr); }
    }

  } // namespace

  JsonReporter::JsonReporter(ReporterConfig &&config)
      : StreamingReporterBase{CATCH_MOVE(config)} {
    m_preferences.shouldRedirectStdOut = true;
    // TBD: Do we want to report all assertions? XML reporter does
    //      not, but for machine-parseable reporters I think the answer
    //      should be yes.
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertions = true;
    // We only handle assertions when they end
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertionStarts = false;

    m_objectWriters.emplace(m_stream);
    m_writers.emplace(Writer::Object);
    auto &writer = m_objectWriters.top();

    writer.write("version"_sr).write(1);

    {
      auto metadata_writer = writer.write("metadata"_sr).writeObject();
      metadata_writer.write("name"_sr).write(m_config->name());
      metadata_writer.write("rng-seed"_sr).write(m_config->rngSeed());
      metadata_writer.write("catch2-version"_sr)
          .write(libraryVersion());
      if (m_config->testSpec().hasFilters()) {
        metadata_writer.write("filters"_sr)
            .write(m_config->testSpec());
      }
    }
  }

  JsonReporter::~JsonReporter() {
    endListing();
    // TODO: Ensure this closes the top level object, add asserts
    assert(m_writers.size() == 1 && "Only the top level object should be open");
    assert(m_writers.top() == Writer::Object);
    endObject();
    m_stream << '\n'
             << std::flush;
    assert(m_writers.empty());
  }

  JsonArrayWriter &JsonReporter::startArray() {
    m_arrayWriters.emplace(m_arrayWriters.top().writeArray());
    m_writers.emplace(Writer::Array);
    return m_arrayWriters.top();
  }
  JsonArrayWriter &JsonReporter::startArray(StringRef key) {
    m_arrayWriters.emplace(
        m_objectWriters.top().write(key).writeArray());
    m_writers.emplace(Writer::Array);
    return m_arrayWriters.top();
  }

  JsonObjectWriter &JsonReporter::startObject() {
    m_objectWriters.emplace(m_arrayWriters.top().writeObject());
    m_writers.emplace(Writer::Object);
    return m_objectWriters.top();
  }
  JsonObjectWriter &JsonReporter::startObject(StringRef key) {
    m_objectWriters.emplace(
        m_objectWriters.top().write(key).writeObject());
    m_writers.emplace(Writer::Object);
    return m_objectWriters.top();
  }

  void JsonReporter::endObject() {
    assert(isInside(Writer::Object));
    m_objectWriters.pop();
    m_writers.pop();
  }
  void JsonReporter::endArray() {
    assert(isInside(Writer::Array));
    m_arrayWriters.pop();
    m_writers.pop();
  }

  bool JsonReporter::isInside(Writer writer) {
    return !m_writers.empty() && m_writers.top() == writer;
  }

  void JsonReporter::startListing() {
    if (!m_startedListing) { startObject("listings"_sr); }
    m_startedListing = true;
  }
  void JsonReporter::endListing() {
    if (m_startedListing) { endObject(); }
    m_startedListing = false;
  }

  std::string JsonReporter::getDescription() {
    return "Outputs listings as JSON. Test listing is Work-in-Progress!";
  }

  void JsonReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &runInfo) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testRunStarting(runInfo);
    endListing();

    assert(isInside(Writer::Object));
    startObject("test-run"_sr);
    startArray("test-cases"_sr);
  }

  static void writeCounts(JsonObjectWriter &&writer, Counts const &counts) {
    writer.write("passed"_sr).write(counts.passed);
    writer.write("failed"_sr).write(counts.failed);
    writer.write("fail-but-ok"_sr).write(counts.failedButOk);
    writer.write("skipped"_sr).write(counts.skipped);
  }

  void JsonReporter::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &runStats) {
    assert(isInside(Writer::Array));
    // End "test-cases"
    endArray();

    {
      auto totals = m_objectWriters.top().write("totals"_sr).writeObject();
      writeCounts(totals.write("assertions"_sr).writeObject(),
                  runStats.totals.assertions);
      writeCounts(totals.write("test-cases"_sr).writeObject(),
                  runStats.totals.testCases);
    }

    // End the "test-run" object
    endObject();
  }

  void JsonReporter::testCaseStarting(TestCaseInfo const &tcInfo) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testCaseStarting(tcInfo);

    assert(isInside(Writer::Array) && "We should be in the 'test-cases' array");
    startObject();
    // "test-info" prelude
    {
      auto testInfo = m_objectWriters.top().write("test-info"_sr).writeObject();
      // TODO: handle testName vs className!!
      testInfo.write("name"_sr).write(tcInfo.name);
      writeSourceInfo(testInfo, tcInfo.lineInfo);
      writeTags(testInfo.write("tags"_sr).writeArray(), tcInfo.tags);
      writeProperties(testInfo.write("properties"_sr).writeArray(),
                      tcInfo);
    }

    // Start the array for individual test runs (testCasePartial pairs)
    startArray("runs"_sr);
  }

  void JsonReporter::testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats const &tcStats) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testCaseEnded(tcStats);

    // We need to close the 'runs' array before finishing the test case
    assert(isInside(Writer::Array));
    endArray();

    {
      auto totals = m_objectWriters.top().write("totals"_sr).writeObject();
      writeCounts(totals.write("assertions"_sr).writeObject(),
                  tcStats.totals.assertions);
      // We do not write the test case totals, because there will always be just one test case here.
      // TODO: overall "result" -> success, skip, fail here? Or in partial result?
    }
    // We do not write out stderr/stdout, because we instead wrote those out in partial runs

    // TODO: aborting?

    // And we also close this test case's object
    assert(isInside(Writer::Object));
    endObject();
  }

  void JsonReporter::testCasePartialStarting(TestCaseInfo const & /*tcInfo*/,
                                             uint64_t index) {
    startObject();
    m_objectWriters.top().write("run-idx"_sr).write(index);
    startArray("path"_sr);
    // TODO: we want to delay most of the printing to the 'root' section
    // TODO: childSection key name?
  }

  void JsonReporter::testCasePartialEnded(TestCaseStats const &tcStats,
                                          uint64_t /*index*/) {
    // Fixme: the top level section handles this.
    //// path object
    endArray();
    if (!tcStats.stdOut.empty()) {
      m_objectWriters.top()
          .write("captured-stdout"_sr)
          .write(tcStats.stdOut);
    }
    if (!tcStats.stdErr.empty()) {
      m_objectWriters.top()
          .write("captured-stderr"_sr)
          .write(tcStats.stdErr);
    }
    {
      auto totals = m_objectWriters.top().write("totals"_sr).writeObject();
      writeCounts(totals.write("assertions"_sr).writeObject(),
                  tcStats.totals.assertions);
      // We do not write the test case totals, because there will
      // always be just one test case here.
      // TODO: overall "result" -> success, skip, fail here? Or in
      // partial result?
    }
    // TODO: aborting?
    // run object
    endObject();
  }

  void JsonReporter::sectionStarting(SectionInfo const &sectionInfo) {
    assert(isInside(Writer::Array) && "Section should always start inside an object");
    // We want to nest top level sections, even though it shares name
    // and source loc with the TEST_CASE
    auto &sectionObject = startObject();
    sectionObject.write("kind"_sr).write("section"_sr);
    sectionObject.write("name"_sr).write(sectionInfo.name);
    writeSourceInfo(m_objectWriters.top(), sectionInfo.lineInfo);

    // TBD: Do we want to create this event lazily? It would become
    //      rather complex, but we could do it, and it would look
    //      better for empty sections. OTOH, empty sections should
    //      be rare.
    startArray("path"_sr);
  }
  void JsonReporter::sectionEnded(SectionStats const & /*sectionStats */) {
    // End the subpath array
    endArray();
    // TODO: metadata
    // TODO: what info do we have here?

    // End the section object
    endObject();
  }

  void JsonReporter::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &assertionStats) {
    // TODO: There is lot of different things to handle here, but
    //       we can fill it in later, after we show that the basic
    //       outline and streaming reporter impl works well enough.
    // if ( !m_config->includeSuccessfulResults()
    //    && assertionStats.assertionResult.isOk() ) {
    //    return;
    //}
    assert(isInside(Writer::Array));
    auto assertionObject = m_arrayWriters.top().writeObject();

    assertionObject.write("kind"_sr).write("assertion"_sr);
    writeSourceInfo(assertionObject,
                    assertionStats.assertionResult.getSourceInfo());
    assertionObject.write("status"_sr)
        .write(assertionStats.assertionResult.isOk());
    // TODO: handling of result.
    // TODO: messages
    // TODO: totals?
  }

  void JsonReporter::benchmarkPreparing(StringRef name) {
    (void)name;
  }
  void JsonReporter::benchmarkStarting(BenchmarkInfo const &) {}
  void JsonReporter::benchmarkEnded(BenchmarkStats<> const &) {}
  void JsonReporter::benchmarkFailed(StringRef error) {
    (void)error;
  }

  void JsonReporter::listReporters(
      std::vector<ReporterDescription> const &descriptions) {
    startListing();

    auto writer = m_objectWriters.top().write("reporters"_sr).writeArray();
    for (auto const &desc : descriptions) {
      auto desc_writer = writer.writeObject();
      desc_writer.write("name"_sr).write(desc.name);
      desc_writer.write("description"_sr).write(desc.description);
    }
  }
  void JsonReporter::listListeners(
      std::vector<ListenerDescription> const &descriptions) {
    startListing();

    auto writer = m_objectWriters.top().write("listeners"_sr).writeArray();

    for (auto const &desc : descriptions) {
      auto desc_writer = writer.writeObject();
      desc_writer.write("name"_sr).write(desc.name);
      desc_writer.write("description"_sr).write(desc.description);
    }
  }
  void JsonReporter::listTests(std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &tests) {
    startListing();

    auto writer = m_objectWriters.top().write("tests"_sr).writeArray();

    for (auto const &test : tests) {
      auto desc_writer = writer.writeObject();
      auto const &info = test.getTestCaseInfo();

      desc_writer.write("name"_sr).write(info.name);
      desc_writer.write("class-name"_sr).write(info.className);
      {
        auto tag_writer = desc_writer.write("tags"_sr).writeArray();
        for (auto const &tag : info.tags) {
          tag_writer.write(tag.original);
        }
      }
      writeSourceInfo(desc_writer, info.lineInfo);
    }
  }
  void JsonReporter::listTags(std::vector<TagInfo> const &tags) {
    startListing();

    auto writer = m_objectWriters.top().write("tags"_sr).writeArray();
    for (auto const &tag : tags) {
      auto tag_writer = writer.writeObject();
      {
        auto aliases_writer = tag_writer.write("aliases"_sr).writeArray();
        for (auto alias : tag.spellings) {
          aliases_writer.write(alias);
        }
      }
      tag_writer.write("count"_sr).write(tag.count);
    }
  }
} // namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <ctime>
#include <iomanip>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    std::string getCurrentTimestamp() {
      time_t rawtime;
      std::time(&rawtime);

      std::tm timeInfo = {};
#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
      gmtime_s(&timeInfo, &rawtime);
#elif defined(CATCH_PLATFORM_PLAYSTATION)
      gmtime_s(&rawtime, &timeInfo);
#elif defined(__IAR_SYSTEMS_ICC__)
      timeInfo = *std::gmtime(&rawtime);
#else
      gmtime_r(&rawtime, &timeInfo);
#endif

      auto const timeStampSize = sizeof("2017-01-16T17:06:45Z");
      char timeStamp[timeStampSize];
      const char *const fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ";

      std::strftime(timeStamp, timeStampSize, fmt, &timeInfo);

      return std::string(timeStamp, timeStampSize - 1);
    }

    std::string fileNameTag(std::vector<Tag> const &tags) {
      auto it = std::find_if(begin(tags),
                             end(tags),
                             [](Tag const &tag) { return tag.original.size() > 0
                                                      && tag.original[0] == '#'; });
      if (it != tags.end()) {
        return static_cast<std::string>(
            it->original.substr(1, it->original.size() - 1));
      }
      return std::string();
    }

    // Formats the duration in seconds to 3 decimal places.
    // This is done because some genius defined Maven Surefire schema
    // in a way that only accepts 3 decimal places, and tools like
    // Jenkins use that schema for validation JUnit reporter output.
    std::string formatDuration(double seconds) {
      ReusableStringStream rss;
      rss << std::fixed << std::setprecision(3) << seconds;
      return rss.str();
    }

    static void normalizeNamespaceMarkers(std::string &str) {
      std::size_t pos = str.find("::");
      while (pos != std::string::npos) {
        str.replace(pos, 2, ".");
        pos += 1;
        pos = str.find("::", pos);
      }
    }

  } // anonymous namespace

  JunitReporter::JunitReporter(ReporterConfig &&_config)
      : CumulativeReporterBase(CATCH_MOVE(_config)), xml(m_stream) {
    m_preferences.shouldRedirectStdOut = true;
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertions = false;
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertionStarts = false;
    m_shouldStoreSuccesfulAssertions = false;
  }

  std::string JunitReporter::getDescription() {
    return "Reports test results in an XML format that looks like Ant's junitreport target";
  }

  void JunitReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &runInfo) {
    CumulativeReporterBase::testRunStarting(runInfo);
    xml.startElement("testsuites");
    suiteTimer.start();
    stdOutForSuite.clear();
    stdErrForSuite.clear();
    unexpectedExceptions = 0;
  }

  void JunitReporter::testCaseStarting(TestCaseInfo const &testCaseInfo) {
    m_okToFail = testCaseInfo.okToFail();
  }

  void JunitReporter::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &assertionStats) {
    if (assertionStats.assertionResult.getResultType() == ResultWas::ThrewException && !m_okToFail)
      unexpectedExceptions++;
    CumulativeReporterBase::assertionEnded(assertionStats);
  }

  void JunitReporter::testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats const &testCaseStats) {
    stdOutForSuite += testCaseStats.stdOut;
    stdErrForSuite += testCaseStats.stdErr;
    CumulativeReporterBase::testCaseEnded(testCaseStats);
  }

  void JunitReporter::testRunEndedCumulative() {
    const auto suiteTime = suiteTimer.getElapsedSeconds();
    writeRun(*m_testRun, suiteTime);
    xml.endElement();
  }

  void JunitReporter::writeRun(TestRunNode const &testRunNode, double suiteTime) {
    XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement("testsuite");

    TestRunStats const &stats = testRunNode.value;
    xml.writeAttribute("name"_sr, stats.runInfo.name);
    xml.writeAttribute("errors"_sr, unexpectedExceptions);
    xml.writeAttribute("failures"_sr, stats.totals.assertions.failed - unexpectedExceptions);
    xml.writeAttribute("skipped"_sr, stats.totals.assertions.skipped);
    xml.writeAttribute("tests"_sr, stats.totals.assertions.total());
    xml.writeAttribute("hostname"_sr, "tbd"_sr); // !TBD
    if (m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Never)
      xml.writeAttribute("time"_sr, ""_sr);
    else
      xml.writeAttribute("time"_sr, formatDuration(suiteTime));
    xml.writeAttribute("timestamp"_sr, getCurrentTimestamp());

    // Write properties
    {
      auto properties = xml.scopedElement("properties");
      xml.scopedElement("property")
          .writeAttribute("name"_sr, "random-seed"_sr)
          .writeAttribute("value"_sr, m_config->rngSeed());
      if (m_config->testSpec().hasFilters()) {
        xml.scopedElement("property")
            .writeAttribute("name"_sr, "filters"_sr)
            .writeAttribute("value"_sr, m_config->testSpec());
      }
    }

    // Write test cases
    for (auto const &child : testRunNode.children)
      writeTestCase(*child);

    xml.scopedElement("system-out").writeText(trim(stdOutForSuite), XmlFormatting::Newline);
    xml.scopedElement("system-err").writeText(trim(stdErrForSuite), XmlFormatting::Newline);
  }

  void JunitReporter::writeTestCase(TestCaseNode const &testCaseNode) {
    TestCaseStats const &stats = testCaseNode.value;

    // All test cases have exactly one section - which represents the
    // test case itself. That section may have 0-n nested sections
    assert(testCaseNode.children.size() == 1);
    SectionNode const &rootSection = *testCaseNode.children.front();

    std::string className = static_cast<std::string>(stats.testInfo->className);

    if (className.empty()) {
      className = fileNameTag(stats.testInfo->tags);
      if (className.empty()) {
        className = "global";
      }
    }

    if (!m_config->name().empty())
      className = static_cast<std::string>(m_config->name()) + '.' + className;

    normalizeNamespaceMarkers(className);

    writeSection(className, "", rootSection, stats.testInfo->okToFail());
  }

  void JunitReporter::writeSection(std::string const &className,
                                   std::string const &rootName,
                                   SectionNode const &sectionNode,
                                   bool testOkToFail) {
    std::string name = trim(sectionNode.stats.sectionInfo.name);
    if (!rootName.empty())
      name = rootName + '/' + name;

    if (sectionNode.stats.assertions.total() > 0
        || !sectionNode.stdOut.empty()
        || !sectionNode.stdErr.empty()) {
      XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement("testcase");
      if (className.empty()) {
        xml.writeAttribute("classname"_sr, name);
        xml.writeAttribute("name"_sr, "root"_sr);
      } else {
        xml.writeAttribute("classname"_sr, className);
        xml.writeAttribute("name"_sr, name);
      }
      xml.writeAttribute("time"_sr, formatDuration(sectionNode.stats.durationInSeconds));
      // This is not ideal, but it should be enough to mimic gtest's
      // junit output.
      // Ideally the JUnit reporter would also handle `skipTest`
      // events and write those out appropriately.
      xml.writeAttribute("status"_sr, "run"_sr);

      if (sectionNode.stats.assertions.failedButOk) {
        xml.scopedElement("skipped")
            .writeAttribute("message", "TEST_CASE tagged with !mayfail");
      }

      writeAssertions(sectionNode);

      if (!sectionNode.stdOut.empty())
        xml.scopedElement("system-out").writeText(trim(sectionNode.stdOut), XmlFormatting::Newline);
      if (!sectionNode.stdErr.empty())
        xml.scopedElement("system-err").writeText(trim(sectionNode.stdErr), XmlFormatting::Newline);
    }
    for (auto const &childNode : sectionNode.childSections)
      if (className.empty())
        writeSection(name, "", *childNode, testOkToFail);
      else
        writeSection(className, name, *childNode, testOkToFail);
  }

  void JunitReporter::writeAssertions(SectionNode const &sectionNode) {
    for (auto const &assertionOrBenchmark : sectionNode.assertionsAndBenchmarks) {
      if (assertionOrBenchmark.isAssertion()) {
        // JUnit XML format supports only 1 error/failure/skip
        // assertion elements per test case
        if (writeAssertion(assertionOrBenchmark.asAssertion())) {
          break;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  bool JunitReporter::writeAssertion(AssertionStats const &stats) {
    AssertionResult const &result = stats.assertionResult;
    if (result.isOk() && result.getResultType() != ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
      return false;
    }
    std::string elementName;
    switch (result.getResultType()) {
      case ResultWas::ThrewException:
      case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
        elementName = "error";
        break;
      case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
      case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
      case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
        elementName = "failure";
        break;
      case ResultWas::ExplicitSkip:
        elementName = "skipped";
        break;
      // We should never see these here:
      case ResultWas::Info:
      case ResultWas::Warning:
      case ResultWas::Ok:
      case ResultWas::Unknown:
      case ResultWas::FailureBit:
      case ResultWas::Exception:
        elementName = "internalError";
        break;
    }

    XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement(elementName);

    xml.writeAttribute("message"_sr, result.getExpression());
    xml.writeAttribute("type"_sr, result.getTestMacroName());

    ReusableStringStream rss;
    if (result.getResultType() == ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
      rss << "SKIPPED\n";
    } else {
      rss << "FAILED:\n";
      if (result.hasExpression()) {
        rss << "  ";
        rss << result.getExpressionInMacro();
        rss << '\n';
      }
      if (result.hasExpandedExpression()) {
        rss << "with expansion:\n";
        rss << TextFlow::Column(result.getExpandedExpression())
                   .indent(2)
            << '\n';
      }
    }

    if (result.hasMessage()) { rss << result.getMessage() << '\n'; }
    for (auto const &msg : stats.infoMessages) {
      if (msg.type == ResultWas::Info) { rss << msg.message << '\n'; }
    }

    rss << "at " << result.getSourceInfo();
    xml.writeText(rss.str(), XmlFormatting::Newline);
    return true;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {
  void MultiReporter::updatePreferences(IEventListener const &reporterish) {
    m_preferences.shouldRedirectStdOut |= reporterish.getPreferences().shouldRedirectStdOut;
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertions |= reporterish.getPreferences().shouldReportAllAssertions;
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertionStarts |= reporterish.getPreferences().shouldReportAllAssertionStarts;
  }

  void MultiReporter::addListener(IEventListenerPtr &&listener) {
    updatePreferences(*listener);
    m_reporterLikes.insert(m_reporterLikes.begin() + m_insertedListeners, CATCH_MOVE(listener));
    ++m_insertedListeners;
  }

  void MultiReporter::addReporter(IEventListenerPtr &&reporter) {
    updatePreferences(*reporter);

    // We will need to output the captured stdout if there are reporters
    // that do not want it captured.
    // We do not consider listeners, because it is generally assumed that
    // listeners are output-transparent, even though they can ask for stdout
    // capture to do something with it.
    m_haveNoncapturingReporters |= !reporter->getPreferences().shouldRedirectStdOut;

    // Reporters can always be placed to the back without breaking the
    // reporting order
    m_reporterLikes.push_back(CATCH_MOVE(reporter));
  }

  void MultiReporter::noMatchingTestCases(StringRef unmatchedSpec) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->noMatchingTestCases(unmatchedSpec);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::fatalErrorEncountered(StringRef error) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->fatalErrorEncountered(error);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::reportInvalidTestSpec(StringRef arg) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->reportInvalidTestSpec(arg);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::benchmarkPreparing(StringRef name) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->benchmarkPreparing(name);
    }
  }
  void MultiReporter::benchmarkStarting(BenchmarkInfo const &benchmarkInfo) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->benchmarkStarting(benchmarkInfo);
    }
  }
  void MultiReporter::benchmarkEnded(BenchmarkStats<> const &benchmarkStats) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->benchmarkEnded(benchmarkStats);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::benchmarkFailed(StringRef error) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->benchmarkFailed(error);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &testRunInfo) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->testRunStarting(testRunInfo);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::testCaseStarting(TestCaseInfo const &testInfo) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->testCaseStarting(testInfo);
    }
  }

  void
  MultiReporter::testCasePartialStarting(TestCaseInfo const &testInfo,
                                         uint64_t partNumber) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->testCasePartialStarting(testInfo, partNumber);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::sectionStarting(SectionInfo const &sectionInfo) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->sectionStarting(sectionInfo);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::assertionStarting(AssertionInfo const &assertionInfo) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->assertionStarting(assertionInfo);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &assertionStats) {
    const bool reportByDefault = assertionStats.assertionResult.getResultType() != ResultWas::Ok || m_config->includeSuccessfulResults();

    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      if (reportByDefault || reporterish->getPreferences().shouldReportAllAssertions) {
        reporterish->assertionEnded(assertionStats);
      }
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::sectionEnded(SectionStats const &sectionStats) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->sectionEnded(sectionStats);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::testCasePartialEnded(TestCaseStats const &testStats,
                                           uint64_t partNumber) {
    if (m_preferences.shouldRedirectStdOut && m_haveNoncapturingReporters) {
      if (!testStats.stdOut.empty()) {
        Catch::cout() << testStats.stdOut << std::flush;
      }
      if (!testStats.stdErr.empty()) {
        Catch::cerr() << testStats.stdErr << std::flush;
      }
    }

    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->testCasePartialEnded(testStats, partNumber);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats const &testCaseStats) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->testCaseEnded(testCaseStats);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &testRunStats) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->testRunEnded(testRunStats);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::skipTest(TestCaseInfo const &testInfo) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->skipTest(testInfo);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::listReporters(std::vector<ReporterDescription> const &descriptions) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->listReporters(descriptions);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::listListeners(
      std::vector<ListenerDescription> const &descriptions) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->listListeners(descriptions);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::listTests(std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &tests) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->listTests(tests);
    }
  }

  void MultiReporter::listTags(std::vector<TagInfo> const &tags) {
    for (auto &reporterish : m_reporterLikes) {
      reporterish->listTags(tags);
    }
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {
  namespace Detail {

    void registerReporterImpl(std::string const &name,
                              IReporterFactoryPtr reporterPtr) {
      CATCH_TRY {
        getMutableRegistryHub().registerReporter(
            name, CATCH_MOVE(reporterPtr));
      }
      CATCH_CATCH_ALL {
        // Do not throw when constructing global objects, instead
        // register the exception to be processed later
        getMutableRegistryHub().registerStartupException();
      }
    }

    void registerListenerImpl(Detail::unique_ptr<EventListenerFactory> listenerFactory) {
      getMutableRegistryHub().registerListener(CATCH_MOVE(listenerFactory));
    }

  } // namespace Detail
} // namespace Catch

#include <map>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    std::string createMetadataString(IConfig const &config) {
      ReusableStringStream sstr;
      if (config.testSpec().hasFilters()) {
        sstr << "filters='"
             << config.testSpec()
             << "' ";
      }
      sstr << "rng-seed=" << config.rngSeed();
      return sstr.str();
    }
  } // namespace

  void SonarQubeReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &testRunInfo) {
    CumulativeReporterBase::testRunStarting(testRunInfo);

    xml.writeComment(createMetadataString(*m_config));
    xml.startElement("testExecutions");
    xml.writeAttribute("version"_sr, '1');
  }

  void SonarQubeReporter::writeRun(TestRunNode const &runNode) {
    std::map<StringRef, std::vector<TestCaseNode const *>> testsPerFile;

    for (auto const &child : runNode.children) {
      testsPerFile[child->value.testInfo->lineInfo.file].push_back(
          child.get());
    }

    for (auto const &kv : testsPerFile) {
      writeTestFile(kv.first, kv.second);
    }
  }

  void SonarQubeReporter::writeTestFile(StringRef filename, std::vector<TestCaseNode const *> const &testCaseNodes) {
    XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement("file");
    xml.writeAttribute("path"_sr, filename);

    for (auto const &child : testCaseNodes)
      writeTestCase(*child);
  }

  void SonarQubeReporter::writeTestCase(TestCaseNode const &testCaseNode) {
    // All test cases have exactly one section - which represents the
    // test case itself. That section may have 0-n nested sections
    assert(testCaseNode.children.size() == 1);
    SectionNode const &rootSection = *testCaseNode.children.front();
    writeSection("", rootSection, testCaseNode.value.testInfo->okToFail());
  }

  void SonarQubeReporter::writeSection(std::string const &rootName, SectionNode const &sectionNode, bool okToFail) {
    std::string name = trim(sectionNode.stats.sectionInfo.name);
    if (!rootName.empty())
      name = rootName + '/' + name;

    if (sectionNode.stats.assertions.total() > 0
        || !sectionNode.stdOut.empty()
        || !sectionNode.stdErr.empty()) {
      XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement("testCase");
      xml.writeAttribute("name"_sr, name);
      xml.writeAttribute("duration"_sr, static_cast<long>(sectionNode.stats.durationInSeconds * 1000));

      writeAssertions(sectionNode, okToFail);
    }

    for (auto const &childNode : sectionNode.childSections)
      writeSection(name, *childNode, okToFail);
  }

  void SonarQubeReporter::writeAssertions(SectionNode const &sectionNode, bool okToFail) {
    for (auto const &assertionOrBenchmark : sectionNode.assertionsAndBenchmarks) {
      if (assertionOrBenchmark.isAssertion()) {
        writeAssertion(assertionOrBenchmark.asAssertion(), okToFail);
      }
    }
  }

  void SonarQubeReporter::writeAssertion(AssertionStats const &stats, bool okToFail) {
    AssertionResult const &result = stats.assertionResult;
    if (!result.isOk() || result.getResultType() == ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
      std::string elementName;
      if (okToFail) {
        elementName = "skipped";
      } else {
        switch (result.getResultType()) {
          case ResultWas::ThrewException:
          case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
            elementName = "error";
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
          case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
          case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
            elementName = "failure";
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExplicitSkip:
            elementName = "skipped";
            break;
            // We should never see these here:
          case ResultWas::Info:
          case ResultWas::Warning:
          case ResultWas::Ok:
          case ResultWas::Unknown:
          case ResultWas::FailureBit:
          case ResultWas::Exception:
            elementName = "internalError";
            break;
        }
      }

      XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = xml.scopedElement(elementName);

      ReusableStringStream messageRss;
      messageRss << result.getTestMacroName() << '(' << result.getExpression() << ')';
      xml.writeAttribute("message"_sr, messageRss.str());

      ReusableStringStream textRss;
      if (result.getResultType() == ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
        textRss << "SKIPPED\n";
      } else {
        textRss << "FAILED:\n";
        if (result.hasExpression()) {
          textRss << '\t' << result.getExpressionInMacro() << '\n';
        }
        if (result.hasExpandedExpression()) {
          textRss << "with expansion:\n\t" << result.getExpandedExpression() << '\n';
        }
      }

      if (result.hasMessage())
        textRss << result.getMessage() << '\n';

      for (auto const &msg : stats.infoMessages)
        if (msg.type == ResultWas::Info)
          textRss << msg.message << '\n';

      textRss << "at " << result.getSourceInfo();
      xml.writeText(textRss.str(), XmlFormatting::Newline);
    }
  }

} // end namespace Catch

namespace Catch {

  StreamingReporterBase::~StreamingReporterBase() = default;

  void
  StreamingReporterBase::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &_testRunInfo) {
    currentTestRunInfo = _testRunInfo;
  }

  void StreamingReporterBase::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &) {
    currentTestCaseInfo = nullptr;
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <algorithm>
#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    // Yes, this has to be outside the class and namespaced by naming.
    // Making older compiler happy is hard.
    static constexpr StringRef tapFailedString = "not ok"_sr;
    static constexpr StringRef tapPassedString = "ok"_sr;
    static constexpr Colour::Code tapDimColour = Colour::FileName;

    class TapAssertionPrinter {
    public:
      TapAssertionPrinter &operator=(TapAssertionPrinter const &) = delete;
      TapAssertionPrinter(TapAssertionPrinter const &) = delete;
      TapAssertionPrinter(std::ostream &_stream, AssertionStats const &_stats, std::size_t _counter, ColourImpl *colour_)
          : stream(_stream)
          , result(_stats.assertionResult)
          , messages(_stats.infoMessages)
          , itMessage(_stats.infoMessages.begin())
          , printInfoMessages(true)
          , counter(_counter)
          , colourImpl(colour_) {}

      void print() {
        itMessage = messages.begin();

        switch (result.getResultType()) {
          case ResultWas::Ok:
            printResultType(tapPassedString);
            printOriginalExpression();
            printReconstructedExpression();
            if (!result.hasExpression())
              printRemainingMessages(Colour::None);
            else
              printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
            if (result.isOk()) {
              printResultType(tapPassedString);
            } else {
              printResultType(tapFailedString);
            }
            printOriginalExpression();
            printReconstructedExpression();
            if (result.isOk()) {
              printIssue(" # TODO");
            }
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::ThrewException:
            printResultType(tapFailedString);
            printIssue("unexpected exception with message:"_sr);
            printMessage();
            printExpressionWas();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
            printResultType(tapFailedString);
            printIssue("fatal error condition with message:"_sr);
            printMessage();
            printExpressionWas();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
            printResultType(tapFailedString);
            printIssue("expected exception, got none"_sr);
            printExpressionWas();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::Info:
            printResultType("info"_sr);
            printMessage();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::Warning:
            printResultType("warning"_sr);
            printMessage();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
            printResultType(tapFailedString);
            printIssue("explicitly"_sr);
            printRemainingMessages(Colour::None);
            break;
          case ResultWas::ExplicitSkip:
            printResultType(tapPassedString);
            printIssue(" # SKIP"_sr);
            printMessage();
            printRemainingMessages();
            break;
            // These cases are here to prevent compiler warnings
          case ResultWas::Unknown:
          case ResultWas::FailureBit:
          case ResultWas::Exception:
            printResultType("** internal error **"_sr);
            break;
        }
      }

    private:
      void printResultType(StringRef passOrFail) const {
        if (!passOrFail.empty()) {
          stream << passOrFail << ' ' << counter << " -";
        }
      }

      void printIssue(StringRef issue) const {
        stream << ' ' << issue;
      }

      void printExpressionWas() {
        if (result.hasExpression()) {
          stream << ';';
          stream << colourImpl->guardColour(tapDimColour)
                 << " expression was:";
          printOriginalExpression();
        }
      }

      void printOriginalExpression() const {
        if (result.hasExpression()) {
          stream << ' ' << result.getExpression();
        }
      }

      void printReconstructedExpression() const {
        if (result.hasExpandedExpression()) {
          stream << colourImpl->guardColour(tapDimColour) << " for: ";

          std::string expr = result.getExpandedExpression();
          std::replace(expr.begin(), expr.end(), '\n', ' ');
          stream << expr;
        }
      }

      void printMessage() {
        if (itMessage != messages.end()) {
          stream << " '" << itMessage->message << '\'';
          ++itMessage;
        }
      }

      void printRemainingMessages(Colour::Code colour = tapDimColour) {
        if (itMessage == messages.end()) {
          return;
        }

        // using messages.end() directly (or auto) yields compilation error:
        std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator itEnd = messages.end();
        const std::size_t N = static_cast<std::size_t>(itEnd - itMessage);

        stream << colourImpl->guardColour(colour) << " with "
               << pluralise(N, "message"_sr) << ':';

        for (; itMessage != itEnd;) {
          // If this assertion is a warning ignore any INFO messages
          if (printInfoMessages || itMessage->type != ResultWas::Info) {
            stream << " '" << itMessage->message << '\'';
            if (++itMessage != itEnd) {
              stream << colourImpl->guardColour(tapDimColour) << " and";
            }
          }
        }
      }

    private:
      std::ostream &stream;
      AssertionResult const &result;
      std::vector<MessageInfo> const &messages;
      std::vector<MessageInfo>::const_iterator itMessage;
      bool printInfoMessages;
      std::size_t counter;
      ColourImpl *colourImpl;
    };

  } // End anonymous namespace

  void TAPReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &) {
    if (m_config->testSpec().hasFilters()) {
      m_stream << "# filters: " << m_config->testSpec() << '\n';
    }
    m_stream << "# rng-seed: " << m_config->rngSeed() << '\n'
             << std::flush;
  }

  void TAPReporter::noMatchingTestCases(StringRef unmatchedSpec) {
    m_stream << "# No test cases matched '" << unmatchedSpec << "'\n";
  }

  void TAPReporter::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &_assertionStats) {
    ++counter;

    m_stream << "# " << currentTestCaseInfo->name << '\n';
    TapAssertionPrinter printer(m_stream, _assertionStats, counter, m_colour.get());
    printer.print();

    m_stream << '\n'
             << std::flush;
  }

  void TAPReporter::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &_testRunStats) {
    m_stream << "1.." << _testRunStats.totals.assertions.total();
    if (_testRunStats.totals.testCases.total() == 0) {
      m_stream << " # Skipped: No tests ran.";
    }
    m_stream << "\n\n"
             << std::flush;
    StreamingReporterBase::testRunEnded(_testRunStats);
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#include <cassert>
#include <ostream>

namespace Catch {

  namespace {
    // if string has a : in first line will set indent to follow it on
    // subsequent lines
    void printHeaderString(std::ostream &os, std::string const &_string, std::size_t indent = 0) {
      std::size_t i = _string.find(": ");
      if (i != std::string::npos)
        i += 2;
      else
        i = 0;
      os << TextFlow::Column(_string)
                .indent(indent + i)
                .initialIndent(indent)
         << '\n';
    }

    std::string escape(StringRef str) {
      std::string escaped = static_cast<std::string>(str);
      replaceInPlace(escaped, "|", "||");
      replaceInPlace(escaped, "'", "|'");
      replaceInPlace(escaped, "\n", "|n");
      replaceInPlace(escaped, "\r", "|r");
      replaceInPlace(escaped, "[", "|[");
      replaceInPlace(escaped, "]", "|]");
      return escaped;
    }
  } // end anonymous namespace

  TeamCityReporter::~TeamCityReporter() = default;

  void TeamCityReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &runInfo) {
    m_stream << "##teamcity[testSuiteStarted name='" << escape(runInfo.name)
             << "']\n";
  }

  void TeamCityReporter::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &runStats) {
    m_stream << "##teamcity[testSuiteFinished name='"
             << escape(runStats.runInfo.name) << "']\n";
  }

  void TeamCityReporter::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &assertionStats) {
    AssertionResult const &result = assertionStats.assertionResult;
    if (!result.isOk() || result.getResultType() == ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
      ReusableStringStream msg;
      if (!m_headerPrintedForThisSection)
        printSectionHeader(msg.get());
      m_headerPrintedForThisSection = true;

      msg << result.getSourceInfo() << '\n';

      switch (result.getResultType()) {
        case ResultWas::ExpressionFailed:
          msg << "expression failed";
          break;
        case ResultWas::ThrewException:
          msg << "unexpected exception";
          break;
        case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
          msg << "fatal error condition";
          break;
        case ResultWas::DidntThrowException:
          msg << "no exception was thrown where one was expected";
          break;
        case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
          msg << "explicit failure";
          break;
        case ResultWas::ExplicitSkip:
          msg << "explicit skip";
          break;

          // We shouldn't get here because of the isOk() test
        case ResultWas::Ok:
        case ResultWas::Info:
        case ResultWas::Warning:
          CATCH_ERROR("Internal error in TeamCity reporter");
          // These cases are here to prevent compiler warnings
        case ResultWas::Unknown:
        case ResultWas::FailureBit:
        case ResultWas::Exception:
          CATCH_ERROR("Not implemented");
      }
      if (assertionStats.infoMessages.size() == 1)
        msg << " with message:";
      if (assertionStats.infoMessages.size() > 1)
        msg << " with messages:";
      for (auto const &messageInfo : assertionStats.infoMessages)
        msg << "\n  \"" << messageInfo.message << '"';

      if (result.hasExpression()) {
        msg << "\n  " << result.getExpressionInMacro() << "\n"
                                                          "with expansion:\n"
                                                          "  "
            << result.getExpandedExpression() << '\n';
      }

      if (result.getResultType() == ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
        m_stream << "##teamcity[testIgnored";
      } else if (currentTestCaseInfo->okToFail()) {
        msg << "- failure ignore as test marked as 'ok to fail'\n";
        m_stream << "##teamcity[testIgnored";
      } else {
        m_stream << "##teamcity[testFailed";
      }
      m_stream << " name='" << escape(currentTestCaseInfo->name) << '\''
               << " message='" << escape(msg.str()) << '\'' << "]\n";
    }
    m_stream.flush();
  }

  void TeamCityReporter::testCaseStarting(TestCaseInfo const &testInfo) {
    m_testTimer.start();
    StreamingReporterBase::testCaseStarting(testInfo);
    m_stream << "##teamcity[testStarted name='"
             << escape(testInfo.name) << "']\n";
    m_stream.flush();
  }

  void TeamCityReporter::testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats const &testCaseStats) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testCaseEnded(testCaseStats);
    auto const &testCaseInfo = *testCaseStats.testInfo;
    if (!testCaseStats.stdOut.empty())
      m_stream << "##teamcity[testStdOut name='"
               << escape(testCaseInfo.name)
               << "' out='" << escape(testCaseStats.stdOut) << "']\n";
    if (!testCaseStats.stdErr.empty())
      m_stream << "##teamcity[testStdErr name='"
               << escape(testCaseInfo.name)
               << "' out='" << escape(testCaseStats.stdErr) << "']\n";
    m_stream << "##teamcity[testFinished name='"
             << escape(testCaseInfo.name) << "' duration='"
             << m_testTimer.getElapsedMilliseconds() << "']\n";
    m_stream.flush();
  }

  void TeamCityReporter::printSectionHeader(std::ostream &os) {
    assert(!m_sectionStack.empty());

    if (m_sectionStack.size() > 1) {
      os << lineOfChars('-') << '\n';

      std::vector<SectionInfo>::const_iterator
          it
          = m_sectionStack.begin() + 1, // Skip first section (test case)
          itEnd = m_sectionStack.end();
      for (; it != itEnd; ++it)
        printHeaderString(os, it->name);
      os << lineOfChars('-') << '\n';
    }

    SourceLineInfo lineInfo = m_sectionStack.front().lineInfo;

    os << lineInfo << '\n';
    os << lineOfChars('.') << "\n\n";
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4061) // Not all labels are EXPLICITLY handled in switch
                                // Note that 4062 (not all labels are handled
                                // and default is missing) is enabled
#endif

namespace Catch {
  XmlReporter::XmlReporter(ReporterConfig &&_config)
      : StreamingReporterBase(CATCH_MOVE(_config)), m_xml(m_stream) {
    m_preferences.shouldRedirectStdOut = true;
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertions = true;
    m_preferences.shouldReportAllAssertionStarts = false;
  }

  XmlReporter::~XmlReporter() = default;

  std::string XmlReporter::getDescription() {
    return "Reports test results as an XML document";
  }

  std::string XmlReporter::getStylesheetRef() const {
    return std::string();
  }

  void XmlReporter::writeSourceInfo(SourceLineInfo const &sourceInfo) {
    m_xml
        .writeAttribute("filename"_sr, sourceInfo.file)
        .writeAttribute("line"_sr, sourceInfo.line);
  }

  void XmlReporter::testRunStarting(TestRunInfo const &testInfo) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testRunStarting(testInfo);
    std::string stylesheetRef = getStylesheetRef();
    if (!stylesheetRef.empty())
      m_xml.writeStylesheetRef(stylesheetRef);
    m_xml.startElement("Catch2TestRun")
        .writeAttribute("name"_sr, m_config->name())
        .writeAttribute("rng-seed"_sr, m_config->rngSeed())
        .writeAttribute("xml-format-version"_sr, 3)
        .writeAttribute("catch2-version"_sr, libraryVersion());
    if (m_config->testSpec().hasFilters()) {
      m_xml.writeAttribute("filters"_sr, m_config->testSpec());
    }
  }

  void XmlReporter::testCaseStarting(TestCaseInfo const &testInfo) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testCaseStarting(testInfo);
    m_xml.startElement("TestCase")
        .writeAttribute("name"_sr, trim(StringRef(testInfo.name)))
        .writeAttribute("tags"_sr, testInfo.tagsAsString());

    writeSourceInfo(testInfo.lineInfo);

    if (m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always)
      m_testCaseTimer.start();
    m_xml.ensureTagClosed();
  }

  void XmlReporter::sectionStarting(SectionInfo const &sectionInfo) {
    StreamingReporterBase::sectionStarting(sectionInfo);
    if (m_sectionDepth++ > 0) {
      m_xml.startElement("Section")
          .writeAttribute("name"_sr, trim(StringRef(sectionInfo.name)));
      writeSourceInfo(sectionInfo.lineInfo);
      m_xml.ensureTagClosed();
    }
  }

  void XmlReporter::assertionEnded(AssertionStats const &assertionStats) {
    AssertionResult const &result = assertionStats.assertionResult;

    bool includeResults = m_config->includeSuccessfulResults() || !result.isOk();

    if (includeResults || result.getResultType() == ResultWas::Warning) {
      // Print any info messages in <Info> tags.
      for (auto const &msg : assertionStats.infoMessages) {
        if (msg.type == ResultWas::Info && includeResults) {
          auto t = m_xml.scopedElement("Info");
          writeSourceInfo(msg.lineInfo);
          t.writeText(msg.message);
        } else if (msg.type == ResultWas::Warning) {
          auto t = m_xml.scopedElement("Warning");
          writeSourceInfo(msg.lineInfo);
          t.writeText(msg.message);
        }
      }
    }

    // Drop out if result was successful but we're not printing them.
    if (!includeResults && result.getResultType() != ResultWas::Warning && result.getResultType() != ResultWas::ExplicitSkip) {
      return;
    }

    // Print the expression if there is one.
    if (result.hasExpression()) {
      m_xml.startElement("Expression")
          .writeAttribute("success"_sr, result.succeeded())
          .writeAttribute("type"_sr, result.getTestMacroName());

      writeSourceInfo(result.getSourceInfo());

      m_xml.scopedElement("Original")
          .writeText(result.getExpression());
      m_xml.scopedElement("Expanded")
          .writeText(result.getExpandedExpression());
    }

    // And... Print a result applicable to each result type.
    switch (result.getResultType()) {
      case ResultWas::ThrewException:
        m_xml.startElement("Exception");
        writeSourceInfo(result.getSourceInfo());
        m_xml.writeText(result.getMessage());
        m_xml.endElement();
        break;
      case ResultWas::FatalErrorCondition:
        m_xml.startElement("FatalErrorCondition");
        writeSourceInfo(result.getSourceInfo());
        m_xml.writeText(result.getMessage());
        m_xml.endElement();
        break;
      case ResultWas::Info:
        m_xml.scopedElement("Info")
            .writeText(result.getMessage());
        break;
      case ResultWas::Warning:
        // Warning will already have been written
        break;
      case ResultWas::ExplicitFailure:
        m_xml.startElement("Failure");
        writeSourceInfo(result.getSourceInfo());
        m_xml.writeText(result.getMessage());
        m_xml.endElement();
        break;
      case ResultWas::ExplicitSkip:
        m_xml.startElement("Skip");
        writeSourceInfo(result.getSourceInfo());
        m_xml.writeText(result.getMessage());
        m_xml.endElement();
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }

    if (result.hasExpression())
      m_xml.endElement();
  }

  void XmlReporter::sectionEnded(SectionStats const &sectionStats) {
    StreamingReporterBase::sectionEnded(sectionStats);
    if (--m_sectionDepth > 0) {
      {
        XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = m_xml.scopedElement("OverallResults");
        e.writeAttribute("successes"_sr, sectionStats.assertions.passed);
        e.writeAttribute("failures"_sr, sectionStats.assertions.failed);
        e.writeAttribute("expectedFailures"_sr, sectionStats.assertions.failedButOk);
        e.writeAttribute("skipped"_sr, sectionStats.assertions.skipped > 0);

        if (m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always)
          e.writeAttribute("durationInSeconds"_sr, sectionStats.durationInSeconds);
      }
      // Ends assertion tag
      m_xml.endElement();
    }
  }

  void XmlReporter::testCaseEnded(TestCaseStats const &testCaseStats) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testCaseEnded(testCaseStats);
    XmlWriter::ScopedElement e = m_xml.scopedElement("OverallResult");
    e.writeAttribute("success"_sr, testCaseStats.totals.assertions.allOk());
    e.writeAttribute("skips"_sr, testCaseStats.totals.assertions.skipped);

    if (m_config->showDurations() == ShowDurations::Always)
      e.writeAttribute("durationInSeconds"_sr, m_testCaseTimer.getElapsedSeconds());
    if (!testCaseStats.stdOut.empty())
      m_xml.scopedElement("StdOut").writeText(trim(StringRef(testCaseStats.stdOut)), XmlFormatting::Newline);
    if (!testCaseStats.stdErr.empty())
      m_xml.scopedElement("StdErr").writeText(trim(StringRef(testCaseStats.stdErr)), XmlFormatting::Newline);

    m_xml.endElement();
  }

  void XmlReporter::testRunEnded(TestRunStats const &testRunStats) {
    StreamingReporterBase::testRunEnded(testRunStats);
    m_xml.scopedElement("OverallResults")
        .writeAttribute("successes"_sr, testRunStats.totals.assertions.passed)
        .writeAttribute("failures"_sr, testRunStats.totals.assertions.failed)
        .writeAttribute("expectedFailures"_sr, testRunStats.totals.assertions.failedButOk)
        .writeAttribute("skips"_sr, testRunStats.totals.assertions.skipped);
    m_xml.scopedElement("OverallResultsCases")
        .writeAttribute("successes"_sr, testRunStats.totals.testCases.passed)
        .writeAttribute("failures"_sr, testRunStats.totals.testCases.failed)
        .writeAttribute("expectedFailures"_sr, testRunStats.totals.testCases.failedButOk)
        .writeAttribute("skips"_sr, testRunStats.totals.testCases.skipped);
    m_xml.endElement();
  }

  void XmlReporter::benchmarkPreparing(StringRef name) {
    m_xml.startElement("BenchmarkResults")
        .writeAttribute("name"_sr, name);
  }

  void XmlReporter::benchmarkStarting(BenchmarkInfo const &info) {
    m_xml.writeAttribute("samples"_sr, info.samples)
        .writeAttribute("resamples"_sr, info.resamples)
        .writeAttribute("iterations"_sr, info.iterations)
        .writeAttribute("clockResolution"_sr, info.clockResolution)
        .writeAttribute("estimatedDuration"_sr, info.estimatedDuration)
        .writeComment("All values in nano seconds"_sr);
  }

  void XmlReporter::benchmarkEnded(BenchmarkStats<> const &benchmarkStats) {
    m_xml.scopedElement("mean")
        .writeAttribute("value"_sr, benchmarkStats.mean.point.count())
        .writeAttribute("lowerBound"_sr, benchmarkStats.mean.lower_bound.count())
        .writeAttribute("upperBound"_sr, benchmarkStats.mean.upper_bound.count())
        .writeAttribute("ci"_sr, benchmarkStats.mean.confidence_interval);
    m_xml.scopedElement("standardDeviation")
        .writeAttribute("value"_sr, benchmarkStats.standardDeviation.point.count())
        .writeAttribute("lowerBound"_sr, benchmarkStats.standardDeviation.lower_bound.count())
        .writeAttribute("upperBound"_sr, benchmarkStats.standardDeviation.upper_bound.count())
        .writeAttribute("ci"_sr, benchmarkStats.standardDeviation.confidence_interval);
    m_xml.scopedElement("outliers")
        .writeAttribute("variance"_sr, benchmarkStats.outlierVariance)
        .writeAttribute("lowMild"_sr, benchmarkStats.outliers.low_mild)
        .writeAttribute("lowSevere"_sr, benchmarkStats.outliers.low_severe)
        .writeAttribute("highMild"_sr, benchmarkStats.outliers.high_mild)
        .writeAttribute("highSevere"_sr, benchmarkStats.outliers.high_severe);
    m_xml.endElement();
  }

  void XmlReporter::benchmarkFailed(StringRef error) {
    m_xml.scopedElement("failed").writeAttribute("message"_sr, error);
    m_xml.endElement();
  }

  void XmlReporter::listReporters(std::vector<ReporterDescription> const &descriptions) {
    auto outerTag = m_xml.scopedElement("AvailableReporters");
    for (auto const &reporter : descriptions) {
      auto inner = m_xml.scopedElement("Reporter");
      m_xml.startElement("Name", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(reporter.name, XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
      m_xml.startElement("Description", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(reporter.description, XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
    }
  }

  void XmlReporter::listListeners(std::vector<ListenerDescription> const &descriptions) {
    auto outerTag = m_xml.scopedElement("RegisteredListeners");
    for (auto const &listener : descriptions) {
      auto inner = m_xml.scopedElement("Listener");
      m_xml.startElement("Name", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(listener.name, XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
      m_xml.startElement("Description", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(listener.description, XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
    }
  }

  void XmlReporter::listTests(std::vector<TestCaseHandle> const &tests) {
    auto outerTag = m_xml.scopedElement("MatchingTests");
    for (auto const &test : tests) {
      auto innerTag = m_xml.scopedElement("TestCase");
      auto const &testInfo = test.getTestCaseInfo();
      m_xml.startElement("Name", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(testInfo.name, XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
      m_xml.startElement("ClassName", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(testInfo.className, XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
      m_xml.startElement("Tags", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(testInfo.tagsAsString(), XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);

      auto sourceTag = m_xml.scopedElement("SourceInfo");
      m_xml.startElement("File", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(testInfo.lineInfo.file, XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
      m_xml.startElement("Line", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(std::to_string(testInfo.lineInfo.line), XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
    }
  }

  void XmlReporter::listTags(std::vector<TagInfo> const &tags) {
    auto outerTag = m_xml.scopedElement("TagsFromMatchingTests");
    for (auto const &tag : tags) {
      auto innerTag = m_xml.scopedElement("Tag");
      m_xml.startElement("Count", XmlFormatting::Indent)
          .writeText(std::to_string(tag.count), XmlFormatting::None)
          .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
      auto aliasTag = m_xml.scopedElement("Aliases");
      for (auto const &alias : tag.spellings) {
        m_xml.startElement("Alias", XmlFormatting::Indent)
            .writeText(alias, XmlFormatting::None)
            .endElement(XmlFormatting::Newline);
      }
    }
  }

} // end namespace Catch

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif