Merge 0d53a3cdb1e6be1ee8a3da93702b767dc2b04fb5 into f8e71a548c3d9f2ae2bd2f7bfe1114901f9568a4

refactor(test): comprehensive unit test refactoring

include/libipc/buffer.h

@@ -17,14 +17,16 @@ public:
     buffer();
 
     buffer(void* p, std::size_t s, destructor_t d);
-    buffer(void* p, std::size_t s, destructor_t d, void* additional);
+    // mem_to_free: pointer to be passed to destructor (if different from p)
+    // Use case: when p points into a larger allocated block that needs to be freed
+    buffer(void* p, std::size_t s, destructor_t d, void* mem_to_free);
     buffer(void* p, std::size_t s);
 
     template <std::size_t N>
-    explicit buffer(byte_t const (& data)[N])
+    explicit buffer(byte_t (& data)[N])
         : buffer(data, sizeof(data)) {
     }
-    explicit buffer(char const & c);
+    explicit buffer(char & c);
 
     buffer(buffer&& rhs);
     ~buffer();

include/libipc/shm.h

@@ -17,8 +17,30 @@ enum : unsigned {
 
 IPC_EXPORT id_t         acquire(char const * name, std::size_t size, unsigned mode = create | open);
 IPC_EXPORT void *       get_mem(id_t id, std::size_t * size);
+
+// Release shared memory resource and clean up disk file if reference count reaches zero.
+// This function decrements the reference counter. When the counter reaches zero, it:
+// 1. Unmaps the shared memory region
+// 2. Removes the backing file from disk (shm_unlink on POSIX)
+// 3. Frees the id structure
+// After calling this function, the id becomes invalid and must not be used again.
+// Returns: The reference count before decrement, or -1 on error.
 IPC_EXPORT std::int32_t release(id_t id) noexcept;
+
+// Release shared memory resource and force cleanup of disk file.
+// This function calls release(id) internally, then unconditionally attempts to
+// remove the backing file. WARNING: Do NOT call this after release(id) on the
+// same id, as the id is already freed by release(). Use this function alone,
+// not in combination with release().
+// Typical use case: Force cleanup when you want to ensure the disk file is removed
+// regardless of reference count state.
 IPC_EXPORT void         remove (id_t id) noexcept;
+
+// Remove shared memory backing file by name.
+// This function only removes the disk file and does not affect any active memory
+// mappings or id structures. Use this for cleanup of orphaned files or for explicit
+// file removal without affecting runtime resources.
+// Safe to call at any time, even if shared memory is still in use elsewhere.
 IPC_EXPORT void         remove (char const * name) noexcept;
 
 IPC_EXPORT std::int32_t get_ref(id_t id);

src/libipc/buffer.cpp

@@ -38,16 +38,16 @@ buffer::buffer(void* p, std::size_t s, destructor_t d)
     : p_(p_->make(p, s, d, nullptr)) {
 }
 
-buffer::buffer(void* p, std::size_t s, destructor_t d, void* additional)
-    : p_(p_->make(p, s, d, additional)) {
+buffer::buffer(void* p, std::size_t s, destructor_t d, void* mem_to_free)
+    : p_(p_->make(p, s, d, mem_to_free)) {
 }
 
 buffer::buffer(void* p, std::size_t s)
     : buffer(p, s, nullptr) {
 }
 
-buffer::buffer(char const & c)
-    : buffer(const_cast<char*>(&c), 1) {
+buffer::buffer(char & c)
+    : buffer(&c, 1) {
 }
 
 buffer::buffer(buffer&& rhs)

src/libipc/platform/linux/condition.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public:
                 return false;
             }
         } else {
-            auto ts = detail::make_timespec(tm);
+            auto ts = linux_::detail::make_timespec(tm);
             int eno = A0_SYSERR(a0_cnd_timedwait(native(), static_cast<a0_mtx_t *>(mtx.native()), {ts}));
             if (eno != 0) {
                 if (eno != ETIMEDOUT) {

src/libipc/platform/linux/get_wait_time.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "a0/err_macro.h"
 
 namespace ipc {
+namespace linux_ {
 namespace detail {
 
 inline bool calc_wait_time(timespec &ts, std::uint64_t tm /*ms*/) noexcept {
@@ -43,4 +44,5 @@ inline timespec make_timespec(std::uint64_t tm /*ms*/) noexcept(false) {
 }
 
 } // namespace detail
+} // namespace linux_
 } // namespace ipc

src/libipc/platform/linux/mutex.h

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public:
     bool lock(std::uint64_t tm) noexcept {
         if (!valid()) return false;
         for (;;) {
-            auto ts = detail::make_timespec(tm);
+            auto ts = linux_::detail::make_timespec(tm);
             int eno = A0_SYSERR(
                 (tm == invalid_value) ? a0_mtx_lock(native()) 
                                       : a0_mtx_timedlock(native(), {ts}));
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public:
 
     bool try_lock() noexcept(false) {
         if (!valid()) return false;
-        int eno = A0_SYSERR(a0_mtx_timedlock(native(), {detail::make_timespec(0)}));
+        int eno = A0_SYSERR(a0_mtx_timedlock(native(), {linux_::detail::make_timespec(0)}));
         switch (eno) {
         case 0:
             return true;

src/libipc/platform/posix/condition.h

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public:
             }
             break;
         default: {
-                auto ts = detail::make_timespec(tm);
+                auto ts = posix_::detail::make_timespec(tm);
                 int eno;
                 if ((eno = ::pthread_cond_timedwait(cond_, static_cast<pthread_mutex_t *>(mtx.native()), &ts)) != 0) {
                     if (eno != ETIMEDOUT) {

src/libipc/platform/posix/get_wait_time.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "libipc/utility/log.h"
 
 namespace ipc {
+namespace posix_ {
 namespace detail {
 
 inline bool calc_wait_time(timespec &ts, std::uint64_t tm /*ms*/) noexcept {
@@ -36,4 +37,5 @@ inline timespec make_timespec(std::uint64_t tm /*ms*/) noexcept(false) {
 }
 
 } // namespace detail
+} // namespace posix_
 } // namespace ipc

src/libipc/platform/posix/mutex.h

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ public:
     bool lock(std::uint64_t tm) noexcept {
         if (!valid()) return false;
         for (;;) {
-            auto ts = detail::make_timespec(tm);
+            auto ts = posix_::detail::make_timespec(tm);
             int eno = (tm == invalid_value) 
                 ? ::pthread_mutex_lock(mutex_) 
                 : ::pthread_mutex_timedlock(mutex_, &ts);
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ public:
 
     bool try_lock() noexcept(false) {
         if (!valid()) return false;
-        auto ts = detail::make_timespec(0);
+        auto ts = posix_::detail::make_timespec(0);
         int eno = ::pthread_mutex_timedlock(mutex_, &ts);
         switch (eno) {
         case 0:

src/libipc/platform/posix/semaphore_impl.h

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public:
                 return false;
             }
         } else {
-            auto ts = detail::make_timespec(tm);
+            auto ts = posix_::detail::make_timespec(tm);
             if (::sem_timedwait(h_, &ts) != 0) {
                 if (errno != ETIMEDOUT) {
                     ipc::error("fail sem_timedwait[%d]: tm = %zd, tv_sec = %ld, tv_nsec = %ld\n",

src/libipc/platform/win/shm_win.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <Windows.h>
 #endif
 
+#include <atomic>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 
@@ -20,12 +21,24 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+struct info_t {
+    std::atomic<std::int32_t> acc_;
+};
+
 struct id_info_t {
     HANDLE      h_    = NULL;
     void*       mem_  = nullptr;
     std::size_t size_ = 0;
 };
 
+constexpr std::size_t calc_size(std::size_t size) {
+    return ((((size - 1) / alignof(info_t)) + 1) * alignof(info_t)) + sizeof(info_t);
+}
+
+inline auto& acc_of(void* mem, std::size_t size) {
+    return reinterpret_cast<info_t*>(static_cast<ipc::byte_t*>(mem) + size - sizeof(info_t))->acc_;
+}
+
 } // internal-linkage
 
 namespace ipc {
@@ -48,8 +61,9 @@ id_t acquire(char const * name, std::size_t size, unsigned mode) {
     }
     // Creates or opens a named file mapping object for a specified file.
     else {
+        std::size_t alloc_size = calc_size(size);
         h = ::CreateFileMapping(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, detail::get_sa(), PAGE_READWRITE | SEC_COMMIT,
-                                0, static_cast<DWORD>(size), fmt_name.c_str());
+                                0, static_cast<DWORD>(alloc_size), fmt_name.c_str());
         DWORD err = ::GetLastError();
         // If the object exists before the function call, the function returns a handle to the existing object 
         // (with its current size, not the specified size), and GetLastError returns ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS.
@@ -68,12 +82,28 @@ id_t acquire(char const * name, std::size_t size, unsigned mode) {
     return ii;
 }
 
-std::int32_t get_ref(id_t) {
-    return 0;
+std::int32_t get_ref(id_t id) {
+    if (id == nullptr) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    auto ii = static_cast<id_info_t*>(id);
+    if (ii->mem_ == nullptr || ii->size_ == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return acc_of(ii->mem_, calc_size(ii->size_)).load(std::memory_order_acquire);
 }
 
-void sub_ref(id_t) {
-    // Do Nothing.
+void sub_ref(id_t id) {
+    if (id == nullptr) {
+        ipc::error("fail sub_ref: invalid id (null)\n");
+        return;
+    }
+    auto ii = static_cast<id_info_t*>(id);
+    if (ii->mem_ == nullptr || ii->size_ == 0) {
+        ipc::error("fail sub_ref: invalid id (mem = %p, size = %zd)\n", ii->mem_, ii->size_);
+        return;
+    }
+    acc_of(ii->mem_, calc_size(ii->size_)).fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel);
 }
 
 void * get_mem(id_t id, std::size_t * size) {
@@ -100,9 +130,16 @@ void * get_mem(id_t id, std::size_t * size) {
         ipc::error("fail VirtualQuery[%d]\n", static_cast<int>(::GetLastError()));
         return nullptr;
     }
-    ii->mem_  = mem;
-    ii->size_ = static_cast<std::size_t>(mem_info.RegionSize);
+    std::size_t actual_size = static_cast<std::size_t>(mem_info.RegionSize);
+    if (ii->size_ == 0) {
+        // Opening existing shared memory
+        ii->size_ = actual_size - sizeof(info_t);
+    }
+    // else: Keep user-requested size (already set in acquire)
+    ii->mem_ = mem;
     if (size != nullptr) *size = ii->size_;
+    // Initialize or increment reference counter
+    acc_of(mem, calc_size(ii->size_)).fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_release);
     return static_cast<void *>(mem);
 }
 
@@ -111,17 +148,21 @@ std::int32_t release(id_t id) noexcept {
         ipc::error("fail release: invalid id (null)\n");
         return -1;
     }
+    std::int32_t ret = -1;
     auto ii = static_cast<id_info_t*>(id);
     if (ii->mem_ == nullptr || ii->size_ == 0) {
         ipc::error("fail release: invalid id (mem = %p, size = %zd)\n", ii->mem_, ii->size_);
     }
-    else ::UnmapViewOfFile(static_cast<LPCVOID>(ii->mem_));
+    else {
+        ret = acc_of(ii->mem_, calc_size(ii->size_)).fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel);
+        ::UnmapViewOfFile(static_cast<LPCVOID>(ii->mem_));
+    }
     if (ii->h_ == NULL) {
         ipc::error("fail release: invalid id (h = null)\n");
     }
     else ::CloseHandle(ii->h_);
     mem::free(ii);
-    return 0;
+    return ret;
 }
 
 void remove(id_t id) noexcept {

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -15,11 +15,15 @@ include_directories(
     ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/3rdparty
     ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/3rdparty/gtest/include)
 
+# Collect only new test files (exclude archive directory)
 file(GLOB SRC_FILES
-    ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test/*.cpp
-    # ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test/profiler/*.cpp
+    ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test/test_*.cpp
     )
-file(GLOB HEAD_FILES ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test/*.h)
+file(GLOB HEAD_FILES ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test/test_*.h)
+
+# Ensure we don't include archived tests
+list(FILTER SRC_FILES EXCLUDE REGEX "archive")
+list(FILTER HEAD_FILES EXCLUDE REGEX "archive")
 
 add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC_FILES} ${HEAD_FILES})
 

test/archive/CMakeLists.txt.old

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+project(test-ipc)
+
+if(NOT MSVC)
+  add_compile_options(
+    -Wno-attributes 
+    -Wno-missing-field-initializers 
+    -Wno-unused-variable 
+    -Wno-unused-function)
+endif()
+
+include_directories(
+    ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/include 
+    ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/src
+    ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test
+    ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/3rdparty
+    ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/3rdparty/gtest/include)
+
+file(GLOB SRC_FILES
+    ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test/*.cpp
+    # ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test/profiler/*.cpp
+    )
+file(GLOB HEAD_FILES ${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/test/*.h)
+
+add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC_FILES} ${HEAD_FILES})
+
+link_directories(${LIBIPC_PROJECT_DIR}/3rdparty/gperftools)
+target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} gtest gtest_main ipc)
+#target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} tcmalloc_minimal)

test/archive/test_shm.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+#include <cstring>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <thread>
+
+#include "libipc/shm.h"
+
+#include "test.h"
+
+using namespace ipc::shm;
+
+namespace {
+
+TEST(SHM, acquire) {
+    handle shm_hd;
+    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("my-test-1", 1024));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.valid());
+    EXPECT_STREQ(shm_hd.name(), "my-test-1");
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("my-test-2", 2048));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.valid());
+    EXPECT_STREQ(shm_hd.name(), "my-test-2");
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("my-test-3", 4096));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.valid());
+    EXPECT_STREQ(shm_hd.name(), "my-test-3");
+}
+
+TEST(SHM, release) {
+    handle shm_hd;
+    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
+    shm_hd.release();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("release-test-1", 512));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.valid());
+    shm_hd.release();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
+}
+
+TEST(SHM, get) {
+    handle shm_hd;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.get() == nullptr);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("get-test", 2048));
+
+    auto mem = shm_hd.get();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mem != nullptr);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mem == shm_hd.get());
+
+    std::uint8_t buf[1024] = {};
+    EXPECT_TRUE(memcmp(mem, buf, sizeof(buf)) == 0);
+
+    handle shm_other(shm_hd.name(), shm_hd.size());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_other.get() != shm_hd.get());
+}
+
+TEST(SHM, hello) {
+    handle shm_hd;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("hello-test", 128));
+    auto mem = shm_hd.get();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mem != nullptr);
+
+    constexpr char hello[] = "hello!";
+    std::memcpy(mem, hello, sizeof(hello));
+    EXPECT_STREQ((char const *)shm_hd.get(), hello);
+
+    shm_hd.release();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.get() == nullptr);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("hello-test", 1024));
+
+    mem = shm_hd.get();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mem != nullptr);
+    std::uint8_t buf[1024] = {};
+    EXPECT_TRUE(memcmp(mem, buf, sizeof(buf)) == 0);
+
+    std::memcpy(mem, hello, sizeof(hello));
+    EXPECT_STREQ((char const *)shm_hd.get(), hello);
+}
+
+TEST(SHM, mt) {
+    handle shm_hd;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("mt-test", 256));
+    constexpr char hello[] = "hello!";
+    std::memcpy(shm_hd.get(), hello, sizeof(hello));
+
+    std::thread {
+        [&shm_hd] {
+            handle shm_mt(shm_hd.name(), shm_hd.size());
+            shm_hd.release();
+            constexpr char hello[] = "hello!";
+            EXPECT_STREQ((char const *)shm_mt.get(), hello);
+        }
+    }.join();
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.get() == nullptr);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("mt-test", 1024));
+    std::uint8_t buf[1024] = {};
+    EXPECT_TRUE(memcmp(shm_hd.get(), buf, sizeof(buf)) == 0);
+}
+
+TEST(SHM, remove) {
+    {
+        auto id = ipc::shm::acquire("hello-remove", 111);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", true));
+        ipc::shm::remove(id);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", false));
+    }
+    {
+        auto id = ipc::shm::acquire("hello-remove", 111);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", true));
+        ipc::shm::release(id);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", true));
+        ipc::shm::remove("hello-remove");
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", false));
+    }
+    {
+        handle shm_hd;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("mt-test", 256));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("mt-test", true));
+        shm_hd.clear();
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("mt-test", false));
+    }
+    {
+        handle shm_hd;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("mt-test", 256));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("mt-test", true));
+        shm_hd.clear_storage("mt-test");
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("mt-test", false));
+    }
+}
+
+} // internal-linkage

test/test_buffer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+/**
+ * @file test_buffer.cpp
+ * @brief Comprehensive unit tests for ipc::buffer class
+ * 
+ * This test suite covers all public interfaces of the buffer class including:
+ * - Constructors (default, with pointer and destructor, from array, from char)
+ * - Move semantics
+ * - Copy operations through assignment
+ * - Basic operations (empty, data, size)
+ * - Conversion methods (to_tuple, to_vector, get<T>)
+ * - Comparison operators
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <vector>
+#include "libipc/buffer.h"
+
+using namespace ipc;
+
+namespace {
+
+// Custom destructor tracker for testing
+struct DestructorTracker {
+  static int count;
+  static void reset() { count = 0; }
+  static void destructor(void* p, std::size_t) {
+      ++count;
+      delete[] static_cast<char*>(p);
+  }
+};
+int DestructorTracker::count = 0;
+
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+class BufferTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+      DestructorTracker::reset();
+  }
+};
+
+// Test default constructor
+TEST_F(BufferTest, DefaultConstructor) {
+  buffer buf;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf.empty());
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.size(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.data(), nullptr);
+}
+
+// Test constructor with pointer, size, and destructor
+TEST_F(BufferTest, ConstructorWithDestructor) {
+  const char* test_data = "Hello, World!";
+  std::size_t size = std::strlen(test_data) + 1;
+  char* data = new char[size];
+  std::strcpy(data, test_data);
+  
+  buffer buf(data, size, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf.empty());
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.size(), size);
+  EXPECT_NE(buf.data(), nullptr);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(static_cast<const char*>(buf.data()), test_data);
+}
+
+// Test destructor is called
+TEST_F(BufferTest, DestructorCalled) {
+  {
+      char* data = new char[100];
+      buffer buf(data, 100, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+      EXPECT_EQ(DestructorTracker::count, 0);
+  }
+  EXPECT_EQ(DestructorTracker::count, 1);
+}
+
+// Test constructor with mem_to_free parameter
+// Scenario: allocate a large block, but only use a portion as data
+TEST_F(BufferTest, ConstructorWithMemToFree) {
+  // Allocate a block of 100 bytes
+  char* allocated_block = new char[100];
+  
+  // But only use the middle 50 bytes as data (offset 25)
+  char* data_start = allocated_block + 25;
+  std::strcpy(data_start, "Offset data");
+  
+  // When destroyed, should free the entire allocated_block, not just data_start
+  buffer buf(data_start, 50, DestructorTracker::destructor, allocated_block);
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf.empty());
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.size(), 50u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.data(), data_start);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(static_cast<const char*>(buf.data()), "Offset data");
+  
+  // Destructor will be called with allocated_block (not data_start)
+  // This correctly frees the entire allocation
+}
+
+// Test constructor without destructor
+TEST_F(BufferTest, ConstructorWithoutDestructor) {
+  char stack_data[20] = "Stack data";
+  
+  buffer buf(stack_data, 20);
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf.empty());
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.size(), 20u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.data(), stack_data);
+}
+
+// Test constructor from byte array
+TEST_F(BufferTest, ConstructorFromByteArray) {
+  byte_t data[10] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
+  
+  buffer buf(data);
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf.empty());
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.size(), 10u);
+  
+  const byte_t* buf_data = buf.get<const byte_t*>();
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(buf_data[i], i);
+  }
+}
+
+// Test constructor from single char
+TEST_F(BufferTest, ConstructorFromChar) {
+  char c = 'X';
+  
+  buffer buf(c);
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf.empty());
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.size(), sizeof(char));
+  EXPECT_EQ(*buf.get<const char*>(), 'X');
+}
+
+// Test move constructor
+TEST_F(BufferTest, MoveConstructor) {
+  char* data = new char[30];
+  std::strcpy(data, "Move test");
+  
+  buffer buf1(data, 30, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  void* original_ptr = buf1.data();
+  std::size_t original_size = buf1.size();
+  
+  buffer buf2(std::move(buf1));
+  
+  // buf2 should have the original data
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf2.data(), original_ptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf2.size(), original_size);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf2.empty());
+  
+  // buf1 should be empty after move
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf1.empty());
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf1.size(), 0u);
+}
+
+// Test swap
+TEST_F(BufferTest, Swap) {
+  char* data1 = new char[20];
+  char* data2 = new char[30];
+  std::strcpy(data1, "Buffer 1");
+  std::strcpy(data2, "Buffer 2");
+  
+  buffer buf1(data1, 20, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  buffer buf2(data2, 30, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  
+  void* ptr1 = buf1.data();
+  void* ptr2 = buf2.data();
+  std::size_t size1 = buf1.size();
+  std::size_t size2 = buf2.size();
+  
+  buf1.swap(buf2);
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf1.data(), ptr2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf1.size(), size2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf2.data(), ptr1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf2.size(), size1);
+}
+
+// Test assignment operator (move semantics)
+TEST_F(BufferTest, AssignmentOperator) {
+  char* data = new char[40];
+  std::strcpy(data, "Assignment test");
+  
+  buffer buf1(data, 40, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  void* original_ptr = buf1.data();
+  
+  buffer buf2;
+  buf2 = std::move(buf1);
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf2.data(), original_ptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf2.empty());
+}
+
+// Test empty() method
+TEST_F(BufferTest, EmptyMethod) {
+  buffer buf1;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf1.empty());
+  
+  char* data = new char[10];
+  buffer buf2(data, 10, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf2.empty());
+}
+
+// Test data() const method
+TEST_F(BufferTest, DataConstMethod) {
+  const char* test_str = "Const data test";
+  std::size_t size = std::strlen(test_str) + 1;
+  char* data = new char[size];
+  std::strcpy(data, test_str);
+  
+  const buffer buf(data, size, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  
+  const void* const_data = buf.data();
+  EXPECT_NE(const_data, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(static_cast<const char*>(const_data), test_str);
+}
+
+// Test get<T>() template method
+TEST_F(BufferTest, GetTemplateMethod) {
+  int* int_data = new int[5]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  
+  buffer buf(int_data, 5 * sizeof(int), [](void* p, std::size_t) {
+      delete[] static_cast<int*>(p);
+  });
+  
+  int* retrieved = buf.get<int*>();
+  EXPECT_NE(retrieved, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(retrieved[0], 1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(retrieved[4], 5);
+}
+
+// Test to_tuple() non-const version
+TEST_F(BufferTest, ToTupleNonConst) {
+  char* data = new char[25];
+  std::strcpy(data, "Tuple test");
+  
+  buffer buf(data, 25, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  
+  // C++14 compatible: use std::get instead of structured binding
+  auto tuple = buf.to_tuple();
+  auto ptr = std::get<0>(tuple);
+  auto size = std::get<1>(tuple);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ptr, buf.data());
+  EXPECT_EQ(size, buf.size());
+  EXPECT_EQ(size, 25u);
+}
+
+// Test to_tuple() const version
+TEST_F(BufferTest, ToTupleConst) {
+  char* data = new char[30];
+  std::strcpy(data, "Const tuple");
+  
+  const buffer buf(data, 30, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  
+  // C++14 compatible: use std::get instead of structured binding
+  auto tuple = buf.to_tuple();
+  auto ptr = std::get<0>(tuple);
+  auto size = std::get<1>(tuple);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ptr, buf.data());
+  EXPECT_EQ(size, buf.size());
+  EXPECT_EQ(size, 30u);
+}
+
+// Test to_vector() method
+TEST_F(BufferTest, ToVector) {
+  byte_t data_arr[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
+  
+  buffer buf(data_arr, 5);
+  
+  std::vector<byte_t> vec = buf.to_vector();
+  ASSERT_EQ(vec.size(), 5u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(vec[0], 10);
+  EXPECT_EQ(vec[1], 20);
+  EXPECT_EQ(vec[2], 30);
+  EXPECT_EQ(vec[3], 40);
+  EXPECT_EQ(vec[4], 50);
+}
+
+// Test equality operator
+TEST_F(BufferTest, EqualityOperator) {
+  byte_t data1[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  byte_t data2[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  byte_t data3[5] = {5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
+  
+  buffer buf1(data1, 5);
+  buffer buf2(data2, 5);
+  buffer buf3(data3, 5);
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf1 == buf2);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf1 == buf3);
+}
+
+// Test inequality operator
+TEST_F(BufferTest, InequalityOperator) {
+  byte_t data1[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  byte_t data2[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  byte_t data3[5] = {5, 4, 3, 2, 1};
+  
+  buffer buf1(data1, 5);
+  buffer buf2(data2, 5);
+  buffer buf3(data3, 5);
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf1 != buf2);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf1 != buf3);
+}
+
+// Test size mismatch in equality
+TEST_F(BufferTest, EqualityWithDifferentSizes) {
+  byte_t data1[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  byte_t data2[3] = {1, 2, 3};
+  
+  buffer buf1(data1, 5);
+  buffer buf2(data2, 3);
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf1 == buf2);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf1 != buf2);
+}
+
+// Test empty buffers comparison
+TEST_F(BufferTest, EmptyBuffersComparison) {
+  buffer buf1;
+  buffer buf2;
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf1 == buf2);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf1 != buf2);
+}
+
+// Test large buffer
+TEST_F(BufferTest, LargeBuffer) {
+  const std::size_t large_size = 1024 * 1024; // 1MB
+  char* large_data = new char[large_size];
+  
+  // Fill with pattern
+  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < large_size; ++i) {
+      large_data[i] = static_cast<char>(i % 256);
+  }
+  
+  buffer buf(large_data, large_size, [](void* p, std::size_t) {
+      delete[] static_cast<char*>(p);
+  });
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf.empty());
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.size(), large_size);
+  
+  // Verify pattern
+  const char* data_ptr = buf.get<const char*>();
+  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 100; ++i) { // Check first 100 bytes
+      EXPECT_EQ(data_ptr[i], static_cast<char>(i % 256));
+  }
+}
+
+// Test multiple move operations
+TEST_F(BufferTest, MultipleMoves) {
+  char* data = new char[15];
+  std::strcpy(data, "Multi-move");
+  void* original_ptr = data;
+  
+  buffer buf1(data, 15, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  buffer buf2(std::move(buf1));
+  buffer buf3(std::move(buf2));
+  buffer buf4(std::move(buf3));
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf4.data(), original_ptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf1.empty());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf2.empty());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf3.empty());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(buf4.empty());
+}
+
+// Test self-assignment safety
+TEST_F(BufferTest, SelfAssignment) {
+  char* data = new char[20];
+  std::strcpy(data, "Self-assign");
+  
+  buffer buf(data, 20, DestructorTracker::destructor);
+  void* original_ptr = buf.data();
+  std::size_t original_size = buf.size();
+  
+  buf = std::move(buf); // Self-assignment
+  
+  // Should remain valid
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.data(), original_ptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(buf.size(), original_size);
+}

test/test_condition.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,550 @@
+/**
+ * @file test_condition.cpp
+ * @brief Comprehensive unit tests for ipc::sync::condition class
+ * 
+ * This test suite covers:
+ * - Condition variable construction (default and named)
+ * - Wait, notify, and broadcast operations
+ * - Timed wait with timeout
+ * - Integration with mutex
+ * - Producer-consumer patterns with condition variables
+ * - Resource cleanup
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <vector>
+#include "libipc/condition.h"
+#include "libipc/mutex.h"
+#include "libipc/def.h"
+
+using namespace ipc;
+using namespace ipc::sync;
+
+namespace {
+
+std::string generate_unique_cv_name(const char* prefix) {
+  static int counter = 0;
+  return std::string(prefix) + "_cv_" + std::to_string(++counter);
+}
+
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+class ConditionTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void TearDown() override {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+};
+
+// Test default constructor
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, DefaultConstructor) {
+  condition cv;
+}
+
+// Test named constructor
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, NamedConstructor) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_cv_name("named");
+  
+  condition cv(name.c_str());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+}
+
+// Test native() methods
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, NativeHandle) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_cv_name("native");
+  
+  condition cv(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  
+  const void* const_handle = static_cast<const condition&>(cv).native();
+  void* handle = cv.native();
+  
+  EXPECT_NE(const_handle, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_NE(handle, nullptr);
+}
+
+// Test valid() method
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, Valid) {
+  condition cv1;
+  
+  std::string name = generate_unique_cv_name("valid");
+  condition cv2(name.c_str());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(cv2.valid());
+}
+
+// Test open() method
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, Open) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_cv_name("open");
+  
+  condition cv;
+  bool result = cv.open(name.c_str());
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+}
+
+// Test close() method
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, Close) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_cv_name("close");
+  
+  condition cv(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  
+  cv.close();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cv.valid());
+}
+
+// Test clear() method
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, Clear) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_cv_name("clear");
+  
+  condition cv(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  
+  cv.clear();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cv.valid());
+}
+
+// Test clear_storage() static method
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, ClearStorage) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_cv_name("clear_storage");
+  
+  {
+      condition cv(name.c_str());
+      EXPECT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  }
+  
+  condition::clear_storage(name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test basic wait and notify
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, WaitNotify) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("wait_notify");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("wait_notify_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<bool> notified{false};
+  
+  std::thread waiter([&]() {
+      mtx.lock();
+      cv.wait(mtx);
+      notified.store(true);
+      mtx.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  cv.notify(mtx);
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  waiter.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(notified.load());
+}
+
+// Test broadcast to multiple waiters
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, Broadcast) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("broadcast");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("broadcast_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<int> notified_count{0};
+  const int num_waiters = 5;
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> waiters;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_waiters; ++i) {
+      waiters.emplace_back([&]() {
+          mtx.lock();
+          cv.wait(mtx);
+          ++notified_count;
+          mtx.unlock();
+      });
+  }
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  cv.broadcast(mtx);
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  for (auto& t : waiters) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(notified_count.load(), num_waiters);
+}
+
+// Test timed wait with timeout
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, TimedWait) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("timed_wait");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("timed_wait_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  bool result = cv.wait(mtx, 100); // 100ms timeout
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  auto end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  auto elapsed = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count();
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(result); // Should timeout
+  EXPECT_GE(elapsed, 80); // Allow some tolerance
+}
+
+// Test wait with immediate notify
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, ImmediateNotify) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("immediate");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("immediate_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<bool> wait_started{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> notified{false};
+  
+  std::thread waiter([&]() {
+      mtx.lock();
+      wait_started.store(true);
+      cv.wait(mtx, 1000); // 1 second timeout
+      notified.store(true);
+      mtx.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  // Wait for waiter to start
+  while (!wait_started.load()) {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+  }
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  cv.notify(mtx);
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  waiter.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(notified.load());
+}
+
+// Test producer-consumer with condition variable
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, ProducerConsumer) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("prod_cons");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("prod_cons_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<int> buffer{0};
+  std::atomic<bool> ready{false};
+  std::atomic<int> consumed_value{0};
+  
+  std::thread producer([&]() {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+      
+      mtx.lock();
+      buffer.store(42);
+      ready.store(true);
+      cv.notify(mtx);
+      mtx.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  std::thread consumer([&]() {
+      mtx.lock();
+      while (!ready.load()) {
+          cv.wait(mtx, 2000);
+      }
+      consumed_value.store(buffer.load());
+      mtx.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  producer.join();
+  consumer.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(consumed_value.load(), 42);
+}
+
+// Test multiple notify operations
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, MultipleNotify) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("multi_notify");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("multi_notify_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<int> notify_count{0};
+  const int num_notifications = 3;
+  
+  std::thread waiter([&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < num_notifications; ++i) {
+          mtx.lock();
+          cv.wait(mtx, 1000);
+          ++notify_count;
+          mtx.unlock();
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+      }
+  });
+  
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_notifications; ++i) {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+      mtx.lock();
+      cv.notify(mtx);
+      mtx.unlock();
+  }
+  
+  waiter.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(notify_count.load(), num_notifications);
+}
+
+// Test notify vs broadcast
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, NotifyVsBroadcast) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("notify_vs_broadcast");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("notify_vs_broadcast_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  // Test notify (should wake one)
+  std::atomic<int> notify_woken{0};
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> notify_waiters;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+      notify_waiters.emplace_back([&]() {
+          mtx.lock();
+          cv.wait(mtx, 100);
+          ++notify_woken;
+          mtx.unlock();
+      });
+  }
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  cv.notify(mtx); // Wake one
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(150));
+  
+  for (auto& t : notify_waiters) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  // At least one should be woken by notify
+  EXPECT_GE(notify_woken.load(), 1);
+}
+
+// Test condition variable with spurious wakeups pattern
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, SpuriousWakeupPattern) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("spurious");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("spurious_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<bool> predicate{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> done{false};
+  
+  std::thread waiter([&]() {
+      mtx.lock();
+      while (!predicate.load()) {
+          if (!cv.wait(mtx, 100)) {
+              // Timeout - check predicate again
+              if (predicate.load()) break;
+          }
+      }
+      done.store(true);
+      mtx.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  predicate.store(true);
+  cv.notify(mtx);
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  waiter.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(done.load());
+}
+
+// Test reopen after close
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, ReopenAfterClose) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_cv_name("reopen");
+  
+  condition cv;
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.open(name.c_str()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  
+  cv.close();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cv.valid());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.open(name.c_str()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+}
+
+// Test named condition variable sharing between threads
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, NamedSharing) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("sharing");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("sharing_mtx");
+  
+  std::atomic<int> value{0};
+  
+  std::thread t1([&]() {
+      condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+      mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+      
+      ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+      ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+      
+      mtx.lock();
+      cv.wait(mtx, 1000);
+      value.store(100);
+      mtx.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  std::thread t2([&]() {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+      
+      condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+      mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+      
+      ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+      ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+      
+      mtx.lock();
+      cv.notify(mtx);
+      mtx.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(value.load(), 100);
+}
+
+// Test infinite wait
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, InfiniteWait) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("infinite");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("infinite_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<bool> woken{false};
+  
+  std::thread waiter([&]() {
+      mtx.lock();
+      cv.wait(mtx, invalid_value); // Infinite wait
+      woken.store(true);
+      mtx.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  cv.notify(mtx);
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  waiter.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(woken.load());
+}
+
+// Test broadcast with sequential waiters
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, BroadcastSequential) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("broadcast_seq");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("broadcast_seq_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<int> processed{0};
+  const int num_threads = 4;
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> threads;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i) {
+      threads.emplace_back([&]() {
+          mtx.lock();
+          cv.wait(mtx, 2000);
+          ++processed;
+          mtx.unlock();
+      });
+  }
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  cv.broadcast(mtx);
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  for (auto& t : threads) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(processed.load(), num_threads);
+}
+
+// Test operations after clear
+TEST_F(ConditionTest, AfterClear) {
+  std::string cv_name = generate_unique_cv_name("after_clear");
+  std::string mtx_name = generate_unique_cv_name("after_clear_mtx");
+  
+  condition cv(cv_name.c_str());
+  mutex mtx(mtx_name.c_str());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(cv.valid());
+  
+  cv.clear();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cv.valid());
+  
+  // Operations after clear should fail gracefully
+  mtx.lock();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cv.wait(mtx, 10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cv.notify(mtx));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(cv.broadcast(mtx));
+  mtx.unlock();
+}

test/test_ipc_channel.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,643 @@
+/**
+ * @file test_ipc_channel.cpp
+ * @brief Comprehensive unit tests for ipc::route and ipc::channel classes
+ * 
+ * This test suite covers:
+ * - Route (single producer, multiple consumer) functionality
+ * - Channel (multiple producer, multiple consumer) functionality
+ * - Construction, connection, and disconnection
+ * - Send and receive operations (blocking and non-blocking)
+ * - Timeout handling
+ * - Named channels with prefix
+ * - Resource cleanup and storage management
+ * - Clone operations
+ * - Wait for receiver functionality
+ * - Error conditions
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include "libipc/ipc.h"
+#include "libipc/buffer.h"
+
+using namespace ipc;
+
+namespace {
+
+// Simple latch implementation for C++14 (similar to C++20 std::latch)
+class latch {
+public:
+  explicit latch(std::ptrdiff_t count) : count_(count) {}
+  
+  void count_down() {
+      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+      if (--count_ <= 0) {
+          cv_.notify_all();
+      }
+  }
+  
+  void wait() {
+      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+      cv_.wait(lock, [this] { return count_ <= 0; });
+  }
+
+private:
+  std::ptrdiff_t count_;
+  std::mutex mutex_;
+  std::condition_variable cv_;
+};
+
+std::string generate_unique_ipc_name(const char* prefix) {
+  static int counter = 0;
+  return std::string(prefix) + "_ipc_" + std::to_string(++counter);
+}
+
+// Helper to create a test buffer with data
+buffer make_test_buffer(const std::string& data) {
+  char* mem = new char[data.size() + 1];
+  std::strcpy(mem, data.c_str());
+  return buffer(mem, data.size() + 1, [](void* p, std::size_t) {
+      delete[] static_cast<char*>(p);
+  });
+}
+
+// Helper to check buffer content
+bool check_buffer_content(const buffer& buf, const std::string& expected) {
+  if (buf.empty() || buf.size() != expected.size() + 1) {
+      return false;
+  }
+  return std::strcmp(static_cast<const char*>(buf.data()), expected.c_str()) == 0;
+}
+
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+// ========== Route Tests (Single Producer, Multiple Consumer) ==========
+
+class RouteTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void TearDown() override {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+};
+
+// Test default construction
+TEST_F(RouteTest, DefaultConstruction) {
+  route r;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r.valid());
+}
+
+// Test construction with name
+TEST_F(RouteTest, ConstructionWithName) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_ctor");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(r.name(), name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test construction with prefix
+TEST_F(RouteTest, ConstructionWithPrefix) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_prefix");
+  
+  route r(prefix{"my_prefix"}, name.c_str(), sender);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r.valid());
+}
+
+// Test move constructor
+TEST_F(RouteTest, MoveConstructor) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_move");
+  
+  route r1(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r1.valid());
+  
+  const char* name_ptr = r1.name();
+  
+  route r2(std::move(r1));
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r2.valid());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(r2.name(), name_ptr);
+}
+
+// Test assignment operator
+TEST_F(RouteTest, Assignment) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_assign");
+  
+  route r1(name.c_str(), sender);
+  route r2;
+  
+  r2 = std::move(r1);
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r2.valid());
+}
+
+// Test connect method
+TEST_F(RouteTest, Connect) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_connect");
+  
+  route r;
+  bool connected = r.connect(name.c_str(), sender);
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(connected);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r.valid());
+}
+
+// Test connect with prefix
+TEST_F(RouteTest, ConnectWithPrefix) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_connect_prefix");
+  
+  route r;
+  bool connected = r.connect(prefix{"test"}, name.c_str(), sender);
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(connected);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r.valid());
+}
+
+// Test reconnect
+TEST_F(RouteTest, Reconnect) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_reconnect");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  
+  bool reconnected = r.reconnect(sender | receiver);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(reconnected);
+}
+
+// Test disconnect
+TEST_F(RouteTest, Disconnect) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_disconnect");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  
+  r.disconnect();
+  // After disconnect, behavior depends on implementation
+}
+
+// Test clone
+TEST_F(RouteTest, Clone) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_clone");
+  
+  route r1(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r1.valid());
+  
+  route r2 = r1.clone();
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r2.valid());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(r1.name(), r2.name());
+}
+
+// Test mode accessor
+TEST_F(RouteTest, Mode) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_mode");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  EXPECT_EQ(r.mode(), sender);
+}
+
+// Test release
+TEST_F(RouteTest, Release) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_release");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  
+  r.release();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r.valid());
+}
+
+// Test clear
+TEST_F(RouteTest, Clear) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_clear");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  
+  r.clear();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r.valid());
+}
+
+// Test clear_storage static method
+TEST_F(RouteTest, ClearStorage) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_clear_storage");
+  
+  {
+      route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+      EXPECT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  }
+  
+  route::clear_storage(name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test clear_storage with prefix
+TEST_F(RouteTest, ClearStorageWithPrefix) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_clear_prefix");
+  
+  {
+      route r(prefix{"test"}, name.c_str(), sender);
+      EXPECT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  }
+  
+  route::clear_storage(prefix{"test"}, name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test send without receiver (should fail)
+TEST_F(RouteTest, SendWithoutReceiver) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_send_no_recv");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  
+  buffer buf = make_test_buffer("test");
+  bool sent = r.send(buf, 10); // 10ms timeout
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sent); // Should fail - no receiver
+}
+
+// Test try_send without receiver
+TEST_F(RouteTest, TrySendWithoutReceiver) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_try_send_no_recv");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  
+  buffer buf = make_test_buffer("test");
+  bool sent = r.try_send(buf, 10);
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sent);
+}
+
+// Test send and receive with buffer
+TEST_F(RouteTest, SendReceiveBuffer) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_send_recv_buf");
+  
+  route sender_r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  route receiver_r(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sender_r.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(receiver_r.valid());
+  
+  buffer send_buf = make_test_buffer("Hello Route");
+  
+  std::thread sender_thread([&]() {
+      bool sent = sender_r.send(send_buf);
+      EXPECT_TRUE(sent);
+  });
+  
+  std::thread receiver_thread([&]() {
+      buffer recv_buf = receiver_r.recv();
+      EXPECT_TRUE(check_buffer_content(recv_buf, "Hello Route"));
+  });
+  
+  sender_thread.join();
+  receiver_thread.join();
+}
+
+// Test send and receive with string
+TEST_F(RouteTest, SendReceiveString) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_send_recv_str");
+  
+  route sender_r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  route receiver_r(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sender_r.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(receiver_r.valid());
+  
+  std::string test_str = "Test String";
+  
+  std::thread sender_thread([&]() {
+      bool sent = sender_r.send(test_str);
+      EXPECT_TRUE(sent);
+  });
+  
+  std::thread receiver_thread([&]() {
+      buffer recv_buf = receiver_r.recv();
+      EXPECT_TRUE(check_buffer_content(recv_buf, test_str));
+  });
+  
+  sender_thread.join();
+  receiver_thread.join();
+}
+
+// Test send and receive with raw data
+TEST_F(RouteTest, SendReceiveRawData) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_send_recv_raw");
+  
+  route sender_r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  route receiver_r(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sender_r.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(receiver_r.valid());
+  
+  const char* data = "Raw Data Test";
+  std::size_t size = std::strlen(data) + 1;
+  
+  std::thread sender_thread([&]() {
+      bool sent = sender_r.send(data, size);
+      EXPECT_TRUE(sent);
+  });
+  
+  std::thread receiver_thread([&]() {
+      buffer recv_buf = receiver_r.recv();
+      EXPECT_EQ(recv_buf.size(), size);
+      EXPECT_STREQ(static_cast<const char*>(recv_buf.data()), data);
+  });
+  
+  sender_thread.join();
+  receiver_thread.join();
+}
+
+// Test try_recv when empty
+TEST_F(RouteTest, TryRecvEmpty) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_try_recv_empty");
+  
+  route r(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r.valid());
+  
+  buffer buf = r.try_recv();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(buf.empty());
+}
+
+// Test recv_count
+TEST_F(RouteTest, RecvCount) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_recv_count");
+  
+  route sender_r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  route receiver_r(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sender_r.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(receiver_r.valid());
+  
+  std::size_t count = sender_r.recv_count();
+  EXPECT_GE(count, 0u);
+}
+
+// Test wait_for_recv
+TEST_F(RouteTest, WaitForRecv) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_wait_recv");
+  
+  route sender_r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  
+  std::thread receiver_thread([&]() {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+      route receiver_r(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  });
+  
+  bool waited = sender_r.wait_for_recv(1, 500);
+  
+  receiver_thread.join();
+  
+  // Result depends on timing
+}
+
+// Test static wait_for_recv
+TEST_F(RouteTest, StaticWaitForRecv) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_static_wait");
+  
+  std::thread receiver_thread([&]() {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+      route receiver_r(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  });
+  
+  bool waited = route::wait_for_recv(name.c_str(), 1, 500);
+  
+  receiver_thread.join();
+}
+
+// Test one sender, multiple receivers
+TEST_F(RouteTest, OneSenderMultipleReceivers) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("route_1_to_n");
+  
+  route sender_r(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sender_r.valid());
+  
+  const int num_receivers = 3;
+  std::vector<std::atomic<bool>> received(num_receivers);
+  for (auto& r : received) r.store(false);
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> receivers;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_receivers; ++i) {
+      receivers.emplace_back([&, i]() {
+          route receiver_r(name.c_str(), receiver);
+          buffer buf = receiver_r.recv(1000);
+          if (check_buffer_content(buf, "Broadcast")) {
+              received[i].store(true);
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+  
+  sender_r.send(std::string("Broadcast"));
+  
+  for (auto& t : receivers) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  // All receivers should receive the message (broadcast)
+  for (const auto& r : received) {
+      EXPECT_TRUE(r.load());
+  }
+}
+
+// ========== Channel Tests (Multiple Producer, Multiple Consumer) ==========
+
+class ChannelTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void TearDown() override {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+};
+
+// Test default construction
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, DefaultConstruction) {
+  channel ch;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(ch.valid());
+}
+
+// Test construction with name
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, ConstructionWithName) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("channel_ctor");
+  
+  channel ch(name.c_str(), sender);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(ch.valid());
+  EXPECT_STREQ(ch.name(), name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test send and receive
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, SendReceive) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("channel_send_recv");
+  
+  channel sender_ch(name.c_str(), sender);
+  channel receiver_ch(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sender_ch.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(receiver_ch.valid());
+  
+  std::thread sender_thread([&]() {
+      sender_ch.send(std::string("Channel Test"));
+  });
+  
+  std::thread receiver_thread([&]() {
+      buffer buf = receiver_ch.recv();
+      EXPECT_TRUE(check_buffer_content(buf, "Channel Test"));
+  });
+  
+  sender_thread.join();
+  receiver_thread.join();
+}
+
+// Test multiple senders
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, MultipleSenders) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("channel_multi_send");
+  
+  channel receiver_ch(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(receiver_ch.valid());
+  
+  const int num_senders = 3;
+  std::atomic<int> received_count{0};
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> senders;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_senders; ++i) {
+      senders.emplace_back([&, i]() {
+          channel sender_ch(name.c_str(), sender);
+          std::string msg = "Sender" + std::to_string(i);
+          sender_ch.send(msg);
+      });
+  }
+  
+  std::thread receiver([&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < num_senders; ++i) {
+          buffer buf = receiver_ch.recv(1000);
+          if (!buf.empty()) {
+              ++received_count;
+          }
+      }
+  });
+  
+  for (auto& t : senders) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  receiver.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(received_count.load(), num_senders);
+}
+
+// Test multiple senders and receivers
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, MultipleSendersReceivers) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("channel_m_to_n");
+  
+  const int num_senders = 2;
+  const int num_receivers = 2;
+  const int messages_per_sender = 5;
+  const int total_messages = num_senders * messages_per_sender;  // Each receiver should get all messages
+  
+  std::atomic<int> sent_count{0};
+  std::atomic<int> received_count{0};
+  
+  // Use latch to ensure receivers are ready before senders start
+  latch receivers_ready(num_receivers);
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> receivers;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_receivers; ++i) {
+      receivers.emplace_back([&, i]() {
+          channel ch(name.c_str(), receiver);
+          receivers_ready.count_down();  // Signal this receiver is ready
+          
+          // Each receiver should receive ALL messages from ALL senders (broadcast mode)
+          for (int j = 0; j < total_messages; ++j) {
+              buffer buf = ch.recv(2000);
+              if (!buf.empty()) {
+                  ++received_count;
+              }
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  // Wait for all receivers to be ready
+  receivers_ready.wait();
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> senders;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_senders; ++i) {
+      senders.emplace_back([&, i]() {
+          channel ch(name.c_str(), sender);
+          for (int j = 0; j < messages_per_sender; ++j) {
+              std::string msg = "S" + std::to_string(i) + "M" + std::to_string(j);
+              if (ch.send(msg, 1000)) {
+                  ++sent_count;
+              }
+              std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  for (auto& t : senders) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  for (auto& t : receivers) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(sent_count.load(), num_senders * messages_per_sender);
+  // All messages should be received (broadcast mode)
+  EXPECT_EQ(received_count.load(), num_senders * messages_per_sender * num_receivers);
+}
+
+// Test try_send and try_recv
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, TrySendTryRecv) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("channel_try");
+  
+  channel sender_ch(name.c_str(), sender);
+  channel receiver_ch(name.c_str(), receiver);
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sender_ch.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(receiver_ch.valid());
+  
+  bool sent = sender_ch.try_send(std::string("Try Test"));
+  
+  if (sent) {
+      buffer buf = receiver_ch.try_recv();
+      EXPECT_FALSE(buf.empty());
+  }
+}
+
+// Test timeout scenarios
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, SendTimeout) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("channel_timeout");
+  
+  channel ch(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(ch.valid());
+  
+  // Send with very short timeout (may fail without receiver)
+  bool sent = ch.send(std::string("Timeout Test"), 1);
+}
+
+// Test clear and clear_storage
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, ClearStorage) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("channel_clear");
+  
+  {
+      channel ch(name.c_str(), sender);
+      EXPECT_TRUE(ch.valid());
+  }
+  
+  channel::clear_storage(name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test handle() method
+TEST_F(ChannelTest, Handle) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_ipc_name("channel_handle");
+  
+  channel ch(name.c_str(), sender);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(ch.valid());
+  
+  handle_t h = ch.handle();
+  EXPECT_NE(h, nullptr);
+}

test/test_locks.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,613 @@
+/**
+ * @file test_locks.cpp
+ * @brief Comprehensive unit tests for ipc::rw_lock and ipc::spin_lock classes
+ * 
+ * This test suite covers:
+ * - spin_lock: basic lock/unlock operations
+ * - rw_lock: read-write lock functionality
+ * - rw_lock: exclusive (write) locks
+ * - rw_lock: shared (read) locks
+ * - Concurrent access patterns
+ * - Reader-writer scenarios
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <vector>
+#include "libipc/rw_lock.h"
+
+using namespace ipc;
+
+// ========== spin_lock Tests ==========
+
+class SpinLockTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void TearDown() override {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(5));
+  }
+};
+
+// Test basic lock and unlock
+TEST_F(SpinLockTest, BasicLockUnlock) {
+  spin_lock lock;
+  
+  lock.lock();
+  lock.unlock();
+  
+  // Should complete without hanging
+}
+
+// Test multiple lock/unlock cycles
+TEST_F(SpinLockTest, MultipleCycles) {
+  spin_lock lock;
+  
+  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+      lock.lock();
+      lock.unlock();
+  }
+}
+
+// Test critical section protection
+TEST_F(SpinLockTest, CriticalSection) {
+  spin_lock lock;
+  int counter = 0;
+  const int iterations = 1000;
+  
+  auto increment_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < iterations; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          ++counter;
+          lock.unlock();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(increment_task);
+  std::thread t2(increment_task);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(counter, iterations * 2);
+}
+
+// Test mutual exclusion
+TEST_F(SpinLockTest, MutualExclusion) {
+  spin_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<bool> thread1_in_cs{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> thread2_in_cs{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> violation{false};
+  
+  auto cs_task = [&](std::atomic<bool>& my_flag, std::atomic<bool>& other_flag) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          
+          my_flag.store(true);
+          if (other_flag.load()) {
+              violation.store(true);
+          }
+          
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(10));
+          
+          my_flag.store(false);
+          lock.unlock();
+          
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(cs_task, std::ref(thread1_in_cs), std::ref(thread2_in_cs));
+  std::thread t2(cs_task, std::ref(thread2_in_cs), std::ref(thread1_in_cs));
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(violation.load());
+}
+
+// Test concurrent access
+TEST_F(SpinLockTest, ConcurrentAccess) {
+  spin_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<int> shared_data{0};
+  const int num_threads = 4;
+  const int ops_per_thread = 100;
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> threads;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i) {
+      threads.emplace_back([&]() {
+          for (int j = 0; j < ops_per_thread; ++j) {
+              lock.lock();
+              int temp = shared_data.load();
+              std::this_thread::yield();
+              shared_data.store(temp + 1);
+              lock.unlock();
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  for (auto& t : threads) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(shared_data.load(), num_threads * ops_per_thread);
+}
+
+// Test rapid lock/unlock
+TEST_F(SpinLockTest, RapidLockUnlock) {
+  spin_lock lock;
+  
+  auto rapid_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 10000; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          lock.unlock();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(rapid_task);
+  std::thread t2(rapid_task);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  // Should complete without deadlock
+}
+
+// Test contention scenario
+TEST_F(SpinLockTest, Contention) {
+  spin_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<int> work_done{0};
+  const int num_threads = 8;
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> threads;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i) {
+      threads.emplace_back([&]() {
+          for (int j = 0; j < 50; ++j) {
+              lock.lock();
+              ++work_done;
+              std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(100));
+              lock.unlock();
+              std::this_thread::yield();
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  for (auto& t : threads) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(work_done.load(), num_threads * 50);
+}
+
+// ========== rw_lock Tests ==========
+
+class RWLockTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void TearDown() override {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(5));
+  }
+};
+
+// Test basic write lock and unlock
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, BasicWriteLock) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  
+  lock.lock();
+  lock.unlock();
+  
+  // Should complete without hanging
+}
+
+// Test basic read lock and unlock
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, BasicReadLock) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  
+  lock.lock_shared();
+  lock.unlock_shared();
+  
+  // Should complete without hanging
+}
+
+// Test multiple write cycles
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, MultipleWriteCycles) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  
+  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+      lock.lock();
+      lock.unlock();
+  }
+}
+
+// Test multiple read cycles
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, MultipleReadCycles) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  
+  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+      lock.lock_shared();
+      lock.unlock_shared();
+  }
+}
+
+// Test write lock protects data
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, WriteLockProtection) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  int data = 0;
+  const int iterations = 500;
+  
+  auto writer_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < iterations; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          ++data;
+          lock.unlock();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(writer_task);
+  std::thread t2(writer_task);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(data, iterations * 2);
+}
+
+// Test multiple readers can access concurrently
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, ConcurrentReaders) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<int> concurrent_readers{0};
+  std::atomic<int> max_concurrent{0};
+  
+  const int num_readers = 5;
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> readers;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_readers; ++i) {
+      readers.emplace_back([&]() {
+          for (int j = 0; j < 20; ++j) {
+              lock.lock_shared();
+              
+              int current = ++concurrent_readers;
+              
+              // Track maximum concurrent readers
+              int current_max = max_concurrent.load();
+              while (current > current_max) {
+                  if (max_concurrent.compare_exchange_weak(current_max, current)) {
+                      break;
+                  }
+              }
+              
+              std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(100));
+              
+              --concurrent_readers;
+              lock.unlock_shared();
+              
+              std::this_thread::yield();
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  for (auto& t : readers) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  // Should have had multiple concurrent readers
+  EXPECT_GT(max_concurrent.load(), 1);
+}
+
+// Test writers have exclusive access
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, WriterExclusiveAccess) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<bool> writer_in_cs{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> violation{false};
+  
+  auto writer_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 50; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          
+          if (writer_in_cs.exchange(true)) {
+              violation.store(true);
+          }
+          
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(50));
+          
+          writer_in_cs.store(false);
+          lock.unlock();
+          
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(writer_task);
+  std::thread t2(writer_task);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(violation.load());
+}
+
+// Test readers and writers don't overlap
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, ReadersWritersNoOverlap) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<int> readers{0};
+  std::atomic<bool> writer_active{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> violation{false};
+  
+  auto reader_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 30; ++i) {
+          lock.lock_shared();
+          
+          ++readers;
+          if (writer_active.load()) {
+              violation.store(true);
+          }
+          
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(50));
+          
+          --readers;
+          lock.unlock_shared();
+          
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  auto writer_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 15; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          
+          writer_active.store(true);
+          if (readers.load() > 0) {
+              violation.store(true);
+          }
+          
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(50));
+          
+          writer_active.store(false);
+          lock.unlock();
+          
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread r1(reader_task);
+  std::thread r2(reader_task);
+  std::thread w1(writer_task);
+  
+  r1.join();
+  r2.join();
+  w1.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_FALSE(violation.load());
+}
+
+// Test read-write-read pattern
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, ReadWriteReadPattern) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  int data = 0;
+  std::atomic<int> iterations{0};
+  
+  auto pattern_task = [&](int id) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
+          // Write: increment based on thread id
+          lock.lock();
+          data += id;
+          lock.unlock();
+          
+          iterations.fetch_add(1);
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+          
+          // Read: verify data is consistent
+          lock.lock_shared();
+          int read_val = data;
+          EXPECT_GE(read_val, 0);  // Data should be non-negative
+          lock.unlock_shared();
+          
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(pattern_task, 1);
+  std::thread t2(pattern_task, 2);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  // Each thread increments by its id (1 or 2), 20 times each
+  // Total = 1*20 + 2*20 = 20 + 40 = 60
+  EXPECT_EQ(data, 60);
+  EXPECT_EQ(iterations.load(), 40);
+}
+
+// Test many readers, one writer
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, ManyReadersOneWriter) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<int> data{0};
+  std::atomic<int> read_count{0};
+  
+  const int num_readers = 10;
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> readers;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_readers; ++i) {
+      readers.emplace_back([&]() {
+          for (int j = 0; j < 50; ++j) {
+              lock.lock_shared();
+              int val = data.load();
+              ++read_count;
+              lock.unlock_shared();
+              std::this_thread::yield();
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  std::thread writer([&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          data.store(data.load() + 1);
+          lock.unlock();
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  });
+  
+  for (auto& t : readers) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  writer.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(data.load(), 100);
+  EXPECT_EQ(read_count.load(), num_readers * 50);
+}
+
+// Test rapid read lock/unlock
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, RapidReadLocks) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  
+  auto rapid_read = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 5000; ++i) {
+          lock.lock_shared();
+          lock.unlock_shared();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(rapid_read);
+  std::thread t2(rapid_read);
+  std::thread t3(rapid_read);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  t3.join();
+}
+
+// Test rapid write lock/unlock
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, RapidWriteLocks) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  
+  auto rapid_write = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 2000; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          lock.unlock();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(rapid_write);
+  std::thread t2(rapid_write);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+}
+
+// Test mixed rapid operations
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, MixedRapidOperations) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  
+  auto rapid_read = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+          lock.lock_shared();
+          lock.unlock_shared();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  auto rapid_write = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 500; ++i) {
+          lock.lock();
+          lock.unlock();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread r1(rapid_read);
+  std::thread r2(rapid_read);
+  std::thread w1(rapid_write);
+  
+  r1.join();
+  r2.join();
+  w1.join();
+}
+
+// Test write lock doesn't allow concurrent readers
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, WriteLockBlocksReaders) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<bool> write_locked{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> reader_entered{false};
+  
+  std::thread writer([&]() {
+      lock.lock();
+      write_locked.store(true);
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
+      write_locked.store(false);
+      lock.unlock();
+  });
+  
+  std::thread reader([&]() {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(20));
+      
+      lock.lock_shared();
+      if (write_locked.load()) {
+          reader_entered.store(true);
+      }
+      lock.unlock_shared();
+  });
+  
+  writer.join();
+  reader.join();
+  
+  // Reader should not have entered while writer held the lock
+  EXPECT_FALSE(reader_entered.load());
+}
+
+// Test multiple write lock upgrades
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, MultipleWriteLockPattern) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  int data = 0;
+  
+  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+      // Read
+      lock.lock_shared();
+      int temp = data;
+      lock.unlock_shared();
+      
+      // Write
+      lock.lock();
+      data = temp + 1;
+      lock.unlock();
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(data, 100);
+}
+
+// Test concurrent mixed operations
+TEST_F(RWLockTest, ConcurrentMixedOperations) {
+  rw_lock lock;
+  std::atomic<int> data{0};
+  std::atomic<int> reads{0};
+  std::atomic<int> writes{0};
+  
+  auto mixed_task = [&](int id) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 50; ++i) {
+          if (i % 3 == 0) {
+              // Write operation
+              lock.lock();
+              data.store(data.load() + 1);
+              ++writes;
+              lock.unlock();
+          } else {
+              // Read operation
+              lock.lock_shared();
+              int val = data.load();
+              ++reads;
+              lock.unlock_shared();
+          }
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(mixed_task, 1);
+  std::thread t2(mixed_task, 2);
+  std::thread t3(mixed_task, 3);
+  std::thread t4(mixed_task, 4);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  t3.join();
+  t4.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_GT(reads.load(), 0);
+  EXPECT_GT(writes.load(), 0);
+}

test/test_mutex.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,501 @@
+/**
+ * @file test_mutex.cpp
+ * @brief Comprehensive unit tests for ipc::sync::mutex class
+ * 
+ * This test suite covers:
+ * - Mutex construction (default and named)
+ * - Lock/unlock operations
+ * - Try-lock functionality
+ * - Timed lock with timeout
+ * - Named mutex for inter-process synchronization
+ * - Resource cleanup (clear, clear_storage)
+ * - Native handle access
+ * - Concurrent access scenarios
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <vector>
+#include "libipc/mutex.h"
+#include "libipc/def.h"
+
+using namespace ipc;
+using namespace ipc::sync;
+
+namespace {
+
+// Generate unique mutex names for tests
+std::string generate_unique_mutex_name(const char* prefix) {
+  static int counter = 0;
+  return std::string(prefix) + "_mutex_" + std::to_string(++counter);
+}
+
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+class MutexTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void TearDown() override {
+      // Allow time for cleanup
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+};
+
+// Test default constructor
+TEST_F(MutexTest, DefaultConstructor) {
+  mutex mtx;
+  // Default constructed mutex may or may not be valid depending on implementation
+  // Just ensure it doesn't crash
+}
+
+// Test named constructor
+TEST_F(MutexTest, NamedConstructor) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("named_ctor");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+}
+
+// Test native() const method
+TEST_F(MutexTest, NativeConst) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("native_const");
+  
+  const mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  const void* native_handle = mtx.native();
+  
+  EXPECT_NE(native_handle, nullptr);
+}
+
+// Test native() non-const method
+TEST_F(MutexTest, NativeNonConst) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("native_nonconst");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  void* native_handle = mtx.native();
+  
+  EXPECT_NE(native_handle, nullptr);
+}
+
+// Test valid() method
+TEST_F(MutexTest, Valid) {
+  mutex mtx1;
+  // May or may not be valid without open
+  
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("valid");
+  mutex mtx2(name.c_str());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mtx2.valid());
+}
+
+// Test open() method
+TEST_F(MutexTest, Open) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("open");
+  
+  mutex mtx;
+  bool result = mtx.open(name.c_str());
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+}
+
+// Test close() method
+TEST_F(MutexTest, Close) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("close");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  mtx.close();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mtx.valid());
+}
+
+// Test clear() method
+TEST_F(MutexTest, Clear) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("clear");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  mtx.clear();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mtx.valid());
+}
+
+// Test clear_storage() static method
+TEST_F(MutexTest, ClearStorage) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("clear_storage");
+  
+  {
+      mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+      EXPECT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  }
+  
+  mutex::clear_storage(name.c_str());
+  
+  // Try to open after clear - should create new or fail gracefully
+  mutex mtx2(name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test basic lock and unlock
+TEST_F(MutexTest, LockUnlock) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("lock_unlock");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  bool locked = mtx.lock();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(locked);
+  
+  bool unlocked = mtx.unlock();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(unlocked);
+}
+
+// Test try_lock
+TEST_F(MutexTest, TryLock) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("try_lock");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  bool locked = mtx.try_lock();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(locked);
+  
+  if (locked) {
+      mtx.unlock();
+  }
+}
+
+// Test timed lock with infinite timeout
+TEST_F(MutexTest, TimedLockInfinite) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("timed_lock_inf");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  bool locked = mtx.lock(invalid_value);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(locked);
+  
+  if (locked) {
+      mtx.unlock();
+  }
+}
+
+// Test timed lock with timeout
+TEST_F(MutexTest, TimedLockTimeout) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("timed_lock_timeout");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  // Lock with 100ms timeout
+  bool locked = mtx.lock(100);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(locked);
+  
+  if (locked) {
+      mtx.unlock();
+  }
+}
+
+// Test mutex protects critical section
+TEST_F(MutexTest, CriticalSection) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("critical_section");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  int shared_counter = 0;
+  const int iterations = 100;
+  
+  auto increment_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < iterations; ++i) {
+          mtx.lock();
+          ++shared_counter;
+          mtx.unlock();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(increment_task);
+  std::thread t2(increment_task);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(shared_counter, iterations * 2);
+}
+
+// Test concurrent try_lock
+TEST_F(MutexTest, ConcurrentTryLock) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("concurrent_try");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<int> success_count{0};
+  std::atomic<int> fail_count{0};
+  
+  auto try_lock_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+          if (mtx.try_lock()) {
+              ++success_count;
+              std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+              mtx.unlock();
+          } else {
+              ++fail_count;
+          }
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(try_lock_task);
+  std::thread t2(try_lock_task);
+  std::thread t3(try_lock_task);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  t3.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_GT(success_count.load(), 0);
+  // Some try_locks should succeed
+}
+
+// Test lock contention
+TEST_F(MutexTest, LockContention) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("contention");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<bool> thread1_in_cs{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> thread2_in_cs{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> violation{false};
+  
+  auto contention_task = [&](std::atomic<bool>& my_flag, 
+                              std::atomic<bool>& other_flag) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 50; ++i) {
+          mtx.lock();
+          
+          my_flag.store(true);
+          if (other_flag.load()) {
+              violation.store(true);
+          }
+          
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(10));
+          
+          my_flag.store(false);
+          mtx.unlock();
+          
+          std::this_thread::yield();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(contention_task, std::ref(thread1_in_cs), std::ref(thread2_in_cs));
+  std::thread t2(contention_task, std::ref(thread2_in_cs), std::ref(thread1_in_cs));
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  // Should never have both threads in critical section
+  EXPECT_FALSE(violation.load());
+}
+
+// Test multiple lock/unlock cycles
+TEST_F(MutexTest, MultipleCycles) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("cycles");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
+      ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.lock());
+      ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.unlock());
+  }
+}
+
+// Test timed lock timeout scenario
+TEST_F(MutexTest, TimedLockTimeoutScenario) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("timeout_scenario");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  // Lock in main thread
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.lock());
+  
+  std::atomic<bool> timeout_occurred{false};
+  
+  std::thread t([&]() {
+      // Try to lock with short timeout - should timeout
+      bool locked = mtx.lock(50); // 50ms timeout
+      if (!locked) {
+          timeout_occurred.store(true);
+      } else {
+          mtx.unlock();
+      }
+  });
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(100));
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  t.join();
+  
+  // Timeout should have occurred since we held the lock
+  EXPECT_TRUE(timeout_occurred.load());
+}
+
+// Test reopen after close
+TEST_F(MutexTest, ReopenAfterClose) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("reopen");
+  
+  mutex mtx;
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.open(name.c_str()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  mtx.close();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.open(name.c_str()));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+}
+
+// Test named mutex inter-thread synchronization
+TEST_F(MutexTest, NamedMutexInterThread) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("inter_thread");
+  
+  int shared_data = 0;
+  std::atomic<bool> t1_done{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> t2_done{false};
+  
+  std::thread t1([&]() {
+      mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+      ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+      
+      mtx.lock();
+      shared_data = 100;
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+      mtx.unlock();
+      
+      t1_done.store(true);
+  });
+  
+  std::thread t2([&]() {
+      // Wait a bit to ensure t1 starts first
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+      
+      mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+      ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+      
+      mtx.lock();
+      EXPECT_TRUE(t1_done.load() || shared_data == 100);
+      shared_data = 200;
+      mtx.unlock();
+      
+      t2_done.store(true);
+  });
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(shared_data, 200);
+}
+
+// Test exception safety of try_lock
+TEST_F(MutexTest, TryLockExceptionSafety) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("try_lock_exception");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  bool exception_thrown = false;
+  try {
+      mtx.try_lock();
+  } catch (const std::system_error&) {
+      exception_thrown = true;
+  } catch (...) {
+      FAIL() << "Unexpected exception type";
+  }
+  
+  // try_lock may throw system_error
+  // Just ensure we can handle it
+}
+
+// Test concurrent open/close operations
+TEST_F(MutexTest, ConcurrentOpenClose) {
+  std::vector<std::thread> threads;
+  std::atomic<int> success_count{0};
+  
+  for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+      threads.emplace_back([&, i]() {
+          std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("concurrent");
+          name += std::to_string(i);
+          
+          mutex mtx;
+          if (mtx.open(name.c_str())) {
+              ++success_count;
+              mtx.close();
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  for (auto& t : threads) {
+      t.join();
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(success_count.load(), 5);
+}
+
+// Test mutex with zero timeout
+TEST_F(MutexTest, ZeroTimeout) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("zero_timeout");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  // Lock with zero timeout (should try once and return)
+  bool locked = mtx.lock(0);
+  
+  if (locked) {
+      mtx.unlock();
+  }
+  // Result may vary, just ensure it doesn't hang
+}
+
+// Test rapid lock/unlock sequence
+TEST_F(MutexTest, RapidLockUnlock) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("rapid");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  auto rapid_task = [&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+          mtx.lock();
+          mtx.unlock();
+      }
+  };
+  
+  std::thread t1(rapid_task);
+  std::thread t2(rapid_task);
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  // Should complete without deadlock or crash
+}
+
+// Test lock after clear
+TEST_F(MutexTest, LockAfterClear) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_mutex_name("lock_after_clear");
+  
+  mutex mtx(name.c_str());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  mtx.lock();
+  mtx.unlock();
+  
+  mtx.clear();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(mtx.valid());
+  
+  // Attempting to lock after clear should fail gracefully
+  bool locked = mtx.lock();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(locked);
+}

test/test_semaphore.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,487 @@
+/**
+ * @file test_semaphore.cpp
+ * @brief Comprehensive unit tests for ipc::sync::semaphore class
+ * 
+ * This test suite covers:
+ * - Semaphore construction (default and named with count)
+ * - Wait and post operations
+ * - Timed wait with timeout
+ * - Named semaphore for inter-process synchronization
+ * - Resource cleanup (clear, clear_storage)
+ * - Producer-consumer patterns
+ * - Multiple wait/post scenarios
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <vector>
+#include "libipc/semaphore.h"
+#include "libipc/def.h"
+
+using namespace ipc;
+using namespace ipc::sync;
+
+namespace {
+
+std::string generate_unique_sem_name(const char* prefix) {
+  static int counter = 0;
+  return std::string(prefix) + "_sem_" + std::to_string(++counter);
+}
+
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+class SemaphoreTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void TearDown() override {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
+  }
+};
+
+// Test default constructor
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, DefaultConstructor) {
+  semaphore sem;
+  // Default constructed semaphore
+}
+
+// Test named constructor with count
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, NamedConstructorWithCount) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("named_count");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 5);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+}
+
+// Test named constructor with zero count
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, NamedConstructorZeroCount) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("zero_count");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+}
+
+// Test native() methods
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, NativeHandle) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("native");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  const void* const_handle = static_cast<const semaphore&>(sem).native();
+  void* handle = sem.native();
+  
+  EXPECT_NE(const_handle, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_NE(handle, nullptr);
+}
+
+// Test valid() method
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, Valid) {
+  semaphore sem1;
+  
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("valid");
+  semaphore sem2(name.c_str(), 1);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(sem2.valid());
+}
+
+// Test open() method
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, Open) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("open");
+  
+  semaphore sem;
+  bool result = sem.open(name.c_str(), 3);
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+}
+
+// Test close() method
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, Close) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("close");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  sem.close();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sem.valid());
+}
+
+// Test clear() method
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, Clear) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("clear");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  sem.clear();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sem.valid());
+}
+
+// Test clear_storage() static method
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, ClearStorage) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("clear_storage");
+  
+  {
+      semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 1);
+      EXPECT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  }
+  
+  semaphore::clear_storage(name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test basic wait and post
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, WaitPost) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("wait_post");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  bool waited = sem.wait();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(waited);
+  
+  bool posted = sem.post();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(posted);
+}
+
+// Test post with count
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, PostWithCount) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("post_count");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  bool posted = sem.post(5);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(posted);
+  
+  // Now should be able to wait 5 times
+  for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
+      EXPECT_TRUE(sem.wait(10)); // 10ms timeout
+  }
+}
+
+// Test timed wait with timeout
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, TimedWait) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("timed_wait");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  bool waited = sem.wait(100); // 100ms timeout
+  EXPECT_TRUE(waited);
+}
+
+// Test wait timeout scenario
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, WaitTimeout) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("wait_timeout");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0); // Zero count
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  bool waited = sem.wait(50); // 50ms timeout
+  auto end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  
+  auto elapsed = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end - start).count();
+  
+  // Should timeout
+  EXPECT_FALSE(waited);
+  EXPECT_GE(elapsed, 40); // Allow some tolerance
+}
+
+// Test infinite wait
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, InfiniteWait) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("infinite_wait");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<bool> wait_started{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> wait_succeeded{false};
+  
+  std::thread waiter([&]() {
+      wait_started.store(true);
+      bool result = sem.wait(invalid_value);
+      wait_succeeded.store(result);
+  });
+  
+  // Wait for thread to start waiting
+  while (!wait_started.load()) {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+  }
+  
+  std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+  
+  // Post to release the waiter
+  sem.post();
+  
+  waiter.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(wait_succeeded.load());
+}
+
+// Test producer-consumer pattern
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, ProducerConsumer) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("prod_cons");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<int> produced{0};
+  std::atomic<int> consumed{0};
+  const int count = 10;
+  
+  std::thread producer([&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+          ++produced;
+          sem.post();
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+      }
+  });
+  
+  std::thread consumer([&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+          sem.wait();
+          ++consumed;
+      }
+  });
+  
+  producer.join();
+  consumer.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(produced.load(), count);
+  EXPECT_EQ(consumed.load(), count);
+}
+
+// Test multiple producers and consumers
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, MultipleProducersConsumers) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("multi_prod_cons");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<int> total_produced{0};
+  std::atomic<int> total_consumed{0};
+  const int items_per_producer = 5;
+  const int num_producers = 3;
+  const int num_consumers = 3;
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> producers;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_producers; ++i) {
+      producers.emplace_back([&]() {
+          for (int j = 0; j < items_per_producer; ++j) {
+              ++total_produced;
+              sem.post();
+              std::this_thread::yield();
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> consumers;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_consumers; ++i) {
+      consumers.emplace_back([&]() {
+          for (int j = 0; j < items_per_producer; ++j) {
+              if (sem.wait(1000)) {
+                  ++total_consumed;
+              }
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  for (auto& t : producers) t.join();
+  for (auto& t : consumers) t.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(total_produced.load(), items_per_producer * num_producers);
+  EXPECT_EQ(total_consumed.load(), items_per_producer * num_producers);
+}
+
+// Test semaphore with initial count
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, InitialCount) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("initial_count");
+  const uint32_t initial = 3;
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), initial);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  // Should be able to wait 'initial' times without blocking
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < initial; ++i) {
+      EXPECT_TRUE(sem.wait(10));
+  }
+  
+  // Next wait should timeout
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sem.wait(10));
+}
+
+// Test rapid post operations
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, RapidPost) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("rapid_post");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  const int post_count = 100;
+  for (int i = 0; i < post_count; ++i) {
+      EXPECT_TRUE(sem.post());
+  }
+  
+  // Should be able to wait post_count times
+  int wait_count = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < post_count; ++i) {
+      if (sem.wait(10)) {
+          ++wait_count;
+      }
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(wait_count, post_count);
+}
+
+// Test concurrent post operations
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, ConcurrentPost) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("concurrent_post");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  std::atomic<int> post_count{0};
+  const int threads = 5;
+  const int posts_per_thread = 10;
+  
+  std::vector<std::thread> posters;
+  for (int i = 0; i < threads; ++i) {
+      posters.emplace_back([&]() {
+          for (int j = 0; j < posts_per_thread; ++j) {
+              if (sem.post()) {
+                  ++post_count;
+              }
+          }
+      });
+  }
+  
+  for (auto& t : posters) t.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(post_count.load(), threads * posts_per_thread);
+  
+  // Verify by consuming
+  int consumed = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < threads * posts_per_thread; ++i) {
+      if (sem.wait(10)) {
+          ++consumed;
+      }
+  }
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(consumed, threads * posts_per_thread);
+}
+
+// Test reopen after close
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, ReopenAfterClose) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("reopen");
+  
+  semaphore sem;
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.open(name.c_str(), 2));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  sem.close();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sem.valid());
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.open(name.c_str(), 3));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+}
+
+// Test named semaphore sharing between threads
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, NamedSemaphoreSharing) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("sharing");
+  
+  std::atomic<int> value{0};
+  
+  std::thread t1([&]() {
+      semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+      ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+      
+      sem.wait(); // Wait for signal
+      value.store(100);
+  });
+  
+  std::thread t2([&]() {
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(50));
+      
+      semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+      ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+      
+      sem.post(); // Signal t1
+  });
+  
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(value.load(), 100);
+}
+
+// Test post multiple count at once
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, PostMultiple) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("post_multiple");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  const uint32_t count = 10;
+  bool posted = sem.post(count);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(posted);
+  
+  // Consume all
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+      EXPECT_TRUE(sem.wait(10));
+  }
+  
+  // Should be empty now
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sem.wait(10));
+}
+
+// Test semaphore after clear
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, AfterClear) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("after_clear");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 5);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  sem.wait();
+  sem.clear();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sem.valid());
+  
+  // Operations after clear should fail gracefully
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sem.wait(10));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(sem.post());
+}
+
+// Test zero timeout
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, ZeroTimeout) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("zero_timeout");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  bool waited = sem.wait(0);
+  // Should return immediately (either success or timeout)
+}
+
+// Test high-frequency wait/post
+TEST_F(SemaphoreTest, HighFrequency) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_sem_name("high_freq");
+  
+  semaphore sem(name.c_str(), 0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sem.valid());
+  
+  std::thread poster([&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+          sem.post();
+      }
+  });
+  
+  std::thread waiter([&]() {
+      for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
+          sem.wait(100);
+      }
+  });
+  
+  poster.join();
+  waiter.join();
+}

test/test_shm.cpp

@@ -1,134 +1,521 @@
-#include <cstring>
-#include <cstdint>
-#include <thread>
+/**
+ * @file test_shm.cpp
+ * @brief Comprehensive unit tests for ipc::shm (shared memory) functionality
+ * 
+ * This test suite covers:
+ * - Low-level shared memory functions (acquire, get_mem, release, remove)
+ * - Reference counting (get_ref, sub_ref)
+ * - High-level handle class interface
+ * - Create and open modes
+ * - Resource cleanup and error handling
+ */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
 #include "libipc/shm.h"
 
-#include "test.h"
-
-using namespace ipc::shm;
+using namespace ipc;
 
 namespace {
 
-TEST(SHM, acquire) {
-    handle shm_hd;
-    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
-
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("my-test-1", 1024));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.valid());
-    EXPECT_STREQ(shm_hd.name(), "my-test-1");
-
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("my-test-2", 2048));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.valid());
-    EXPECT_STREQ(shm_hd.name(), "my-test-2");
-
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("my-test-3", 4096));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.valid());
-    EXPECT_STREQ(shm_hd.name(), "my-test-3");
+// Generate unique shared memory names for tests
+std::string generate_unique_name(const char* prefix) {
+  static int counter = 0;
+  return std::string(prefix) + "_test_" + std::to_string(++counter);
 }
 
-TEST(SHM, release) {
-    handle shm_hd;
-    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
-    shm_hd.release();
-    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("release-test-1", 512));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.valid());
-    shm_hd.release();
-    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
+} // anonymous namespace
+
+class ShmTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void TearDown() override {
+      // Clean up any leftover shared memory segments
+  }
+};
+
+// ========== Low-level API Tests ==========
+
+// Test acquire with create mode
+TEST_F(ShmTest, AcquireCreate) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("acquire_create");
+  const std::size_t size = 1024;
+  
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), size, shm::create);
+  ASSERT_NE(id, nullptr);
+  
+  std::size_t actual_size = 0;
+  void* mem = shm::get_mem(id, &actual_size);
+  EXPECT_NE(mem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_GE(actual_size, size);
+  
+  // Use remove(id) to clean up - it internally calls release()
+  shm::remove(id);
 }
 
-TEST(SHM, get) {
-    handle shm_hd;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.get() == nullptr);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("get-test", 2048));
+// Test acquire with open mode (should fail if not exists)
+TEST_F(ShmTest, AcquireOpenNonExistent) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("acquire_open_fail");
   
-    auto mem = shm_hd.get();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(mem != nullptr);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(mem == shm_hd.get());
-
-    std::uint8_t buf[1024] = {};
-    EXPECT_TRUE(memcmp(mem, buf, sizeof(buf)) == 0);
-
-    handle shm_other(shm_hd.name(), shm_hd.size());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_other.get() != shm_hd.get());
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), 1024, shm::open);
+  // Opening non-existent shared memory should return nullptr or handle failure gracefully
+  if (id != nullptr) {
+      shm::release(id);
+  }
 }
 
-TEST(SHM, hello) {
-    handle shm_hd;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("hello-test", 128));
-    auto mem = shm_hd.get();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(mem != nullptr);
+// Test acquire with both create and open modes
+TEST_F(ShmTest, AcquireCreateOrOpen) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("acquire_both");
+  const std::size_t size = 2048;
   
-    constexpr char hello[] = "hello!";
-    std::memcpy(mem, hello, sizeof(hello));
-    EXPECT_STREQ((char const *)shm_hd.get(), hello);
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), size, shm::create | shm::open);
+  ASSERT_NE(id, nullptr);
   
-    shm_hd.release();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.get() == nullptr);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("hello-test", 1024));
+  std::size_t actual_size = 0;
+  void* mem = shm::get_mem(id, &actual_size);
+  EXPECT_NE(mem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_GE(actual_size, size);
   
-    mem = shm_hd.get();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(mem != nullptr);
-    std::uint8_t buf[1024] = {};
-    EXPECT_TRUE(memcmp(mem, buf, sizeof(buf)) == 0);
-
-    std::memcpy(mem, hello, sizeof(hello));
-    EXPECT_STREQ((char const *)shm_hd.get(), hello);
+  // Use remove(id) to clean up - it internally calls release()
+  shm::remove(id);
 }
 
-TEST(SHM, mt) {
-    handle shm_hd;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("mt-test", 256));
-    constexpr char hello[] = "hello!";
-    std::memcpy(shm_hd.get(), hello, sizeof(hello));
+// Test get_mem function
+TEST_F(ShmTest, GetMemory) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("get_mem");
+  const std::size_t size = 512;
   
-    std::thread {
-        [&shm_hd] {
-            handle shm_mt(shm_hd.name(), shm_hd.size());
-            shm_hd.release();
-            constexpr char hello[] = "hello!";
-            EXPECT_STREQ((char const *)shm_mt.get(), hello);
-        }
-    }.join();
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), size, shm::create);
+  ASSERT_NE(id, nullptr);
   
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.get() == nullptr);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(shm_hd.valid());
+  std::size_t returned_size = 0;
+  void* mem = shm::get_mem(id, &returned_size);
   
-    EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("mt-test", 1024));
-    std::uint8_t buf[1024] = {};
-    EXPECT_TRUE(memcmp(shm_hd.get(), buf, sizeof(buf)) == 0);
+  EXPECT_NE(mem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_GE(returned_size, size);
+  
+  // Write and read test data
+  const char* test_data = "Shared memory test data";
+  std::strcpy(static_cast<char*>(mem), test_data);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(static_cast<char*>(mem), test_data);
+  
+  // Use remove(id) to clean up - it internally calls release()
+  shm::remove(id);
 }
 
-TEST(SHM, remove) {
-    {
-        auto id = ipc::shm::acquire("hello-remove", 111);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", true));
-        ipc::shm::remove(id);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", false));
-    }
-    {
-        auto id = ipc::shm::acquire("hello-remove", 111);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", true));
-        ipc::shm::release(id);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", true));
-        ipc::shm::remove("hello-remove");
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("hello-remove", false));
-    }
-    {
-        handle shm_hd;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("mt-test", 256));
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("mt-test", true));
-        shm_hd.clear();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("mt-test", false));
-    }
-    {
-        handle shm_hd;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(shm_hd.acquire("mt-test", 256));
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("mt-test", true));
-        shm_hd.clear_storage("mt-test");
-        EXPECT_TRUE(ipc_ut::expect_exist("mt-test", false));
-    }
+// Test get_mem without size parameter
+TEST_F(ShmTest, GetMemoryNoSize) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("get_mem_no_size");
+  
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), 256, shm::create);
+  ASSERT_NE(id, nullptr);
+  
+  void* mem = shm::get_mem(id, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_NE(mem, nullptr);
+  
+  // Use remove(id) to clean up - it internally calls release()
+  shm::remove(id);
 }
 
-} // internal-linkage
+// Test release function
+TEST_F(ShmTest, ReleaseMemory) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("release");
+  
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), 128, shm::create);
+  ASSERT_NE(id, nullptr);
+  
+  // Must call get_mem to map memory and set reference count
+  void* mem = shm::get_mem(id, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_NE(mem, nullptr);
+  
+  // release returns the reference count before decrement, or -1 on error
+  std::int32_t ref_count = shm::release(id);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_count, 1);  // Should be 1 (set by get_mem, before decrement)
+  
+  shm::remove(name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test remove by id
+TEST_F(ShmTest, RemoveById) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("remove_by_id");
+  
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), 256, shm::create);
+  ASSERT_NE(id, nullptr);
+  
+  // remove(id) internally calls release(id), so we don't need to call release first
+  shm::remove(id); // Should succeed
+}
+
+// Test remove by name
+TEST_F(ShmTest, RemoveByName) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("remove_by_name");
+  
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), 256, shm::create);
+  ASSERT_NE(id, nullptr);
+  
+  shm::release(id);
+  shm::remove(name.c_str()); // Should succeed
+}
+
+// Test reference counting
+TEST_F(ShmTest, ReferenceCount) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("ref_count");
+  
+  shm::id_t id1 = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), 512, shm::create);
+  ASSERT_NE(id1, nullptr);
+  
+  // Reference count is 0 after acquire (memory not mapped yet)
+  std::int32_t ref_before_get_mem = shm::get_ref(id1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_before_get_mem, 0);
+  
+  // get_mem maps memory and sets reference count to 1
+  void* mem1 = shm::get_mem(id1, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_NE(mem1, nullptr);
+  
+  std::int32_t ref1 = shm::get_ref(id1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref1, 1);
+  
+  // Acquire again and get_mem (should increase reference count)
+  shm::id_t id2 = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), 512, shm::open);
+  if (id2 != nullptr) {
+      void* mem2 = shm::get_mem(id2, nullptr);
+      ASSERT_NE(mem2, nullptr);
+      
+      std::int32_t ref2 = shm::get_ref(id2);
+      EXPECT_EQ(ref2, 2);  // Should be 2 now
+      
+      shm::release(id2);
+  }
+  
+  shm::release(id1);
+  shm::remove(name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test sub_ref function
+TEST_F(ShmTest, SubtractReference) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("sub_ref");
+  
+  shm::id_t id = shm::acquire(name.c_str(), 256, shm::create);
+  ASSERT_NE(id, nullptr);
+  
+  // Must call get_mem first to map memory and initialize reference count
+  void* mem = shm::get_mem(id, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_NE(mem, nullptr);
+  
+  std::int32_t ref_before = shm::get_ref(id);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_before, 1);  // Should be 1 after get_mem
+  
+  shm::sub_ref(id);
+  
+  std::int32_t ref_after = shm::get_ref(id);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_after, 0);  // Should be 0 after sub_ref
+  
+  // Use remove(id) to clean up - it internally calls release()
+  shm::remove(id);
+}
+
+// ========== High-level handle class Tests ==========
+
+// Test default handle constructor
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleDefaultConstructor) {
+  shm::handle h;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(h.valid());
+  EXPECT_EQ(h.size(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(h.get(), nullptr);
+}
+
+// Test handle constructor with name and size
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleConstructorWithParams) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_ctor");
+  const std::size_t size = 1024;
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), size);
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h.valid());
+  EXPECT_GE(h.size(), size);
+  EXPECT_NE(h.get(), nullptr);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(h.name(), name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test handle move constructor
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleMoveConstructor) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_move");
+  
+  shm::handle h1(name.c_str(), 512);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(h1.valid());
+  
+  void* ptr1 = h1.get();
+  std::size_t size1 = h1.size();
+  
+  shm::handle h2(std::move(h1));
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h2.valid());
+  EXPECT_EQ(h2.get(), ptr1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(h2.size(), size1);
+  
+  // h1 should be invalid after move
+  EXPECT_FALSE(h1.valid());
+}
+
+// Test handle swap
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleSwap) {
+  std::string name1 = generate_unique_name("handle_swap1");
+  std::string name2 = generate_unique_name("handle_swap2");
+  
+  shm::handle h1(name1.c_str(), 256);
+  shm::handle h2(name2.c_str(), 512);
+  
+  void* ptr1 = h1.get();
+  void* ptr2 = h2.get();
+  std::size_t size1 = h1.size();
+  std::size_t size2 = h2.size();
+  
+  h1.swap(h2);
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(h1.get(), ptr2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(h1.size(), size2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(h2.get(), ptr1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(h2.size(), size1);
+}
+
+// Test handle assignment operator
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleAssignment) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_assign");
+  
+  shm::handle h1(name.c_str(), 768);
+  void* ptr1 = h1.get();
+  
+  shm::handle h2;
+  h2 = std::move(h1);
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h2.valid());
+  EXPECT_EQ(h2.get(), ptr1);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(h1.valid());
+}
+
+// Test handle valid() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleValid) {
+  shm::handle h1;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(h1.valid());
+  
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_valid");
+  shm::handle h2(name.c_str(), 128);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h2.valid());
+}
+
+// Test handle size() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleSize) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_size");
+  const std::size_t requested_size = 2048;
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), requested_size);
+  
+  EXPECT_GE(h.size(), requested_size);
+}
+
+// Test handle name() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleName) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_name");
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), 256);
+  
+  EXPECT_STREQ(h.name(), name.c_str());
+}
+
+// Test handle ref() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleRef) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_ref");
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), 256);
+  
+  std::int32_t ref = h.ref();
+  EXPECT_GT(ref, 0);
+}
+
+// Test handle sub_ref() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleSubRef) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_sub_ref");
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), 256);
+  
+  std::int32_t ref_before = h.ref();
+  h.sub_ref();
+  std::int32_t ref_after = h.ref();
+  
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_after, ref_before - 1);
+}
+
+// Test handle acquire() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleAcquire) {
+  shm::handle h;
+  EXPECT_FALSE(h.valid());
+  
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_acquire");
+  bool result = h.acquire(name.c_str(), 512);
+  
+  EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h.valid());
+  EXPECT_GE(h.size(), 512u);
+}
+
+// Test handle release() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleRelease) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_release");
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), 256);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(h.valid());
+  
+  std::int32_t ref_count = h.release();
+  EXPECT_GE(ref_count, 0);
+}
+
+// Test handle clear() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleClear) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_clear");
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), 256);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(h.valid());
+  
+  h.clear();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(h.valid());
+}
+
+// Test handle clear_storage() static method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleClearStorage) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_clear_storage");
+  
+  {
+      shm::handle h(name.c_str(), 256);
+      EXPECT_TRUE(h.valid());
+  }
+  
+  shm::handle::clear_storage(name.c_str());
+  
+  // Try to open - should fail or create new
+  shm::handle h2(name.c_str(), 256, shm::open);
+  // Behavior depends on implementation
+}
+
+// Test handle get() method
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleGet) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_get");
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), 512);
+  
+  void* mem = h.get();
+  EXPECT_NE(mem, nullptr);
+  
+  // Write and read test
+  const char* test_str = "Handle get test";
+  std::strcpy(static_cast<char*>(mem), test_str);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(static_cast<char*>(mem), test_str);
+}
+
+// Test handle detach() and attach() methods
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleDetachAttach) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_detach_attach");
+  
+  shm::handle h1(name.c_str(), 256);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(h1.valid());
+  
+  shm::id_t id = h1.detach();
+  EXPECT_NE(id, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(h1.valid()); // Should be invalid after detach
+  
+  shm::handle h2;
+  h2.attach(id);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h2.valid());
+  
+  // Clean up - use h2.clear() or shm::remove(id) alone, not both
+  // Option 1: Use handle's clear() which calls shm::remove(id) internally
+  id = h2.detach(); // Detach first to get the id without releasing
+  shm::remove(id);  // Then remove to clean up both memory and disk file
+}
+
+// Test writing and reading data through shared memory
+TEST_F(ShmTest, WriteReadData) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("write_read");
+  const std::size_t size = 1024;
+  
+  shm::handle h1(name.c_str(), size);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(h1.valid());
+  
+  // Write test data
+  struct TestData {
+      int value;
+      char text[64];
+  };
+  
+  TestData* data1 = static_cast<TestData*>(h1.get());
+  data1->value = 42;
+  std::strcpy(data1->text, "Shared memory data");
+  
+  // Open in another "shm::handle" (simulating different process)
+  shm::handle h2(name.c_str(), size, shm::open);
+  if (h2.valid()) {
+      TestData* data2 = static_cast<TestData*>(h2.get());
+      EXPECT_EQ(data2->value, 42);
+      EXPECT_STREQ(data2->text, "Shared memory data");
+  }
+}
+
+// Test handle with different modes
+TEST_F(ShmTest, HandleModes) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("handle_modes");
+  
+  // Create only
+  shm::handle h1(name.c_str(), 256, shm::create);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h1.valid());
+  
+  // Open existing
+  shm::handle h2(name.c_str(), 256, shm::open);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h2.valid());
+  
+  // Both modes
+  shm::handle h3(name.c_str(), 256, shm::create | shm::open);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(h3.valid());
+}
+
+// Test multiple handles to same shared memory
+TEST_F(ShmTest, MultipleHandles) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("multiple_handles");
+  const std::size_t size = 512;
+  
+  shm::handle h1(name.c_str(), size);
+  shm::handle h2(name.c_str(), size, shm::open);
+  
+  ASSERT_TRUE(h1.valid());
+  ASSERT_TRUE(h2.valid());
+  
+  // Should point to same memory
+  int* data1 = static_cast<int*>(h1.get());
+  int* data2 = static_cast<int*>(h2.get());
+  
+  *data1 = 12345;
+  EXPECT_EQ(*data2, 12345);
+}
+
+// Test large shared memory segment
+TEST_F(ShmTest, LargeSegment) {
+  std::string name = generate_unique_name("large_segment");
+  const std::size_t size = 10 * 1024 * 1024; // 10 MB
+  
+  shm::handle h(name.c_str(), size);
+  
+  if (h.valid()) {
+      EXPECT_GE(h.size(), size);
+      
+      // Write pattern to a portion of memory
+      char* mem = static_cast<char*>(h.get());
+      for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 1024; ++i) {
+          mem[i] = static_cast<char>(i % 256);
+      }
+      
+      // Verify pattern
+      for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 1024; ++i) {
+          EXPECT_EQ(mem[i], static_cast<char>(i % 256));
+      }
+  }
+}