initialization cleanup and improve caches usage.

include/fast_float/ascii_number.h

@@ -259,17 +259,20 @@ enum class parse_error : uint_fast8_t {
 
 template <typename UC> struct parsed_number_string_t {
   am_mant_t mantissa{0};
-  am_pow_t exponent{0};
-  // contains the range of the significant digits
-  span<UC const> integer{};  // non-nullable
-  span<UC const> fraction{}; // nullable
-  UC const *lastmatch{nullptr};
+
 #ifndef FASTFLOAT_ONLY_POSITIVE_C_NUMBER_WO_INF_NAN
   bool negative{false};
 #endif
   bool invalid{false};                      // be optimistic
   bool too_many_digits{false};              // be optimistic
   parse_error error{parse_error::no_error}; // be optimistic
+
+  am_pow_t exponent{0};
+
+  // contains the range of the significant digits
+  span<UC const> integer;  // non-nullable
+  span<UC const> fraction; // nullable
+  UC const *lastmatch;
 };
 
 using byte_span = span<char const>;

include/fast_float/decimal_to_binary.h

@@ -31,14 +31,16 @@ compute_product_approximation(am_pow_t q, am_mant_t w) noexcept {
   constexpr uint64_t precision_mask =
       (bit_precision < 64) ? (uint64_t(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) >> bit_precision)
                            : uint64_t(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF);
+
   if ((firstproduct.high & precision_mask) ==
       precision_mask) { // could further guard with  (lower + w < lower)
     // regarding the second product, we only need secondproduct.high, but our
     // expectation is that the compiler will optimize this extra work away if
     // needed.
-    value128 secondproduct =
+    value128 const secondproduct =
         full_multiplication(w, powers::power_of_five_128[index + 1]);
     firstproduct.low += secondproduct.high;
+
     if (secondproduct.high > firstproduct.low) {
       ++firstproduct.high;
     }
@@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ namespace detail {
  * where
  *   p = log(5**-q)/log(2) = -q * log(5)/log(2)
  */
-constexpr fastfloat_really_inline am_pow_t power(am_pow_t q) noexcept {
+constexpr fastfloat_really_inline am_pow_t power(am_pow_t const q) noexcept {
   return (((152170 + 65536) * q) >> 16) + 63;
 }
 } // namespace detail
@@ -103,9 +105,9 @@ fastfloat_really_inline FASTFLOAT_CONSTEXPR20 adjusted_mantissa
 compute_float(am_pow_t q, am_mant_t w) noexcept {
   adjusted_mantissa answer;
   if ((w == 0) || (q < binary::smallest_power_of_ten())) {
+    // we want to get zero:
     answer.power2 = 0;
     answer.mantissa = 0;
-    // result should be zero
     return answer;
   }
   if (q > binary::largest_power_of_ten()) {
@@ -114,6 +116,7 @@ compute_float(am_pow_t q, am_mant_t w) noexcept {
     answer.mantissa = 0;
     return answer;
   }
+
   // At this point in time q is in [powers::smallest_power_of_five,
   // powers::largest_power_of_five].
 
@@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ compute_float(am_pow_t q, am_mant_t w) noexcept {
   // 3. We might lose a bit due to the "upperbit" routine (result too small,
   // requiring a shift)
 
-  value128 product =
+  value128 const product =
       compute_product_approximation<binary::mantissa_explicit_bits() + 3>(q, w);
   // The computed 'product' is always sufficient.
   // Mathematical proof:
@@ -141,6 +144,7 @@ compute_float(am_pow_t q, am_mant_t w) noexcept {
   auto const upperbit = static_cast<am_bits_t>(product.high >> 63);
   am_bits_t const shift = upperbit + 64 - binary::mantissa_explicit_bits() - 3;
 
+  // Shift right the mantissa to the correct position
   answer.mantissa = product.high >> shift;
 
   answer.power2 = detail::power(q) + upperbit - lz - binary::minimum_exponent();
@@ -192,6 +196,7 @@ compute_float(am_pow_t q, am_mant_t w) noexcept {
     }
   }
 
+  // Normal rounding
   answer.mantissa += (answer.mantissa & 1); // round up
   answer.mantissa >>= 1;
   if (answer.mantissa >= (am_mant_t(2) << binary::mantissa_explicit_bits())) {
@@ -199,6 +204,7 @@ compute_float(am_pow_t q, am_mant_t w) noexcept {
     ++answer.power2; // undo previous addition
   }
 
+  // Check if we have infinity after computation
   answer.mantissa &= ~(am_mant_t(1) << binary::mantissa_explicit_bits());
   if (answer.power2 >= binary::infinite_power()) { // infinity
     answer.power2 = binary::infinite_power();

include/fast_float/float_common.h

@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ template <typename UC> struct parse_options_t {
 
   /** Which number formats are accepted */
   chars_format format;
-  /** The character used as decimal point for floats */
-  UC decimal_point;
   /** The base used for integers */
   base_t base;
+  /** The character used as decimal point for floats */
+  UC decimal_point;
 };
 
 using parse_options = parse_options_t<char>;
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ struct alignas(16) value128 {
   constexpr value128(uint64_t _low, uint64_t _high) noexcept
       : low(_low), high(_high) {}
 
-  constexpr value128() noexcept : low(0), high(0) {}
+  constexpr value128() noexcept {}
 };
 
 /* Helper C++14 constexpr generic implementation of leading_zeroes for 64-bit */
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ leading_zeroes(uint64_t input_num) noexcept {
   }
 #ifdef FASTFLOAT_VISUAL_STUDIO
 #if defined(_M_X64) || defined(_M_ARM64)
-  unsigned long leading_zero = 0;
+  unsigned long leading_zero;
   // Search the mask data from most significant bit (MSB)
   // to least significant bit (LSB) for a set bit (1).
   _BitScanReverse64(&leading_zero, input_num);
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ full_multiplication(uint64_t a, uint64_t b) noexcept {
 struct alignas(16) adjusted_mantissa {
   am_mant_t mantissa;
   am_pow_t power2;
-  adjusted_mantissa() noexcept = default;
+  adjusted_mantissa() noexcept {};
 
   constexpr bool operator==(adjusted_mantissa const &o) const noexcept {
     return mantissa == o.mantissa && power2 == o.power2;

include/fast_float/parse_number.h

@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ FASTFLOAT_CONSTEXPR20
     integer_times_pow10(am_sign_mant_t const mantissa,
                         am_pow_t const decimal_exponent) noexcept {
 #ifndef FASTFLOAT_ONLY_POSITIVE_C_NUMBER_WO_INF_NAN
-  const bool is_negative = mantissa < 0;
+  const auto is_negative = mantissa < 0;
   const auto m = static_cast<am_mant_t>(is_negative ? -mantissa : mantissa);
 #else
   FASTFLOAT_ASSUME(mantissa >= 0);
@@ -431,8 +431,9 @@ FASTFLOAT_CONSTEXPR20
                              value))
     return value;
 
-  adjusted_mantissa am =
+  adjusted_mantissa const am =
       compute_float<binary_format<double>>(decimal_exponent, m);
+
   to_float(
 #ifndef FASTFLOAT_ONLY_POSITIVE_C_NUMBER_WO_INF_NAN
       is_negative,