docs(readme): document usage of fmt as a C++20 module (#4237)

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<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/576385/156254208-f5b743a9-88cf-439d-b0c0-923d53e8d551.png" alt="{fmt}" width="25%"/>
# {fmt}
[![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions/workflows/linux.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)](
https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions?query=workflow%3Alinux)
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[![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions/workflows/windows.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)](
https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions?query=workflow%3Awindows)
[![fmt is continuously fuzzed at oss-fuzz](https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/badges/fmt.svg)](
https://issues.oss-fuzz.com/issues?q=title:fmt%20cc:victor.zverovich@gmail.com)
[![OpenSSF Best Practices](https://www.bestpractices.dev/projects/8880/badge)](
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https://securityscorecards.dev/viewer/?uri=github.com/fmtlib/fmt)
[![Ask questions at StackOverflow with the tag fmt](
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[![Documentation](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-latest-blue.svg)](https://fmt.dev/)
**{fmt}** is an open-source formatting library providing a fast and safe
alternative to C stdio and C++ iostreams.
{fmt} is an open-source formatting library providing a fast and safe alternative to C stdio and C++ iostreams.
If you like this project, please consider donating to one of the funds
that help victims of the war in Ukraine: <https://u24.gov.ua/>.
## Using {fmt} as a C++20 Module
[Documentation](https://fmt.dev)
To use {fmt} as a C++20 module, ensure your project is configured with C++20 or later and that your compiler supports modules (e.g., GCC 14+, Clang 16+, or MSVC 19.34+).
[Cheat Sheets](https://hackingcpp.com/cpp/libs/fmt.html)
### CMake Configuration
The recommended way to use {fmt} is via the provided CMake target. Do not wrap the library in your own module; use the one provided by the build system.
Q&A: ask questions on [StackOverflow with the tag
fmt](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fmt).
Try {fmt} in [Compiler Explorer](https://godbolt.org/z/8Mx1EW73v).
# Features
- Simple [format API](https://fmt.dev/latest/api/) with positional
arguments for localization
- Implementation of [C++20
std::format](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/format) and
[C++23 std::print](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/print)
- [Format string syntax](https://fmt.dev/latest/syntax/) similar
to Python\'s
[format](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.format)
- Fast IEEE 754 floating-point formatter with correct rounding,
shortness and round-trip guarantees using the
[Dragonbox](https://github.com/jk-jeon/dragonbox) algorithm
- Portable Unicode support
- Safe [printf
implementation](https://fmt.dev/latest/api/#printf-api)
including the POSIX extension for positional arguments
- Extensibility: [support for user-defined
types](https://fmt.dev/latest/api/#formatting-user-defined-types)
- High performance: faster than common standard library
implementations of `(s)printf`, iostreams, `to_string` and
`to_chars`, see [Speed tests](#speed-tests) and [Converting a
hundred million integers to strings per
second](http://www.zverovich.net/2020/06/13/fast-int-to-string-revisited.html)
- Small code size both in terms of source code with the minimum
configuration consisting of just three files, `base.h`, `format.h`
and `format-inl.h`, and compiled code; see [Compile time and code
bloat](#compile-time-and-code-bloat)
- Reliability: the library has an extensive set of
[tests](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/tree/master/test) and is
[continuously fuzzed](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?colspec=ID%20Type%20Component%20Status%20Proj%20Reported%20Owner%20Summary&q=proj%3Dfmt&can=1)
- Safety: the library is fully type-safe, errors in format strings can
be reported at compile time, automatic memory management prevents
buffer overflow errors
- Ease of use: small self-contained code base, no external
dependencies, permissive MIT
[license](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/LICENSE)
- [Portability](https://fmt.dev/latest/#portability) with
consistent output across platforms and support for older compilers
- Clean warning-free codebase even on high warning levels such as
`-Wall -Wextra -pedantic`
- Locale independence by default
- Optional header-only configuration enabled with the
`FMT_HEADER_ONLY` macro
See the [documentation](https://fmt.dev) for more details.
# Examples
**Print to stdout** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/Tevcjh))
``` c++
#include <fmt/base.h>
int main() {
fmt::print("Hello, world!\n");
}
```
**Format a string** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/oK8h33))
``` c++
std::string s = fmt::format("The answer is {}.", 42);
// s == "The answer is 42."
```
**Format a string using positional arguments**
([run](https://godbolt.org/z/Yn7Txe))
``` c++
std::string s = fmt::format("I'd rather be {1} than {0}.", "right", "happy");
// s == "I'd rather be happy than right."
```
**Print dates and times** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/c31ExdY3W))
``` c++
#include <fmt/chrono.h>
int main() {
auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
fmt::print("Date and time: {}\n", now);
fmt::print("Time: {:%H:%M}\n", now);
}
```
Output:
Date and time: 2023-12-26 19:10:31.557195597
Time: 19:10
**Print a container** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/MxM1YqjE7))
``` c++
#include <vector>
#include <fmt/ranges.h>
int main() {
std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3};
fmt::print("{}\n", v);
}
```
Output:
[1, 2, 3]
**Check a format string at compile time**
``` c++
std::string s = fmt::format("{:d}", "I am not a number");
```
This gives a compile-time error in C++20 because `d` is an invalid
format specifier for a string.
**Write a file from a single thread**
``` c++
#include <fmt/os.h>
int main() {
auto out = fmt::output_file("guide.txt");
out.print("Don't {}", "Panic");
}
```
This can be [up to 9 times faster than `fprintf`](
http://www.zverovich.net/2020/08/04/optimal-file-buffer-size.html).
**Print with colors and text styles**
``` c++
#include <fmt/color.h>
int main() {
fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::crimson) | fmt::emphasis::bold,
"Hello, {}!\n", "world");
fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::floral_white) | bg(fmt::color::slate_gray) |
fmt::emphasis::underline, "Olá, {}!\n", "Mundo");
fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::steel_blue) | fmt::emphasis::italic,
"你好{}\n", "世界");
}
```
Output on a modern terminal with Unicode support:
![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/assets/576385/2a93c904-d6fa-4aa6-b453-2618e1c327d7)
# Benchmarks
## Speed tests
| Library | Method | Run Time, s |
|-------------------|---------------|-------------|
| libc | printf | 0.66 |
| libc++ | std::ostream | 1.63 |
| {fmt} 12.1 | fmt::print | 0.44 |
| Boost Format 1.88 | boost::format | 3.89 |
| Folly Format | folly::format | 1.28 |
{fmt} is the fastest of the benchmarked methods, \~50% faster than
`printf`.
The above results were generated by building `tinyformat_test.cpp` on
macOS 15.6.1 with `clang++ -O3 -DNDEBUG -DSPEED_TEST -DHAVE_FORMAT`, and
taking the best of three runs. In the test, the format string
`"%0.10f:%04d:%+g:%s:%p:%c:%%\n"` or equivalent is filled 2,000,000
times with output sent to `/dev/null`; for further details refer to the
[source](https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark/blob/master/src/tinyformat-test.cc).
{fmt} is up to 20-30x faster than `std::ostringstream` and `sprintf` on
IEEE754 `float` and `double` formatting
([dtoa-benchmark](https://github.com/fmtlib/dtoa-benchmark)) and faster
than [double-conversion](https://github.com/google/double-conversion)
and [ryu](https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu):
[![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/576385/95684665-11719600-0ba8-11eb-8e5b-972ff4e49428.png)](https://fmt.dev/unknown_mac64_clang12.0.html)
## Compile time and code bloat
The script [bloat-test.py][test] from [format-benchmark][bench] tests compile
time and code bloat for nontrivial projects. It generates 100 translation units
and uses `printf()` or its alternative five times in each to simulate a
medium-sized project. The resulting executable size and compile time (Apple
clang version 15.0.0 (clang-1500.1.0.2.5), macOS Sonoma, best of three) is shown
in the following tables.
[test]: https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark/blob/master/bloat-test.py
[bench]: https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark
**Optimized build (-O3)**
| Method | Compile Time, s | Executable size, KiB | Stripped size, KiB |
|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
| printf | 1.6 | 54 | 50 |
| IOStreams | 28.4 | 98 | 84 |
| {fmt} `1122268` | 5.0 | 54 | 50 |
| tinyformat | 32.6 | 164 | 136 |
| Boost Format | 55.0 | 530 | 317 |
{fmt} is fast to compile and is comparable to `printf` in terms of per-call
binary size (within a rounding error on this system).
**Non-optimized build**
| Method | Compile Time, s | Executable size, KiB | Stripped size, KiB |
|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
| printf | 1.4 | 54 | 50 |
| IOStreams | 27.0 | 88 | 68 |
| {fmt} `1122268` | 4.7 | 87 | 84 |
| tinyformat | 28.1 | 185 | 145 |
| Boost Format | 38.9 | 678 | 381 |
`libc`, `lib(std)c++`, and `libfmt` are all linked as shared libraries
to compare formatting function overhead only. Boost Format is a
header-only library so it doesn\'t provide any linkage options.
## Running the tests
Please refer to [Building the
library](https://fmt.dev/latest/get-started/#building-from-source) for
instructions on how to build the library and run the unit tests.
Benchmarks reside in a separate repository,
[format-benchmarks](https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark), so to
run the benchmarks you first need to clone this repository and generate
Makefiles with CMake:
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark.git
$ cd format-benchmark
$ cmake .
Then you can run the speed test:
$ make speed-test
or the bloat test:
$ make bloat-test
# Migrating code
[clang-tidy](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) v18 provides the
[modernize-use-std-print](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/checks/modernize/use-std-print.html)
check that is capable of converting occurrences of `printf` and
`fprintf` to `fmt::print` if configured to do so. (By default it
converts to `std::print`.)
# Notable projects using this library
- [0 A.D.](https://play0ad.com/): a free, open-source, cross-platform
real-time strategy game
- [AMPL/MP](https://github.com/ampl/mp): an open-source library for
mathematical programming
- [Apple's FoundationDB](https://github.com/apple/foundationdb): an open-source,
distributed, transactional key-value store
- [Aseprite](https://github.com/aseprite/aseprite): animated sprite
editor & pixel art tool
- [AvioBook](https://www.aviobook.aero/en): a comprehensive aircraft
operations suite
- [Blizzard Battle.net](https://battle.net/): an online gaming
platform
- [Celestia](https://celestia.space/): real-time 3D visualization of
space
- [Ceph](https://ceph.com/): a scalable distributed storage system
- [ccache](https://ccache.dev/): a compiler cache
- [ClickHouse](https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse): an
analytical database management system
- [ContextVision](https://www.contextvision.com/): medical imaging software
- [Contour](https://github.com/contour-terminal/contour/): a modern
terminal emulator
- [CUAUV](https://cuauv.org/): Cornell University\'s autonomous
underwater vehicle
- [Drake](https://drake.mit.edu/): a planning, control, and analysis
toolbox for nonlinear dynamical systems (MIT)
- [Envoy](https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy): C++ L7 proxy and
communication bus (Lyft)
- [FiveM](https://fivem.net/): a modification framework for GTA V
- [fmtlog](https://github.com/MengRao/fmtlog): a performant
fmtlib-style logging library with latency in nanoseconds
- [Folly](https://github.com/facebook/folly): Facebook open-source
library
- [GemRB](https://gemrb.org/): a portable open-source implementation
of Bioware's Infinity Engine
- [Grand Mountain
Adventure](https://store.steampowered.com/app/1247360/Grand_Mountain_Adventure/):
a beautiful open-world ski & snowboarding game
- [HarpyWar/pvpgn](https://github.com/pvpgn/pvpgn-server): Player vs
Player Gaming Network with tweaks
- [KBEngine](https://github.com/kbengine/kbengine): an open-source
MMOG server engine
- [Keypirinha](https://keypirinha.com/): a semantic launcher for
Windows
- [Kodi](https://kodi.tv/) (formerly xbmc): home theater software
- [Knuth](https://kth.cash/): high-performance Bitcoin full-node
- [libunicode](https://github.com/contour-terminal/libunicode/): a
modern C++17 Unicode library
- [MariaDB](https://mariadb.org/): relational database management
system
- [Microsoft Verona](https://github.com/microsoft/verona): research
programming language for concurrent ownership
- [MongoDB](https://mongodb.com/): distributed document database
- [MongoDB Smasher](https://github.com/duckie/mongo_smasher): a small
tool to generate randomized datasets
- [OpenSpace](https://openspaceproject.com/): an open-source
astrovisualization framework
- [PenUltima Online (POL)](https://www.polserver.com/): an MMO server,
compatible with most Ultima Online clients
- [PyTorch](https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch): an open-source
machine learning library
- [quasardb](https://www.quasardb.net/): a distributed,
high-performance, associative database
- [Quill](https://github.com/odygrd/quill): asynchronous low-latency
logging library
- [QKW](https://github.com/ravijanjam/qkw): generalizing aliasing to
simplify navigation, and execute complex multi-line terminal
command sequences
- [redis-cerberus](https://github.com/HunanTV/redis-cerberus): a Redis
cluster proxy
- [redpanda](https://vectorized.io/redpanda): a 10x faster Kafka®
replacement for mission-critical systems written in C++
- [rpclib](http://rpclib.net/): a modern C++ msgpack-RPC server and
client library
- [Salesforce Analytics
Cloud](https://www.salesforce.com/analytics-cloud/overview/):
business intelligence software
- [Scylla](https://www.scylladb.com/): a Cassandra-compatible NoSQL
data store that can handle 1 million transactions per second on a
single server
- [Seastar](http://www.seastar-project.org/): an advanced, open-source
C++ framework for high-performance server applications on modern
hardware
- [spdlog](https://github.com/gabime/spdlog): super fast C++ logging
library
- [Stellar](https://www.stellar.org/): financial platform
- [Touch Surgery](https://www.touchsurgery.com/): surgery simulator
- [TrinityCore](https://github.com/TrinityCore/TrinityCore):
open-source MMORPG framework
- [🐙 userver framework](https://userver.tech/): open-source
asynchronous framework with a rich set of abstractions and database
drivers
- [Windows Terminal](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal): the new
Windows terminal
[More\...](https://github.com/search?q=fmtlib&type=Code)
If you are aware of other projects using this library, please let me
know by [email](mailto:victor.zverovich@gmail.com) or by submitting an
[issue](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues).
# Motivation
So why yet another formatting library?
There are plenty of methods for doing this task, from standard ones like
the printf family of function and iostreams to Boost Format and
FastFormat libraries. The reason for creating a new library is that
every existing solution that I found either had serious issues or
didn\'t provide all the features I needed.
## printf
The good thing about `printf` is that it is pretty fast and readily
available being a part of the C standard library. The main drawback is
that it doesn\'t support user-defined types. `printf` also has safety
issues although they are somewhat mitigated with [\_\_attribute\_\_
((format (printf,
\...))](https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Common-Attributes.html) in
GCC. There is a POSIX extension that adds positional arguments required
for
[i18n](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization)
to `printf` but it is not a part of C99 and may not be available on some
platforms.
## iostreams
The main issue with iostreams is best illustrated with an example:
``` c++
std::cout << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << 1.23456 << "\n";
```
which is a lot of typing compared to printf:
``` c++
printf("%.2f\n", 1.23456);
```
Matthew Wilson, the author of FastFormat, called this \"chevron hell\".
iostreams don\'t support positional arguments by design.
The good part is that iostreams support user-defined types and are safe
although error handling is awkward.
## Boost Format
This is a very powerful library that supports both `printf`-like format
strings and positional arguments. Its main drawback is performance.
According to various benchmarks, it is much slower than other methods
considered here. Boost Format also has excessive build times and severe
code bloat issues (see [Benchmarks](#benchmarks)).
## FastFormat
This is an interesting library that is fast, safe and has positional
arguments. However, it has significant limitations, citing its author:
> Three features that have no hope of being accommodated within the
> current design are:
>
> - Leading zeros (or any other non-space padding)
> - Octal/hexadecimal encoding
> - Runtime width/alignment specification
It is also quite big and has a heavy dependency, on STLSoft, which might be
too restrictive for use in some projects.
## Boost Spirit.Karma
This is not a formatting library but I decided to include it here for
completeness. As iostreams, it suffers from the problem of mixing
verbatim text with arguments. The library is pretty fast, but slower on
integer formatting than `fmt::format_to` with format string compilation
on Karma\'s own benchmark, see [Converting a hundred million integers to
strings per
second](http://www.zverovich.net/2020/06/13/fast-int-to-string-revisited.html).
# License
{fmt} is distributed under the MIT
[license](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/LICENSE).
# Documentation License
The [Format String Syntax](https://fmt.dev/latest/syntax/) section
in the documentation is based on the one from Python [string module
documentation](https://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#module-string).
For this reason, the documentation is distributed under the Python
Software Foundation license available in
[doc/python-license.txt](https://raw.github.com/fmtlib/fmt/master/doc/python-license.txt).
It only applies if you distribute the documentation of {fmt}.
# Maintainers
The {fmt} library is maintained by Victor Zverovich
([vitaut](https://github.com/vitaut)) with contributions from many other
people. See
[Contributors](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/graphs/contributors) and
[Releases](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/releases) for some of the
names. Let us know if your contribution is not listed or mentioned
incorrectly and we\'ll make it right.
# Security Policy
To report a security issue, please disclose it at [security
advisory](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/security/advisories/new).
This project is maintained by a team of volunteers on a
reasonable-effort basis. As such, please give us at least *90* days to
work on a fix before public exposure.
1. Enable module scanning in your `CMakeLists.txt`:

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@ -6,9 +6,13 @@ Usage:
check-commits <start> <source>
"""
import docopt, os, sys, tempfile
import os
import sys
import tempfile
from subprocess import check_call, check_output, run
import docopt
args = docopt.docopt(__doc__)
start = args.get('<start>')
source = args.get('<source>')

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@ -1,32 +1,30 @@
"""Pythonic command-line interface parser that will make you smile.
* http://docopt.org
* Repository and issue-tracker: https://github.com/docopt/docopt
* Licensed under terms of MIT license (see LICENSE-MIT)
* Copyright (c) 2013 Vladimir Keleshev, vladimir@keleshev.com
* http://docopt.org
* Repository and issue-tracker: https://github.com/docopt/docopt
* Licensed under terms of MIT license (see LICENSE-MIT)
* Copyright (c) 2013 Vladimir Keleshev, vladimir@keleshev.com
"""
import sys
import re
import sys
__all__ = ['docopt']
__version__ = '0.6.1'
__all__ = ["docopt"]
__version__ = "0.6.1"
class DocoptLanguageError(Exception):
"""Error in construction of usage-message by developer."""
class DocoptExit(SystemExit):
"""Exit in case user invoked program with incorrect arguments."""
usage = ''
usage = ""
def __init__(self, message=''):
SystemExit.__init__(self, (message + '\n' + self.usage).strip())
def __init__(self, message=""):
SystemExit.__init__(self, (message + "\n" + self.usage).strip())
class Pattern(object):
@ -44,11 +42,11 @@ class Pattern(object):
def fix_identities(self, uniq=None):
"""Make pattern-tree tips point to same object if they are equal."""
if not hasattr(self, 'children'):
if not hasattr(self, "children"):
return self
uniq = list(set(self.flat())) if uniq is None else uniq
for i, child in enumerate(self.children):
if not hasattr(child, 'children'):
if not hasattr(child, "children"):
assert child in uniq
self.children[i] = uniq[uniq.index(child)]
else:
@ -97,14 +95,13 @@ def transform(pattern):
class LeafPattern(Pattern):
"""Leaf/terminal node of a pattern tree."""
def __init__(self, name, value=None):
self.name, self.value = name, value
def __repr__(self):
return '%s(%r, %r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.name, self.value)
return "%s(%r, %r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.name, self.value)
def flat(self, *types):
return [self] if not types or type(self) in types else []
@ -114,14 +111,13 @@ class LeafPattern(Pattern):
pos, match = self.single_match(left)
if match is None:
return False, left, collected
left_ = left[:pos] + left[pos + 1:]
left_ = left[:pos] + left[pos + 1 :]
same_name = [a for a in collected if a.name == self.name]
if type(self.value) in (int, list):
if type(self.value) is int:
increment = 1
else:
increment = ([match.value] if type(match.value) is str
else match.value)
increment = [match.value] if type(match.value) is str else match.value
if not same_name:
match.value = increment
return True, left_, collected + [match]
@ -131,15 +127,16 @@ class LeafPattern(Pattern):
class BranchPattern(Pattern):
"""Branch/inner node of a pattern tree."""
def __init__(self, *children):
self.children = list(children)
def __repr__(self):
return '%s(%s)' % (self.__class__.__name__,
', '.join(repr(a) for a in self.children))
return "%s(%s)" % (
self.__class__.__name__,
", ".join(repr(a) for a in self.children),
)
def flat(self, *types):
if type(self) in types:
@ -157,8 +154,8 @@ class Argument(LeafPattern):
@classmethod
def parse(class_, source):
name = re.findall('(<\S*?>)', source)[0]
value = re.findall('\[default: (.*)\]', source, flags=re.I)
name = re.findall("(<\S*?>)", source)[0]
value = re.findall("\[default: (.*)\]", source, flags=re.I)
return class_(name, value[0] if value else None)
@ -187,17 +184,17 @@ class Option(LeafPattern):
@classmethod
def parse(class_, option_description):
short, long, argcount, value = None, None, 0, False
options, _, description = option_description.strip().partition(' ')
options = options.replace(',', ' ').replace('=', ' ')
options, _, description = option_description.strip().partition(" ")
options = options.replace(",", " ").replace("=", " ")
for s in options.split():
if s.startswith('--'):
if s.startswith("--"):
long = s
elif s.startswith('-'):
elif s.startswith("-"):
short = s
else:
argcount = 1
if argcount:
matched = re.findall('\[default: (.*)\]', description, flags=re.I)
matched = re.findall("\[default: (.*)\]", description, flags=re.I)
value = matched[0] if matched else None
return class_(short, long, argcount, value)
@ -212,8 +209,12 @@ class Option(LeafPattern):
return self.long or self.short
def __repr__(self):
return 'Option(%r, %r, %r, %r)' % (self.short, self.long,
self.argcount, self.value)
return "Option(%r, %r, %r, %r)" % (
self.short,
self.long,
self.argcount,
self.value,
)
class Required(BranchPattern):
@ -239,7 +240,6 @@ class Optional(BranchPattern):
class OptionsShortcut(Optional):
"""Marker/placeholder for [options] shortcut."""
@ -282,13 +282,13 @@ class Either(BranchPattern):
class Tokens(list):
def __init__(self, source, error=DocoptExit):
self += source.split() if hasattr(source, 'split') else source
self += source.split() if hasattr(source, "split") else source
self.error = error
@staticmethod
def from_pattern(source):
source = re.sub(r'([\[\]\(\)\|]|\.\.\.)', r' \1 ', source)
source = [s for s in re.split('\s+|(\S*<.*?>)', source) if s]
source = re.sub(r"([\[\]\(\)\|]|\.\.\.)", r" \1 ", source)
source = [s for s in re.split("\s+|(\S*<.*?>)", source) if s]
return Tokens(source, error=DocoptLanguageError)
def move(self):
@ -300,31 +300,34 @@ class Tokens(list):
def parse_long(tokens, options):
"""long ::= '--' chars [ ( ' ' | '=' ) chars ] ;"""
long, eq, value = tokens.move().partition('=')
assert long.startswith('--')
value = None if eq == value == '' else value
long, eq, value = tokens.move().partition("=")
assert long.startswith("--")
value = None if eq == value == "" else value
similar = [o for o in options if o.long == long]
if tokens.error is DocoptExit and similar == []: # if no exact match
similar = [o for o in options if o.long and o.long.startswith(long)]
if len(similar) > 1: # might be simply specified ambiguously 2+ times?
raise tokens.error('%s is not a unique prefix: %s?' %
(long, ', '.join(o.long for o in similar)))
raise tokens.error(
"%s is not a unique prefix: %s?"
% (long, ", ".join(o.long for o in similar))
)
elif len(similar) < 1:
argcount = 1 if eq == '=' else 0
argcount = 1 if eq == "=" else 0
o = Option(None, long, argcount)
options.append(o)
if tokens.error is DocoptExit:
o = Option(None, long, argcount, value if argcount else True)
else:
o = Option(similar[0].short, similar[0].long,
similar[0].argcount, similar[0].value)
o = Option(
similar[0].short, similar[0].long, similar[0].argcount, similar[0].value
)
if o.argcount == 0:
if value is not None:
raise tokens.error('%s must not have an argument' % o.long)
raise tokens.error("%s must not have an argument" % o.long)
else:
if value is None:
if tokens.current() in [None, '--']:
raise tokens.error('%s requires argument' % o.long)
if tokens.current() in [None, "--"]:
raise tokens.error("%s requires argument" % o.long)
value = tokens.move()
if tokens.error is DocoptExit:
o.value = value if value is not None else True
@ -334,32 +337,32 @@ def parse_long(tokens, options):
def parse_shorts(tokens, options):
"""shorts ::= '-' ( chars )* [ [ ' ' ] chars ] ;"""
token = tokens.move()
assert token.startswith('-') and not token.startswith('--')
left = token.lstrip('-')
assert token.startswith("-") and not token.startswith("--")
left = token.lstrip("-")
parsed = []
while left != '':
short, left = '-' + left[0], left[1:]
while left != "":
short, left = "-" + left[0], left[1:]
similar = [o for o in options if o.short == short]
if len(similar) > 1:
raise tokens.error('%s is specified ambiguously %d times' %
(short, len(similar)))
raise tokens.error(
"%s is specified ambiguously %d times" % (short, len(similar))
)
elif len(similar) < 1:
o = Option(short, None, 0)
options.append(o)
if tokens.error is DocoptExit:
o = Option(short, None, 0, True)
else: # why copying is necessary here?
o = Option(short, similar[0].long,
similar[0].argcount, similar[0].value)
o = Option(short, similar[0].long, similar[0].argcount, similar[0].value)
value = None
if o.argcount != 0:
if left == '':
if tokens.current() in [None, '--']:
raise tokens.error('%s requires argument' % short)
if left == "":
if tokens.current() in [None, "--"]:
raise tokens.error("%s requires argument" % short)
value = tokens.move()
else:
value = left
left = ''
left = ""
if tokens.error is DocoptExit:
o.value = value if value is not None else True
parsed.append(o)
@ -370,17 +373,17 @@ def parse_pattern(source, options):
tokens = Tokens.from_pattern(source)
result = parse_expr(tokens, options)
if tokens.current() is not None:
raise tokens.error('unexpected ending: %r' % ' '.join(tokens))
raise tokens.error("unexpected ending: %r" % " ".join(tokens))
return Required(*result)
def parse_expr(tokens, options):
"""expr ::= seq ( '|' seq )* ;"""
seq = parse_seq(tokens, options)
if tokens.current() != '|':
if tokens.current() != "|":
return seq
result = [Required(*seq)] if len(seq) > 1 else seq
while tokens.current() == '|':
while tokens.current() == "|":
tokens.move()
seq = parse_seq(tokens, options)
result += [Required(*seq)] if len(seq) > 1 else seq
@ -390,9 +393,9 @@ def parse_expr(tokens, options):
def parse_seq(tokens, options):
"""seq ::= ( atom [ '...' ] )* ;"""
result = []
while tokens.current() not in [None, ']', ')', '|']:
while tokens.current() not in [None, "]", ")", "|"]:
atom = parse_atom(tokens, options)
if tokens.current() == '...':
if tokens.current() == "...":
atom = [OneOrMore(*atom)]
tokens.move()
result += atom
@ -405,21 +408,21 @@ def parse_atom(tokens, options):
"""
token = tokens.current()
result = []
if token in '([':
if token in "([":
tokens.move()
matching, pattern = {'(': [')', Required], '[': [']', Optional]}[token]
matching, pattern = {"(": [")", Required], "[": ["]", Optional]}[token]
result = pattern(*parse_expr(tokens, options))
if tokens.move() != matching:
raise tokens.error("unmatched '%s'" % token)
return [result]
elif token == 'options':
elif token == "options":
tokens.move()
return [OptionsShortcut()]
elif token.startswith('--') and token != '--':
elif token.startswith("--") and token != "--":
return parse_long(tokens, options)
elif token.startswith('-') and token not in ('-', '--'):
elif token.startswith("-") and token not in ("-", "--"):
return parse_shorts(tokens, options)
elif token.startswith('<') and token.endswith('>') or token.isupper():
elif token.startswith("<") and token.endswith(">") or token.isupper():
return [Argument(tokens.move())]
else:
return [Command(tokens.move())]
@ -436,11 +439,11 @@ def parse_argv(tokens, options, options_first=False):
"""
parsed = []
while tokens.current() is not None:
if tokens.current() == '--':
if tokens.current() == "--":
return parsed + [Argument(None, v) for v in tokens]
elif tokens.current().startswith('--'):
elif tokens.current().startswith("--"):
parsed += parse_long(tokens, options)
elif tokens.current().startswith('-') and tokens.current() != '-':
elif tokens.current().startswith("-") and tokens.current() != "-":
parsed += parse_shorts(tokens, options)
elif options_first:
return parsed + [Argument(None, v) for v in tokens]
@ -451,40 +454,42 @@ def parse_argv(tokens, options, options_first=False):
def parse_defaults(doc):
defaults = []
for s in parse_section('options:', doc):
for s in parse_section("options:", doc):
# FIXME corner case "bla: options: --foo"
_, _, s = s.partition(':') # get rid of "options:"
split = re.split('\n[ \t]*(-\S+?)', '\n' + s)[1:]
_, _, s = s.partition(":") # get rid of "options:"
split = re.split("\n[ \t]*(-\S+?)", "\n" + s)[1:]
split = [s1 + s2 for s1, s2 in zip(split[::2], split[1::2])]
options = [Option.parse(s) for s in split if s.startswith('-')]
options = [Option.parse(s) for s in split if s.startswith("-")]
defaults += options
return defaults
def parse_section(name, source):
pattern = re.compile('^([^\n]*' + name + '[^\n]*\n?(?:[ \t].*?(?:\n|$))*)',
re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE)
pattern = re.compile(
"^([^\n]*" + name + "[^\n]*\n?(?:[ \t].*?(?:\n|$))*)",
re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE,
)
return [s.strip() for s in pattern.findall(source)]
def formal_usage(section):
_, _, section = section.partition(':') # drop "usage:"
_, _, section = section.partition(":") # drop "usage:"
pu = section.split()
return '( ' + ' '.join(') | (' if s == pu[0] else s for s in pu[1:]) + ' )'
return "( " + " ".join(") | (" if s == pu[0] else s for s in pu[1:]) + " )"
def extras(help, version, options, doc):
if help and any((o.name in ('-h', '--help')) and o.value for o in options):
if help and any((o.name in ("-h", "--help")) and o.value for o in options):
print(doc.strip("\n"))
sys.exit()
if version and any(o.name == '--version' and o.value for o in options):
if version and any(o.name == "--version" and o.value for o in options):
print(version)
sys.exit()
class Dict(dict):
def __repr__(self):
return '{%s}' % ',\n '.join('%r: %r' % i for i in sorted(self.items()))
return "{%s}" % ",\n ".join("%r: %r" % i for i in sorted(self.items()))
def docopt(doc, argv=None, help=True, version=None, options_first=False):
@ -552,7 +557,7 @@ def docopt(doc, argv=None, help=True, version=None, options_first=False):
"""
argv = sys.argv[1:] if argv is None else argv
usage_sections = parse_section('usage:', doc)
usage_sections = parse_section("usage:", doc)
if len(usage_sections) == 0:
raise DocoptLanguageError('"usage:" (case-insensitive) not found.')
if len(usage_sections) > 1:
@ -562,7 +567,7 @@ def docopt(doc, argv=None, help=True, version=None, options_first=False):
options = parse_defaults(doc)
pattern = parse_pattern(formal_usage(DocoptExit.usage), options)
# [default] syntax for argument is disabled
#for a in pattern.flat(Argument):
# for a in pattern.flat(Argument):
# same_name = [d for d in arguments if d.name == a.name]
# if same_name:
# a.value = same_name[0].value
@ -571,7 +576,7 @@ def docopt(doc, argv=None, help=True, version=None, options_first=False):
for options_shortcut in pattern.flat(OptionsShortcut):
doc_options = parse_defaults(doc)
options_shortcut.children = list(set(doc_options) - pattern_options)
#if any_options:
# if any_options:
# options_shortcut.children += [Option(o.short, o.long, o.argcount)
# for o in argv if type(o) is Option]
extras(help, version, argv, doc)

View File

@ -7,7 +7,10 @@
# This will checkout the website to fmt/build/fmt.dev and deploy documentation
# <version> there.
import errno, os, shutil, sys
import errno
import os
import shutil
import sys
from subprocess import call
support_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.normpath(__file__))

View File

@ -8,12 +8,13 @@
# - UnicodeData.txt
from collections import namedtuple
import csv
import os
import subprocess
from collections import namedtuple
NUM_CODEPOINTS = 0x110000
NUM_CODEPOINTS=0x110000
def to_ranges(iter):
current = None
@ -27,11 +28,15 @@ def to_ranges(iter):
if current is not None:
yield tuple(current)
def get_escaped(codepoints):
for c in codepoints:
if (c.class_ or "Cn") in "Cc Cf Cs Co Cn Zl Zp Zs".split() and c.value != ord(' '):
if (c.class_ or "Cn") in "Cc Cf Cs Co Cn Zl Zp Zs".split() and c.value != ord(
" "
):
yield c.value
def get_file(f):
try:
return open(os.path.basename(f))
@ -39,7 +44,9 @@ def get_file(f):
subprocess.run(["curl", "-O", f], check=True)
return open(os.path.basename(f))
Codepoint = namedtuple('Codepoint', 'value class_')
Codepoint = namedtuple("Codepoint", "value class_")
def get_codepoints(f):
r = csv.reader(f, delimiter=";")
@ -70,13 +77,14 @@ def get_codepoints(f):
for c in range(prev_codepoint + 1, NUM_CODEPOINTS):
yield Codepoint(c, None)
def compress_singletons(singletons):
uppers = [] # (upper, # items in lowers)
lowers = []
for i in singletons:
upper = i >> 8
lower = i & 0xff
lower = i & 0xFF
if len(uppers) == 0 or uppers[-1][0] != upper:
uppers.append((upper, 1))
else:
@ -86,6 +94,7 @@ def compress_singletons(singletons):
return uppers, lowers
def compress_normal(normal):
# lengths 0x00..0x7f are encoded as 00, 01, ..., 7e, 7f
# lengths 0x80..0x7fff are encoded as 80 80, 80 81, ..., ff fe, ff ff
@ -99,21 +108,22 @@ def compress_normal(normal):
assert truelen < 0x8000 and falselen < 0x8000
entry = []
if truelen > 0x7f:
if truelen > 0x7F:
entry.append(0x80 | (truelen >> 8))
entry.append(truelen & 0xff)
entry.append(truelen & 0xFF)
else:
entry.append(truelen & 0x7f)
if falselen > 0x7f:
entry.append(truelen & 0x7F)
if falselen > 0x7F:
entry.append(0x80 | (falselen >> 8))
entry.append(falselen & 0xff)
entry.append(falselen & 0xFF)
else:
entry.append(falselen & 0x7f)
entry.append(falselen & 0x7F)
compressed.append(entry)
return compressed
def print_singletons(uppers, lowers, uppersname, lowersname):
print(" static constexpr singleton {}[] = {{".format(uppersname))
for u, c in uppers:
@ -121,21 +131,25 @@ def print_singletons(uppers, lowers, uppersname, lowersname):
print(" };")
print(" static constexpr unsigned char {}[] = {{".format(lowersname))
for i in range(0, len(lowers), 8):
print(" {}".format(" ".join("{:#04x},".format(l) for l in lowers[i:i+8])))
print(
" {}".format(" ".join("{:#04x},".format(l) for l in lowers[i : i + 8]))
)
print(" };")
def print_normal(normal, normalname):
print(" static constexpr unsigned char {}[] = {{".format(normalname))
for v in normal:
print(" {}".format(" ".join("{:#04x},".format(i) for i in v)))
print(" };")
def main():
file = get_file("https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt")
codepoints = get_codepoints(file)
CUTOFF=0x10000
CUTOFF = 0x10000
singletons0 = []
singletons1 = []
normal0 = []
@ -173,10 +187,10 @@ def main():
print("""\
FMT_FUNC auto is_printable(uint32_t cp) -> bool {\
""")
print_singletons(singletons0u, singletons0l, 'singletons0', 'singletons0_lower')
print_singletons(singletons1u, singletons1l, 'singletons1', 'singletons1_lower')
print_normal(normal0, 'normal0')
print_normal(normal1, 'normal1')
print_singletons(singletons0u, singletons0l, "singletons0", "singletons0_lower")
print_singletons(singletons1u, singletons1l, "singletons1", "singletons1_lower")
print_normal(normal0, "normal0")
print_normal(normal1, "normal1")
print("""\
auto lower = static_cast<uint16_t>(cp);
if (cp < 0x10000) {
@ -197,5 +211,6 @@ FMT_FUNC auto is_printable(uint32_t cp) -> bool {\
}}\
""".format(NUM_CODEPOINTS))
if __name__ == '__main__':
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

View File

@ -208,9 +208,9 @@ def render_decl(d: Definition) -> str:
text += d.name
if d.params is not None:
params = ", ".join([
(p.type + " " if p.type else "") + p.name for p in d.params
])
params = ", ".join(
[(p.type + " " if p.type else "") + p.name for p in d.params]
)
text += "(" + escape_html(params) + ")"
if d.trailing_return_type:
text += " -&NoBreak;>&nbsp;" + escape_html(d.trailing_return_type)
@ -445,7 +445,9 @@ class CxxHandler(BaseHandler):
def get_handler(
handler_config: "MutableMapping[str, Any]", tool_config: "MkDocsConfig", **kwargs: Any
handler_config: "MutableMapping[str, Any]",
tool_config: "MkDocsConfig",
**kwargs: Any,
) -> CxxHandler:
"""Return an instance of `CxxHandler`.

View File

@ -10,10 +10,19 @@ obtained from https://github.com/settings/tokens.
"""
from __future__ import print_function
import datetime, docopt, errno, fileinput, json, os
import re, shutil, sys
from subprocess import check_call
import datetime
import errno
import fileinput
import json
import os
import re
import shutil
import sys
import urllib.request
from subprocess import check_call
import docopt
class Git:
@ -21,31 +30,31 @@ class Git:
self.dir = dir
def call(self, method, args, **kwargs):
return check_call(['git', method] + list(args), **kwargs)
return check_call(["git", method] + list(args), **kwargs)
def add(self, *args):
return self.call('add', args, cwd=self.dir)
return self.call("add", args, cwd=self.dir)
def checkout(self, *args):
return self.call('checkout', args, cwd=self.dir)
return self.call("checkout", args, cwd=self.dir)
def clean(self, *args):
return self.call('clean', args, cwd=self.dir)
return self.call("clean", args, cwd=self.dir)
def clone(self, *args):
return self.call('clone', list(args) + [self.dir])
return self.call("clone", list(args) + [self.dir])
def commit(self, *args):
return self.call('commit', args, cwd=self.dir)
return self.call("commit", args, cwd=self.dir)
def pull(self, *args):
return self.call('pull', args, cwd=self.dir)
return self.call("pull", args, cwd=self.dir)
def push(self, *args):
return self.call('push', args, cwd=self.dir)
return self.call("push", args, cwd=self.dir)
def reset(self, *args):
return self.call('reset', args, cwd=self.dir)
return self.call("reset", args, cwd=self.dir)
def update(self, *args):
clone = not os.path.exists(self.dir)
@ -55,8 +64,8 @@ class Git:
def clean_checkout(repo, branch):
repo.clean('-f', '-d')
repo.reset('--hard')
repo.clean("-f", "-d")
repo.reset("--hard")
repo.checkout(branch)
@ -65,70 +74,71 @@ class Runner:
self.cwd = cwd
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
kwargs['cwd'] = kwargs.get('cwd', self.cwd)
kwargs["cwd"] = kwargs.get("cwd", self.cwd)
check_call(args, **kwargs)
def create_build_env():
"""Create a build environment."""
class Env:
pass
env = Env()
env.fmt_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
env.build_dir = 'build'
env.fmt_repo = Git(os.path.join(env.build_dir, 'fmt'))
env.build_dir = "build"
env.fmt_repo = Git(os.path.join(env.build_dir, "fmt"))
return env
if __name__ == '__main__':
if __name__ == "__main__":
args = docopt.docopt(__doc__)
env = create_build_env()
fmt_repo = env.fmt_repo
branch = args.get('<branch>')
branch = args.get("<branch>")
if branch is None:
branch = 'master'
if not fmt_repo.update('-b', branch, 'git@github.com:fmtlib/fmt'):
branch = "master"
if not fmt_repo.update("-b", branch, "git@github.com:fmtlib/fmt"):
clean_checkout(fmt_repo, branch)
# Update the date in the changelog and extract the version and the first
# section content.
changelog = 'ChangeLog.md'
changelog = "ChangeLog.md"
changelog_path = os.path.join(fmt_repo.dir, changelog)
is_first_section = True
first_section = []
for i, line in enumerate(fileinput.input(changelog_path, inplace=True)):
if i == 0:
version = re.match(r'# (.*) - TBD', line).group(1)
line = '# {} - {}\n'.format(
version, datetime.date.today().isoformat())
version = re.match(r"# (.*) - TBD", line).group(1)
line = "# {} - {}\n".format(version, datetime.date.today().isoformat())
elif not is_first_section:
pass
elif line.startswith('#'):
elif line.startswith("#"):
is_first_section = False
else:
first_section.append(line)
sys.stdout.write(line)
if first_section[0] == '\n':
if first_section[0] == "\n":
first_section.pop(0)
ns_version = None
base_h_path = os.path.join(fmt_repo.dir, 'include', 'fmt', 'base.h')
base_h_path = os.path.join(fmt_repo.dir, "include", "fmt", "base.h")
for line in fileinput.input(base_h_path):
m = re.match(r'\s*inline namespace v(.*) .*', line)
m = re.match(r"\s*inline namespace v(.*) .*", line)
if m:
ns_version = m.group(1)
break
major_version = version.split('.')[0]
major_version = version.split(".")[0]
if not ns_version or ns_version != major_version:
raise Exception(f'Version mismatch {ns_version} != {major_version}')
raise Exception(f"Version mismatch {ns_version} != {major_version}")
# Workaround GitHub-flavored Markdown treating newlines as <br>.
changes = ''
changes = ""
code_block = False
stripped = False
for line in first_section:
if re.match(r'^\s*```', line):
if re.match(r"^\s*```", line):
code_block = not code_block
changes += line
stripped = False
@ -136,53 +146,64 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
if code_block:
changes += line
continue
if line == '\n' or re.match(r'^\s*\|.*', line):
if line == "\n" or re.match(r"^\s*\|.*", line):
if stripped:
changes += '\n'
changes += "\n"
stripped = False
changes += line
continue
if stripped:
line = ' ' + line.lstrip()
line = " " + line.lstrip()
changes += line.rstrip()
stripped = True
fmt_repo.checkout('-B', 'release')
fmt_repo.checkout("-B", "release")
fmt_repo.add(changelog)
fmt_repo.commit('-m', 'Update version')
fmt_repo.commit("-m", "Update version")
# Build the docs and package.
run = Runner(fmt_repo.dir)
run('cmake', '.')
run('make', 'doc', 'package_source')
run("cmake", ".")
run("make", "doc", "package_source")
# Create a release on GitHub.
fmt_repo.push('origin', 'release')
auth_headers = {'Authorization': 'token ' + os.getenv('FMT_TOKEN')}
fmt_repo.push("origin", "release")
auth_headers = {"Authorization": "token " + os.getenv("FMT_TOKEN")}
req = urllib.request.Request(
'https://api.github.com/repos/fmtlib/fmt/releases',
data=json.dumps({'tag_name': version,
'target_commitish': 'release',
'body': changes, 'draft': True}).encode('utf-8'),
headers=auth_headers, method='POST')
"https://api.github.com/repos/fmtlib/fmt/releases",
data=json.dumps(
{
"tag_name": version,
"target_commitish": "release",
"body": changes,
"draft": True,
}
).encode("utf-8"),
headers=auth_headers,
method="POST",
)
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
if response.status != 201:
raise Exception(f'Failed to create a release ' +
'{response.status} {response.reason}')
response_data = json.loads(response.read().decode('utf-8'))
id = response_data['id']
raise Exception(
f"Failed to create a release " + "{response.status} {response.reason}"
)
response_data = json.loads(response.read().decode("utf-8"))
id = response_data["id"]
# Upload the package.
uploads_url = 'https://uploads.github.com/repos/fmtlib/fmt/releases'
package = 'fmt-{}.zip'.format(version)
uploads_url = "https://uploads.github.com/repos/fmtlib/fmt/releases"
package = "fmt-{}.zip".format(version)
req = urllib.request.Request(
f'{uploads_url}/{id}/assets?name={package}',
headers={'Content-Type': 'application/zip'} | auth_headers,
data=open('build/fmt/' + package, 'rb').read(), method='POST')
f"{uploads_url}/{id}/assets?name={package}",
headers={"Content-Type": "application/zip"} | auth_headers,
data=open("build/fmt/" + package, "rb").read(),
method="POST",
)
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
if response.status != 201:
raise Exception(f'Failed to upload an asset '
'{response.status} {response.reason}')
raise Exception(
f"Failed to upload an asset " "{response.status} {response.reason}"
)
short_version = '.'.join(version.split('.')[:-1])
check_call(['./mkdocs', 'deploy', short_version])
short_version = ".".join(version.split(".")[:-1])
check_call(["./mkdocs", "deploy", short_version])