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base: coffee:master
Branches Tags
coffee:master
coffee:4.x
coffee:10.x
coffee:text
coffee:12.1.0
coffee:12.0.0
coffee:11.2.0
coffee:11.1.4
coffee:11.1.3
coffee:11.1.2
coffee:11.1.1
coffee:11.1.0
coffee:11.0.2
coffee:11.0.1
coffee:11.0.0
coffee:10.2.1
coffee:10.2.0
coffee:10.1.1
coffee:10.1.0
coffee:10.0.0
coffee:9.1.0
coffee:9.0.0
coffee:8.1.1
coffee:8.1.0
coffee:8.0.1
coffee:8.0.0
coffee:7.1.3
coffee:7.1.2
coffee:7.1.1
coffee:7.1.0
coffee:7.0.3
coffee:7.0.2
coffee:7.0.1
coffee:7.0.0
coffee:6.2.1
coffee:6.2.0
coffee:6.1.2
coffee:6.1.1
coffee:6.1.0
coffee:6.0.0
coffee:5.3.0
coffee:5.2.1
coffee:5.2.0
coffee:5.1.0
coffee:5.0.0
coffee:4.1.0
coffee:4.0.0
coffee:3.0.2
coffee:3.0.1
coffee:3.0.0
coffee:2.1.1
coffee:2.1.0
coffee:2.0.1
coffee:2.0.0
coffee:1.1.0
coffee:1.0.0
coffee:0.12.0
coffee:v0.11.0
coffee:0.10.0
coffee:0.9.0
coffee:0.8.0
..
compare: coffee:1.1.0
Branches Tags
coffee:master
coffee:4.x
coffee:10.x
coffee:text
coffee:12.1.0
coffee:12.0.0
coffee:11.2.0
coffee:11.1.4
coffee:11.1.3
coffee:11.1.2
coffee:11.1.1
coffee:11.1.0
coffee:11.0.2
coffee:11.0.1
coffee:11.0.0
coffee:10.2.1
coffee:10.2.0
coffee:10.1.1
coffee:10.1.0
coffee:10.0.0
coffee:9.1.0
coffee:9.0.0
coffee:8.1.1
coffee:8.1.0
coffee:8.0.1
coffee:8.0.0
coffee:7.1.3
coffee:7.1.2
coffee:7.1.1
coffee:7.1.0
coffee:7.0.3
coffee:7.0.2
coffee:7.0.1
coffee:7.0.0
coffee:6.2.1
coffee:6.2.0
coffee:6.1.2
coffee:6.1.1
coffee:6.1.0
coffee:6.0.0
coffee:5.3.0
coffee:5.2.1
coffee:5.2.0
coffee:5.1.0
coffee:5.0.0
coffee:4.1.0
coffee:4.0.0
coffee:3.0.2
coffee:3.0.1
coffee:3.0.0
coffee:2.1.1
coffee:2.1.0
coffee:2.0.1
coffee:2.0.0
coffee:1.1.0
coffee:1.0.0
coffee:0.12.0
coffee:v0.11.0
coffee:0.10.0
coffee:0.9.0
coffee:0.8.0

No commits in common. "master" and "1.1.0" have entirely different histories.
master ... 1.1.0

163 changed files with 47107 additions and 72945 deletions
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15
.clang-format
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# Run manually to reformat a file:
# clang-format -i --style=file <file>
Language: Cpp
BasedOnStyle: Google
IndentPPDirectives: AfterHash
IndentCaseLabels: false
AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: false
DerivePointerAlignment: false
AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: true
QualifierAlignment: Left
AlignConsecutiveShortCaseStatements:
Enabled: true
AcrossEmptyLines: true
AcrossComments: true
AlignCaseColons: false

4
.clang-tidy
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
Checks: modernize-use-trailing-return-type
CheckOptions:
- key: modernize-use-trailing-return-type.TransformLambdas
value: none

8
.github/dependabot.yml vendored
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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
version: 2
updates:
- package-ecosystem: "github-actions" # Necessary to update action hashes.
directory: "/"
schedule:
interval: "monthly"
# Allow up to 3 opened pull requests for github-actions versions.
open-pull-requests-limit: 3

6
.github/issue_template.md vendored
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@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
<!--
Please make sure that the problem reproduces on the current master before
submitting an issue.
If possible please provide a repro on Compiler Explorer:
https://godbolt.org/z/fxccbh53W.
-->

7
.github/pull_request_template.md vendored
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@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
<!--
Please read the contribution guidelines before submitting a pull request:
https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md.
By submitting this pull request, you agree to license your contribution(s)
under the terms outlined in LICENSE.rst and represent that you have the right
to do so.
-->

32
.github/workflows/cifuzz.yml vendored
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@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
name: CIFuzz
on: [pull_request]
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
Fuzzing:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Build fuzzers
id: build
uses: google/oss-fuzz/infra/cifuzz/actions/build_fuzzers@92182553173581f871130c71c71b17f003d47b0a
with:
oss-fuzz-project-name: 'fmt'
dry-run: false
language: c++
- name: Run fuzzers
uses: google/oss-fuzz/infra/cifuzz/actions/run_fuzzers@92182553173581f871130c71c71b17f003d47b0a
with:
oss-fuzz-project-name: 'fmt'
fuzz-seconds: 300
dry-run: false
language: c++
- name: Upload crash
uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
if: failure() && steps.build.outcome == 'success'
with:
name: artifacts
path: ./out/artifacts

42
.github/workflows/doc.yml vendored
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@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
name: doc
on: [push, pull_request]
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
- name: Add Ubuntu mirrors
run: |
# Github Actions caching proxy is at times unreliable
# see https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/7048
printf 'http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu\tpriority:1\n' | sudo tee /etc/apt/mirrors.txt
curl http://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt | sudo tee --append /etc/apt/mirrors.txt
sudo sed -i 's~http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/~mirror+file:/etc/apt/mirrors.txt~' /etc/apt/sources.list
- name: Create build environment
run: |
sudo apt update
sudo apt install doxygen
pip install mkdocs-material==9.5.25 mkdocstrings==0.26.1 mike==2.1.1
cmake -E make_directory ${{runner.workspace}}/build
# Workaround https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/13:
git config --global user.name "$(git --no-pager log --format=format:'%an' -n 1)"
git config --global user.email "$(git --no-pager log --format=format:'%ae' -n 1)"
- name: Build
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/support/mkdocs deploy dev
- name: Deploy
env:
KEY: "${{secrets.KEY}}"
if: env.KEY != '' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master'
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/fmt/build/fmt.dev
run: git push https://$KEY@github.com/fmtlib/fmt.dev.git

28
.github/workflows/lint.yml vendored
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@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
name: lint
on:
pull_request:
paths:
- '**.h'
- '**.cc'
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
format_code:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
- name: Install clang-format
run: |
wget https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh
sudo bash ./llvm.sh 21
sudo apt install clang-format-21
- name: Run clang-format
run: |
find include src -name '*.h' -o -name '*.cc' | \
xargs clang-format-21 -i -style=file -fallback-style=none
git diff --exit-code

176
.github/workflows/linux.yml vendored
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@ -1,176 +0,0 @@
name: linux
on: [push, pull_request]
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
strategy:
matrix:
cxx: [g++-4.9, g++-11, clang++-3.6, clang++-11]
build_type: [Debug, Release]
std: [11]
shared: [""]
include:
- cxx: g++-4.9
- cxx: clang++-3.6
- cxx: g++-11
build_type: Debug
std: 14
install: sudo apt install g++-11
- cxx: g++-11
build_type: Debug
std: 17
- cxx: g++-11
build_type: Debug
std: 20
install: sudo apt install g++-11
- cxx: g++-13
build_type: Release
std: 23
install: sudo apt install g++-13
shared: -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON
- cxx: clang++-11
build_type: Debug
std: 17
cxxflags: -stdlib=libc++
install: sudo apt install clang-11 libc++-11-dev libc++abi-11-dev
- cxx: clang++-11
install: sudo apt install clang-11
- cxx: clang++-11
build_type: Debug
fuzz: -DFMT_FUZZ=ON -DFMT_FUZZ_LINKMAIN=ON
std: 17
install: sudo apt install clang-11
- cxx: clang++-14
build_type: Debug
std: 20
- cxx: clang++-14
build_type: Debug
std: 20
cxxflags: -stdlib=libc++
install: sudo apt install libc++-14-dev libc++abi-14-dev
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
- name: Set timezone
run: sudo timedatectl set-timezone 'Europe/Kyiv'
- name: Install GCC 4.9
run: |
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libatomic1 libc6-dev libgomp1 libitm1 libmpc3
# https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/xenial/amd64/g++-4.9/4.9.3-13ubuntu2
wget --no-verbose \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/230069137/libmpfr4_3.1.3-2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/253728424/libasan1_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346135/libubsan0_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346112/libcilkrts5_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/253728426/libgcc-4.9-dev_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/253728432/libstdc++-4.9-dev_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/253728314/gcc-4.9-base_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445345919/gcc-5-base_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/253728399/cpp-4.9_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/253728404/gcc-4.9_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/253728401/g++-4.9_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i \
libmpfr4_3.1.3-2_amd64.deb \
libasan1_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
libubsan0_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libcilkrts5_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libgcc-4.9-dev_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
libstdc++-4.9-dev_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
gcc-4.9-base_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
gcc-5-base_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
cpp-4.9_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
gcc-4.9_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
g++-4.9_4.9.3-13ubuntu2_amd64.deb
if: ${{ matrix.cxx == 'g++-4.9' }}
- name: Install Clang 3.6
run: |
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libtinfo5
# https://code.launchpad.net/ubuntu/xenial/amd64/clang-3.6/1:3.6.2-3ubuntu2
wget --no-verbose \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/230019046/libffi6_3.2.1-4_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346109/libasan2_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346135/libubsan0_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346112/libcilkrts5_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346128/libmpx0_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346113/libgcc-5-dev_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346131/libstdc++-5-dev_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445346022/libobjc-5-dev_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/254405108/libllvm3.6v5_3.6.2-3ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/254405097/libclang-common-3.6-dev_3.6.2-3ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/254405101/libclang1-3.6_3.6.2-3ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/445345919/gcc-5-base_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/254405091/clang-3.6_3.6.2-3ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i \
libffi6_3.2.1-4_amd64.deb \
libasan2_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libubsan0_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libcilkrts5_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libmpx0_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libgcc-5-dev_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libstdc++-5-dev_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libobjc-5-dev_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
libllvm3.6v5_3.6.2-3ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
libclang-common-3.6-dev_3.6.2-3ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
libclang1-3.6_3.6.2-3ubuntu2_amd64.deb \
gcc-5-base_5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12_amd64.deb \
clang-3.6_3.6.2-3ubuntu2_amd64.deb
if: ${{ matrix.cxx == 'clang++-3.6' }}
- name: Add repositories for newer GCC
run: |
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
if: ${{ matrix.cxx == 'g++-13' }}
- name: Add Ubuntu mirrors
run: |
# GitHub Actions caching proxy is at times unreliable
# see https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/7048.
mirrors=/etc/apt/mirrors.txt
printf 'http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu\tpriority:1\n' | \
sudo tee $mirrors
curl http://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt | sudo tee --append $mirrors
sudo sed -i \
"s~http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/~mirror+file:$mirrors~" \
/etc/apt/sources.list
- name: Create build environment
run: |
sudo apt update
${{matrix.install}}
sudo apt install locales-all
cmake -E make_directory ${{runner.workspace}}/build
- name: Configure
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
env:
CXX: ${{matrix.cxx}}
CXXFLAGS: ${{matrix.cxxflags}}
run: |
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{matrix.build_type}} \
-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{matrix.std}} \
-DCMAKE_CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET=hidden \
-DCMAKE_VISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN=ON \
-DFMT_DOC=OFF -DFMT_PEDANTIC=ON -DFMT_WERROR=ON \
${{matrix.fuzz}} ${{matrix.shared}} $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
- name: Build
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: |
threads=`nproc`
cmake --build . --config ${{matrix.build_type}} --parallel $threads
- name: Test
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: ctest -C ${{matrix.build_type}}
env:
CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE: True

55
.github/workflows/macos.yml vendored
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@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
name: macos
on: [push, pull_request]
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
build:
strategy:
matrix:
os: [macos-14]
build_type: [Debug, Release]
std: [11, 17, 20, 23]
shared: [""]
include:
- os: macos-14
std: 23
build_type: Release
shared: -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON
runs-on: '${{ matrix.os }}'
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
- name: Set timezone
run: sudo systemsetup -settimezone 'Europe/Minsk'
- name: Select Xcode 14.3 (macOS 13)
run: sudo xcode-select -s "/Applications/Xcode_14.3.app"
if: ${{ matrix.os == 'macos-13' }}
- name: Create Build Environment
run: cmake -E make_directory ${{runner.workspace}}/build
- name: Configure
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: |
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{matrix.build_type}} ${{matrix.shared}} \
-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{matrix.std}} \
-DCMAKE_CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET=hidden -DCMAKE_VISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN=ON \
-DFMT_DOC=OFF -DFMT_PEDANTIC=ON -DFMT_WERROR=ON $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
- name: Build
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: |
threads=`sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu`
cmake --build . --config ${{matrix.build_type}} --parallel $threads
- name: Test
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: ctest -C ${{matrix.build_type}}
env:
CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE: True

65
.github/workflows/scorecard.yml vendored
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@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
# This workflow uses actions that are not certified by GitHub. They are provided
# by a third-party and are governed by separate terms of service, privacy
# policy, and support documentation.
name: Scorecard supply-chain security
on:
# For Branch-Protection check. Only the default branch is supported. See
# https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#branch-protection
branch_protection_rule:
# To guarantee Maintained check is occasionally updated. See
# https://github.com/ossf/scorecard/blob/main/docs/checks.md#maintained
schedule:
- cron: '26 14 * * 5'
push:
branches: [ "master" ]
# Declare default permissions as read only.
permissions: read-all
jobs:
analysis:
name: Scorecard analysis
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
permissions:
# Needed to upload the results to code-scanning dashboard.
security-events: write
# Needed to publish results and get a badge (see publish_results below).
id-token: write
steps:
- name: "Checkout code"
uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
with:
persist-credentials: false
- name: "Run analysis"
uses: ossf/scorecard-action@05b42c624433fc40578a4040d5cf5e36ddca8cde # v2.4.2
with:
results_file: results.sarif
results_format: sarif
# (Optional) "write" PAT token. Uncomment the `repo_token` line below if:
# - you want to enable the Branch-Protection check on a *public* repository, or
# To create the PAT, follow the steps in https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action#authentication-with-pat.
# repo_token: ${{ secrets.SCORECARD_TOKEN }}
# Public repositories:
# - Publish results to OpenSSF REST API for easy access by consumers
# - Allows the repository to include the Scorecard badge.
# - See https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action#publishing-results.
publish_results: true
# Upload the results as artifacts (optional). Commenting out will disable uploads of run results in SARIF
# format to the repository Actions tab.
- name: "Upload artifact"
uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
with:
name: SARIF file
path: results.sarif
retention-days: 5
# Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
- name: "Upload to code-scanning"
uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee # v3.29.5
with:
sarif_file: results.sarif

91
.github/workflows/windows.yml vendored
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@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
name: windows
on: [push, pull_request]
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
build:
runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
strategy:
matrix:
# windows-2022 has MSVC 2022 installed:
# https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments.
os: [windows-2022]
platform: [Win32, x64]
toolset: [v142]
standard: [14, 17, 20]
shared: ["", -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON]
build_type: [Debug, Release]
exclude:
- { toolset: v142, standard: 14 }
- { platform: Win32, standard: 14 }
- { platform: Win32, standard: 20 }
- { platform: x64, standard: 14, shared: -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON }
- { platform: x64, standard: 20, shared: -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON }
include:
- os: windows-2022
platform: x64
toolset: v143
build_type: Debug
standard: 20
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
- name: Set timezone
run: tzutil /s "FLE Standard Time"
- name: Create Build Environment
run: cmake -E make_directory ${{runner.workspace}}/build
- name: Configure
# Use a bash shell for $GITHUB_WORKSPACE.
shell: bash
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: |
cmake -A ${{matrix.platform}} -T ${{matrix.toolset}} \
-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${{matrix.standard}} \
${{matrix.shared}} -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${{matrix.build_type}} \
$GITHUB_WORKSPACE
- name: Build
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: |
$threads = (Get-CimInstance Win32_ComputerSystem).NumberOfLogicalProcessors
cmake --build . --config ${{matrix.build_type}} --parallel $threads
- name: Test
working-directory: ${{runner.workspace}}/build
run: ctest -C ${{matrix.build_type}} -V
env:
CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE: True
mingw:
runs-on: windows-latest
defaults:
run:
shell: msys2 {0}
strategy:
matrix:
sys: [ mingw64, ucrt64 ]
steps:
- name: Set timezone
run: tzutil /s "FLE Standard Time"
shell: cmd
- uses: msys2/setup-msys2@40677d36a502eb2cf0fb808cc9dec31bf6152638 # v2.28.0
with:
release: false
msystem: ${{matrix.sys}}
pacboy: cc:p cmake:p ninja:p lld:p
- uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
- name: Configure
run: cmake -B ../build -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
env: { LDFLAGS: -fuse-ld=lld }
- name: Build
run: cmake --build ../build
- name: Test
run: ctest -j `nproc` --test-dir ../build
env:
CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE: True

32
.gitignore vendored
View File

@ -1,23 +1,15 @@
*.a
*.so*
*.xcodeproj
*~
.vscode/
.cache/
.vs/
/CMakeScripts
/Testing
/bin
/_CPack_Packages
/doc/doxyxml
/doc/html
/Testing
/install_manifest.txt
CMakeCache.txt
CMakeUserPresets.json
CMakeFiles
CPack*.cmake
CTestTestfile.cmake
FMT.build
Makefile
bin/
build/
*~
*.a
*.zip
cmake_install.cmake
fmt-*.cmake
fmt.pc
CPack*Config.cmake
CTestTestfile.cmake
CMakeCache.txt
CMakeFiles
Makefile

6
.gitmodules vendored Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
[submodule "breathe"]
path = breathe
url = https://github.com/michaeljones/breathe.git
[submodule "doc/sphinx-bootstrap-theme"]
path = doc/sphinx-bootstrap-theme
url = https://github.com/cppformat/sphinx-bootstrap-theme.git

20
.travis.yml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
language: cpp
os:
- linux
- osx
before_install:
- git submodule update --init
env:
- BUILD_TYPE=Debug
- BUILD_TYPE=Release
script:
- cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=$BUILD_TYPE -DFMT_EXTRA_TESTS=ON .
- make -j4
- CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE=1 make test
after_failure:
- cat Testing/Temporary/LastTest.log

6
support/Android.mk → Android.mk
View File

@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := fmt_static
LOCAL_MODULE_FILENAME := libfmt
LOCAL_MODULE := cppformat_static
LOCAL_MODULE_FILENAME := libcppformat
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ../src/format.cc
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := format.cc
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)
LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)

578
CMakeLists.txt
View File

@ -1,278 +1,40 @@
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8...3.28)
message(STATUS "CMake version: ${CMAKE_VERSION}")
# Fallback for using newer policies on CMake <3.12.
if (${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS 3.12)
cmake_policy(VERSION ${CMAKE_MAJOR_VERSION}.${CMAKE_MINOR_VERSION})
endif ()
# Determine if fmt is built as a subproject (using add_subdirectory)
# or if it is the master project.
if (NOT DEFINED FMT_MASTER_PROJECT)
set(FMT_MASTER_PROJECT OFF)
# NOTE: source vs current_source detection is unreliable
# this heuristic is more generally applicable esp w.r.t FetchContent
if (NOT DEFINED PROJECT_NAME)
set(FMT_MASTER_PROJECT ON)
message(STATUS "CMake version: ${CMAKE_VERSION}")
endif ()
endif ()
# Joins arguments and places the results in ${result_var}.
function(join result_var)
set(result "")
foreach (arg ${ARGN})
set(result "${result}${arg}")
endforeach ()
set(${result_var} "${result}" PARENT_SCOPE)
endfunction()
# DEPRECATED! Should be merged into add_module_library.
function(enable_module target)
if (MSVC)
if(NOT CMAKE_GENERATOR STREQUAL "Ninja")
set(BMI_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}")
file(TO_NATIVE_PATH "${BMI_DIR}/${target}.ifc" BMI)
target_compile_options(${target}
PRIVATE /interface /ifcOutput ${BMI}
INTERFACE /reference fmt=${BMI})
set_target_properties(${target} PROPERTIES ADDITIONAL_CLEAN_FILES ${BMI})
set_source_files_properties(${BMI} PROPERTIES GENERATED ON)
endif()
endif ()
endfunction()
set(FMT_USE_CMAKE_MODULES FALSE)
if (CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 3.28 AND
CMAKE_GENERATOR STREQUAL "Ninja")
set(FMT_USE_CMAKE_MODULES TRUE)
endif ()
# Adds a library compiled with C++20 module support.
# `enabled` is a CMake variables that specifies if modules are enabled.
# If modules are disabled `add_module_library` falls back to creating a
# non-modular library.
#
# Usage:
# add_module_library(<name> [sources...] FALLBACK [sources...] [IF enabled])
function(add_module_library name)
cmake_parse_arguments(AML "" "IF" "FALLBACK" ${ARGN})
set(sources ${AML_UNPARSED_ARGUMENTS})
add_library(${name})
set_target_properties(${name} PROPERTIES LINKER_LANGUAGE CXX)
if (NOT ${${AML_IF}})
# Create a non-modular library.
target_sources(${name} PRIVATE ${AML_FALLBACK})
set_target_properties(${name} PROPERTIES CXX_SCAN_FOR_MODULES OFF)
return()
endif ()
# Modules require C++20.
target_compile_features(${name} PUBLIC cxx_std_20)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
target_compile_options(${name} PUBLIC -fmodules-ts)
endif ()
if (FMT_USE_CMAKE_MODULES)
target_sources(${name} PUBLIC FILE_SET fmt TYPE CXX_MODULES
FILES ${sources})
else()
# `std` is affected by CMake options and may be higher than C++20.
get_target_property(std ${name} CXX_STANDARD)
if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
set(pcms)
foreach (src ${sources})
get_filename_component(pcm ${src} NAME_WE)
set(pcm ${pcm}.pcm)
# Propagate -fmodule-file=*.pcm to targets that link with this library.
target_compile_options(
${name} PUBLIC -fmodule-file=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${pcm})
# Use an absolute path to prevent target_link_libraries prepending -l
# to it.
set(pcms ${pcms} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${pcm})
add_custom_command(
OUTPUT ${pcm}
COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}
-std=c++${std} -x c++-module --precompile -c
-o ${pcm} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${src}
"-I$<JOIN:$<TARGET_PROPERTY:${name},INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES>,;-I>"
# Required by the -I generator expression above.
COMMAND_EXPAND_LISTS
DEPENDS ${src})
endforeach ()
# Add .pcm files as sources to make sure they are built before the library.
set(sources)
foreach (pcm ${pcms})
get_filename_component(pcm_we ${pcm} NAME_WE)
set(obj ${pcm_we}.o)
# Use an absolute path to prevent target_link_libraries prepending -l.
set(sources ${sources} ${pcm} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${obj})
add_custom_command(
OUTPUT ${obj}
COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} $<TARGET_PROPERTY:${name},COMPILE_OPTIONS>
-c -o ${obj} ${pcm}
DEPENDS ${pcm})
endforeach ()
endif ()
target_sources(${name} PRIVATE ${sources})
endif()
endfunction()
include(CMakeParseArguments)
# Sets a cache variable with a docstring joined from multiple arguments:
# set(<variable> <value>... CACHE <type> <docstring>...)
# This allows splitting a long docstring for readability.
function(set_verbose)
# cmake_parse_arguments is broken in CMake 3.4 (cannot parse CACHE) so use
# list instead.
list(GET ARGN 0 var)
list(REMOVE_AT ARGN 0)
list(GET ARGN 0 val)
list(REMOVE_AT ARGN 0)
list(REMOVE_AT ARGN 0)
list(GET ARGN 0 type)
list(REMOVE_AT ARGN 0)
join(doc ${ARGN})
set(${var} ${val} CACHE ${type} ${doc})
endfunction()
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)
# Set the default CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE to Release.
# This should be done before the project command since the latter can set
# CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE itself (it does so for nmake).
if (FMT_MASTER_PROJECT AND NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
set_verbose(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release CACHE STRING
"Choose the type of build, options are: None(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS or "
"CMAKE_C_FLAGS used) Debug Release RelWithDebInfo MinSizeRel.")
if (NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release CACHE STRING
"Choose the type of build, options are: None(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS or CMAKE_C_FLAGS used) Debug Release RelWithDebInfo MinSizeRel.")
endif ()
project(FMT CXX)
include(GNUInstallDirs)
set_verbose(FMT_INC_DIR ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR} CACHE STRING
"Installation directory for include files, a relative path that "
"will be joined with ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX} or an absolute path.")
option(FMT_EXTRA_TESTS "Enable extra tests." OFF)
option(FMT_PEDANTIC "Enable extra warnings and expensive tests." OFF)
option(FMT_WERROR "Halt the compilation with an error on compiler warnings."
OFF)
# Options that control generation of various targets.
option(FMT_DOC "Generate the doc target." ${FMT_MASTER_PROJECT})
option(FMT_INSTALL "Generate the install target." ${FMT_MASTER_PROJECT})
option(FMT_TEST "Generate the test target." ${FMT_MASTER_PROJECT})
option(FMT_FUZZ "Generate the fuzz target." OFF)
option(FMT_CUDA_TEST "Generate the cuda-test target." OFF)
option(FMT_OS "Include OS-specific APIs." ON)
option(FMT_MODULE "Build a module instead of a traditional library." OFF)
option(FMT_SYSTEM_HEADERS "Expose headers with marking them as system." OFF)
option(FMT_UNICODE "Enable Unicode support." ON)
if (FMT_TEST AND FMT_MODULE)
# The tests require {fmt} to be compiled as traditional library
message(STATUS "Testing is incompatible with build mode 'module'.")
endif ()
set(FMT_SYSTEM_HEADERS_ATTRIBUTE "")
if (FMT_SYSTEM_HEADERS)
set(FMT_SYSTEM_HEADERS_ATTRIBUTE SYSTEM)
endif ()
if (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "MSDOS")
set(FMT_TEST OFF)
message(STATUS "MSDOS is incompatible with gtest")
endif ()
# Get version from base.h
file(READ include/fmt/base.h base_h)
if (NOT base_h MATCHES "FMT_VERSION ([0-9]+)([0-9][0-9])([0-9][0-9])")
message(FATAL_ERROR "Cannot get FMT_VERSION from base.h.")
endif ()
# Use math to skip leading zeros if any.
math(EXPR CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR ${CMAKE_MATCH_1})
math(EXPR CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR ${CMAKE_MATCH_2})
math(EXPR CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH ${CMAKE_MATCH_3})
join(FMT_VERSION ${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR}.${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR}.
${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH})
message(STATUS "{fmt} version: ${FMT_VERSION}")
project(FORMAT)
message(STATUS "Build type: ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
if (NOT CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
endif ()
list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/support/cmake")
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
include(CheckCXXCompilerFlag)
include(JoinPaths)
if (FMT_MASTER_PROJECT AND NOT DEFINED CMAKE_CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET)
set_verbose(CMAKE_CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET hidden CACHE STRING
"Preset for the export of private symbols")
set_property(CACHE CMAKE_CXX_VISIBILITY_PRESET PROPERTY STRINGS
hidden default)
endif ()
if (FMT_MASTER_PROJECT AND NOT DEFINED CMAKE_VISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN)
set_verbose(CMAKE_VISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN ON CACHE BOOL
"Whether to add a compile flag to hide symbols of inline functions")
endif ()
if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "GNU")
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS -pedantic-errors -Wall -Wextra -pedantic
-Wold-style-cast -Wundef
-Wredundant-decls -Wwrite-strings -Wpointer-arith
-Wcast-qual -Wformat=2 -Wmissing-include-dirs
-Wcast-align
-Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wdisabled-optimization
-Winvalid-pch -Woverloaded-virtual
-Wconversion -Wundef
-Wno-ctor-dtor-privacy -Wno-format-nonliteral)
if (NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.6)
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS}
-Wno-dangling-else -Wno-unused-local-typedefs)
check_cxx_compiler_flag(-std=c++11 HAVE_STD_CPP11_FLAG)
if (HAVE_STD_CPP11_FLAG)
set(CPP11_FLAG -std=c++11)
else ()
check_cxx_compiler_flag(-std=c++0x HAVE_STD_CPP0X_FLAG)
if (HAVE_STD_CPP0X_FLAG)
set(CPP11_FLAG -std=c++0x)
endif ()
if (NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 5.0)
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS} -Wdouble-promotion
-Wtrampolines -Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant -Wuseless-cast
-Wvector-operation-performance -Wsized-deallocation -Wshadow)
endif ()
if (NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 6.0)
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS} -Wshift-overflow=2
-Wduplicated-cond)
# Workaround for GCC regression
# [12/13/14/15 regression] New (since gcc 12) false positive null-dereference in vector.resize
# https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=108860
if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 12.0)
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS} -Wnull-dereference)
endif ()
endif ()
set(WERROR_FLAG -Werror)
endif ()
if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -Wconversion -Wundef
-Wdeprecated -Wweak-vtables -Wshadow
-Wno-gnu-zero-variadic-macro-arguments)
check_cxx_compiler_flag(-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant HAS_NULLPTR_WARNING)
if (HAS_NULLPTR_WARNING)
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS}
-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant)
endif ()
set(WERROR_FLAG -Werror)
endif ()
set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/support/cmake")
if (MSVC)
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS /W3)
set(WERROR_FLAG /WX)
endif ()
if (FMT_MASTER_PROJECT AND CMAKE_GENERATOR MATCHES "Visual Studio")
if (CMAKE_GENERATOR MATCHES "Visual Studio")
# If Microsoft SDK is installed create script run-msbuild.bat that
# calls SetEnv.cmd to set up build environment and runs msbuild.
# calls SetEnv.cmd to to set up build environment and runs msbuild.
# It is useful when building Visual Studio projects with the SDK
# toolchain rather than Visual Studio.
include(FindSetEnv)
@ -280,255 +42,133 @@ if (FMT_MASTER_PROJECT AND CMAKE_GENERATOR MATCHES "Visual Studio")
set(MSBUILD_SETUP "call \"${WINSDK_SETENV}\"")
endif ()
# Set FrameworkPathOverride to get rid of MSB3644 warnings.
join(netfxpath
"C:\\Program Files\\Reference Assemblies\\Microsoft\\Framework\\"
".NETFramework\\v4.0")
set(netfxpath "C:\\Program Files\\Reference Assemblies\\Microsoft\\Framework\\.NETFramework\\v4.0")
file(WRITE run-msbuild.bat "
${MSBUILD_SETUP}
${CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM} -p:FrameworkPathOverride=\"${netfxpath}\" %*")
endif ()
function(add_headers VAR)
set(headers ${${VAR}})
foreach (header ${ARGN})
set(headers ${headers} include/fmt/${header})
endforeach()
set(${VAR} ${headers} PARENT_SCOPE)
endfunction()
set(FMT_SOURCES format.cc format.h)
# Define the fmt library, its includes and the needed defines.
set(FMT_HEADERS)
add_headers(FMT_HEADERS args.h base.h chrono.h color.h compile.h core.h format.h
format-inl.h os.h ostream.h printf.h ranges.h std.h
xchar.h)
set(FMT_SOURCES src/format.cc)
add_module_library(fmt src/fmt.cc FALLBACK
${FMT_SOURCES} ${FMT_HEADERS} README.md ChangeLog.md
IF FMT_MODULE)
add_library(fmt::fmt ALIAS fmt)
if (FMT_MODULE)
enable_module(fmt)
elseif (FMT_OS)
target_sources(fmt PRIVATE src/os.cc)
else()
target_compile_definitions(fmt PRIVATE FMT_OS=0)
endif ()
if (FMT_WERROR)
target_compile_options(fmt PRIVATE ${WERROR_FLAG})
endif ()
if (FMT_PEDANTIC)
target_compile_options(fmt PRIVATE ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS})
endif ()
if (cxx_std_11 IN_LIST CMAKE_CXX_COMPILE_FEATURES)
target_compile_features(fmt PUBLIC cxx_std_11)
include(CheckSymbolExists)
if (WIN32)
check_symbol_exists(open io.h HAVE_OPEN)
else ()
message(WARNING "Feature cxx_std_11 is unknown for the CXX compiler")
check_symbol_exists(open fcntl.h HAVE_OPEN)
endif ()
if (HAVE_OPEN)
add_definitions(-DFMT_USE_FILE_DESCRIPTORS=1)
set(FMT_SOURCES ${FMT_SOURCES} posix.cc posix.h)
endif ()
target_include_directories(fmt ${FMT_SYSTEM_HEADERS_ATTRIBUTE} BEFORE PUBLIC
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${FMT_INC_DIR}>)
set(FMT_DEBUG_POSTFIX d CACHE STRING "Debug library postfix.")
set_target_properties(fmt PROPERTIES
VERSION ${FMT_VERSION} SOVERSION ${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR}
PUBLIC_HEADER "${FMT_HEADERS}"
DEBUG_POSTFIX "${FMT_DEBUG_POSTFIX}"
# Workaround for Visual Studio 2017:
# Ensure the .pdb is created with the same name and in the same directory
# as the .lib. Newer VS versions already do this by default, but there is no
# harm in setting it for those too. Ignored by other generators.
COMPILE_PDB_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}"
COMPILE_PDB_NAME "fmt"
COMPILE_PDB_NAME_DEBUG "fmt${FMT_DEBUG_POSTFIX}")
# Set FMT_LIB_NAME for pkg-config fmt.pc. We cannot use the OUTPUT_NAME target
# property because it's not set by default.
set(FMT_LIB_NAME fmt)
if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
set(FMT_LIB_NAME ${FMT_LIB_NAME}${FMT_DEBUG_POSTFIX})
if (CPP11_FLAG)
set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_FLAGS ${CPP11_FLAG})
endif ()
if (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
target_compile_definitions(fmt PRIVATE FMT_LIB_EXPORT INTERFACE FMT_SHARED)
endif ()
if (FMT_SAFE_DURATION_CAST)
target_compile_definitions(fmt PUBLIC FMT_SAFE_DURATION_CAST)
if (BIICODE)
include(support/cmake/biicode.cmake)
return()
endif ()
add_library(fmt-header-only INTERFACE)
add_library(fmt::fmt-header-only ALIAS fmt-header-only)
if (NOT MSVC)
# Unicode is always supported on compilers other than MSVC.
elseif (FMT_UNICODE)
# Unicode support requires compiling with /utf-8.
target_compile_options(fmt PUBLIC $<$<AND:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>,$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>>:/utf-8>)
target_compile_options(fmt-header-only INTERFACE $<$<AND:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>,$<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC>>:/utf-8>)
else ()
target_compile_definitions(fmt PUBLIC FMT_UNICODE=0)
add_library(format ${FMT_SOURCES})
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
set_target_properties(format PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS
"-Wall -Wextra -Wshadow -pedantic")
endif ()
if (CPP11_FLAG AND FMT_EXTRA_TESTS)
set_target_properties(format PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS ${CPP11_FLAG})
# Test compilation with default flags.
file(GLOB src RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} test/*.cc test/*.h)
add_library(testformat STATIC ${FMT_SOURCE_FILES} ${src})
endif ()
target_compile_definitions(fmt-header-only INTERFACE FMT_HEADER_ONLY=1)
target_compile_features(fmt-header-only INTERFACE cxx_std_11)
add_subdirectory(doc)
target_include_directories(fmt-header-only
${FMT_SYSTEM_HEADERS_ATTRIBUTE} BEFORE INTERFACE
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${FMT_INC_DIR}>)
include_directories(. gmock)
# Install targets.
if (FMT_INSTALL)
include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
set_verbose(FMT_CMAKE_DIR ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/fmt CACHE STRING
"Installation directory for cmake files, a relative path that "
"will be joined with ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX} or an absolute "
"path.")
set(version_config ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/fmt-config-version.cmake)
set(project_config ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/fmt-config.cmake)
set(pkgconfig ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/fmt.pc)
set(targets_export_name fmt-targets)
# We compile Google Test ourselves instead of using pre-compiled libraries.
# See the Google Test FAQ "Why is it not recommended to install a
# pre-compiled copy of Google Test (for example, into /usr/local)?"
# at http://code.google.com/p/googletest/wiki/FAQ for more details.
set_verbose(FMT_LIB_DIR ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR} CACHE STRING
"Installation directory for libraries, a relative path that "
"will be joined to ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX} or an absolute path.")
add_library(gmock STATIC gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc)
find_package(Threads)
target_link_libraries(gmock ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
set_verbose(FMT_PKGCONFIG_DIR ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/pkgconfig CACHE STRING
"Installation directory for pkgconfig (.pc) files, a relative "
"path that will be joined with ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX} or an "
"absolute path.")
# Check if variadic templates are working and not affected by GCC bug 39653:
# https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=39653
check_cxx_source_compiles("
template <class T, class ...Types>
struct S { typedef typename S<Types...>::type type; };
int main() {}" FMT_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES)
# Generate the version, config and target files into the build directory.
write_basic_package_version_file(
${version_config}
VERSION ${FMT_VERSION}
COMPATIBILITY AnyNewerVersion)
# Check if initializer lists are supported.
check_cxx_source_compiles("
#include <initilizer_list>
int main() {}" FMT_INITIALIZER_LIST)
join_paths(libdir_for_pc_file "\${exec_prefix}" "${FMT_LIB_DIR}")
join_paths(includedir_for_pc_file "\${prefix}" "${FMT_INC_DIR}")
configure_file(
"${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/support/cmake/fmt.pc.in"
"${pkgconfig}"
@ONLY)
configure_package_config_file(
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/support/cmake/fmt-config.cmake.in
${project_config}
INSTALL_DESTINATION ${FMT_CMAKE_DIR})
set(INSTALL_TARGETS fmt fmt-header-only)
set(INSTALL_FILE_SET)
if (FMT_USE_CMAKE_MODULES)
set(INSTALL_FILE_SET FILE_SET fmt DESTINATION "${FMT_INC_DIR}/fmt")
endif()
# Install the library and headers.
install(TARGETS ${INSTALL_TARGETS}
COMPONENT fmt_core
EXPORT ${targets_export_name}
LIBRARY DESTINATION ${FMT_LIB_DIR}
ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${FMT_LIB_DIR}
PUBLIC_HEADER DESTINATION "${FMT_INC_DIR}/fmt"
RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
${INSTALL_FILE_SET})
# Use a namespace because CMake provides better diagnostics for namespaced
# imported targets.
export(TARGETS ${INSTALL_TARGETS} NAMESPACE fmt::
FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${targets_export_name}.cmake)
# Install version, config and target files.
install(FILES ${project_config} ${version_config}
DESTINATION ${FMT_CMAKE_DIR}
COMPONENT fmt_core)
install(EXPORT ${targets_export_name} DESTINATION ${FMT_CMAKE_DIR}
NAMESPACE fmt::
COMPONENT fmt_core)
install(FILES "${pkgconfig}" DESTINATION "${FMT_PKGCONFIG_DIR}"
COMPONENT fmt_core)
if (NOT FMT_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES OR NOT FMT_INITIALIZER_LIST)
add_definitions(-DGTEST_LANG_CXX11=0)
endif ()
function(add_doc_target)
find_program(DOXYGEN doxygen
PATHS "$ENV{ProgramFiles}/doxygen/bin"
"$ENV{ProgramFiles\(x86\)}/doxygen/bin")
if (NOT DOXYGEN)
message(STATUS "Target 'doc' disabled because doxygen not found")
return ()
endif ()
# This is disabled at the moment because format is compiled without -std=c++11
# by default.
#check_cxx_source_compiles("
# void f() noexcept {}
# int main(){ f(); }" FMT_BASIC_NOEXCEPT_SUPPORT)
#if (FMT_BASIC_NOEXCEPT_SUPPORT)
# add_definitions(-DFMT_USE_NOEXCEPT=1)
#endif ()
find_program(MKDOCS mkdocs)
if (NOT MKDOCS)
message(STATUS "Target 'doc' disabled because mkdocs not found")
return ()
endif ()
#check_cxx_source_compiles("
# struct C{
# C()=delete;
# C(const C&)=delete;
# C& operator=(const C&)=delete;
# };
# int main(){}" FMT_DELETED_FUNCTIONS)
#if (FMT_DELETED_FUNCTIONS)
# add_definitions(-DFMT_USE_DELETED_FUNCTIONS=1)
#endif ()
set(sources )
foreach (source api.md index.md syntax.md get-started.md fmt.css fmt.js)
set(sources ${sources} doc/${source})
endforeach()
#check_cxx_source_compiles("
# static_assert(true, \"\");
# int main(){}" FMT_STATIC_ASSERT)
#if (FMT_STATIC_ASSERT)
# add_definitions(-DFMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT=1)
#endif ()
add_custom_target(
doc
COMMAND
${CMAKE_COMMAND}
-E env PYTHONPATH=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/support/python
${MKDOCS} build -f ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/support/mkdocs.yml
# MkDocs requires the site dir to be outside of the doc dir.
--site-dir ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/doc-html
--no-directory-urls
SOURCES ${sources})
include(GNUInstallDirs)
install(DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/doc-html/
DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_DATAROOTDIR}/doc/fmt
COMPONENT fmt_doc OPTIONAL)
endfunction()
if (FMT_DOC)
add_doc_target()
# GTest doesn't detect <tuple> with clang.
if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
target_compile_definitions(gmock PUBLIC GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1)
endif ()
if (FMT_TEST)
enable_testing()
add_subdirectory(test)
endif ()
enable_testing()
add_subdirectory(test)
# Control fuzzing independent of the unit tests.
if (FMT_FUZZ)
add_subdirectory(test/fuzzing)
# The FMT_FUZZ macro is used to prevent resource exhaustion in fuzzing
# mode and make fuzzing practically possible. It is similar to
# FUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION but uses a different name to
# avoid interfering with fuzzing of projects that use {fmt}.
# See also https://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html#fuzzer-friendly-build-mode.
target_compile_definitions(fmt PUBLIC FMT_FUZZ)
endif ()
set(gitignore ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/.gitignore)
if (FMT_MASTER_PROJECT AND EXISTS ${gitignore})
if (EXISTS .gitignore)
# Get the list of ignored files from .gitignore.
file (STRINGS ${gitignore} lines)
list(REMOVE_ITEM lines /doc/html)
file (STRINGS ".gitignore" lines)
LIST(REMOVE_ITEM lines /doc/html)
foreach (line ${lines})
string(REPLACE "." "[.]" line "${line}")
string(REPLACE "*" ".*" line "${line}")
set(ignored_files ${ignored_files} "${line}$" "${line}/")
endforeach ()
set(ignored_files ${ignored_files} /.git /build/doxyxml .vagrant)
set(ignored_files ${ignored_files} /.git /breathe /format-benchmark sphinx/)
set(CPACK_SOURCE_GENERATOR ZIP)
set(CPACK_SOURCE_IGNORE_FILES ${ignored_files})
set(CPACK_SOURCE_PACKAGE_FILE_NAME fmt-${FMT_VERSION})
set(CPACK_PACKAGE_NAME fmt)
set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_README ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/README.md)
set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR 1)
set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR 1)
set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH 0)
set(CPPFORMAT_VERSION
${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR}.${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR}.${CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_PATCH})
set(CPACK_SOURCE_PACKAGE_FILE_NAME cppformat-${CPPFORMAT_VERSION})
set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_README ${FORMAT_SOURCE_DIR}/README.rst)
include(CPack)
endif ()
# Install our targets
install(TARGETS format DESTINATION lib)
install(FILES format.h DESTINATION include)

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Contributing to {fmt}
=====================
By submitting a pull request or a patch, you represent that you have the right
to license your contribution to the {fmt} project owners and the community,
agree that your contributions are licensed under the {fmt} license, and agree
to future changes to the licensing.
All C++ code must adhere to [Google C++ Style Guide](
https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html) with the following
exceptions:
* Exceptions are permitted
* snake_case should be used instead of UpperCamelCase for function and type
names
All documentation must adhere to the [Google Developer Documentation Style
Guide](https://developers.google.com/style).
Thanks for contributing!

3299
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1.1.0 - 2015-03-06
------------------
* Added ``BasicArrayWriter``, a class template that provides operations for
formatting and writing data into a fixed-size array
(`#105 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/105>`_ and
`#122 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/122>`_):
.. code:: c++
char buffer[100];
fmt::ArrayWriter w(buffer);
w.write("The answer is {}", 42);
* Added `0 A.D. <http://play0ad.com/>`_ and `PenUltima Online (POL)
<http://www.polserver.com/>`_ to the list of notable projects using C++ Format.
* C++ Format now uses MSVC intrinsics for better formatting performance
(`#115 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/115>`_,
`#116 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/116>`_,
`#118 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/118>`_ and
`#121 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/121>`_).
Previously these optimizations where only used on GCC and Clang.
Thanks to `@CarterLi <https://github.com/CarterLi>`_ and
`@objectx <https://github.com/objectx>`_.
* CMake install target (`#119 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/119>`_).
Thanks to `@TrentHouliston <https://github.com/TrentHouliston>`_.
You can now install C++ Format with ``make install`` command.
* Improved `Biicode <http://www.biicode.com/>`_ support
(`#98 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/98>`_ and
`#104 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/104>`_). Thanks to
`@MariadeAnton <https://github.com/MariadeAnton>`_ and
`@franramirez688 <https://github.com/franramirez688>`_.
* Improved support for bulding with `Android NDK
<https://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/index.html>`_
(`#107 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/107>`_).
Thanks to `@newnon <https://github.com/newnon>`_.
The `android-ndk-example <https://github.com/cppformat/android-ndk-example>`_
repository provides and example of using C++ Format with Android NDK:
.. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cppformat/android-ndk-example/
master/screenshot.png
* Improved documentation of ``SystemError`` and ``WindowsError``
(`#54 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/54>`_).
* Various code improvements
(`#110 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/110>`_,
`#111 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/111>`_
`#112 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/112>`_).
Thanks to `@CarterLi <https://github.com/CarterLi>`_.
* Improved compile-time errors when formatting wide into narrow strings
(`#117 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/117>`_).
* Fixed ``BasicWriter::write`` without formatting arguments when C++11 support
is disabled (`#109 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/109>`_).
* Fixed header-only build on OS X with GCC 4.9
(`#124 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/124>`_).
* Fixed packaging issues (`#94 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/94>`_).
* Fixed warnings in GCC, MSVC and Xcode/Clang
(`#95 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/95>`_,
`#96 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/96>`_ and
`#114 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/114>`_).
* Added `changelog <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/edit/master/ChangeLog.rst>`_
(`#103 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/103>`_).
1.0.0 - 2015-02-05
------------------
* Add support for a header-only configuration when ``FMT_HEADER_ONLY`` is
defined before including ``format.h``:
.. code:: c++
#define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
#include "format.h"
* Compute string length in the constructor of ``BasicStringRef``
instead of the ``size`` method
(`#79 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/79>`_).
This eliminates size computation for string literals on reasonable optimizing
compilers.
* Fix formatting of types with overloaded ``operator <<`` for ``std::wostream``
(`#86 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/86>`_):
.. code:: c++
fmt::format(L"The date is {0}", Date(2012, 12, 9));
* Fix linkage of tests on Arch Linux
(`#89 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/89>`_).
* Allow precision specifier for non-float arguments
(`#90 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/90>`_):
.. code:: c++
fmt::print("{:.3}\n", "Carpet"); // prints "Car"
* Fix build on Android NDK
(`#93 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/93>`_)
* Improvements to documentation build procedure.
* Remove ``FMT_SHARED`` CMake variable in favor of standard `BUILD_SHARED_LIBS
<http://www.cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/variable/BUILD_SHARED_LIBS.html>`_.
* Fix error handling in ``fmt::fprintf``.
* Fix a number of warnings.
0.12.0 - 2014-10-25
-------------------
* [Breaking] Improved separation between formatting and buffer management.
``Writer`` is now a base class that cannot be instantiated directly.
The new ``MemoryWriter`` class implements the default buffer management
with small allocations done on stack. So ``fmt::Writer`` should be replaced
with ``fmt::MemoryWriter`` in variable declarations.
Old code:
.. code:: c++
fmt::Writer w;
New code:
.. code:: c++
fmt::MemoryWriter w;
If you pass ``fmt::Writer`` by reference, you can continue to do so:
.. code:: c++
void f(fmt::Writer &w);
This doesn't affect the formatting API.
* Support for custom memory allocators
(`#69 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/69>`_)
* Formatting functions now accept `signed char` and `unsigned char` strings as
arguments (`#73 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/73>`_):
.. code:: c++
auto s = format("GLSL version: {}", glGetString(GL_VERSION));
* Reduced code bloat. According to the new `benchmark results
<https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat#compile-time-and-code-bloat>`_,
cppformat is close to ``printf`` and by the order of magnitude better than
Boost Format in terms of compiled code size.
* Improved appearance of the documentation on mobile by using the `Sphinx
Bootstrap theme <http://ryan-roemer.github.io/sphinx-bootstrap-theme/>`_:
.. |old| image:: https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/576385/4792130/
cd256436-5de3-11e4-9a62-c077d0c2b003.png
.. |new| image:: https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/576385/4792131/
cd29896c-5de3-11e4-8f59-cac952942bf0.png
+-------+-------+
| Old | New |
+-------+-------+
| |old| | |new| |
+-------+-------+
0.11.0 - 2014-08-21
-------------------
* Safe printf implementation with a POSIX extension for positional arguments:
.. code:: c++
fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
fmt::printf("%1$s, %3$d %2$s", weekday, month, day);
* Arguments of ``char`` type can now be formatted as integers
(Issue `#55 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/55>`_):
.. code:: c++
fmt::format("0x{0:02X}", 'a');
* Deprecated parts of the API removed.
* The library is now built and tested on MinGW with Appveyor in addition to
existing test platforms Linux/GCC, OS X/Clang, Windows/MSVC.
0.10.0 - 2014-07-01
-------------------
**Improved API**
* All formatting methods are now implemented as variadic functions instead
of using ``operator<<`` for feeding arbitrary arguments into a temporary
formatter object. This works both with C++11 where variadic templates are
used and with older standards where variadic functions are emulated by
providing lightweight wrapper functions defined with the ``FMT_VARIADIC``
macro. You can use this macro for defining your own portable variadic
functions:
.. code:: c++
void report_error(const char *format, const fmt::ArgList &args) {
fmt::print("Error: {}");
fmt::print(format, args);
}
FMT_VARIADIC(void, report_error, const char *)
report_error("file not found: {}", path);
Apart from a more natural syntax, this also improves performance as there
is no need to construct temporary formatter objects and control arguments'
lifetimes. Because the wrapper functions are very ligthweight, this doesn't
cause code bloat even in pre-C++11 mode.
* Simplified common case of formatting an ``std::string``. Now it requires a
single function call:
.. code:: c++
std::string s = format("The answer is {}.", 42);
Previously it required 2 function calls:
.. code:: c++
std::string s = str(Format("The answer is {}.") << 42);
Instead of unsafe ``c_str`` function, ``fmt::Writer`` should be used directly
to bypass creation of ``std::string``:
.. code:: c++
fmt::Writer w;
w.write("The answer is {}.", 42);
w.c_str(); // returns a C string
This doesn't do dynamic memory allocation for small strings and is less error
prone as the lifetime of the string is the same as for ``std::string::c_str``
which is well understood (hopefully).
* Improved consistency in naming functions that are a part of the public API.
Now all public functions are lowercase following the standard library
conventions. Previously it was a combination of lowercase and
CapitalizedWords.
Issue `#50 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/50>`_.
* Old functions are marked as deprecated and will be removed in the next
release.
**Other Changes**
* Experimental support for printf format specifications (work in progress):
.. code:: c++
fmt::printf("The answer is %d.", 42);
std::string s = fmt::sprintf("Look, a %s!", "string");
* Support for hexadecimal floating point format specifiers ``a`` and ``A``:
.. code:: c++
print("{:a}", -42.0); // Prints -0x1.5p+5
print("{:A}", -42.0); // Prints -0X1.5P+5
* CMake option ``FMT_SHARED`` that specifies whether to build format as a
shared library (off by default).
0.9.0 - 2014-05-13
------------------
* More efficient implementation of variadic formatting functions.
* ``Writer::Format`` now has a variadic overload:
.. code:: c++
Writer out;
out.Format("Look, I'm {}!", "variadic");
* For efficiency and consistency with other overloads, variadic overload of
the ``Format`` function now returns ``Writer`` instead of ``std::string``.
Use the ``str`` function to convert it to ``std::string``:
.. code:: c++
std::string s = str(Format("Look, I'm {}!", "variadic"));
* Replaced formatter actions with output sinks: ``NoAction`` -> ``NullSink``,
``Write`` -> ``FileSink``, ``ColorWriter`` -> ``ANSITerminalSink``.
This improves naming consistency and shouldn't affect client code unless
these classes are used directly which should be rarely needed.
* Added ``ThrowSystemError`` function that formats a message and throws
``SystemError`` containing the formatted message and system-specific error
description. For example, the following code
.. code:: c++
FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r");
if (!f)
ThrowSystemError(errno, "Failed to open file '{}'") << filename;
will throw ``SystemError`` exception with description
"Failed to open file '<filename>': No such file or directory" if file
doesn't exist.
* Support for AppVeyor continuous integration platform.
* ``Format`` now throws ``SystemError`` in case of I/O errors.
* Improve test infrastructure. Print functions are now tested by redirecting
the output to a pipe.
0.8.0 - 2014-04-14
------------------
* Initial release

27
LICENSE
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@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich and {fmt} contributors
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
--- Optional exception to the license ---
As an exception, if, as a result of your compiling your source code, portions
of this Software are embedded into a machine-executable object form of such
source code, you may redistribute such embedded portions in such object form
without including the above copyright and permission notices.

486
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@ -1,486 +0,0 @@
<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/576385/156254208-f5b743a9-88cf-439d-b0c0-923d53e8d551.png" alt="{fmt}" width="25%"/>
[![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/workflows/linux/badge.svg)](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions?query=workflow%3Alinux)
[![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/workflows/macos/badge.svg)](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions?query=workflow%3Amacos)
[![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/workflows/windows/badge.svg)](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/actions?query=workflow%3Awindows)
[![fmt is continuously fuzzed at oss-fuzz](https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/badges/fmt.svg)](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?\%0Acolspec=ID%20Type%20Component%20Status%20Proj%20Reported%20Owner%20\%0ASummary&q=proj%3Dfmt&can=1)
[![OpenSSF Best Practices](https://www.bestpractices.dev/projects/8880/badge)](https://www.bestpractices.dev/projects/8880)
[![image](https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/fmtlib/fmt/badge)](https://securityscorecards.dev/viewer/?uri=github.com/fmtlib/fmt)
[![Ask questions at StackOverflow with the tag fmt](https://img.shields.io/badge/stackoverflow-fmt-blue.svg)](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fmt)
**{fmt}** is an open-source formatting library providing a fast and safe
alternative to C stdio and C++ iostreams.
If you like this project, please consider donating to one of the funds
that help victims of the war in Ukraine: <https://u24.gov.ua/>.
[Documentation](https://fmt.dev)
[Cheat Sheets](https://hackingcpp.com/cpp/libs/fmt.html)
Q&A: ask questions on [StackOverflow with the tag
fmt](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fmt).
Try {fmt} in [Compiler Explorer](https://godbolt.org/z/8Mx1EW73v).
# Features
- Simple [format API](https://fmt.dev/latest/api/) with positional
arguments for localization
- Implementation of [C++20
std::format](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/format) and
[C++23 std::print](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/print)
- [Format string syntax](https://fmt.dev/latest/syntax/) similar
to Python\'s
[format](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.format)
- Fast IEEE 754 floating-point formatter with correct rounding,
shortness and round-trip guarantees using the
[Dragonbox](https://github.com/jk-jeon/dragonbox) algorithm
- Portable Unicode support
- Safe [printf
implementation](https://fmt.dev/latest/api/#printf-formatting)
including the POSIX extension for positional arguments
- Extensibility: [support for user-defined
types](https://fmt.dev/latest/api/#formatting-user-defined-types)
- High performance: faster than common standard library
implementations of `(s)printf`, iostreams, `to_string` and
`to_chars`, see [Speed tests](#speed-tests) and [Converting a
hundred million integers to strings per
second](http://www.zverovich.net/2020/06/13/fast-int-to-string-revisited.html)
- Small code size both in terms of source code with the minimum
configuration consisting of just three files, `base.h`, `format.h`
and `format-inl.h`, and compiled code; see [Compile time and code
bloat](#compile-time-and-code-bloat)
- Reliability: the library has an extensive set of
[tests](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/tree/master/test) and is
[continuously fuzzed](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?colspec=ID%20Type%20Component%20Status%20Proj%20Reported%20Owner%20Summary&q=proj%3Dfmt&can=1)
- Safety: the library is fully type-safe, errors in format strings can
be reported at compile time, automatic memory management prevents
buffer overflow errors
- Ease of use: small self-contained code base, no external
dependencies, permissive MIT
[license](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/LICENSE)
- [Portability](https://fmt.dev/latest/#portability) with
consistent output across platforms and support for older compilers
- Clean warning-free codebase even on high warning levels such as
`-Wall -Wextra -pedantic`
- Locale independence by default
- Optional header-only configuration enabled with the
`FMT_HEADER_ONLY` macro
See the [documentation](https://fmt.dev) for more details.
# Examples
**Print to stdout** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/Tevcjh))
``` c++
#include <fmt/base.h>
int main() {
fmt::print("Hello, world!\n");
}
```
**Format a string** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/oK8h33))
``` c++
std::string s = fmt::format("The answer is {}.", 42);
// s == "The answer is 42."
```
**Format a string using positional arguments**
([run](https://godbolt.org/z/Yn7Txe))
``` c++
std::string s = fmt::format("I'd rather be {1} than {0}.", "right", "happy");
// s == "I'd rather be happy than right."
```
**Print dates and times** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/c31ExdY3W))
``` c++
#include <fmt/chrono.h>
int main() {
auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
fmt::print("Date and time: {}\n", now);
fmt::print("Time: {:%H:%M}\n", now);
}
```
Output:
Date and time: 2023-12-26 19:10:31.557195597
Time: 19:10
**Print a container** ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/MxM1YqjE7))
``` c++
#include <vector>
#include <fmt/ranges.h>
int main() {
std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3};
fmt::print("{}\n", v);
}
```
Output:
[1, 2, 3]
**Check a format string at compile time**
``` c++
std::string s = fmt::format("{:d}", "I am not a number");
```
This gives a compile-time error in C++20 because `d` is an invalid
format specifier for a string.
**Write a file from a single thread**
``` c++
#include <fmt/os.h>
int main() {
auto out = fmt::output_file("guide.txt");
out.print("Don't {}", "Panic");
}
```
This can be [up to 9 times faster than `fprintf`](
http://www.zverovich.net/2020/08/04/optimal-file-buffer-size.html).
**Print with colors and text styles**
``` c++
#include <fmt/color.h>
int main() {
fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::crimson) | fmt::emphasis::bold,
"Hello, {}!\n", "world");
fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::floral_white) | bg(fmt::color::slate_gray) |
fmt::emphasis::underline, "Olá, {}!\n", "Mundo");
fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::steel_blue) | fmt::emphasis::italic,
"你好{}！\n", "世界");
}
```
Output on a modern terminal with Unicode support:
![image](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/assets/%0A576385/2a93c904-d6fa-4aa6-b453-2618e1c327d7)
# Benchmarks
## Speed tests
| Library | Method | Run Time, s |
|-------------------|---------------|-------------|
| libc | printf | 0.66 |
| libc++ | std::ostream | 1.63 |
| {fmt} 12.1 | fmt::print | 0.44 |
| Boost Format 1.88 | boost::format | 3.89 |
| Folly Format | folly::format | 1.28 |
{fmt} is the fastest of the benchmarked methods, \~50% faster than
`printf`.
The above results were generated by building `tinyformat_test.cpp` on
macOS 15.6.1 with `clang++ -O3 -DNDEBUG -DSPEED_TEST -DHAVE_FORMAT`, and
taking the best of three runs. In the test, the format string
`"%0.10f:%04d:%+g:%s:%p:%c:%%\n"` or equivalent is filled 2,000,000
times with output sent to `/dev/null`; for further details refer to the
[source](https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark/blob/master/src/tinyformat-test.cc).
{fmt} is up to 20-30x faster than `std::ostringstream` and `sprintf` on
IEEE754 `float` and `double` formatting
([dtoa-benchmark](https://github.com/fmtlib/dtoa-benchmark)) and faster
than [double-conversion](https://github.com/google/double-conversion)
and [ryu](https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu):
[![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/576385/95684665-11719600-0ba8-11eb-8e5b-972ff4e49428.png)](https://fmt.dev/unknown_mac64_clang12.0.html)
## Compile time and code bloat
The script [bloat-test.py][test] from [format-benchmark][bench] tests compile
time and code bloat for nontrivial projects. It generates 100 translation units
and uses `printf()` or its alternative five times in each to simulate a
medium-sized project. The resulting executable size and compile time (Apple
clang version 15.0.0 (clang-1500.1.0.2.5), macOS Sonoma, best of three) is shown
in the following tables.
[test]: https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark/blob/master/bloat-test.py
[bench]: https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark
**Optimized build (-O3)**
| Method | Compile Time, s | Executable size, KiB | Stripped size, KiB |
|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
| printf | 1.6 | 54 | 50 |
| IOStreams | 28.4 | 98 | 84 |
| {fmt} `1122268` | 5.0 | 54 | 50 |
| tinyformat | 32.6 | 164 | 136 |
| Boost Format | 55.0 | 530 | 317 |
{fmt} is fast to compile and is comparable to `printf` in terms of per-call
binary size (within a rounding error on this system).
**Non-optimized build**
| Method | Compile Time, s | Executable size, KiB | Stripped size, KiB |
|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
| printf | 1.4 | 54 | 50 |
| IOStreams | 27.0 | 88 | 68 |
| {fmt} `1122268` | 4.7 | 87 | 84 |
| tinyformat | 28.1 | 185 | 145 |
| Boost Format | 38.9 | 678 | 381 |
`libc`, `lib(std)c++`, and `libfmt` are all linked as shared libraries
to compare formatting function overhead only. Boost Format is a
header-only library so it doesn\'t provide any linkage options.
## Running the tests
Please refer to [Building the
library](https://fmt.dev/latest/get-started/#building-from-source) for
instructions on how to build the library and run the unit tests.
Benchmarks reside in a separate repository,
[format-benchmarks](https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark), so to
run the benchmarks you first need to clone this repository and generate
Makefiles with CMake:
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark.git
$ cd format-benchmark
$ cmake .
Then you can run the speed test:
$ make speed-test
or the bloat test:
$ make bloat-test
# Migrating code
[clang-tidy](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/) v18 provides the
[modernize-use-std-print](https://clang.llvm.org/extra/clang-tidy/checks/modernize/use-std-print.html)
check that is capable of converting occurrences of `printf` and
`fprintf` to `fmt::print` if configured to do so. (By default it
converts to `std::print`.)
# Notable projects using this library
- [0 A.D.](https://play0ad.com/): a free, open-source, cross-platform
real-time strategy game
- [AMPL/MP](https://github.com/ampl/mp): an open-source library for
mathematical programming
- [Apple's FoundationDB](https://github.com/apple/foundationdb): an open-source,
distributed, transactional key-value store
- [Aseprite](https://github.com/aseprite/aseprite): animated sprite
editor & pixel art tool
- [AvioBook](https://www.aviobook.aero/en): a comprehensive aircraft
operations suite
- [Blizzard Battle.net](https://battle.net/): an online gaming
platform
- [Celestia](https://celestia.space/): real-time 3D visualization of
space
- [Ceph](https://ceph.com/): a scalable distributed storage system
- [ccache](https://ccache.dev/): a compiler cache
- [ClickHouse](https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse): an
analytical database management system
- [ContextVision](https://www.contextvision.com/): medical imaging software
- [Contour](https://github.com/contour-terminal/contour/): a modern
terminal emulator
- [CUAUV](https://cuauv.org/): Cornell University\'s autonomous
underwater vehicle
- [Drake](https://drake.mit.edu/): a planning, control, and analysis
toolbox for nonlinear dynamical systems (MIT)
- [Envoy](https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy): C++ L7 proxy and
communication bus (Lyft)
- [FiveM](https://fivem.net/): a modification framework for GTA V
- [fmtlog](https://github.com/MengRao/fmtlog): a performant
fmtlib-style logging library with latency in nanoseconds
- [Folly](https://github.com/facebook/folly): Facebook open-source
library
- [GemRB](https://gemrb.org/): a portable open-source implementation
of Bioware's Infinity Engine
- [Grand Mountain
Adventure](https://store.steampowered.com/app/1247360/Grand_Mountain_Adventure/):
a beautiful open-world ski & snowboarding game
- [HarpyWar/pvpgn](https://github.com/pvpgn/pvpgn-server): Player vs
Player Gaming Network with tweaks
- [KBEngine](https://github.com/kbengine/kbengine): an open-source
MMOG server engine
- [Keypirinha](https://keypirinha.com/): a semantic launcher for
Windows
- [Kodi](https://kodi.tv/) (formerly xbmc): home theater software
- [Knuth](https://kth.cash/): high-performance Bitcoin full-node
- [libunicode](https://github.com/contour-terminal/libunicode/): a
modern C++17 Unicode library
- [MariaDB](https://mariadb.org/): relational database management
system
- [Microsoft Verona](https://github.com/microsoft/verona): research
programming language for concurrent ownership
- [MongoDB](https://mongodb.com/): distributed document database
- [MongoDB Smasher](https://github.com/duckie/mongo_smasher): a small
tool to generate randomized datasets
- [OpenSpace](https://openspaceproject.com/): an open-source
astrovisualization framework
- [PenUltima Online (POL)](https://www.polserver.com/): an MMO server,
compatible with most Ultima Online clients
- [PyTorch](https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch): an open-source
machine learning library
- [quasardb](https://www.quasardb.net/): a distributed,
high-performance, associative database
- [Quill](https://github.com/odygrd/quill): asynchronous low-latency
logging library
- [QKW](https://github.com/ravijanjam/qkw): generalizing aliasing to
simplify navigation, and execute complex multi-line terminal
command sequences
- [redis-cerberus](https://github.com/HunanTV/redis-cerberus): a Redis
cluster proxy
- [redpanda](https://vectorized.io/redpanda): a 10x faster Kafka®
replacement for mission-critical systems written in C++
- [rpclib](http://rpclib.net/): a modern C++ msgpack-RPC server and
client library
- [Salesforce Analytics
Cloud](https://www.salesforce.com/analytics-cloud/overview/):
business intelligence software
- [Scylla](https://www.scylladb.com/): a Cassandra-compatible NoSQL
data store that can handle 1 million transactions per second on a
single server
- [Seastar](http://www.seastar-project.org/): an advanced, open-source
C++ framework for high-performance server applications on modern
hardware
- [spdlog](https://github.com/gabime/spdlog): super fast C++ logging
library
- [Stellar](https://www.stellar.org/): financial platform
- [Touch Surgery](https://www.touchsurgery.com/): surgery simulator
- [TrinityCore](https://github.com/TrinityCore/TrinityCore):
open-source MMORPG framework
- [🐙 userver framework](https://userver.tech/): open-source
asynchronous framework with a rich set of abstractions and database
drivers
- [Windows Terminal](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal): the new
Windows terminal
[More\...](https://github.com/search?q=fmtlib&type=Code)
If you are aware of other projects using this library, please let me
know by [email](mailto:victor.zverovich@gmail.com) or by submitting an
[issue](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues).
# Motivation
So why yet another formatting library?
There are plenty of methods for doing this task, from standard ones like
the printf family of function and iostreams to Boost Format and
FastFormat libraries. The reason for creating a new library is that
every existing solution that I found either had serious issues or
didn\'t provide all the features I needed.
## printf
The good thing about `printf` is that it is pretty fast and readily
available being a part of the C standard library. The main drawback is
that it doesn\'t support user-defined types. `printf` also has safety
issues although they are somewhat mitigated with [\_\_attribute\_\_
((format (printf,
\...))](https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Function-Attributes.html) in
GCC. There is a POSIX extension that adds positional arguments required
for
[i18n](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization)
to `printf` but it is not a part of C99 and may not be available on some
platforms.
## iostreams
The main issue with iostreams is best illustrated with an example:
``` c++
std::cout << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << 1.23456 << "\n";
```
which is a lot of typing compared to printf:
``` c++
printf("%.2f\n", 1.23456);
```
Matthew Wilson, the author of FastFormat, called this \"chevron hell\".
iostreams don\'t support positional arguments by design.
The good part is that iostreams support user-defined types and are safe
although error handling is awkward.
## Boost Format
This is a very powerful library that supports both `printf`-like format
strings and positional arguments. Its main drawback is performance.
According to various benchmarks, it is much slower than other methods
considered here. Boost Format also has excessive build times and severe
code bloat issues (see [Benchmarks](#benchmarks)).
## FastFormat
This is an interesting library that is fast, safe and has positional
arguments. However, it has significant limitations, citing its author:
> Three features that have no hope of being accommodated within the
> current design are:
>
> - Leading zeros (or any other non-space padding)
> - Octal/hexadecimal encoding
> - Runtime width/alignment specification
It is also quite big and has a heavy dependency, on STLSoft, which might be
too restrictive for use in some projects.
## Boost Spirit.Karma
This is not a formatting library but I decided to include it here for
completeness. As iostreams, it suffers from the problem of mixing
verbatim text with arguments. The library is pretty fast, but slower on
integer formatting than `fmt::format_to` with format string compilation
on Karma\'s own benchmark, see [Converting a hundred million integers to
strings per
second](http://www.zverovich.net/2020/06/13/fast-int-to-string-revisited.html).
# License
{fmt} is distributed under the MIT
[license](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/LICENSE).
# Documentation License
The [Format String Syntax](https://fmt.dev/latest/syntax/) section
in the documentation is based on the one from Python [string module
documentation](https://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#module-string).
For this reason, the documentation is distributed under the Python
Software Foundation license available in
[doc/python-license.txt](https://raw.github.com/fmtlib/fmt/master/doc/python-license.txt).
It only applies if you distribute the documentation of {fmt}.
# Maintainers
The {fmt} library is maintained by Victor Zverovich
([vitaut](https://github.com/vitaut)) with contributions from many other
people. See
[Contributors](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/graphs/contributors) and
[Releases](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/releases) for some of the
names. Let us know if your contribution is not listed or mentioned
incorrectly and we\'ll make it right.
# Security Policy
To report a security issue, please disclose it at [security
advisory](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/security/advisories/new).
This project is maintained by a team of volunteers on a
reasonable-effort basis. As such, please give us at least *90* days to
work on a fix before public exposure.

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C++ Format
==========
.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/cppformat/cppformat.png?branch=master
:target: https://travis-ci.org/cppformat/cppformat
.. image:: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/qk0bhyhqp1ekpat8
:target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/vitaut/cppformat
.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/cppformat/badge/?version=stable
:target: http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/stable/
:alt: Documentation Status
.. image:: https://webapi.biicode.com/v1/badges/vitaut/vitaut/cppformat/master
:target: https://www.biicode.com/vitaut/cppformat
C++ Format is an open-source formatting library for C++.
It can be used as a safe alternative to printf or as a fast
alternative to IOStreams.
Features
--------
* Two APIs: faster concatenation-based write API and slower (but still
very fast) replacement-based format API with positional arguments for
localization.
* Write API similar to the one used by IOStreams but stateless allowing
faster implementation.
* Format API with `format string syntax
<http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/latest/syntax.html>`_
similar to the one used by `str.format
<http://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#str.format>`_ in Python.
* Safe `printf implementation
<http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/stable/reference.html#printf-formatting-functions>`_
including the POSIX extension for positional arguments.
* Support for user-defined types.
* High speed: performance of the format API is close to that of
glibc's `printf <http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/c/fprintf>`_
and better than performance of IOStreams. See `Speed tests`_ and
`Fast integer to string conversion in C++
<http://zverovich.net/2013/09/07/integer-to-string-conversion-in-cplusplus.html>`_.
* Small code size both in terms of source code (format consists of a single
header file and a single source file) and compiled code.
See `Compile time and code bloat`_.
* Reliability: the library has an extensive set of `unit tests
<https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/tree/master/test>`_.
* Safety: the library is fully type safe, errors in format strings are
reported using exceptions, automatic memory management prevents buffer
overflow errors.
* Ease of use: small self-contained code base, no external dependencies,
permissive BSD `license`_.
* `Portability <http://cppformat.github.io#portability>`_ with consistent output
across platforms and support for older compilers.
* Clean warning-free codebase even on high warning levels
(-Wall -Wextra -pedantic).
* Support for wide strings.
* Optional header-only configuration enabled with the ``FMT_HEADER_ONLY`` macro.
See the `documentation <http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/stable/>`_ for more details.
Examples
--------
This prints ``Hello, world!`` to stdout:
.. code:: c++
fmt::print("Hello, {}!", "world"); // uses Python-like format string syntax
fmt::printf("Hello, %s!", "world"); // uses printf format string syntax
Arguments can be accessed by position and arguments' indices can be repeated:
.. code:: c++
std::string s = fmt::format("{0}{1}{0}", "abra", "cad");
// s == "abracadabra"
C++ Format can be used as a safe portable replacement for ``itoa``:
.. code:: c++
fmt::MemoryWriter w;
w << 42; // replaces itoa(42, buffer, 10)
w << fmt::hex(42); // replaces itoa(42, buffer, 16)
// access the string using w.str() or w.c_str()
An object of any user-defined type for which there is an overloaded
:code:`std::ostream` insertion operator (``operator<<``) can be formatted:
.. code:: c++
class Date {
int year_, month_, day_;
public:
Date(int year, int month, int day) : year_(year), month_(month), day_(day) {}
friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Date &d) {
return os << d.year_ << '-' << d.month_ << '-' << d.day_;
}
};
std::string s = fmt::format("The date is {}", Date(2012, 12, 9));
// s == "The date is 2012-12-9"
You can use the `FMT_VARIADIC
<http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/latest/reference.html#utilities>`_
macro to create your own functions similar to `format
<http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/latest/reference.html#format>`_ and
`print <http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/latest/reference.html#print>`_
which take arbitrary arguments:
.. code:: c++
// Prints formatted error message.
void report_error(const char *format, fmt::ArgList args) {
fmt::print("Error: ");
fmt::print(format, args);
}
FMT_VARIADIC(void, report_error, const char *)
report_error("file not found: {}", path);
Note that you only need to define one function that takes ``fmt::ArgList``
argument. ``FMT_VARIADIC`` automatically defines necessary wrappers that
accept variable number of arguments.
Projects using this library
---------------------------
* `0 A.D. <http://play0ad.com/>`_: A free, open-source, cross-platform real-time strategy game
* `AMPL/MP <https://github.com/ampl/mp>`_:
An open-source library for mathematical programming
* `HarpyWar/pvpgn <https://github.com/HarpyWar/pvpgn>`_:
Player vs Player Gaming Network with tweaks
* `KBEngine <http://www.kbengine.org/>`_: An open-source MMOG server engine
* `Lifeline <https://github.com/peter-clark/lifeline>`_: A 2D game
* `PenUltima Online (POL) <http://www.polserver.com/>`_:
An MMO server, compatible with most Ultima Online clients
* `readpe <https://bitbucket.org/sys_dev/readpe>`_: Read Portable Executable
* `Saddy <https://code.google.com/p/saddy/>`_:
Small crossplatform 2D graphic engine
* `Salesforce Analytics Cloud <http://www.salesforce.com/analytics-cloud/overview/>`_:
Business intelligence software
* `spdlog <https://github.com/gabime/spdlog>`_: Super fast C++ logging library
`More... <https://github.com/search?q=cppformat&type=Code>`_
If you are aware of other projects using this library, please let me know
by `email <mailto:victor.zverovich@gmail.com>`_ or by submitting an
`issue <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues>`_.
Motivation
----------
So why yet another formatting library?
There are plenty of methods for doing this task, from standard ones like
the printf family of function and IOStreams to Boost Format library and
FastFormat. The reason for creating a new library is that every existing
solution that I found either had serious issues or didn't provide
all the features I needed.
Printf
~~~~~~
The good thing about printf is that it is very fast and readily available
being a part of the C standard library. The main drawback is that it
doesn't support user-defined types. Printf also has safety issues although
they are mostly solved with `_attribute__ ((format (printf, ...))
<http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Function-Attributes.html>`_ in GCC.
There is a POSIX extension that adds positional arguments required for
`i18n <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization>`_
to printf but it is not a part of C99 and may not be available on some
platforms.
IOStreams
~~~~~~~~~
The main issue with IOStreams is best illustrated with an example:
.. code:: c++
std::cout << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << 1.23456 << "\n";
which is a lot of typing compared to printf:
.. code:: c++
printf("%.2f\n", 1.23456);
Matthew Wilson, the author of FastFormat, referred to this situation with
IOStreams as "chevron hell". IOStreams doesn't support positional arguments
by design.
The good part is that IOStreams supports user-defined types and is safe
although error reporting is awkward.
Boost Format library
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This is a very powerful library which supports both printf-like format
strings and positional arguments. The main its drawback is performance.
According to various benchmarks it is much slower than other methods
considered here. Boost Format also has excessive build times and severe
code bloat issues (see `Benchmarks`_).
FastFormat
~~~~~~~~~~
This is an interesting library which is fast, safe and has positional
arguments. However it has significant limitations, citing its author:
Three features that have no hope of being accommodated within the
current design are:
* Leading zeros (or any other non-space padding)
* Octal/hexadecimal encoding
* Runtime width/alignment specification
It is also quite big and has a heavy dependency, STLSoft, which might be
too restrictive for using it in some projects.
Loki SafeFormat
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
SafeFormat is a formatting library which uses printf-like format strings
and is type safe. It doesn't support user-defined types or positional
arguments. It makes unconventional use of ``operator()`` for passing
format arguments.
Tinyformat
~~~~~~~~~~
This library supports printf-like format strings and is very small and
fast. Unfortunately it doesn't support positional arguments and wrapping
it in C++98 is somewhat difficult. Also its performance and code compactness
are limited by IOStreams.
Boost Spirit.Karma
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This is not really a formatting library but I decided to include it here
for completeness. As IOStreams it suffers from the problem of mixing
verbatim text with arguments. The library is pretty fast, but slower
on integer formatting than ``fmt::Writer`` on Karma's own benchmark,
see `Fast integer to string conversion in C++
<http://zverovich.net/2013/09/07/integer-to-string-conversion-in-cplusplus.html>`_.
What Users Say
--------------
Thanks for creating this library. It’s been a hole in C++ for a long time.
I’ve used both boost::format and loki::SPrintf, and neither felt like the
right answer. This does.
-- Kurt Haas
Benchmarks
----------
Speed tests
~~~~~~~~~~~
The following speed tests results were generated by building
``tinyformat_test.cpp`` on Ubuntu GNU/Linux 14.04.1 with
``g++-4.8.2 -O3 -DSPEED_TEST -DHAVE_FORMAT``, and taking the best of three
runs. In the test, the format string ``"%0.10f:%04d:%+g:%s:%p:%c:%%\n"`` or
equivalent is filled 2000000 times with output sent to ``/dev/null``; for
further details see the `source
<https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark/blob/master/tinyformat_test.cpp>`_.
================= ============= ===========
Library Method Run Time, s
================= ============= ===========
EGLIBC 2.19 printf 1.30
libstdc++ 4.8.2 std::ostream 1.85
C++ Format 1.0 fmt::print 1.42
tinyformat 2.0.1 tfm::printf 2.25
Boost Format 1.54 boost::format 9.94
================= ============= ===========
As you can see boost::format is much slower than the alternative methods; this
is confirmed by `other tests <http://accu.org/index.php/journals/1539>`_.
Tinyformat is quite good coming close to IOStreams. Unfortunately tinyformat
cannot be faster than the IOStreams because it uses them internally.
Performance of cppformat is close to that of printf, being `faster than printf on integer
formatting <http://zverovich.net/2013/09/07/integer-to-string-conversion-in-cplusplus.html>`_,
but slower on floating-point formatting which dominates this benchmark.
Compile time and code bloat
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The script `bloat-test.py
<https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark/blob/master/bloat-test.py>`_
from `format-benchmark <https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark>`_
tests compile time and code bloat for nontrivial projects.
It generates 100 translation units and uses ``printf()`` or its alternative
five times in each to simulate a medium sized project. The resulting
executable size and compile time (g++-4.8.1, Ubuntu GNU/Linux 13.10,
best of three) is shown in the following tables.
**Optimized build (-O3)**
============ =============== ==================== ==================
Method Compile Time, s Executable size, KiB Stripped size, KiB
============ =============== ==================== ==================
printf 2.6 41 30
IOStreams 19.4 92 70
C++ Format 46.8 46 34
tinyformat 64.6 418 386
Boost Format 222.8 990 923
============ =============== ==================== ==================
As you can see, C++ Format has 80% less overhead in terms of resulting
code size compared to IOStreams and comes pretty close to ``printf``.
Boost Format has by far the largest overheads.
**Non-optimized build**
============ =============== ==================== ==================
Method Compile Time, s Executable size, KiB Stripped size, KiB
============ =============== ==================== ==================
printf 2.1 41 30
IOStreams 19.7 86 62
C++ Format 47.9 108 86
tinyformat 27.7 234 190
Boost Format 122.6 884 763
============ =============== ==================== ==================
``libc``, ``libstdc++`` and ``libformat`` are all linked as shared
libraries to compare formatting function overhead only. Boost Format
and tinyformat are header-only libraries so they don't provide any
linkage options.
Running the tests
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Please refer to `Building the library`__ for the instructions on how to build
the library and run the unit tests.
__ http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/latest/usage.html#building-the-library
Benchmarks reside in a separate repository,
`format-benchmarks <https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark>`_,
so to run the benchmarks you first need to clone this repository and
generate Makefiles with CMake::
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark.git
$ cd format-benchmark
$ cmake .
Then you can run the speed test::
$ make speed-test
or the bloat test::
$ make bloat-test
License
-------
Copyright (c) 2012 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
Documentation License
---------------------
The `Format String Syntax
<http://cppformat.readthedocs.org/en/latest/syntax.html>`_
section in the documentation is based on the one from Python `string module
documentation <http://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#module-string>`_
adapted for the current library. For this reason the documentation is
distributed under the Python Software Foundation license available in
`doc/LICENSE.python
<https://raw.github.com/cppformat/cppformat/master/doc/LICENSE.python>`_.
Acknowledgments
---------------
The benchmark section of this readme file and the performance tests are taken
from the excellent `tinyformat <https://github.com/c42f/tinyformat>`_ library
written by Chris Foster. Boost Format library is acknowledged transitively
since it had some influence on tinyformat.
Some ideas used in the implementation are borrowed from `Loki
<http://loki-lib.sourceforge.net/>`_ SafeFormat and `Diagnostic API
<http://clang.llvm.org/doxygen/classclang_1_1Diagnostic.html>`_ in
`Clang <http://clang.llvm.org/>`_.
Format string syntax and the documentation are based on Python's `str.format
<http://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#str.format>`_.
Thanks `Doug Turnbull <https://github.com/softwaredoug>`_ for his valuable
comments and contribution to the design of the type-safe API and
`Gregory Czajkowski <https://github.com/gcflymoto>`_ for implementing binary
formatting. Thanks `Ruslan Baratov <https://github.com/ruslo>`_ for comprehensive
`comparison of integer formatting algorithms <https://github.com/ruslo/int-dec-format-tests>`_
and useful comments regarding performance, `Boris Kaul <https://github.com/localvoid>`_ for
`C++ counting digits benchmark <https://github.com/localvoid/cxx-benchmark-count-digits>`_.

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environment:
CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE: 1
matrix:
- BUILD: msvc
CONFIG: Debug
- BUILD: msvc
CONFIG: Release
- BUILD: mingw
CONFIG: Debug
- BUILD: mingw
CONFIG: Release
build_script:
- python support/appveyor-build.py
on_failure:
- appveyor PushArtifact Testing/Temporary/LastTest.log
- appveyor AddTest test

1
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
Subproject commit 33a6cce142119f8d1565513752b4bb4ace0ed85f

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if (NOT EXISTS ${FORMAT_SOURCE_DIR}/breathe/breathe)
message(STATUS "Target 'doc' disabled (requires breathe module)")
return ()
endif ()
foreach (program doxygen sphinx-build)
find_program(${program} ${program})
if (NOT ${program})
message(STATUS "Target 'doc' disabled (requires ${program})")
return ()
endif ()
endforeach ()
add_custom_target(doc
COMMAND ${doxygen}
COMMAND ${sphinx-build} -b html . html)

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PROJECT_NAME = C++ Format
GENERATE_LATEX = NO
GENERATE_MAN = NO
GENERATE_RTF = NO
CASE_SENSE_NAMES = NO
INPUT = ../format.h
QUIET = YES
JAVADOC_AUTOBRIEF = YES
AUTOLINK_SUPPORT = NO
GENERATE_HTML = NO
GENERATE_XML = YES
XML_OUTPUT = doxyxml
ALIASES = "rst=\verbatim embed:rst"
ALIASES += "endrst=\endverbatim"
PREDEFINED = _WIN32=1 \
FMT_NO_DEPRECATED=1 \
FMT_USE_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES=1 \
FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES=1
EXCLUDE_SYMBOLS = fmt::internal::* BasicArg FormatParser StringValue \
write_str

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/* -- breathe specific styles ----------------------------------------------- */
/* So enum value descriptions are displayed inline to the item */
.breatheenumvalues li tt + p {
display: inline;
}
/* So parameter descriptions are displayed inline to the item */
.breatheparameterlist li tt + p {
display: inline;
}
.container .breathe-sectiondef {
width: inherit;
}

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.class dd, .define dd, .function dd {
margin-left: 30px;
}
.public-func dd {
margin-left: 0px;
}

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{% extends "!layout.html" %}
{% block footer %}
{{ super() }}
<!-- Google Analytics -->
<script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-20116650-4', 'cppformat.github.io');
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script>
{% endblock %}

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# API Reference
The {fmt} library API consists of the following components:
- [`fmt/base.h`](#base-api): the base API providing main formatting functions
for `char`/UTF-8 with C++20 compile-time checks and minimal dependencies
- [`fmt/format.h`](#format-api): `fmt::format` and other formatting functions
as well as locale support
- [`fmt/ranges.h`](#ranges-api): formatting of ranges and tuples
- [`fmt/chrono.h`](#chrono-api): date and time formatting
- [`fmt/std.h`](#std-api): formatters for standard library types
- [`fmt/compile.h`](#compile-api): format string compilation
- [`fmt/color.h`](#color-api): terminal colors and text styles
- [`fmt/os.h`](#os-api): system APIs
- [`fmt/ostream.h`](#ostream-api): `std::ostream` support
- [`fmt/args.h`](#args-api): dynamic argument lists
- [`fmt/printf.h`](#printf-api): safe `printf`
- [`fmt/xchar.h`](#xchar-api): optional `wchar_t` support
All functions and types provided by the library reside in namespace `fmt`
and macros have prefix `FMT_`.
## Base API
`fmt/base.h` defines the base API which provides main formatting functions
for `char`/UTF-8 with C++20 compile-time checks. It has minimal include
dependencies for better compile times. This header is only beneficial when
using {fmt} as a library (the default) and not in the header-only mode.
It also provides `formatter` specializations for the following types:
- `int`, `long long`,
- `unsigned`, `unsigned long long`
- `float`, `double`, `long double`
- `bool`
- `char`
- `const char*`, [`fmt::string_view`](#basic_string_view)
- `const void*`
The following functions use [format string syntax](syntax.md) similar to that
of [str.format](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.format)
in Python. They take *fmt* and *args* as arguments.
*fmt* is a format string that contains literal text and replacement fields
surrounded by braces `{}`. The fields are replaced with formatted arguments
in the resulting string. [`fmt::format_string`](#format_string) is a format
string which can be implicitly constructed from a string literal or a
`constexpr` string and is checked at compile time in C++20. To pass a runtime
format string wrap it in [`fmt::runtime`](#runtime).
*args* is an argument list representing objects to be formatted.
I/O errors are reported as [`std::system_error`](
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/error/system_error) exceptions unless
specified otherwise.
::: print(format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: print(FILE*, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: println(format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: println(FILE*, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: format_to(OutputIt&&, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: format_to_n(OutputIt, size_t, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: format_to_n_result
::: formatted_size(format_string<T...>, T&&...)
<a id="udt"></a>
### Formatting User-Defined Types
The {fmt} library provides formatters for many standard C++ types.
See [`fmt/ranges.h`](#ranges-api) for ranges and tuples including standard
containers such as `std::vector`, [`fmt/chrono.h`](#chrono-api) for date and
time formatting and [`fmt/std.h`](#std-api) for other standard library types.
There are two ways to make a user-defined type formattable: providing a
`format_as` function or specializing the `formatter` struct template.
Formatting of non-void pointer types is intentionally disallowed and they
cannot be made formattable via either extension API.
Use `format_as` if you want to make your type formattable as some other
type with the same format specifiers. The `format_as` function should
take an object of your type and return an object of a formattable type.
It should be defined in the same namespace as your type.
Example ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/nvME4arz8)):
#include <fmt/format.h>
namespace kevin_namespacy {
enum class film {
house_of_cards, american_beauty, se7en = 7
};
auto format_as(film f) { return fmt::underlying(f); }
}
int main() {
fmt::print("{}\n", kevin_namespacy::film::se7en); // Output: 7
}
Using specialization is more complex but gives you full control over
parsing and formatting. To use this method specialize the `formatter`
struct template for your type and implement `parse` and `format`
methods.
The recommended way of defining a formatter is by reusing an existing
one via inheritance or composition. This way you can support standard
format specifiers without implementing them yourself. For example:
```c++
// color.h:
#include <fmt/base.h>
enum class color {red, green, blue};
template <> struct fmt::formatter<color>: formatter<string_view> {
// parse is inherited from formatter<string_view>.
auto format(color c, format_context& ctx) const
-> format_context::iterator;
};
```
```c++
// color.cc:
#include "color.h"
#include <fmt/format.h>
auto fmt::formatter<color>::format(color c, format_context& ctx) const
-> format_context::iterator {
string_view name = "unknown";
switch (c) {
case color::red: name = "red"; break;
case color::green: name = "green"; break;
case color::blue: name = "blue"; break;
}
return formatter<string_view>::format(name, ctx);
}
```
Note that `formatter<string_view>::format` is defined in `fmt/format.h`
so it has to be included in the source file. Since `parse` is inherited
from `formatter<string_view>` it will recognize all string format
specifications, for example
```c++
fmt::format("{:>10}", color::blue)
```
will return `" blue"`.
<!-- The experimental `nested_formatter` provides an easy way of applying a
formatter to one or more subobjects.
For example:
#include <fmt/format.h>
struct point {
double x, y;
};
template <>
struct fmt::formatter<point> : nested_formatter<double> {
auto format(point p, format_context& ctx) const {
return write_padded(ctx, [=](auto out) {
return format_to(out, "({}, {})", this->nested(p.x),
this->nested(p.y));
});
}
};
int main() {
fmt::print("[{:>20.2f}]", point{1, 2});
}
prints:
[ (1.00, 2.00)]
Notice that fill, align and width are applied to the whole object which
is the recommended behavior while the remaining specifiers apply to
elements. -->
In general the formatter has the following form:
template <> struct fmt::formatter<T> {
// Parses format specifiers and stores them in the formatter.
//
// [ctx.begin(), ctx.end()) is a, possibly empty, character range that
// contains a part of the format string starting from the format
// specifications to be parsed, e.g. in
//
// fmt::format("{:f} continued", ...);
//
// the range will contain "f} continued". The formatter should parse
// specifiers until '}' or the end of the range. In this example the
// formatter should parse the 'f' specifier and return an iterator
// pointing to '}'.
constexpr auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx)
-> format_parse_context::iterator;
// Formats value using the parsed format specification stored in this
// formatter and writes the output to ctx.out().
auto format(const T& value, format_context& ctx) const
-> format_context::iterator;
};
It is recommended to at least support fill, align and width that apply
to the whole object and have the same semantics as in standard
formatters.
You can also write a formatter for a hierarchy of classes:
```c++
// demo.h:
#include <type_traits>
#include <fmt/format.h>
struct A {
virtual ~A() {}
virtual std::string name() const { return "A"; }
};
struct B : A {
virtual std::string name() const { return "B"; }
};
template <typename T>
struct fmt::formatter<T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_base_of_v<A, T>, char>> :
fmt::formatter<std::string> {
auto format(const A& a, format_context& ctx) const {
return formatter<std::string>::format(a.name(), ctx);
}
};
```
```c++
// demo.cc:
#include "demo.h"
#include <fmt/format.h>
int main() {
B b;
A& a = b;
fmt::print("{}", a); // Output: B
}
```
Providing both a `formatter` specialization and a `format_as` overload is
disallowed.
::: basic_format_parse_context
::: context
::: format_context
### Compile-Time Checks
Compile-time format string checks are enabled by default on compilers
that support C++20 `consteval`. On older compilers you can use the
[FMT_STRING](#legacy-checks) macro defined in `fmt/format.h` instead.
Unused arguments are allowed as in Python's `str.format` and ordinary functions.
See [Type Erasure](#type-erasure) for an example of how to enable compile-time
checks in your own functions with `fmt::format_string` while avoiding template
bloat.
::: fstring
::: format_string
::: runtime(string_view)
### Type Erasure
You can create your own formatting function with compile-time checks and
small binary footprint, for example ([run](https://godbolt.org/z/b9Pbasvzc)):
```c++
#include <fmt/format.h>
void vlog(const char* file, int line,
fmt::string_view fmt, fmt::format_args args) {
fmt::print("{}: {}: {}", file, line, fmt::vformat(fmt, args));
}
template <typename... T>
void log(const char* file, int line,
fmt::format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
vlog(file, line, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
}
#define MY_LOG(fmt, ...) log(__FILE__, __LINE__, fmt, __VA_ARGS__)
MY_LOG("invalid squishiness: {}", 42);
```
Note that `vlog` is not parameterized on argument types which improves
compile times and reduces binary code size compared to a fully
parameterized version.
::: make_format_args(T&...)
::: basic_format_args
::: format_args
::: basic_format_arg
### Named Arguments
::: arg(const Char*, const T&)
Named arguments are not supported in compile-time checks at the moment.
### Compatibility
::: basic_string_view
::: string_view
## Format API
`fmt/format.h` defines the full format API providing additional
formatting functions and locale support.
<a id="format"></a>
::: format(format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: vformat(string_view, format_args)
::: operator""_a()
### Utilities
::: ptr(T)
::: underlying(Enum)
::: to_string(const T&)
::: group_digits(T)
::: detail::buffer
::: basic_memory_buffer
### System Errors
{fmt} does not use `errno` to communicate errors to the user, but it may
call system functions which set `errno`. Users should not make any
assumptions about the value of `errno` being preserved by library
functions.
::: system_error
::: format_system_error
### Custom Allocators
The {fmt} library supports custom dynamic memory allocators. A custom
allocator class can be specified as a template argument to
[`fmt::basic_memory_buffer`](#basic_memory_buffer):
using custom_memory_buffer =
fmt::basic_memory_buffer<char, fmt::inline_buffer_size, custom_allocator>;
It is also possible to write a formatting function that uses a custom
allocator:
using custom_string =
std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, custom_allocator>;
auto vformat(custom_allocator alloc, fmt::string_view fmt,
fmt::format_args args) -> custom_string {
auto buf = custom_memory_buffer(alloc);
fmt::vformat_to(std::back_inserter(buf), fmt, args);
return custom_string(buf.data(), buf.size(), alloc);
}
template <typename ...Args>
auto format(custom_allocator alloc, fmt::string_view fmt,
const Args& ... args) -> custom_string {
return vformat(alloc, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
}
The allocator will be used for the output container only. Formatting
functions normally don't do any allocations for built-in and string
types except for non-default floating-point formatting that occasionally
falls back on `sprintf`.
### Locale
All formatting is locale-independent by default. Use the `'L'` format
specifier to insert the appropriate number separator characters from the
locale:
#include <fmt/format.h>
#include <locale>
std::locale::global(std::locale("en_US.UTF-8"));
auto s = fmt::format("{:L}", 1000000); // s == "1,000,000"
`fmt/format.h` provides the following overloads of formatting functions
that take `std::locale` as a parameter. The locale type is a template
parameter to avoid the expensive `<locale>` include.
::: format(locale_ref, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: format_to(OutputIt, locale_ref, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: formatted_size(locale_ref, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
<a id="legacy-checks"></a>
### Legacy Compile-Time Checks
`FMT_STRING` enables compile-time checks on older compilers. It requires
C++14 or later and is a no-op in C++11.
::: FMT_STRING
To force the use of legacy compile-time checks, define the preprocessor
variable `FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING`. When set, functions accepting
`FMT_STRING` will fail to compile with regular strings.
<a id="ranges-api"></a>
## Range and Tuple Formatting
`fmt/ranges.h` provides formatting support for ranges and tuples:
#include <fmt/ranges.h>
fmt::print("{}", std::tuple<char, int>{'a', 42});
// Output: ('a', 42)
Using `fmt::join`, you can separate tuple elements with a custom separator:
#include <fmt/ranges.h>
auto t = std::tuple<int, char>{1, 'a'};
fmt::print("{}", fmt::join(t, ", "));
// Output: 1, a
::: join(Range&&, string_view)
::: join(It, Sentinel, string_view)
::: join(std::initializer_list<T>, string_view)
<a id="chrono-api"></a>
## Date and Time Formatting
`fmt/chrono.h` provides formatters for
- [`std::chrono::duration`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/duration)
- [`std::chrono::time_point`](
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/time_point)
- [`std::tm`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/c/tm)
The format syntax is described in [Chrono Format Specifications](syntax.md#
chrono-format-specifications).
**Example**:
#include <fmt/chrono.h>
int main() {
auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
fmt::print("The date is {:%Y-%m-%d}.\n", now);
// Output: The date is 2020-11-07.
// (with 2020-11-07 replaced by the current date)
using namespace std::literals::chrono_literals;
fmt::print("Default format: {} {}\n", 42s, 100ms);
// Output: Default format: 42s 100ms
fmt::print("strftime-like format: {:%H:%M:%S}\n", 3h + 15min + 30s);
// Output: strftime-like format: 03:15:30
}
::: gmtime(std::time_t)
<a id="std-api"></a>
## Standard Library Types Formatting
`fmt/std.h` provides formatters for:
- [`std::atomic`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/atomic/atomic)
- [`std::atomic_flag`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/atomic/atomic_flag)
- [`std::bitset`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/bitset)
- [`std::error_code`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/error/error_code)
- [`std::exception`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/error/exception)
- [`std::filesystem::path`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/filesystem/path)
- [`std::monostate`](
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/variant/monostate)
- [`std::optional`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/optional)
- [`std::source_location`](
https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/source_location)
- [`std::thread::id`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/thread/thread/id)
- [`std::variant`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/variant/variant)
::: ptr(const std::unique_ptr<T, Deleter>&)
::: ptr(const std::shared_ptr<T>&)
### Variants
A `std::variant` is only formattable if every variant alternative is
formattable, and requires the `__cpp_lib_variant` [library
feature](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/feature_test).
**Example**:
#include <fmt/std.h>
fmt::print("{}", std::variant<char, float>('x'));
// Output: variant('x')
fmt::print("{}", std::variant<std::monostate, char>());
// Output: variant(monostate)
## Bit-Fields and Packed Structs
To format a bit-field or a field of a struct with `__attribute__((packed))`
applied to it, you need to convert it to the underlying or compatible type via
a cast or a unary `+` ([godbolt](https://www.godbolt.org/z/3qKKs6T5Y)):
```c++
struct smol {
int bit : 1;
};
auto s = smol();
fmt::print("{}", +s.bit);
```
This is a known limitation of "perfect" forwarding in C++.
<a id="compile-api"></a>
## Compile-Time Support
`fmt/compile.h` provides format string compilation and compile-time
(`constexpr`) formatting enabled via the `FMT_COMPILE` macro or the `_cf`
user-defined literal defined in namespace `fmt::literals`. Format strings
marked with `FMT_COMPILE` or `_cf` are parsed, checked and converted into
efficient formatting code at compile-time. This supports arguments of built-in
and string types as well as user-defined types with `format` methods taking
the format context type as a template parameter in their `formatter`
specializations. For example ([run](https://www.godbolt.org/z/3c13erEoq)):
struct point {
double x;
double y;
};
template <> struct fmt::formatter<point> {
constexpr auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) { return ctx.begin(); }
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const point& p, FormatContext& ctx) const {
return format_to(ctx.out(), "({}, {})"_cf, p.x, p.y);
}
};
using namespace fmt::literals;
std::string s = fmt::format("{}"_cf, point(4, 2));
Format string compilation can generate more binary code compared to the
default API and is only recommended in places where formatting is a
performance bottleneck.
The same APIs support formatting at compile time e.g. in `constexpr`
and `consteval` functions. Additionally there is an experimental
`FMT_STATIC_FORMAT` that allows formatting into a string of the exact
required size at compile time. Compile-time formatting works with built-in
and user-defined formatters that have `constexpr` `format` methods.
Example:
template <> struct fmt::formatter<point> {
constexpr auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) { return ctx.begin(); }
template <typename FormatContext>
constexpr auto format(const point& p, FormatContext& ctx) const {
return format_to(ctx.out(), "({}, {})"_cf, p.x, p.y);
}
};
constexpr auto s = FMT_STATIC_FORMAT("{}", point(4, 2));
const char* cstr = s.c_str(); // Points the static string "(4, 2)".
::: operator""_cf
::: FMT_COMPILE
::: FMT_STATIC_FORMAT
<a id="color-api"></a>
## Terminal Colors and Text Styles
`fmt/color.h` provides support for terminal color and text style output.
::: print(text_style, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
::: fg(detail::color_type)
::: bg(detail::color_type)
::: styled(const T&, text_style)
<a id="os-api"></a>
## System APIs
::: ostream
::: output_file(cstring_view, T...)
::: windows_error
<a id="ostream-api"></a>
## `std::ostream` Support
`fmt/ostream.h` provides `std::ostream` support including formatting of
user-defined types that have an overloaded insertion operator
(`operator<<`). In order to make a type formattable via `std::ostream`
you should provide a `formatter` specialization inherited from
`ostream_formatter`:
#include <fmt/ostream.h>
struct date {
int year, month, day;
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const date& d) {
return os << d.year << '-' << d.month << '-' << d.day;
}
};
template <> struct fmt::formatter<date> : ostream_formatter {};
std::string s = fmt::format("The date is {}", date{2012, 12, 9});
// s == "The date is 2012-12-9"
::: streamed(const T&)
::: print(std::ostream&, format_string<T...>, T&&...)
<a id="args-api"></a>
## Dynamic Argument Lists
The header `fmt/args.h` provides `dynamic_format_arg_store`, a builder-like API
that can be used to construct format argument lists dynamically.
::: dynamic_format_arg_store
<a id="printf-api"></a>
## Safe `printf`
The header `fmt/printf.h` provides `printf`-like formatting
functionality. The following functions use [printf format string
syntax](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fprintf.html)
with the POSIX extension for positional arguments. Unlike their standard
counterparts, the `fmt` functions are type-safe and throw an exception
if an argument type doesn't match its format specification.
::: printf(string_view, const T&...)
::: fprintf(std::FILE*, string_view, const T&...)
::: sprintf(string_view, const T&...)
<a id="xchar-api"></a>
## Wide Strings
The optional header `fmt/xchar.h` provides support for `wchar_t` and
exotic character types.
::: wstring_view
::: wformat_context
::: to_wstring(const T&)
## Compatibility with C++20 `std::format`
{fmt} implements nearly all of the [C++20 formatting
library](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/format) with the
following differences:
- Names are defined in the `fmt` namespace instead of `std` to avoid
collisions with standard library implementations.
- Width calculation doesn't use grapheme clusterization. The latter has
been implemented in a separate branch but hasn't been integrated yet.
- The default floating-point representation in {fmt} uses the smallest
precision that provides round-trip guarantees similarly to other languages
like Java and Python. `std::format` is currently specified in terms of
`std::to_chars` which tries to generate the smallest number of characters
(ignoring redundant digits and sign in exponent) and may produce more
decimal digits than necessary.
## Configuration Options
{fmt} provides configuration via CMake options and preprocessor macros to
enable or disable features and to optimize for binary size. For example, you
can disable OS-specific APIs defined in `fmt/os.h` with `-DFMT_OS=OFF` when
configuring CMake.
### CMake Options
- **`FMT_OS`**: When set to `OFF`, disables OS-specific APIs (`fmt/os.h`).
- **`FMT_UNICODE`**: When set of `OFF`, disables Unicode support on
Windows/MSVC. Unicode support is always enabled on other platforms.
### Macros
- **`FMT_HEADER_ONLY`**: Enables the header-only mode when defined. It is an
alternative to using the `fmt::fmt-header-only` CMake target.
Default: not defined.
- **`FMT_USE_EXCEPTIONS`**: Disables the use of exceptions when set to `0`.
Default: `1` (`0` if compiled with `-fno-exceptions`).
- **`FMT_USE_LOCALE`**: When set to `0`, disables locale support.
Default: `1` (`0` when `FMT_OPTIMIZE_SIZE > 1`).
- **`FMT_CUSTOM_ASSERT_FAIL`**: When set to `1`, allows users to provide a
custom `fmt::assert_fail` function which is called on assertion failures and,
if exceptions are disabled, on runtime errors. Default: `0`.
- **`FMT_BUILTIN_TYPES`**: When set to `0`, disables built-in handling of
arithmetic and string types other than `int`. This reduces library size at
the cost of per-call overhead. Default: `1`.
- **`FMT_OPTIMIZE_SIZE`**: Controls binary size optimizations:
- `0` - off (default)
- `1` - disables locale support and applies some optimizations
- `2` - disables some Unicode features, named arguments and applies more
aggressive optimizations
### Binary Size Optimization
To minimize the binary footprint of {fmt} as much as possible at the cost of
some features, you can use the following configuration:
- CMake options:
- `FMT_OS=OFF`
- Macros:
- `FMT_BUILTIN_TYPES=0`
- `FMT_OPTIMIZE_SIZE=2`

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# format documentation build configuration file, created by
# sphinx-quickstart on Tue Dec 18 06:46:16 2012.
#
# This file is execfile()d with the current directory set to its containing dir.
#
# Note that not all possible configuration values are present in this
# autogenerated file.
#
# All configuration values have a default; values that are commented out
# serve to show the default.
import sys, os, re, subprocess
# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
#sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))
# -- General configuration -----------------------------------------------------
# If your documentation needs a minimal Sphinx version, state it here.
#needs_sphinx = '1.0'
sys.path.append("../breathe")
if os.environ.get('READTHEDOCS', None) == 'True':
subprocess.call('doxygen')
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be extensions
# coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
extensions = ['sphinx.ext.ifconfig', 'breathe']
breathe_projects = { "format": "doxyxml" }
breathe_default_project = "format"
breathe_domain_by_extension = {"h" : "cpp"}
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
templates_path = ['_templates']
# The suffix of source filenames.
source_suffix = '.rst'
# The encoding of source files.
#source_encoding = 'utf-8-sig'
# The master toctree document.
master_doc = 'index'
# General information about the project.
project = u'C++ Format'
copyright = u'2012-2014, Victor Zverovich'
# The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
# |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
# built documents.
#
# The short X.Y version.
# Get version from CMakeLists.txt.
version = {}
with open('../CMakeLists.txt') as f:
for line in f:
m = re.match(r'set\(CPACK_PACKAGE_VERSION_([A-Z]+) ([0-9]+)\)', line.strip())
if m:
kind, value = m.groups()
version[kind] = value
version = '{}.{}.{}'.format(version['MAJOR'], version['MINOR'], version['PATCH'])
# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
release = version
# The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
# for a list of supported languages.
#language = None
# There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
# non-false value, then it is used:
#today = ''
# Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
#today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
# List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
# directories to ignore when looking for source files.
exclude_patterns = ['sphinx-bootstrap-theme/*']
# The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all documents.
#default_role = None
# If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
#add_function_parentheses = True
# If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
# unit titles (such as .. function::).
#add_module_names = True
# If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
# output. They are ignored by default.
#show_authors = False
# The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
pygments_style = 'sphinx'
highlight_language = 'c++'
primary_domain = 'cpp'
# A list of ignored prefixes for module index sorting.
#modindex_common_prefix = []
# -- Options for HTML output ---------------------------------------------------
# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages. See the documentation for
# a list of builtin themes.
html_theme = 'bootstrap'
# Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
# further. For a list of options available for each theme, see the
# documentation.
html_theme_options = {
# HTML navbar class (Default: "navbar") to attach to <div>.
# For black navbar, do "navbar navbar-inverse"
#'navbar_class': "navbar navbar-inverse",
# Fix navigation bar to top of page?
# Values: "true" (default) or "false"
'navbar_fixed_top': "true",
# Location of link to source.
# Options are "nav" (default), "footer".
'source_link_position': "footer",
# Render the next and previous page links in navbar. (Default: true)
'navbar_sidebarrel': False
}
# Add any paths that contain custom themes here, relative to this directory.
html_theme_path = ['sphinx-bootstrap-theme']
# The name for this set of Sphinx documents. If None, it defaults to
# "<project> v<release> documentation".
#html_title = None
# A shorter title for the navigation bar. Default is the same as html_title.
#html_short_title = None
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
# of the sidebar.
#html_logo = None
# The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
# docs. This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
# pixels large.
#html_favicon = None
# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
# so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
html_static_path = ['_static']
# If not '', a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page bottom,
# using the given strftime format.
#html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
# If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
# typographically correct entities.
#html_use_smartypants = True
# Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
#html_sidebars = {}
# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
# template names.
#html_additional_pages = {}
# If false, no module index is generated.
#html_domain_indices = True
# If false, no index is generated.
#html_use_index = True
# If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
#html_split_index = False
# If true, links to the reST sources are added to the pages.
#html_show_sourcelink = True
# If true, "Created using Sphinx" is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
#html_show_sphinx = True
# If true, "(C) Copyright ..." is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
#html_show_copyright = True
# If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
# contain a <link> tag referring to it. The value of this option must be the
# base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
#html_use_opensearch = ''
# This is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
#html_file_suffix = None
# Output file base name for HTML help builder.
htmlhelp_basename = 'formatdoc'
# -- Options for LaTeX output --------------------------------------------------
latex_elements = {
# The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper').
#'papersize': 'letterpaper',
# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
#'pointsize': '10pt',
# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
#'preamble': '',
}
# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
# (source start file, target name, title, author, documentclass [howto/manual]).
latex_documents = [
('index', 'format.tex', u'C++ Format Documentation',
u'Victor Zverovich', 'manual'),
]
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
# the title page.
#latex_logo = None
# For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
# not chapters.
#latex_use_parts = False
# If true, show page references after internal links.
#latex_show_pagerefs = False
# If true, show URL addresses after external links.
#latex_show_urls = False
# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
#latex_appendices = []
# If false, no module index is generated.
#latex_domain_indices = True
# -- Options for manual page output --------------------------------------------
# One entry per manual page. List of tuples
# (source start file, name, description, authors, manual section).
man_pages = [
('index', 'format', u'format Documentation',
[u'Victor Zverovich'], 1)
]
# If true, show URL addresses after external links.
#man_show_urls = False
# -- Options for Texinfo output ------------------------------------------------
# Grouping the document tree into Texinfo files. List of tuples
# (source start file, target name, title, author,
# dir menu entry, description, category)
texinfo_documents = [
('index', 'format', u'format Documentation',
u'Victor Zverovich', 'format', 'One line description of project.',
'Miscellaneous'),
]
# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
#texinfo_appendices = []
# If false, no module index is generated.
#texinfo_domain_indices = True
# How to display URL addresses: 'footnote', 'no', or 'inline'.
#texinfo_show_urls = 'footnote'

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:root {
--md-primary-fg-color: #0050D0;
}
.md-grid {
max-width: 960px;
}
@media (min-width: 400px) {
.md-tabs {
display: block;
}
}
.docblock {
border-left: .05rem solid var(--md-primary-fg-color);
}
.docblock-desc {
margin-left: 1em;
}
code,
pre > code.decl {
white-space: pre-wrap;
}
code.decl > div {
text-indent: -2ch; /* Negative indent to counteract the indent on the first line */
padding-left: 2ch; /* Add padding to the left to create an indent */
}
.features-container {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 20px;
justify-content: center; /* Center the items horizontally */
}
.feature {
flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 20px); /* Two columns with space between */
max-width: 600px; /* Set the maximum width for the feature boxes */
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 10px;
overflow: hidden; /* Hide overflow content */
text-overflow: ellipsis; /* Handle text overflow */
white-space: normal; /* Allow text wrapping */
}
.feature h2 {
margin-top: 0px;
font-weight: bold;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.feature {
flex: 1 1 100%; /* Stack columns on smaller screens */
max-width: 100%; /* Allow full width on smaller screens */
white-space: normal; /* Allow text wrapping on smaller screens */
}
}

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document$.subscribe(() => {
hljs.highlightAll(),
{ language: 'c++' }
})

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# Get Started
Compile and run {fmt} examples online with [Compiler Explorer](
https://godbolt.org/z/P7h6cd6o3).
{fmt} is compatible with any build system. The next section describes its usage
with CMake, while the [Build Systems](#build-systems) section covers the rest.
## CMake
{fmt} provides two CMake targets: `fmt::fmt` for the compiled library and
`fmt::fmt-header-only` for the header-only library. It is recommended to use
the compiled library for improved build times.
There are three primary ways to use {fmt} with CMake:
* **FetchContent**: Starting from CMake 3.11, you can use [`FetchContent`](
https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.30/module/FetchContent.html) to automatically
download {fmt} as a dependency at configure time:
include(FetchContent)
FetchContent_Declare(
fmt
GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt
GIT_TAG e69e5f977d458f2650bb346dadf2ad30c5320281) # 10.2.1
FetchContent_MakeAvailable(fmt)
target_link_libraries(<your-target> fmt::fmt)
* **Installed**: You can find and use an [installed](#installation) version of
{fmt} in your `CMakeLists.txt` file as follows:
find_package(fmt)
target_link_libraries(<your-target> fmt::fmt)
* **Embedded**: You can add the {fmt} source tree to your project and include it
in your `CMakeLists.txt` file:
add_subdirectory(fmt)
target_link_libraries(<your-target> fmt::fmt)
## Installation
### Debian/Ubuntu
To install {fmt} on Debian, Ubuntu, or any other Debian-based Linux
distribution, use the following command:
apt install libfmt-dev
### Homebrew
Install {fmt} on macOS using [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/):
brew install fmt
### Conda
Install {fmt} on Linux, macOS, and Windows with [Conda](
https://docs.conda.io/en/latest/), using its [conda-forge package](
https://github.com/conda-forge/fmt-feedstock):
conda install -c conda-forge fmt
### vcpkg
Download and install {fmt} using the vcpkg package manager:
git clone https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg.git
cd vcpkg
./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh
./vcpkg integrate install
./vcpkg install fmt
<!-- The fmt package in vcpkg is kept up to date by Microsoft team members and
community contributors. If the version is out of date, please [create an
issue or pull request](https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg) on the vcpkg
repository. -->
### Conan
You can download and install {fmt} using the [Conan](https://conan.io/) package manager:
conan install -r conancenter --requires="fmt/[*]" --build=missing
<!-- The {fmt} package in Conan Center is maintained by
[ConanCenterIndex](https://github.com/conan-io/conan-center-index) community.
If the version is out of date or the package does not work,
please create an issue or pull request on the Conan Center Index repository. -->
## Building from Source
CMake works by generating native makefiles or project files that can be
used in the compiler environment of your choice. The typical workflow
starts with:
mkdir build # Create a directory to hold the build output.
cd build
cmake .. # Generate native build scripts.
run in the `fmt` repository.
If you are on a Unix-like system, you should now see a Makefile in the
current directory. Now you can build the library by running `make`.
Once the library has been built you can invoke `make test` to run the tests.
You can control generation of the make `test` target with the `FMT_TEST`
CMake option. This can be useful if you include fmt as a subdirectory in
your project but don't want to add fmt's tests to your `test` target.
To build a shared library set the `BUILD_SHARED_LIBS` CMake variable to `TRUE`:
cmake -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=TRUE ..
To build a static library with position-independent code (e.g. for
linking it into another shared library such as a Python extension), set the
`CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE` CMake variable to `TRUE`:
cmake -DCMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE=TRUE ..
After building the library you can install it on a Unix-like system by
running `sudo make install`.
### Building the Docs
To build the documentation you need the following software installed on
your system:
- [Python](https://www.python.org/)
- [Doxygen](http://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/)
- [MkDocs](https://www.mkdocs.org/) with `mkdocs-material`, `mkdocstrings`,
`pymdown-extensions` and `mike`
First generate makefiles or project files using CMake as described in
the previous section. Then compile the `doc` target/project, for example:
make doc
This will generate the HTML documentation in `doc/html`.
## Build Systems
### build2
You can use [build2](https://build2.org), a dependency manager and a build
system, to use {fmt}.
Currently this package is available in these package repositories:
- <https://cppget.org/fmt/> for released and published versions.
- <https://github.com/build2-packaging/fmt> for unreleased or custom versions.
**Usage:**
- `build2` package name: `fmt`
- Library target name: `lib{fmt}`
To make your `build2` project depend on `fmt`:
- Add one of the repositories to your configurations, or in your
`repositories.manifest`, if not already there:
:
role: prerequisite
location: https://pkg.cppget.org/1/stable
- Add this package as a dependency to your `manifest` file (example
for version 10):
depends: fmt ~10.0.0
- Import the target and use it as a prerequisite to your own target
using `fmt` in the appropriate `buildfile`:
import fmt = fmt%lib{fmt}
lib{mylib} : cxx{**} ... $fmt
Then build your project as usual with `b` or `bdep update`.
### Meson
[Meson WrapDB](https://mesonbuild.com/Wrapdb-projects.html) includes an `fmt`
package.
**Usage:**
- Install the `fmt` subproject from the WrapDB by running:
meson wrap install fmt
from the root of your project.
- In your project's `meson.build` file, add an entry for the new subproject:
fmt = subproject('fmt')
fmt_dep = fmt.get_variable('fmt_dep')
- Include the new dependency object to link with fmt:
my_build_target = executable(
'name', 'src/main.cc', dependencies: [fmt_dep])
**Options:**
If desired, {fmt} can be built as a static library, or as a header-only library.
For a static build, use the following subproject definition:
fmt = subproject('fmt', default_options: 'default_library=static')
fmt_dep = fmt.get_variable('fmt_dep')
For the header-only version, use:
fmt = subproject('fmt', default_options: ['header-only=true'])
fmt_dep = fmt.get_variable('fmt_header_only_dep')
### Android NDK
{fmt} provides [Android.mk file](
https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/support/Android.mk) that can be used
to build the library with [Android NDK](
https://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/index.html).
### Other
To use the {fmt} library with any other build system, add
`include/fmt/base.h`, `include/fmt/format.h`, `include/fmt/format-inl.h`,
`src/format.cc` and optionally other headers from a [release archive](
https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/releases) or the [git repository](
https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt) to your project, add `include` to include
directories and make sure `src/format.cc` is compiled and linked with your code.

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---
hide:
- navigation
- toc
---
# A modern formatting library
<div class="features-container">
<div class="feature">
<h2>Safety</h2>
<p>
Inspired by Python's formatting facility, {fmt} provides a safe replacement
for the <code>printf</code> family of functions. Errors in format strings,
which are a common source of vulnerabilities in C, are <b>reported at
compile time</b>. For example:
<pre><code class="language-cpp"
>fmt::format("{:d}", "I am not a number");</code></pre>
will give a compile-time error because <code>d</code> is not a valid
format specifier for strings. APIs like <a href="api/#format">
<code>fmt::format</code></a> <b>prevent buffer overflow errors</b> via
automatic memory management.
</p>
<a href="api#compile-time-checks">→ Learn more</a>
</div>
<div class="feature">
<h2>Extensibility</h2>
<p>
Formatting of most <b>standard types</b>, including all containers, dates,
and times is <b>supported out-of-the-box</b>. For example:
<pre><code class="language-cpp"
>fmt::print("{}", std::vector{1, 2, 3});</code></pre>
prints the vector in a JSON-like format:
<pre><code>[1, 2, 3]</code></pre>
You can <b>make your own types formattable</b> and even make compile-time
checks work for them.
</p>
<a href="api#udt">→ Learn more</a>
</div>
<div class="feature">
<h2>Performance</h2>
<p>
{fmt} can be anywhere from <b>tens of percent to 20-30 times faster</b> than
iostreams and <code>sprintf</code>, especially for numeric formatting.
<a href="https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt?tab=readme-ov-file#benchmarks">
<img src="perf.svg">
</a>
The library <b>minimizes dynamic memory allocations</b> and can optionally
<a href="api#compile-api">compile format strings</a> to optimal code.
</p>
</div>
<div class="feature">
<h2>Unicode support</h2>
<p>
{fmt} provides <b>portable Unicode support</b> on major operating systems
with UTF-8 and <code>char</code> strings. For example:
<pre><code class="language-cpp"
>fmt::print("Слава Україні!");</code></pre>
will be printed correctly on Linux, macOS, and even Windows console,
irrespective of the codepages.
</p>
<p>
The default is <b>locale-independent</b>, but you can opt into localized
formatting and {fmt} makes it work with Unicode, addressing issues in the
standard library.
</p>
</div>
<div class="feature">
<h2>Fast compilation</h2>
<p>
The library makes extensive use of <b>type erasure</b> to achieve fast
compilation. <code>fmt/base.h</code> provides a subset of the API with
<b>minimal include dependencies</b> and enough functionality to replace
all uses of <code>*printf</code>.
</p>
<p>
Code using {fmt} is usually several times faster to compile than the
equivalent iostreams code, and while <code>printf</code> compiles faster
still, the gap is narrowing.
</p>
<a href=
"https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt?tab=readme-ov-file#compile-time-and-code-bloat">
→ Learn more</a>
</div>
<div class="feature">
<h2>Small binary footprint</h2>
<p>
Type erasure is also used to prevent template bloat, resulting in <b>compact
per-call binary code</b>. For example, a call to <code>fmt::print</code> with
a single argument is just <a href="https://godbolt.org/g/TZU4KF">a few
instructions</a>, comparable to <code>printf</code> despite adding
runtime safety, and much smaller than the equivalent iostreams code.
</p>
<p>
The library itself has small binary footprint and some components such as
floating-point formatting can be disabled to make it even smaller for
resource-constrained devices.
</p>
</div>
<div class="feature">
<h2>Portability</h2>
<p>
{fmt} has a <b>small self-contained codebase</b> with the core consisting of
just three headers and no external dependencies.
</p>
<p>
The library is highly portable and requires only a minimal <b>subset of
C++11</b> features which are available in GCC 4.9, Clang 3.6, MSVC 19.10
(2017) and later. Newer compiler and standard library features are used
if available, and enable additional functionality.
</p>
<p>
Where possible, the output of formatting functions is <b>consistent across
platforms</b>.
</p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="feature">
<h2>Open source</h2>
<p>
{fmt} is in the top hundred open-source C++ libraries on GitHub and has
<a href="https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/graphs/contributors">hundreds of
all-time contributors</a>.
</p>
<p>
The library is distributed under a permissive MIT
<a href="https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt#license">license</a> and is
<b>relied upon by many open-source projects</b>, including Blender, PyTorch,
Apple's FoundationDB, Windows Terminal, MongoDB, and others.
</p>
</div>
</div>

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##########
C++ Format
##########
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
usage
reference
syntax

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.. cpp:namespace:: fmt
.. _string-formatting-api:
*************
API Reference
*************
All functions and classes provided by the C++ Format library reside
in namespace ``fmt`` and macros have prefix ``FMT_``. For brevity the
namespace is usually omitted in examples.
Formatting functions
====================
The following functions use :ref:`format string syntax <syntax>` similar
to the one used by Python's `str.format
<http://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.format>`_ function.
They take *format_str* and *args* as arguments.
*format_str* is a format string that contains literal text and replacement
fields surrounded by braces ``{}``. The fields are replaced with formatted
arguments in the resulting string.
*args* is an argument list representing arbitrary arguments.
.. _format:
.. doxygenfunction:: format(StringRef, ArgList)
.. _print:
.. doxygenfunction:: print(StringRef, ArgList)
.. doxygenfunction:: print(std::FILE*, StringRef, ArgList)
.. doxygenfunction:: print(std::ostream&, StringRef, ArgList)
Printf formatting functions
===========================
The following functions use `printf format string syntax
<http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fprintf.html>`_ with
a POSIX extension for positional arguments.
.. doxygenfunction:: printf(StringRef, ArgList)
.. doxygenfunction:: fprintf(std::FILE*, StringRef, ArgList)
.. doxygenfunction:: sprintf(StringRef, ArgList)
Write API
=========
.. doxygenclass:: fmt::BasicWriter
:members:
.. doxygenclass:: fmt::BasicMemoryWriter
:members:
.. doxygenclass:: fmt::BasicArrayWriter
:members:
.. doxygenfunction:: bin
.. doxygenfunction:: oct
.. doxygenfunction:: hex
.. doxygenfunction:: hexu
.. doxygenfunction:: pad(int, unsigned int, Char)
Utilities
=========
.. doxygendefine:: FMT_VARIADIC
.. doxygenclass:: fmt::ArgList
:members:
.. doxygenclass:: fmt::BasicStringRef
:members:
System Errors
=============
.. doxygenclass:: fmt::SystemError
:members:
.. doxygenclass:: fmt::WindowsError
:members:
.. _formatstrings:
Custom allocators
=================
The C++ Format library supports custom dynamic memory allocators.
A custom allocator class can be specified as a template argument to
:class:`fmt::BasicMemoryWriter`::
typedef fmt::BasicMemoryWriter<char, CustomAllocator> CustomMemoryWriter;
It is also possible to write a formatting function that uses a custom
allocator::
typedef std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, CustomAllocator> CustomString;
CustomString format(CustomAllocator alloc, fmt::StringRef format_str,
fmt::ArgList args) {
CustomMemoryWriter writer(alloc);
writer.write(format_str, args);
return CustomString(writer.data(), writer.size(), alloc);
}
FMT_VARIADIC(CustomString, format, CustomAllocator, fmt::StringRef)

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# Format String Syntax
Formatting functions such as [`fmt::format`](api.md#format) and [`fmt::print`](
api.md#print) use the same format string syntax described in this section.
Format strings contain "replacement fields" surrounded by curly braces `{}`.
Anything that is not contained in braces is considered literal text, which is
copied unchanged to the output. If you need to include a brace character in
the literal text, it can be escaped by doubling: `{{` and `}}`.
The grammar for a replacement field is as follows:
<a id="replacement-field"></a>
<pre><code class="language-json"
>replacement_field ::= "{" [arg_id] [":" (<a href="#format-spec"
>format_spec</a> | <a href="#chrono-format-spec">chrono_format_spec</a>)] "}"
arg_id ::= integer | identifier
integer ::= digit+
digit ::= "0"..."9"
identifier ::= id_start id_continue*
id_start ::= "a"..."z" | "A"..."Z" | "_"
id_continue ::= id_start | digit</code>
</pre>
In less formal terms, the replacement field can start with an *arg_id* that
specifies the argument whose value is to be formatted and inserted into the
output instead of the replacement field. The *arg_id* is optionally followed
by a *format_spec*, which is preceded by a colon `':'`. These specify a
non-default format for the replacement value.
See also the [Format Specification
Mini-Language](#format-specification-mini-language) section.
If the numerical arg_ids in a format string are 0, 1, 2, ... in sequence,
they can all be omitted (not just some) and the numbers 0, 1, 2, ... will be
automatically inserted in that order.
Named arguments can be referred to by their names or indices.
Some simple format string examples:
```c++
"First, thou shalt count to {0}" // References the first argument
"Bring me a {}" // Implicitly references the first argument
"From {} to {}" // Same as "From {0} to {1}"
```
The *format_spec* field contains a specification of how the value should
be presented, including such details as field width, alignment, padding,
decimal precision and so on. Each value type can define its own
"formatting mini-language" or interpretation of the *format_spec*.
Most built-in types support a common formatting mini-language, which is
described in the next section.
A *format_spec* field can also include nested replacement fields in
certain positions within it. These nested replacement fields can contain
only an argument id; format specifications are not allowed. This allows
the formatting of a value to be dynamically specified.
See the [Format Examples](#format-examples) section for some examples.
## Format Specification Mini-Language
"Format specifications" are used within replacement fields contained within a
format string to define how individual values are presented. Each formattable
type may define how the format specification is to be interpreted.
Most built-in types implement the following options for format
specifications, although some of the formatting options are only
supported by the numeric types.
The general form of a *standard format specifier* is:
<a id="format-spec"></a>
<pre><code class="language-json"
>format_spec ::= [[fill]align][sign]["#"]["0"][width]["." precision]["L"][type]
fill ::= &lt;a character other than '{' or '}'>
align ::= "<" | ">" | "^"
sign ::= "+" | "-" | " "
width ::= <a href="#replacement-field">integer</a> | "{" [<a
href="#replacement-field">arg_id</a>] "}"
precision ::= <a href="#replacement-field">integer</a> | "{" [<a
href="#replacement-field">arg_id</a>] "}"
type ::= "a" | "A" | "b" | "B" | "c" | "d" | "e" | "E" | "f" | "F" |
"g" | "G" | "o" | "p" | "s" | "x" | "X" | "?"</code>
</pre>
The *fill* character can be any Unicode code point other than `'{'` or `'}'`.
The presence of a fill character is signaled by the character following it,
which must be one of the alignment options. If the second character of
*format_spec* is not a valid alignment option, then it is assumed that both
the fill character and the alignment option are absent.
The meaning of the various alignment options is as follows:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Option</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'<'</code></td>
<td>
Forces the field to be left-aligned within the available space (this is the
default for most objects).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'>'</code></td>
<td>
Forces the field to be right-aligned within the available space (this is
the default for numbers).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'^'</code></td>
<td>Forces the field to be centered within the available space.</td>
</tr>
</table>
Note that unless a minimum field width is defined, the field width will
always be the same size as the data to fill it, so that the alignment
option has no meaning in this case.
The *sign* option is only valid for floating point and signed integer types,
and can be one of the following:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Option</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'+'</code></td>
<td>
Indicates that a sign should be used for both nonnegative as well as
negative numbers.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'-'</code></td>
<td>
Indicates that a sign should be used only for negative numbers (this is the
default behavior).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>space</td>
<td>
Indicates that a leading space should be used on nonnegative numbers, and a
minus sign on negative numbers.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
The `'#'` option causes the "alternate form" to be used for the
conversion. The alternate form is defined differently for different
types. This option is only valid for integer and floating-point types.
For integers, when binary, octal, or hexadecimal output is used, this
option adds the prefix respective `"0b"` (`"0B"`), `"0"`, or `"0x"`
(`"0X"`) to the output value. Whether the prefix is lower-case or
upper-case is determined by the case of the type specifier, for example,
the prefix `"0x"` is used for the type `'x'` and `"0X"` is used for
`'X'`. For floating-point numbers the alternate form causes the result
of the conversion to always contain a decimal-point character, even if
no digits follow it. Normally, a decimal-point character appears in the
result of these conversions only if a digit follows it. In addition, for
`'g'` and `'G'` conversions, trailing zeros are not removed from the
result.
*width* is a decimal integer defining the minimum field width. If not
specified, then the field width will be determined by the content.
Preceding the *width* field by a zero (`'0'`) character enables
sign-aware zero-padding for numeric types. It forces the padding to be
placed after the sign or base (if any) but before the digits. This is
used for printing fields in the form "+000000120". This option is only
valid for numeric types and it has no effect on formatting of infinity
and NaN. This option is ignored when any alignment specifier is present.
The *precision* is a decimal number indicating how many digits should be
displayed after the decimal point for a floating-point value formatted
with `'f'` and `'F'`, or before and after the decimal point for a
floating-point value formatted with `'g'` or `'G'`. For non-number types
the field indicates the maximum field size - in other words, how many
characters will be used from the field content. The *precision* is not
allowed for integer, character, Boolean, and pointer values. Note that a
C string must be null-terminated even if precision is specified.
The `'L'` option uses the current locale setting to insert the appropriate
number separator characters. This option is only valid for numeric types.
Finally, the *type* determines how the data should be presented.
The available string presentation types are:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Type</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'s'</code></td>
<td>
String format. This is the default type for strings and may be omitted.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'?'</code></td>
<td>Debug format. The string is quoted and special characters escaped.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>none</td>
<td>The same as <code>'s'</code>.</td>
</tr>
</table>
The available character presentation types are:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Type</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'c'</code></td>
<td>
Character format. This is the default type for characters and may be
omitted.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'?'</code></td>
<td>Debug format. The character is quoted and special characters escaped.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>none</td>
<td>The same as <code>'c'</code>.</td>
</tr>
</table>
The available integer presentation types are:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Type</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'b'</code></td>
<td>
Binary format. Outputs the number in base 2. Using the <code>'#'</code>
option with this type adds the prefix <code>"0b"</code> to the output value.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'B'</code></td>
<td>
Binary format. Outputs the number in base 2. Using the <code>'#'</code>
option with this type adds the prefix <code>"0B"</code> to the output value.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'c'</code></td>
<td>Character format. Outputs the number as a character.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'d'</code></td>
<td>Decimal integer. Outputs the number in base 10.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'o'</code></td>
<td>Octal format. Outputs the number in base 8.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'x'</code></td>
<td>
Hex format. Outputs the number in base 16, using lower-case letters for the
digits above 9. Using the <code>'#'</code> option with this type adds the
prefix <code>"0x"</code> to the output value.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'X'</code></td>
<td>
Hex format. Outputs the number in base 16, using upper-case letters for the
digits above 9. Using the <code>'#'</code> option with this type adds the
prefix <code>"0X"</code> to the output value.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>none</td>
<td>The same as <code>'d'</code>.</td>
</tr>
</table>
Integer presentation types can also be used with character and Boolean values
with the only exception that `'c'` cannot be used with `bool`. Boolean values
are formatted using textual representation, either `true` or `false`, if the
presentation type is not specified.
The available presentation types for floating-point values are:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Type</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'a'</code></td>
<td>
Hexadecimal floating point format. Prints the number in base 16 with
prefix <code>"0x"</code> and lower-case letters for digits above 9.
Uses <code>'p'</code> to indicate the exponent.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'A'</code></td>
<td>
Same as <code>'a'</code> except it uses upper-case letters for the
prefix, digits above 9 and to indicate the exponent.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'e'</code></td>
<td>
Exponent notation. Prints the number in scientific notation using
the letter 'e' to indicate the exponent.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'E'</code></td>
<td>
Exponent notation. Same as <code>'e'</code> except it uses an
upper-case <code>'E'</code> as the separator character.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'f'</code></td>
<td>Fixed point. Displays the number as a fixed-point number.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'F'</code></td>
<td>
Fixed point. Same as <code>'f'</code>, but converts <code>nan</code>
to <code>NAN</code> and <code>inf</code> to <code>INF</code>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'g'</code></td>
<td>
<p>General format. For a given precision <code>p &gt;= 1</code>,
this rounds the number to <code>p</code> significant digits and then
formats the result in either fixed-point format or in scientific
notation, depending on its magnitude.</p>
<p>A precision of <code>0</code> is treated as equivalent to a precision
of <code>1</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'G'</code></td>
<td>
General format. Same as <code>'g'</code> except switches to
<code>'E'</code> if the number gets too large. The representations of
infinity and NaN are uppercased, too.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>none</td>
<td>
Similar to <code>'g'</code>, except that the default precision is as
high as needed to represent the particular value.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
The available presentation types for pointers are:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Type</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'p'</code></td>
<td>
Pointer format. This is the default type for pointers and may be omitted.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>none</td>
<td>The same as <code>'p'</code>.</td>
</tr>
</table>
## Chrono Format Specifications
Format specifications for chrono duration and time point types as well as
`std::tm` have the following syntax:
<a id="chrono-format-spec"></a>
<pre><code class="language-json"
>chrono_format_spec ::= [[<a href="#format-spec">fill</a>]<a href="#format-spec"
>align</a>][<a href="#format-spec">width</a>]["." <a href="#format-spec"
>precision</a>][chrono_specs]
chrono_specs ::= conversion_spec |
chrono_specs (conversion_spec | literal_char)
conversion_spec ::= "%" [padding_modifier] [locale_modifier] chrono_type
literal_char ::= &lt;a character other than '{', '}' or '%'>
padding_modifier ::= "-" | "_" | "0"
locale_modifier ::= "E" | "O"
chrono_type ::= "a" | "A" | "b" | "B" | "c" | "C" | "d" | "D" | "e" |
"F" | "g" | "G" | "h" | "H" | "I" | "j" | "m" | "M" |
"n" | "p" | "q" | "Q" | "r" | "R" | "S" | "t" | "T" |
"u" | "U" | "V" | "w" | "W" | "x" | "X" | "y" | "Y" |
"z" | "Z" | "%"</code>
</pre>
Literal chars are copied unchanged to the output. Precision is valid only
for `std::chrono::duration` types with a floating-point representation type.
The available presentation types (*chrono_type*) are:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Type</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'a'</code></td>
<td>
The abbreviated weekday name, e.g. "Sat". If the value does not contain a
valid weekday, an exception of type <code>format_error</code> is thrown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'A'</code></td>
<td>
The full weekday name, e.g. "Saturday". If the value does not contain a
valid weekday, an exception of type <code>format_error</code> is thrown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'b'</code></td>
<td>
The abbreviated month name, e.g. "Nov". If the value does not contain a
valid month, an exception of type <code>format_error</code> is thrown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'B'</code></td>
<td>
The full month name, e.g. "November". If the value does not contain a valid
month, an exception of type <code>format_error</code> is thrown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'c'</code></td>
<td>
The date and time representation, e.g. "Sat Nov 12 22:04:00 1955". The
modified command <code>%Ec</code> produces the locale's alternate date and
time representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'C'</code></td>
<td>
The year divided by 100 using floored division, e.g. "19". If the result
is a single decimal digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command
<code>%EC</code> produces the locale's alternative representation of the
century.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'d'</code></td>
<td>
The day of month as a decimal number. If the result is a single decimal
digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command <code>%Od</code>
produces the locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'D'</code></td>
<td>Equivalent to <code>%m/%d/%y</code>, e.g. "11/12/55".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'e'</code></td>
<td>
The day of month as a decimal number. If the result is a single decimal
digit, it is prefixed with a space. The modified command <code>%Oe</code>
produces the locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'F'</code></td>
<td>Equivalent to <code>%Y-%m-%d</code>, e.g. "1955-11-12".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'g'</code></td>
<td>
The last two decimal digits of the ISO week-based year. If the result is a
single digit it is prefixed by 0.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'G'</code></td>
<td>
The ISO week-based year as a decimal number. If the result is less than
four digits it is left-padded with 0 to four digits.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'h'</code></td>
<td>Equivalent to <code>%b</code>, e.g. "Nov".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'H'</code></td>
<td>
The hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number. If the result is a single
digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command <code>%OH</code>
produces the locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'I'</code></td>
<td>
The hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number. If the result is a single
digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command <code>%OI</code>
produces the locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'j'</code></td>
<td>
If the type being formatted is a specialization of duration, the decimal
number of days without padding. Otherwise, the day of the year as a decimal
number. Jan 1 is 001. If the result is less than three digits, it is
left-padded with 0 to three digits.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'m'</code></td>
<td>
The month as a decimal number. Jan is 01. If the result is a single digit,
it is prefixed with 0. The modified command <code>%Om</code> produces the
locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'M'</code></td>
<td>
The minute as a decimal number. If the result is a single digit, it
is prefixed with 0. The modified command <code>%OM</code> produces the
locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'n'</code></td>
<td>A new-line character.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'p'</code></td>
<td>The AM/PM designations associated with a 12-hour clock.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'q'</code></td>
<td>The duration's unit suffix.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'Q'</code></td>
<td>
The duration's numeric value (as if extracted via <code>.count()</code>).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'r'</code></td>
<td>The 12-hour clock time, e.g. "10:04:00 PM".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'R'</code></td>
<td>Equivalent to <code>%H:%M</code>, e.g. "22:04".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'S'</code></td>
<td>
Seconds as a decimal number. If the number of seconds is less than 10, the
result is prefixed with 0. If the precision of the input cannot be exactly
represented with seconds, then the format is a decimal floating-point number
with a fixed format and a precision matching that of the precision of the
input (or to a microseconds precision if the conversion to floating-point
decimal seconds cannot be made within 18 fractional digits). The modified
command <code>%OS</code> produces the locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'t'</code></td>
<td>A horizontal-tab character.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'T'</code></td>
<td>Equivalent to <code>%H:%M:%S</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'u'</code></td>
<td>
The ISO weekday as a decimal number (1-7), where Monday is 1. The modified
command <code>%Ou</code> produces the locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'U'</code></td>
<td>
The week number of the year as a decimal number. The first Sunday of the
year is the first day of week 01. Days of the same year prior to that are
in week 00. If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0.
The modified command <code>%OU</code> produces the locale's alternative
representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'V'</code></td>
<td>
The ISO week-based week number as a decimal number. If the result is a
single digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command <code>%OV</code>
produces the locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'w'</code></td>
<td>
The weekday as a decimal number (0-6), where Sunday is 0. The modified
command <code>%Ow</code> produces the locale's alternative representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'W'</code></td>
<td>
The week number of the year as a decimal number. The first Monday of the
year is the first day of week 01. Days of the same year prior to that are
in week 00. If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0.
The modified command <code>%OW</code> produces the locale's alternative
representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'x'</code></td>
<td>
The date representation, e.g. "11/12/55". The modified command
<code>%Ex</code> produces the locale's alternate date representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'X'</code></td>
<td>
The time representation, e.g. "10:04:00". The modified command
<code>%EX</code> produces the locale's alternate time representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'y'</code></td>
<td>
The last two decimal digits of the year. If the result is a single digit
it is prefixed by 0. The modified command <code>%Oy</code> produces the
locale's alternative representation. The modified command <code>%Ey</code>
produces the locale's alternative representation of offset from
<code>%EC</code> (year only).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'Y'</code></td>
<td>
The year as a decimal number. If the result is less than four digits it is
left-padded with 0 to four digits. The modified command <code>%EY</code>
produces the locale's alternative full year representation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'z'</code></td>
<td>
The offset from UTC in the ISO 8601:2004 format. For example -0430 refers
to 4 hours 30 minutes behind UTC. If the offset is zero, +0000 is used.
The modified commands <code>%Ez</code> and <code>%Oz</code> insert a
<code>:</code> between the hours and minutes: -04:30. If the offset
information is not available, an exception of type
<code>format_error</code> is thrown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'Z'</code></td>
<td>
The time zone abbreviation. If the time zone abbreviation is not available,
an exception of type <code>format_error</code> is thrown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>'%'</code></td>
<td>A % character.</td>
</tr>
</table>
Specifiers that have a calendaric component such as `'d'` (the day of month)
are valid only for `std::tm` and time points but not durations.
The available padding modifiers (*padding_modifier*) are:
| Type | Meaning |
|-------|-----------------------------------------|
| `'_'` | Pad a numeric result with spaces. |
| `'-'` | Do not pad a numeric result string. |
| `'0'` | Pad a numeric result string with zeros. |
These modifiers are only supported for the `'H'`, `'I'`, `'M'`, `'S'`, `'U'`,
`'V'`, `'W'`, `'Y'`, `'d'`, `'j'` and `'m'` presentation types.
## Range Format Specifications
Format specifications for range types have the following syntax:
<pre><code class="language-json"
>range_format_spec ::= ["n"][range_type][":" range_underlying_spec]</code>
</pre>
The `'n'` option formats the range without the opening and closing brackets.
The available presentation types for `range_type` are:
| Type | Meaning |
|--------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| none | Default format. |
| `'s'` | String format. The range is formatted as a string. |
| `'?⁠s'` | Debug format. The range is formatted as an escaped string. |
If `range_type` is `'s'` or `'?s'`, the range element type must be a character
type. The `'n'` option and `range_underlying_spec` are mutually exclusive with
`'s'` and `'?s'`.
The `range_underlying_spec` is parsed based on the formatter of the range's
element type.
By default, a range of characters or strings is printed escaped and quoted.
But if any `range_underlying_spec` is provided (even if it is empty), then the
characters or strings are printed according to the provided specification.
Examples:
```c++
fmt::print("{}", std::vector{10, 20, 30});
// Output: [10, 20, 30]
fmt::print("{::#x}", std::vector{10, 20, 30});
// Output: [0xa, 0x14, 0x1e]
fmt::print("{}", std::vector{'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'});
// Output: ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']
fmt::print("{:n}", std::vector{'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'});
// Output: 'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'
fmt::print("{:s}", std::vector{'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'});
// Output: "hello"
fmt::print("{:?s}", std::vector{'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\n'});
// Output: "hello\n"
fmt::print("{::}", std::vector{'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'});
// Output: [h, e, l, l, o]
fmt::print("{::d}", std::vector{'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'});
// Output: [104, 101, 108, 108, 111]
fmt::print("{:n:f}", std::array{std::numbers::pi, std::numbers::e});
// Output: 3.141593, 2.718282
```
## Format Examples
This section contains examples of the format syntax and comparison with
the `printf` formatting.
In most of the cases the syntax is similar to the `printf` formatting,
with the addition of the `{}` and with `:` used instead of `%`. For
example, `"%03.2f"` can be translated to `"{:03.2f}"`.
The new format syntax also supports new and different options, shown in
the following examples.
Accessing arguments by position:
```c++
fmt::format("{0}, {1}, {2}", 'a', 'b', 'c');
// Result: "a, b, c"
fmt::format("{}, {}, {}", 'a', 'b', 'c');
// Result: "a, b, c"
fmt::format("{2}, {1}, {0}", 'a', 'b', 'c');
// Result: "c, b, a"
fmt::format("{0}{1}{0}", "abra", "cad"); // arguments' indices can be repeated
// Result: "abracadabra"
```
Aligning the text and specifying a width:
```c++
fmt::format("{:<30}", "left aligned");
// Result: "left aligned "
fmt::format("{:>30}", "right aligned");
// Result: " right aligned"
fmt::format("{:^30}", "centered");
// Result: " centered "
fmt::format("{:*^30}", "centered"); // use '*' as a fill char
// Result: "***********centered***********"
```
Dynamic width:
```c++
fmt::format("{:<{}}", "left aligned", 30);
// Result: "left aligned "
```
Dynamic precision:
```c++
fmt::format("{:.{}f}", 3.14, 1);
// Result: "3.1"
```
Replacing `%+f`, `%-f`, and `% f` and specifying a sign:
```c++
fmt::format("{:+f}; {:+f}", 3.14, -3.14); // show it always
// Result: "+3.140000; -3.140000"
fmt::format("{: f}; {: f}", 3.14, -3.14); // show a space for positive numbers
// Result: " 3.140000; -3.140000"
fmt::format("{:-f}; {:-f}", 3.14, -3.14); // show only the minus -- same as '{:f}; {:f}'
// Result: "3.140000; -3.140000"
```
Replacing `%x` and `%o` and converting the value to different bases:
```c++
fmt::format("int: {0:d}; hex: {0:x}; oct: {0:o}; bin: {0:b}", 42);
// Result: "int: 42; hex: 2a; oct: 52; bin: 101010"
// with 0x or 0 or 0b as prefix:
fmt::format("int: {0:d}; hex: {0:#x}; oct: {0:#o}; bin: {0:#b}", 42);
// Result: "int: 42; hex: 0x2a; oct: 052; bin: 0b101010"
```
Padded hex byte with prefix and always prints both hex characters:
```c++
fmt::format("{:#04x}", 0);
// Result: "0x00"
```
Box drawing using Unicode fill:
```c++
fmt::print(
"┌{0:─^{2}}┐\n"
"│{1: ^{2}}│\n"
"└{0:─^{2}}┘\n", "", "Hello, world!", 20);
```
prints:
```
┌────────────────────┐
│ Hello, world! │
└────────────────────┘
```
Using type-specific formatting:
```c++
#include <fmt/chrono.h>
auto t = tm();
t.tm_year = 2010 - 1900;
t.tm_mon = 7;
t.tm_mday = 4;
t.tm_hour = 12;
t.tm_min = 15;
t.tm_sec = 58;
fmt::print("{:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}", t);
// Prints: 2010-08-04 12:15:58
```
Using the comma as a thousands separator:
```c++
#include <fmt/format.h>
auto s = fmt::format(std::locale("en_US.UTF-8"), "{:L}", 1234567890);
// s == "1,234,567,890"
```

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.. _syntax:
********************
Format String Syntax
********************
Formatting functions such as :ref:`fmt::format() <format>` and :ref:`fmt::print() <print>`
use the same format string syntax described in this section.
Format strings contain "replacement fields" surrounded by curly braces ``{}``.
Anything that is not contained in braces is considered literal text, which is
copied unchanged to the output. If you need to include a brace character in the
literal text, it can be escaped by doubling: ``{{`` and ``}}``.
The grammar for a replacement field is as follows:
.. productionlist:: sf
replacement_field: "{" [`arg_index`] [":" `format_spec`] "}"
arg_index: `integer`
In less formal terms, the replacement field can start with an *arg_index*
that specifies the argument whose value is to be formatted and inserted into
the output instead of the replacement field.
The *arg_index* is optionally followed by a *format_spec*, which is preceded
by a colon ``':'``. These specify a non-default format for the replacement value.
See also the :ref:`formatspec` section.
If the numerical arg_indexes in a format string are 0, 1, 2, ... in sequence,
they can all be omitted (not just some) and the numbers 0, 1, 2, ... will be
automatically inserted in that order.
Some simple format string examples::
"First, thou shalt count to {0}" // References the first argument
"Bring me a {}" // Implicitly references the first argument
"From {} to {}" // Same as "From {0} to {1}"
The *format_spec* field contains a specification of how the value should be
presented, including such details as field width, alignment, padding, decimal
precision and so on. Each value type can define its own "formatting
mini-language" or interpretation of the *format_spec*.
Most built-in types support a common formatting mini-language, which is
described in the next section.
A *format_spec* field can also include nested replacement fields within it.
These nested replacement fields can contain only an argument index;
format specifications are not allowed. Formatting is performed as if the
replacement fields within the format_spec are substituted before the
*format_spec* string is interpreted. This allows the formatting of a value
to be dynamically specified.
See the :ref:`formatexamples` section for some examples.
.. _formatspec:
Format Specification Mini-Language
==================================
"Format specifications" are used within replacement fields contained within a
format string to define how individual values are presented (see
:ref:`syntax`). Each formattable type may define how the format
specification is to be interpreted.
Most built-in types implement the following options for format specifications,
although some of the formatting options are only supported by the numeric types.
The general form of a *standard format specifier* is:
.. productionlist:: sf
format_spec: [[`fill`]`align`][`sign`]["#"]["0"][`width`]["." `precision`][`type`]
fill: <a character other than '{' or '}'>
align: "<" | ">" | "=" | "^"
sign: "+" | "-" | " "
width: `integer`
precision: `integer` | "{" `arg_index` "}"
type: `int_type` | "c" | "e" | "E" | "f" | "F" | "g" | "G" | "p" | "s"
int_type: "b" | "B" | "d" | "o" | "x" | "X"
The *fill* character can be any character other than '{' or '}'. The presence
of a fill character is signaled by the character following it, which must be
one of the alignment options. If the second character of *format_spec* is not
a valid alignment option, then it is assumed that both the fill character and
the alignment option are absent.
The meaning of the various alignment options is as follows:
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Option | Meaning |
+=========+==========================================================+
| ``'<'`` | Forces the field to be left-aligned within the available |
| | space (this is the default for most objects). |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'>'`` | Forces the field to be right-aligned within the |
| | available space (this is the default for numbers). |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'='`` | Forces the padding to be placed after the sign (if any) |
| | but before the digits. This is used for printing fields |
| | in the form '+000000120'. This alignment option is only |
| | valid for numeric types. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'^'`` | Forces the field to be centered within the available |
| | space. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
Note that unless a minimum field width is defined, the field width will always
be the same size as the data to fill it, so that the alignment option has no
meaning in this case.
The *sign* option is only valid for number types, and can be one of the
following:
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Option | Meaning |
+=========+==========================================================+
| ``'+'`` | indicates that a sign should be used for both |
| | positive as well as negative numbers. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'-'`` | indicates that a sign should be used only for negative |
| | numbers (this is the default behavior). |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| space | indicates that a leading space should be used on |
| | positive numbers, and a minus sign on negative numbers. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
The ``'#'`` option causes the "alternate form" to be used for the
conversion. The alternate form is defined differently for different
types. This option is only valid for integer and floating-point types.
For integers, when binary, octal, or hexadecimal output is used, this
option adds the prefix respective ``"0b"`` (``"0B"``), ``"0"``, or
``"0x"`` (``"0X"``) to the output value. Whether the prefix is
lower-case or upper-case is determined by the case of the type
specifier, for example, the prefix ``"0x"`` is used for the type ``'x'``
and ``"0X"`` is used for ``'X'``. For floating-point numbers the
alternate form causes the result of the conversion to always contain a
decimal-point character, even if no digits follow it. Normally, a
decimal-point character appears in the result of these conversions
only if a digit follows it. In addition, for ``'g'`` and ``'G'``
conversions, trailing zeros are not removed from the result.
.. ifconfig:: False
The ``','`` option signals the use of a comma for a thousands separator.
For a locale aware separator, use the ``'n'`` integer presentation type
instead.
*width* is a decimal integer defining the minimum field width. If not
specified, then the field width will be determined by the content.
Preceding the *width* field by a zero (``'0'``) character enables
sign-aware zero-padding for numeric types. This is equivalent to a *fill*
character of ``'0'`` with an *alignment* type of ``'='``.
The *precision* is a decimal number indicating how many digits should be
displayed after the decimal point for a floating-point value formatted with
``'f'`` and ``'F'``, or before and after the decimal point for a floating-point
value formatted with ``'g'`` or ``'G'``. For non-number types the field
indicates the maximum field size - in other words, how many characters will be
used from the field content. The *precision* is not allowed for integer values
or pointers.
Finally, the *type* determines how the data should be presented.
The available string presentation types are:
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Type | Meaning |
+=========+==========================================================+
| ``'s'`` | String format. This is the default type for strings and |
| | may be omitted. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| none | The same as ``'s'``. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
The available character presentation types are:
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Type | Meaning |
+=========+==========================================================+
| ``'c'`` | Character format. This is the default type for |
| | characters and may be omitted. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| none | The same as ``'c'``. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
The available integer presentation types are:
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Type | Meaning |
+=========+==========================================================+
| ``'b'`` | Binary format. Outputs the number in base 2. Using the |
| | ``'#'`` option with this type adds the prefix ``"0b"`` |
| | to the output value. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'B'`` | Binary format. Outputs the number in base 2. Using the |
| | ``'#'`` option with this type adds the prefix ``"0B"`` |
| | to the output value. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'d'`` | Decimal integer. Outputs the number in base 10. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'o'`` | Octal format. Outputs the number in base 8. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'x'`` | Hex format. Outputs the number in base 16, using |
| | lower-case letters for the digits above 9. Using the |
| | ``'#'`` option with this type adds the prefix ``"0x"`` |
| | to the output value. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'X'`` | Hex format. Outputs the number in base 16, using |
| | upper-case letters for the digits above 9. Using the |
| | ``'#'`` option with this type adds the prefix ``"0X"`` |
| | to the output value. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| none | The same as ``'d'``. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
The available presentation types for floating-point values are:
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Type | Meaning |
+=========+==========================================================+
| ``'a'`` | Hexadecimal floating point format. Prints the number in |
| | base 16 with prefix ``"0x"`` and lower-case letters for |
| | digits above 9. Uses 'p' to indicate the exponent. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'A'`` | Same as ``'a'`` except it uses upper-case letters for |
| | the prefix, digits above 9 and to indicate the exponent. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'e'`` | Exponent notation. Prints the number in scientific |
| | notation using the letter 'e' to indicate the exponent. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'E'`` | Exponent notation. Same as ``'e'`` except it uses an |
| | upper-case 'E' as the separator character. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'f'`` | Fixed point. Displays the number as a fixed-point |
| | number. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'F'`` | Fixed point. Same as ``'f'``, but converts ``nan`` to |
| | ``NAN`` and ``inf`` to ``INF``. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'g'`` | General format. For a given precision ``p >= 1``, |
| | this rounds the number to ``p`` significant digits and |
| | then formats the result in either fixed-point format |
| | or in scientific notation, depending on its magnitude. |
| | |
| | A precision of ``0`` is treated as equivalent to a |
| | precision of ``1``. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| ``'G'`` | General format. Same as ``'g'`` except switches to |
| | ``'E'`` if the number gets too large. The |
| | representations of infinity and NaN are uppercased, too. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| none | The same as ``'g'``. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
.. ifconfig:: False
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| | The precise rules are as follows: suppose that the |
| | result formatted with presentation type ``'e'`` and |
| | precision ``p-1`` would have exponent ``exp``. Then |
| | if ``-4 <= exp < p``, the number is formatted |
| | with presentation type ``'f'`` and precision |
| | ``p-1-exp``. Otherwise, the number is formatted |
| | with presentation type ``'e'`` and precision ``p-1``. |
| | In both cases insignificant trailing zeros are removed |
| | from the significand, and the decimal point is also |
| | removed if there are no remaining digits following it. |
| | |
| | Positive and negative infinity, positive and negative |
| | zero, and nans, are formatted as ``inf``, ``-inf``, |
| | ``0``, ``-0`` and ``nan`` respectively, regardless of |
| | the precision. |
| | |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
The available presentation types for pointers are:
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Type | Meaning |
+=========+==========================================================+
| ``'p'`` | Pointer format. This is the default type for |
| | pointers and may be omitted. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| none | The same as ``'p'``. |
+---------+----------------------------------------------------------+
.. _formatexamples:
Format examples
===============
This section contains examples of the format syntax and comparison with
the printf formatting.
In most of the cases the syntax is similar to the printf formatting, with the
addition of the ``{}`` and with ``:`` used instead of ``%``.
For example, ``"%03.2f"`` can be translated to ``"{:03.2f}"``.
The new format syntax also supports new and different options, shown in the
following examples.
Accessing arguments by position::
format("{0}, {1}, {2}", 'a', 'b', 'c');
// Result: "a, b, c"
format("{}, {}, {}", 'a', 'b', 'c');
// Result: "a, b, c"
format("{2}, {1}, {0}", 'a', 'b', 'c');
// Result: "c, b, a"
format("{0}{1}{0}", "abra", "cad"); // arguments' indices can be repeated
// Result: "abracadabra"
Aligning the text and specifying a width::
format("{:<30}", "left aligned");
// Result: "left aligned "
format("{:>30}", "right aligned");
// Result: " right aligned"
format("{:^30}", "centered");
// Result: " centered "
format("{:*^30}", "centered"); // use '*' as a fill char
// Result: "***********centered***********"
Replacing ``%+f``, ``%-f``, and ``% f`` and specifying a sign::
format("{:+f}; {:+f}", 3.14, -3.14); // show it always
// Result: "+3.140000; -3.140000"
format("{: f}; {: f}", 3.14, -3.14); // show a space for positive numbers
// Result: " 3.140000; -3.140000"
format("{:-f}; {:-f}", 3.14, -3.14); // show only the minus -- same as '{:f}; {:f}'
// Result: "3.140000; -3.140000"
Replacing ``%x`` and ``%o`` and converting the value to different bases::
format("int: {0:d}; hex: {0:x}; oct: {0:o}; bin: {0:b}", 42);
// Result: "int: 42; hex: 2a; oct: 52; bin: 101010"
// with 0x or 0 or 0b as prefix:
format("int: {0:d}; hex: {0:#x}; oct: {0:#o}; bin: {0:#b}", 42);
// Result: "int: 42; hex: 0x2a; oct: 052; bin: 0b101010"
.. ifconfig:: False
Using the comma as a thousands separator::
format("{:,}", 1234567890);
'1,234,567,890'
Expressing a percentage::
>>> points = 19
>>> total = 22
Format("Correct answers: {:.2%}") << points/total)
'Correct answers: 86.36%'
Using type-specific formatting::
>>> import datetime
>>> d = datetime.datetime(2010, 7, 4, 12, 15, 58)
Format("{:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}") << d)
'2010-07-04 12:15:58'
Nesting arguments and more complex examples::
>>> for align, text in zip('<^>', ['left', 'center', 'right']):
... '{0:{fill}{align}16}") << text, fill=align, align=align)
...
'left<<<<<<<<<<<<'
'^^^^^center^^^^^'
'>>>>>>>>>>>right'
>>>
>>> octets = [192, 168, 0, 1]
Format("{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}") << *octets)
'C0A80001'
>>> int(_, 16)
3232235521
>>>
>>> width = 5
>>> for num in range(5,12):
... for base in 'dXob':
... print('{0:{width}{base}}") << num, base=base, width=width), end=' ')
... print()
...
5 5 5 101
6 6 6 110
7 7 7 111
8 8 10 1000
9 9 11 1001
10 A 12 1010
11 B 13 1011

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*****
Usage
*****
To use the C++ Format library, add :file:`format.h` and :file:`format.cc` from
a `release archive <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/releases/latest>`_
or the `Git repository <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat>`_ to your project.
Alternatively, you can :ref:`build the library with CMake <building>`.
If you are using Visual C++ with precompiled headers, you might need to add
the line ::
#include "stdafx.h"
before other includes in :file:`format.cc`.
.. _building:
Building the library
====================
The included `CMake build script`__ can be used to build the C++ Format
library on a wide range of platforms. CMake is freely available for
download from http://www.cmake.org/download/.
__ https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt
CMake works by generating native makefiles or project files that can
be used in the compiler environment of your choice. The typical
workflow starts with::
mkdir build # Create a directory to hold the build output.
cd build
cmake <path/to/cppformat> # Generate native build scripts.
where :file:`{<path/to/cppformat>}` is a path to the ``cppformat`` repository.
If you are on a \*nix system, you should now see a Makefile in the
current directory. Now you can build C++ Format by running :command:`make`.
Once the library has been built you can invoke :command:`make test` to run
the tests.
If you use Windows and have Vistual Studio installed, a :file:`FORMAT.sln`
file and several :file:`.vcproj` files will be created. You can then build them
using Visual Studio or msbuild.
On Mac OS X with Xcode installed, an :file:`.xcodeproj` file will be generated.
To build a `shared library`__ set the ``BUILD_SHARED_LIBS`` CMake variable to
``TRUE``::
cmake -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=TRUE ...
__ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_%28computing%29#Shared_libraries
Android NDK
===========
C++ Format provides `Android.mk file`__ that can be used to build the library
with `Android NDK <https://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/index.html>`_.
For an example of using C++ Format with Android NDK, see the
`android-ndk-example <https://github.com/cppformat/android-ndk-example>`_
repository.
__ https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/blob/master/Android.mk

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// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
//
// Utilities for testing Google Test itself and code that uses Google Test
// (e.g. frameworks built on top of Google Test).
// GOOGLETEST_CM0004 DO NOT DELETE
#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)
namespace testing {
// This helper class can be used to mock out Google Test failure reporting
@ -72,15 +68,14 @@ class GTEST_API_ ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter
TestPartResultArray* result);
// The d'tor restores the previous test part result reporter.
~ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter() override;
virtual ~ScopedFakeTestPartResultReporter();
// Appends the TestPartResult object to the TestPartResultArray
// received in the constructor.
//
// This method is from the TestPartResultReporterInterface
// interface.
void ReportTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result) override;
virtual void ReportTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& result);
private:
void Init();
@ -102,12 +97,13 @@ class GTEST_API_ SingleFailureChecker {
public:
// The constructor remembers the arguments.
SingleFailureChecker(const TestPartResultArray* results,
TestPartResult::Type type, const std::string& substr);
TestPartResult::Type type,
const string& substr);
~SingleFailureChecker();
private:
const TestPartResultArray* const results_;
const TestPartResult::Type type_;
const std::string substr_;
const string substr_;
GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SingleFailureChecker);
};
@ -116,8 +112,6 @@ class GTEST_API_ SingleFailureChecker {
} // namespace testing
GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_() // 4251
// A set of macros for testing Google Test assertions or code that's expected
// to generate Google Test fatal failures. It verifies that the given
// statement will cause exactly one fatal Google Test failure with 'substr'
@ -235,4 +229,4 @@ GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_() // 4251
}\
} while (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse())
#endif // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
#endif // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_

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// Formatting library for C++ - dynamic argument lists
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_ARGS_H_
#define FMT_ARGS_H_
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <functional> // std::reference_wrapper
# include <memory> // std::unique_ptr
# include <vector>
#endif
#include "format.h" // std_string_view
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace detail {
template <typename T> struct is_reference_wrapper : std::false_type {};
template <typename T>
struct is_reference_wrapper<std::reference_wrapper<T>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename T> auto unwrap(const T& v) -> const T& { return v; }
template <typename T>
auto unwrap(const std::reference_wrapper<T>& v) -> const T& {
return static_cast<const T&>(v);
}
// node is defined outside dynamic_arg_list to workaround a C2504 bug in MSVC
// 2022 (v17.10.0).
//
// Workaround for clang's -Wweak-vtables. Unlike for regular classes, for
// templates it doesn't complain about inability to deduce single translation
// unit for placing vtable. So node is made a fake template.
template <typename = void> struct node {
virtual ~node() = default;
std::unique_ptr<node<>> next;
};
class dynamic_arg_list {
template <typename T> struct typed_node : node<> {
T value;
template <typename Arg>
FMT_CONSTEXPR typed_node(const Arg& arg) : value(arg) {}
template <typename Char>
FMT_CONSTEXPR typed_node(const basic_string_view<Char>& arg)
: value(arg.data(), arg.size()) {}
};
std::unique_ptr<node<>> head_;
public:
template <typename T, typename Arg> auto push(const Arg& arg) -> const T& {
auto new_node = std::unique_ptr<typed_node<T>>(new typed_node<T>(arg));
auto& value = new_node->value;
new_node->next = std::move(head_);
head_ = std::move(new_node);
return value;
}
};
} // namespace detail
/**
* A dynamic list of formatting arguments with storage.
*
* It can be implicitly converted into `fmt::basic_format_args` for passing
* into type-erased formatting functions such as `fmt::vformat`.
*/
FMT_EXPORT template <typename Context> class dynamic_format_arg_store {
private:
using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
template <typename T> struct need_copy {
static constexpr detail::type mapped_type =
detail::mapped_type_constant<T, char_type>::value;
enum {
value = !(detail::is_reference_wrapper<T>::value ||
std::is_same<T, basic_string_view<char_type>>::value ||
std::is_same<T, detail::std_string_view<char_type>>::value ||
(mapped_type != detail::type::cstring_type &&
mapped_type != detail::type::string_type &&
mapped_type != detail::type::custom_type))
};
};
template <typename T>
using stored_t = conditional_t<
std::is_convertible<T, std::basic_string<char_type>>::value &&
!detail::is_reference_wrapper<T>::value,
std::basic_string<char_type>, T>;
// Storage of basic_format_arg must be contiguous.
std::vector<basic_format_arg<Context>> data_;
std::vector<detail::named_arg_info<char_type>> named_info_;
// Storage of arguments not fitting into basic_format_arg must grow
// without relocation because items in data_ refer to it.
detail::dynamic_arg_list dynamic_args_;
friend class basic_format_args<Context>;
auto data() const -> const basic_format_arg<Context>* {
return named_info_.empty() ? data_.data() : data_.data() + 1;
}
template <typename T> void emplace_arg(const T& arg) {
data_.emplace_back(arg);
}
template <typename T>
void emplace_arg(const detail::named_arg<char_type, T>& arg) {
if (named_info_.empty())
data_.insert(data_.begin(), basic_format_arg<Context>(nullptr, 0));
data_.emplace_back(detail::unwrap(arg.value));
auto pop_one = [](std::vector<basic_format_arg<Context>>* data) {
data->pop_back();
};
std::unique_ptr<std::vector<basic_format_arg<Context>>, decltype(pop_one)>
guard{&data_, pop_one};
named_info_.push_back({arg.name, static_cast<int>(data_.size() - 2u)});
data_[0] = {named_info_.data(), named_info_.size()};
guard.release();
}
public:
constexpr dynamic_format_arg_store() = default;
operator basic_format_args<Context>() const {
return basic_format_args<Context>(data(), static_cast<int>(data_.size()),
!named_info_.empty());
}
/**
* Adds an argument into the dynamic store for later passing to a formatting
* function.
*
* Note that custom types and string types (but not string views) are copied
* into the store dynamically allocating memory if necessary.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
* store.push_back(42);
* store.push_back("abc");
* store.push_back(1.5f);
* std::string result = fmt::vformat("{} and {} and {}", store);
*/
template <typename T> void push_back(const T& arg) {
if (detail::const_check(need_copy<T>::value))
emplace_arg(dynamic_args_.push<stored_t<T>>(arg));
else
emplace_arg(detail::unwrap(arg));
}
/**
* Adds a reference to the argument into the dynamic store for later passing
* to a formatting function.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
* char band[] = "Rolling Stones";
* store.push_back(std::cref(band));
* band[9] = 'c'; // Changing str affects the output.
* std::string result = fmt::vformat("{}", store);
* // result == "Rolling Scones"
*/
template <typename T> void push_back(std::reference_wrapper<T> arg) {
static_assert(
need_copy<T>::value,
"objects of built-in types and string views are always copied");
emplace_arg(arg.get());
}
/**
* Adds named argument into the dynamic store for later passing to a
* formatting function. `std::reference_wrapper` is supported to avoid
* copying of the argument. The name is always copied into the store.
*/
template <typename T>
void push_back(const detail::named_arg<char_type, T>& arg) {
const char_type* arg_name =
dynamic_args_.push<std::basic_string<char_type>>(arg.name).c_str();
if (detail::const_check(need_copy<T>::value)) {
emplace_arg(
fmt::arg(arg_name, dynamic_args_.push<stored_t<T>>(arg.value)));
} else {
emplace_arg(fmt::arg(arg_name, arg.value));
}
}
/// Erase all elements from the store.
void clear() {
data_.clear();
named_info_.clear();
dynamic_args_ = {};
}
/// Reserves space to store at least `new_cap` arguments including
/// `new_cap_named` named arguments.
void reserve(size_t new_cap, size_t new_cap_named) {
FMT_ASSERT(new_cap >= new_cap_named,
"set of arguments includes set of named arguments");
data_.reserve(new_cap);
named_info_.reserve(new_cap_named);
}
/// Returns the number of elements in the store.
auto size() const noexcept -> size_t { return data_.size(); }
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_ARGS_H_

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// Formatting library for C++ - color support
//
// Copyright (c) 2018 - present, Victor Zverovich and fmt contributors
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_COLOR_H_
#define FMT_COLOR_H_
#include "format.h"
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
enum class color : uint32_t {
alice_blue = 0xF0F8FF, // rgb(240,248,255)
antique_white = 0xFAEBD7, // rgb(250,235,215)
aqua = 0x00FFFF, // rgb(0,255,255)
aquamarine = 0x7FFFD4, // rgb(127,255,212)
azure = 0xF0FFFF, // rgb(240,255,255)
beige = 0xF5F5DC, // rgb(245,245,220)
bisque = 0xFFE4C4, // rgb(255,228,196)
black = 0x000000, // rgb(0,0,0)
blanched_almond = 0xFFEBCD, // rgb(255,235,205)
blue = 0x0000FF, // rgb(0,0,255)
blue_violet = 0x8A2BE2, // rgb(138,43,226)
brown = 0xA52A2A, // rgb(165,42,42)
burly_wood = 0xDEB887, // rgb(222,184,135)
cadet_blue = 0x5F9EA0, // rgb(95,158,160)
chartreuse = 0x7FFF00, // rgb(127,255,0)
chocolate = 0xD2691E, // rgb(210,105,30)
coral = 0xFF7F50, // rgb(255,127,80)
cornflower_blue = 0x6495ED, // rgb(100,149,237)
cornsilk = 0xFFF8DC, // rgb(255,248,220)
crimson = 0xDC143C, // rgb(220,20,60)
cyan = 0x00FFFF, // rgb(0,255,255)
dark_blue = 0x00008B, // rgb(0,0,139)
dark_cyan = 0x008B8B, // rgb(0,139,139)
dark_golden_rod = 0xB8860B, // rgb(184,134,11)
dark_gray = 0xA9A9A9, // rgb(169,169,169)
dark_green = 0x006400, // rgb(0,100,0)
dark_khaki = 0xBDB76B, // rgb(189,183,107)
dark_magenta = 0x8B008B, // rgb(139,0,139)
dark_olive_green = 0x556B2F, // rgb(85,107,47)
dark_orange = 0xFF8C00, // rgb(255,140,0)
dark_orchid = 0x9932CC, // rgb(153,50,204)
dark_red = 0x8B0000, // rgb(139,0,0)
dark_salmon = 0xE9967A, // rgb(233,150,122)
dark_sea_green = 0x8FBC8F, // rgb(143,188,143)
dark_slate_blue = 0x483D8B, // rgb(72,61,139)
dark_slate_gray = 0x2F4F4F, // rgb(47,79,79)
dark_turquoise = 0x00CED1, // rgb(0,206,209)
dark_violet = 0x9400D3, // rgb(148,0,211)
deep_pink = 0xFF1493, // rgb(255,20,147)
deep_sky_blue = 0x00BFFF, // rgb(0,191,255)
dim_gray = 0x696969, // rgb(105,105,105)
dodger_blue = 0x1E90FF, // rgb(30,144,255)
fire_brick = 0xB22222, // rgb(178,34,34)
floral_white = 0xFFFAF0, // rgb(255,250,240)
forest_green = 0x228B22, // rgb(34,139,34)
fuchsia = 0xFF00FF, // rgb(255,0,255)
gainsboro = 0xDCDCDC, // rgb(220,220,220)
ghost_white = 0xF8F8FF, // rgb(248,248,255)
gold = 0xFFD700, // rgb(255,215,0)
golden_rod = 0xDAA520, // rgb(218,165,32)
gray = 0x808080, // rgb(128,128,128)
green = 0x008000, // rgb(0,128,0)
green_yellow = 0xADFF2F, // rgb(173,255,47)
honey_dew = 0xF0FFF0, // rgb(240,255,240)
hot_pink = 0xFF69B4, // rgb(255,105,180)
indian_red = 0xCD5C5C, // rgb(205,92,92)
indigo = 0x4B0082, // rgb(75,0,130)
ivory = 0xFFFFF0, // rgb(255,255,240)
khaki = 0xF0E68C, // rgb(240,230,140)
lavender = 0xE6E6FA, // rgb(230,230,250)
lavender_blush = 0xFFF0F5, // rgb(255,240,245)
lawn_green = 0x7CFC00, // rgb(124,252,0)
lemon_chiffon = 0xFFFACD, // rgb(255,250,205)
light_blue = 0xADD8E6, // rgb(173,216,230)
light_coral = 0xF08080, // rgb(240,128,128)
light_cyan = 0xE0FFFF, // rgb(224,255,255)
light_golden_rod_yellow = 0xFAFAD2, // rgb(250,250,210)
light_gray = 0xD3D3D3, // rgb(211,211,211)
light_green = 0x90EE90, // rgb(144,238,144)
light_pink = 0xFFB6C1, // rgb(255,182,193)
light_salmon = 0xFFA07A, // rgb(255,160,122)
light_sea_green = 0x20B2AA, // rgb(32,178,170)
light_sky_blue = 0x87CEFA, // rgb(135,206,250)
light_slate_gray = 0x778899, // rgb(119,136,153)
light_steel_blue = 0xB0C4DE, // rgb(176,196,222)
light_yellow = 0xFFFFE0, // rgb(255,255,224)
lime = 0x00FF00, // rgb(0,255,0)
lime_green = 0x32CD32, // rgb(50,205,50)
linen = 0xFAF0E6, // rgb(250,240,230)
magenta = 0xFF00FF, // rgb(255,0,255)
maroon = 0x800000, // rgb(128,0,0)
medium_aquamarine = 0x66CDAA, // rgb(102,205,170)
medium_blue = 0x0000CD, // rgb(0,0,205)
medium_orchid = 0xBA55D3, // rgb(186,85,211)
medium_purple = 0x9370DB, // rgb(147,112,219)
medium_sea_green = 0x3CB371, // rgb(60,179,113)
medium_slate_blue = 0x7B68EE, // rgb(123,104,238)
medium_spring_green = 0x00FA9A, // rgb(0,250,154)
medium_turquoise = 0x48D1CC, // rgb(72,209,204)
medium_violet_red = 0xC71585, // rgb(199,21,133)
midnight_blue = 0x191970, // rgb(25,25,112)
mint_cream = 0xF5FFFA, // rgb(245,255,250)
misty_rose = 0xFFE4E1, // rgb(255,228,225)
moccasin = 0xFFE4B5, // rgb(255,228,181)
navajo_white = 0xFFDEAD, // rgb(255,222,173)
navy = 0x000080, // rgb(0,0,128)
old_lace = 0xFDF5E6, // rgb(253,245,230)
olive = 0x808000, // rgb(128,128,0)
olive_drab = 0x6B8E23, // rgb(107,142,35)
orange = 0xFFA500, // rgb(255,165,0)
orange_red = 0xFF4500, // rgb(255,69,0)
orchid = 0xDA70D6, // rgb(218,112,214)
pale_golden_rod = 0xEEE8AA, // rgb(238,232,170)
pale_green = 0x98FB98, // rgb(152,251,152)
pale_turquoise = 0xAFEEEE, // rgb(175,238,238)
pale_violet_red = 0xDB7093, // rgb(219,112,147)
papaya_whip = 0xFFEFD5, // rgb(255,239,213)
peach_puff = 0xFFDAB9, // rgb(255,218,185)
peru = 0xCD853F, // rgb(205,133,63)
pink = 0xFFC0CB, // rgb(255,192,203)
plum = 0xDDA0DD, // rgb(221,160,221)
powder_blue = 0xB0E0E6, // rgb(176,224,230)
purple = 0x800080, // rgb(128,0,128)
rebecca_purple = 0x663399, // rgb(102,51,153)
red = 0xFF0000, // rgb(255,0,0)
rosy_brown = 0xBC8F8F, // rgb(188,143,143)
royal_blue = 0x4169E1, // rgb(65,105,225)
saddle_brown = 0x8B4513, // rgb(139,69,19)
salmon = 0xFA8072, // rgb(250,128,114)
sandy_brown = 0xF4A460, // rgb(244,164,96)
sea_green = 0x2E8B57, // rgb(46,139,87)
sea_shell = 0xFFF5EE, // rgb(255,245,238)
sienna = 0xA0522D, // rgb(160,82,45)
silver = 0xC0C0C0, // rgb(192,192,192)
sky_blue = 0x87CEEB, // rgb(135,206,235)
slate_blue = 0x6A5ACD, // rgb(106,90,205)
slate_gray = 0x708090, // rgb(112,128,144)
snow = 0xFFFAFA, // rgb(255,250,250)
spring_green = 0x00FF7F, // rgb(0,255,127)
steel_blue = 0x4682B4, // rgb(70,130,180)
tan = 0xD2B48C, // rgb(210,180,140)
teal = 0x008080, // rgb(0,128,128)
thistle = 0xD8BFD8, // rgb(216,191,216)
tomato = 0xFF6347, // rgb(255,99,71)
turquoise = 0x40E0D0, // rgb(64,224,208)
violet = 0xEE82EE, // rgb(238,130,238)
wheat = 0xF5DEB3, // rgb(245,222,179)
white = 0xFFFFFF, // rgb(255,255,255)
white_smoke = 0xF5F5F5, // rgb(245,245,245)
yellow = 0xFFFF00, // rgb(255,255,0)
yellow_green = 0x9ACD32 // rgb(154,205,50)
}; // enum class color
enum class terminal_color : uint8_t {
black = 30,
red,
green,
yellow,
blue,
magenta,
cyan,
white,
bright_black = 90,
bright_red,
bright_green,
bright_yellow,
bright_blue,
bright_magenta,
bright_cyan,
bright_white
};
enum class emphasis : uint8_t {
bold = 1,
faint = 1 << 1,
italic = 1 << 2,
underline = 1 << 3,
blink = 1 << 4,
reverse = 1 << 5,
conceal = 1 << 6,
strikethrough = 1 << 7,
};
// rgb is a struct for red, green and blue colors.
// Using the name "rgb" makes some editors show the color in a tooltip.
struct rgb {
constexpr rgb() : r(0), g(0), b(0) {}
constexpr rgb(uint8_t r_, uint8_t g_, uint8_t b_) : r(r_), g(g_), b(b_) {}
constexpr rgb(uint32_t hex)
: r((hex >> 16) & 0xFF), g((hex >> 8) & 0xFF), b(hex & 0xFF) {}
constexpr rgb(color hex)
: r((uint32_t(hex) >> 16) & 0xFF),
g((uint32_t(hex) >> 8) & 0xFF),
b(uint32_t(hex) & 0xFF) {}
uint8_t r;
uint8_t g;
uint8_t b;
};
namespace detail {
// A bit-packed variant of an RGB color, a terminal color, or unset color.
// see text_style for the bit-packing scheme.
struct color_type {
constexpr color_type() noexcept = default;
constexpr color_type(color rgb_color) noexcept
: value_(static_cast<uint32_t>(rgb_color) | (1 << 24)) {}
constexpr color_type(rgb rgb_color) noexcept
: color_type(static_cast<color>(
(static_cast<uint32_t>(rgb_color.r) << 16) |
(static_cast<uint32_t>(rgb_color.g) << 8) | rgb_color.b)) {}
constexpr color_type(terminal_color term_color) noexcept
: value_(static_cast<uint32_t>(term_color) | (3 << 24)) {}
constexpr auto is_terminal_color() const noexcept -> bool {
return (value_ & (1 << 25)) != 0;
}
constexpr auto value() const noexcept -> uint32_t {
return value_ & 0xFFFFFF;
}
constexpr color_type(uint32_t value) noexcept : value_(value) {}
uint32_t value_ = 0;
};
} // namespace detail
/// A text style consisting of foreground and background colors and emphasis.
class text_style {
// The information is packed as follows:
// ┌──┐
// │ 0│─┐
// │..│ ├── foreground color value
// │23│─┘
// ├──┤
// │24│─┬── discriminator for the above value. 00 if unset, 01 if it's
// │25│─┘ an RGB color, or 11 if it's a terminal color (10 is unused)
// ├──┤
// │26│──── overflow bit, always zero (see below)
// ├──┤
// │27│─┐
// │..│ │
// │50│ │
// ├──┤ │
// │51│ ├── background color (same format as the foreground color)
// │52│ │
// ├──┤ │
// │53│─┘
// ├──┤
// │54│─┐
// │..│ ├── emphases
// │61│─┘
// ├──┤
// │62│─┬── unused
// │63│─┘
// └──┘
// The overflow bits are there to make operator|= efficient.
// When ORing, we must throw if, for either the foreground or background,
// one style specifies a terminal color and the other specifies any color
// (terminal or RGB); in other words, if one discriminator is 11 and the
// other is 11 or 01.
//
// We do that check by adding the styles. Consider what adding does to each
// possible pair of discriminators:
// 00 + 00 = 000
// 01 + 00 = 001
// 11 + 00 = 011
// 01 + 01 = 010
// 11 + 01 = 100 (!!)
// 11 + 11 = 110 (!!)
// In the last two cases, the ones we want to catch, the third bit——the
// overflow bit——is set. Bingo.
//
// We must take into account the possible carry bit from the bits
// before the discriminator. The only potentially problematic case is
// 11 + 00 = 011 (a carry bit would make it 100, not good!), but a carry
// bit is impossible in that case, because 00 (unset color) means the
// 24 bits that precede the discriminator are all zero.
//
// This test can be applied to both colors simultaneously.
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR text_style(emphasis em = emphasis()) noexcept
: style_(static_cast<uint64_t>(em) << 54) {}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator|=(text_style rhs) -> text_style& {
if (((style_ + rhs.style_) & ((1ULL << 26) | (1ULL << 53))) != 0)
report_error("can't OR a terminal color");
style_ |= rhs.style_;
return *this;
}
friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator|(text_style lhs, text_style rhs)
-> text_style {
return lhs |= rhs;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator==(text_style rhs) const noexcept -> bool {
return style_ == rhs.style_;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator!=(text_style rhs) const noexcept -> bool {
return !(*this == rhs);
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto has_foreground() const noexcept -> bool {
return (style_ & (1 << 24)) != 0;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto has_background() const noexcept -> bool {
return (style_ & (1ULL << 51)) != 0;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto has_emphasis() const noexcept -> bool {
return (style_ >> 54) != 0;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_foreground() const noexcept -> detail::color_type {
FMT_ASSERT(has_foreground(), "no foreground specified for this style");
return style_ & 0x3FFFFFF;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_background() const noexcept -> detail::color_type {
FMT_ASSERT(has_background(), "no background specified for this style");
return (style_ >> 27) & 0x3FFFFFF;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_emphasis() const noexcept -> emphasis {
FMT_ASSERT(has_emphasis(), "no emphasis specified for this style");
return static_cast<emphasis>(style_ >> 54);
}
private:
FMT_CONSTEXPR text_style(uint64_t style) noexcept : style_(style) {}
friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto fg(detail::color_type foreground) noexcept
-> text_style;
friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto bg(detail::color_type background) noexcept
-> text_style;
uint64_t style_ = 0;
};
/// Creates a text style from the foreground (text) color.
FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto fg(detail::color_type foreground) noexcept
-> text_style {
return foreground.value_;
}
/// Creates a text style from the background color.
FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto bg(detail::color_type background) noexcept
-> text_style {
return static_cast<uint64_t>(background.value_) << 27;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto operator|(emphasis lhs, emphasis rhs) noexcept
-> text_style {
return text_style(lhs) | rhs;
}
namespace detail {
template <typename Char> struct ansi_color_escape {
FMT_CONSTEXPR ansi_color_escape(color_type text_color,
const char* esc) noexcept {
// If we have a terminal color, we need to output another escape code
// sequence.
if (text_color.is_terminal_color()) {
bool is_background = esc == string_view("\x1b[48;2;");
uint32_t value = text_color.value();
// Background ASCII codes are the same as the foreground ones but with
// 10 more.
if (is_background) value += 10u;
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('\x1b');
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('[');
if (value >= 100u) {
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('1');
value %= 100u;
}
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('0' + value / 10u);
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('0' + value % 10u);
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('m');
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
buffer[i] = static_cast<Char>(esc[i]);
}
rgb color(text_color.value());
to_esc(color.r, buffer + 7, ';');
to_esc(color.g, buffer + 11, ';');
to_esc(color.b, buffer + 15, 'm');
size = 19;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR ansi_color_escape(emphasis em) noexcept {
uint8_t em_codes[num_emphases] = {};
if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::bold)) em_codes[0] = 1;
if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::faint)) em_codes[1] = 2;
if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::italic)) em_codes[2] = 3;
if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::underline)) em_codes[3] = 4;
if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::blink)) em_codes[4] = 5;
if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::reverse)) em_codes[5] = 7;
if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::conceal)) em_codes[6] = 8;
if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::strikethrough)) em_codes[7] = 9;
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('\x1b');
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('[');
for (size_t i = 0; i < num_emphases; ++i) {
if (!em_codes[i]) continue;
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>('0' + em_codes[i]);
buffer[size++] = static_cast<Char>(';');
}
buffer[size - 1] = static_cast<Char>('m');
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR operator const Char*() const noexcept { return buffer; }
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto begin() const noexcept -> const Char* { return buffer; }
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto end() const noexcept -> const Char* {
return buffer + size;
}
private:
static constexpr size_t num_emphases = 8;
Char buffer[7u + 4u * num_emphases] = {};
size_t size = 0;
static FMT_CONSTEXPR void to_esc(uint8_t c, Char* out,
char delimiter) noexcept {
out[0] = static_cast<Char>('0' + c / 100);
out[1] = static_cast<Char>('0' + c / 10 % 10);
out[2] = static_cast<Char>('0' + c % 10);
out[3] = static_cast<Char>(delimiter);
}
static FMT_CONSTEXPR auto has_emphasis(emphasis em, emphasis mask) noexcept
-> bool {
return static_cast<uint8_t>(em) & static_cast<uint8_t>(mask);
}
};
template <typename Char>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_foreground_color(color_type foreground) noexcept
-> ansi_color_escape<Char> {
return ansi_color_escape<Char>(foreground, "\x1b[38;2;");
}
template <typename Char>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_background_color(color_type background) noexcept
-> ansi_color_escape<Char> {
return ansi_color_escape<Char>(background, "\x1b[48;2;");
}
template <typename Char>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_emphasis(emphasis em) noexcept
-> ansi_color_escape<Char> {
return ansi_color_escape<Char>(em);
}
template <typename Char> inline void reset_color(buffer<Char>& buffer) {
auto reset_color = string_view("\x1b[0m");
buffer.append(reset_color.begin(), reset_color.end());
}
template <typename T> struct styled_arg : view {
const T& value;
text_style style;
styled_arg(const T& v, text_style s) : value(v), style(s) {}
};
template <typename Char>
void vformat_to(buffer<Char>& buf, text_style ts, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>> args) {
if (ts.has_emphasis()) {
auto emphasis = make_emphasis<Char>(ts.get_emphasis());
buf.append(emphasis.begin(), emphasis.end());
}
if (ts.has_foreground()) {
auto foreground = make_foreground_color<Char>(ts.get_foreground());
buf.append(foreground.begin(), foreground.end());
}
if (ts.has_background()) {
auto background = make_background_color<Char>(ts.get_background());
buf.append(background.begin(), background.end());
}
vformat_to(buf, fmt, args);
if (ts != text_style()) reset_color<Char>(buf);
}
} // namespace detail
inline void vprint(FILE* f, text_style ts, string_view fmt, format_args args) {
auto buf = memory_buffer();
detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, fmt, args);
print(f, FMT_STRING("{}"), string_view(buf.begin(), buf.size()));
}
/**
* Formats a string and prints it to the specified file stream using ANSI
* escape sequences to specify text formatting.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::print(fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red),
* "Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds", 1.23);
*/
template <typename... T>
void print(FILE* f, text_style ts, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
vprint(f, ts, fmt.str, vargs<T...>{{args...}});
}
/**
* Formats a string and prints it to stdout using ANSI escape sequences to
* specify text formatting.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::print(fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red),
* "Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds", 1.23);
*/
template <typename... T>
void print(text_style ts, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
return print(stdout, ts, fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
}
inline auto vformat(text_style ts, string_view fmt, format_args args)
-> std::string {
auto buf = memory_buffer();
detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, fmt, args);
return fmt::to_string(buf);
}
/**
* Formats arguments and returns the result as a string using ANSI escape
* sequences to specify text formatting.
*
* **Example**:
*
* ```
* #include <fmt/color.h>
* std::string message = fmt::format(fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red),
* "The answer is {}", 42);
* ```
*/
template <typename... T>
inline auto format(text_style ts, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
-> std::string {
return fmt::vformat(ts, fmt.str, vargs<T...>{{args...}});
}
/// Formats a string with the given text_style and writes the output to `out`.
template <typename OutputIt,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, text_style ts, string_view fmt, format_args args)
-> OutputIt {
auto&& buf = detail::get_buffer<char>(out);
detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, fmt, args);
return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
}
/**
* Formats arguments with the given text style, writes the result to the output
* iterator `out` and returns the iterator past the end of the output range.
*
* **Example**:
*
* std::vector<char> out;
* fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out),
* fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red), "{}", 42);
*/
template <typename OutputIt, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, text_style ts, format_string<T...> fmt,
T&&... args) -> OutputIt {
return vformat_to(out, ts, fmt.str, vargs<T...>{{args...}});
}
template <typename T, typename Char>
struct formatter<detail::styled_arg<T>, Char> : formatter<T, Char> {
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const detail::styled_arg<T>& arg, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
const auto& ts = arg.style;
auto out = ctx.out();
bool has_style = false;
if (ts.has_emphasis()) {
has_style = true;
auto emphasis = detail::make_emphasis<Char>(ts.get_emphasis());
out = detail::copy<Char>(emphasis.begin(), emphasis.end(), out);
}
if (ts.has_foreground()) {
has_style = true;
auto foreground =
detail::make_foreground_color<Char>(ts.get_foreground());
out = detail::copy<Char>(foreground.begin(), foreground.end(), out);
}
if (ts.has_background()) {
has_style = true;
auto background =
detail::make_background_color<Char>(ts.get_background());
out = detail::copy<Char>(background.begin(), background.end(), out);
}
out = formatter<T, Char>::format(arg.value, ctx);
if (has_style) {
auto reset_color = string_view("\x1b[0m");
out = detail::copy<Char>(reset_color.begin(), reset_color.end(), out);
}
return out;
}
};
/**
* Returns an argument that will be formatted using ANSI escape sequences,
* to be used in a formatting function.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::print("Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds",
* fmt::styled(1.23, fmt::fg(fmt::color::green) |
* fmt::bg(fmt::color::blue)));
*/
template <typename T>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto styled(const T& value, text_style ts)
-> detail::styled_arg<remove_cvref_t<T>> {
return detail::styled_arg<remove_cvref_t<T>>{value, ts};
}
FMT_END_EXPORT
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_COLOR_H_

588
include/fmt/compile.h
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@ -1,588 +0,0 @@
// Formatting library for C++ - experimental format string compilation
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich and fmt contributors
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_COMPILE_H_
#define FMT_COMPILE_H_
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <iterator> // std::back_inserter
#endif
#include "format.h"
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
// A compile-time string which is compiled into fast formatting code.
class compiled_string {};
template <typename S>
struct is_compiled_string : std::is_base_of<compiled_string, S> {};
/**
* Converts a string literal `s` into a format string that will be parsed at
* compile time and converted into efficient formatting code. Requires C++17
* `constexpr if` compiler support.
*
* **Example**:
*
* // Converts 42 into std::string using the most efficient method and no
* // runtime format string processing.
* std::string s = fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), 42);
*/
#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr) && defined(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
# define FMT_COMPILE(s) FMT_STRING_IMPL(s, fmt::compiled_string)
#else
# define FMT_COMPILE(s) FMT_STRING(s)
#endif
/**
* Converts a string literal into a format string that will be parsed at
* compile time and converted into efficient formatting code. Requires support
* for class types in constant template parameters (a C++20 feature).
*
* **Example**:
*
* // Converts 42 into std::string using the most efficient method and no
* // runtime format string processing.
* using namespace fmt::literals;
* std::string s = fmt::format("{}"_cf, 42);
*/
#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
inline namespace literals {
template <detail::fixed_string Str> constexpr auto operator""_cf() {
return FMT_COMPILE(Str.data);
}
} // namespace literals
#endif
FMT_END_EXPORT
namespace detail {
template <typename T, typename... Tail>
constexpr auto first(const T& value, const Tail&...) -> const T& {
return value;
}
#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr) && defined(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
template <typename... T> struct type_list {};
// Returns a reference to the argument at index N from [first, rest...].
template <int N, typename T, typename... Args>
constexpr auto get([[maybe_unused]] const T& first,
[[maybe_unused]] const Args&... rest) -> const auto& {
static_assert(N < 1 + sizeof...(Args), "index is out of bounds");
if constexpr (N == 0)
return first;
else
return detail::get<N - 1>(rest...);
}
# if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
template <int N, typename T, typename... Args, typename Char>
constexpr auto get_arg_index_by_name(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> int {
if constexpr (is_static_named_arg<T>()) {
if (name == T::name) return N;
}
if constexpr (sizeof...(Args) > 0)
return get_arg_index_by_name<N + 1, Args...>(name);
(void)name; // Workaround an MSVC bug about "unused" parameter.
return -1;
}
# endif
template <typename... Args, typename Char>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_arg_index_by_name(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> int {
# if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
if constexpr (sizeof...(Args) > 0)
return get_arg_index_by_name<0, Args...>(name);
# endif
(void)name;
return -1;
}
template <typename Char, typename... Args>
constexpr auto get_arg_index_by_name(basic_string_view<Char> name,
type_list<Args...>) -> int {
return get_arg_index_by_name<Args...>(name);
}
template <int N, typename> struct get_type_impl;
template <int N, typename... Args> struct get_type_impl<N, type_list<Args...>> {
using type =
remove_cvref_t<decltype(detail::get<N>(std::declval<Args>()...))>;
};
template <int N, typename T>
using get_type = typename get_type_impl<N, T>::type;
template <typename T> struct is_compiled_format : std::false_type {};
template <typename Char> struct text {
basic_string_view<Char> data;
using char_type = Char;
template <typename OutputIt, typename... T>
constexpr auto format(OutputIt out, const T&...) const -> OutputIt {
return write<Char>(out, data);
}
};
template <typename Char>
struct is_compiled_format<text<Char>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename Char>
constexpr auto make_text(basic_string_view<Char> s, size_t pos, size_t size)
-> text<Char> {
return {{&s[pos], size}};
}
template <typename Char> struct code_unit {
Char value;
using char_type = Char;
template <typename OutputIt, typename... T>
constexpr auto format(OutputIt out, const T&...) const -> OutputIt {
*out++ = value;
return out;
}
};
// This ensures that the argument type is convertible to `const T&`.
template <typename T, int N, typename... Args>
constexpr auto get_arg_checked(const Args&... args) -> const T& {
const auto& arg = detail::get<N>(args...);
if constexpr (detail::is_named_arg<remove_cvref_t<decltype(arg)>>()) {
return arg.value;
} else {
return arg;
}
}
template <typename Char>
struct is_compiled_format<code_unit<Char>> : std::true_type {};
// A replacement field that refers to argument N.
template <typename Char, typename V, int N> struct field {
using char_type = Char;
template <typename OutputIt, typename... T>
constexpr auto format(OutputIt out, const T&... args) const -> OutputIt {
const V& arg = get_arg_checked<V, N>(args...);
if constexpr (std::is_convertible<V, basic_string_view<Char>>::value) {
auto s = basic_string_view<Char>(arg);
return copy<Char>(s.begin(), s.end(), out);
} else {
return write<Char>(out, arg);
}
}
};
template <typename Char, typename T, int N>
struct is_compiled_format<field<Char, T, N>> : std::true_type {};
// A replacement field that refers to argument with name.
template <typename Char> struct runtime_named_field {
using char_type = Char;
basic_string_view<Char> name;
template <typename OutputIt, typename T>
constexpr static auto try_format_argument(
OutputIt& out,
// [[maybe_unused]] due to unused-but-set-parameter warning in GCC 7,8,9
[[maybe_unused]] basic_string_view<Char> arg_name, const T& arg) -> bool {
if constexpr (is_named_arg<typename std::remove_cv<T>::type>::value) {
if (arg_name == arg.name) {
out = write<Char>(out, arg.value);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename... T>
constexpr auto format(OutputIt out, const T&... args) const -> OutputIt {
bool found = (try_format_argument(out, name, args) || ...);
if (!found) {
FMT_THROW(format_error("argument with specified name is not found"));
}
return out;
}
};
template <typename Char>
struct is_compiled_format<runtime_named_field<Char>> : std::true_type {};
// A replacement field that refers to argument N and has format specifiers.
template <typename Char, typename V, int N> struct spec_field {
using char_type = Char;
formatter<V, Char> fmt;
template <typename OutputIt, typename... T>
constexpr FMT_INLINE auto format(OutputIt out, const T&... args) const
-> OutputIt {
const auto& vargs =
fmt::make_format_args<basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>(args...);
basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char> ctx(out, vargs);
return fmt.format(get_arg_checked<V, N>(args...), ctx);
}
};
template <typename Char, typename T, int N>
struct is_compiled_format<spec_field<Char, T, N>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename L, typename R> struct concat {
L lhs;
R rhs;
using char_type = typename L::char_type;
template <typename OutputIt, typename... T>
constexpr auto format(OutputIt out, const T&... args) const -> OutputIt {
out = lhs.format(out, args...);
return rhs.format(out, args...);
}
};
template <typename L, typename R>
struct is_compiled_format<concat<L, R>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename L, typename R>
constexpr auto make_concat(L lhs, R rhs) -> concat<L, R> {
return {lhs, rhs};
}
struct unknown_format {};
template <typename Char>
constexpr auto parse_text(basic_string_view<Char> str, size_t pos) -> size_t {
for (size_t size = str.size(); pos != size; ++pos) {
if (str[pos] == '{' || str[pos] == '}') break;
}
return pos;
}
template <typename Args, size_t POS, int ID, typename S>
constexpr auto compile_format_string(S fmt);
template <typename Args, size_t POS, int ID, typename T, typename S>
constexpr auto parse_tail(T head, S fmt) {
if constexpr (POS != basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>(fmt).size()) {
constexpr auto tail = compile_format_string<Args, POS, ID>(fmt);
if constexpr (std::is_same<remove_cvref_t<decltype(tail)>,
unknown_format>())
return tail;
else
return make_concat(head, tail);
} else {
return head;
}
}
template <typename T, typename Char> struct parse_specs_result {
formatter<T, Char> fmt;
size_t end;
int next_arg_id;
};
enum { manual_indexing_id = -1 };
template <typename T, typename Char>
constexpr auto parse_specs(basic_string_view<Char> str, size_t pos,
int next_arg_id) -> parse_specs_result<T, Char> {
str.remove_prefix(pos);
auto ctx =
compile_parse_context<Char>(str, max_value<int>(), nullptr, next_arg_id);
auto f = formatter<T, Char>();
auto end = f.parse(ctx);
return {f, pos + fmt::detail::to_unsigned(end - str.data()),
next_arg_id == 0 ? manual_indexing_id : ctx.next_arg_id()};
}
template <typename Char> struct arg_id_handler {
arg_id_kind kind;
arg_ref<Char> arg_id;
constexpr auto on_auto() -> int {
FMT_ASSERT(false, "handler cannot be used with automatic indexing");
return 0;
}
constexpr auto on_index(int id) -> int {
kind = arg_id_kind::index;
arg_id = arg_ref<Char>(id);
return 0;
}
constexpr auto on_name(basic_string_view<Char> id) -> int {
kind = arg_id_kind::name;
arg_id = arg_ref<Char>(id);
return 0;
}
};
template <typename Char> struct parse_arg_id_result {
arg_id_kind kind;
arg_ref<Char> arg_id;
const Char* arg_id_end;
};
template <int ID, typename Char>
constexpr auto parse_arg_id(const Char* begin, const Char* end) {
auto handler = arg_id_handler<Char>{arg_id_kind::none, arg_ref<Char>{}};
auto arg_id_end = parse_arg_id(begin, end, handler);
return parse_arg_id_result<Char>{handler.kind, handler.arg_id, arg_id_end};
}
template <typename T, typename Enable = void> struct field_type {
using type = remove_cvref_t<T>;
};
template <typename T>
struct field_type<T, enable_if_t<detail::is_named_arg<T>::value>> {
using type = remove_cvref_t<decltype(T::value)>;
};
template <typename T, typename Args, size_t END_POS, int ARG_INDEX, int NEXT_ID,
typename S>
constexpr auto parse_replacement_field_then_tail(S fmt) {
using char_type = typename S::char_type;
constexpr auto str = basic_string_view<char_type>(fmt);
constexpr char_type c = END_POS != str.size() ? str[END_POS] : char_type();
if constexpr (c == '}') {
return parse_tail<Args, END_POS + 1, NEXT_ID>(
field<char_type, typename field_type<T>::type, ARG_INDEX>(), fmt);
} else if constexpr (c != ':') {
FMT_THROW(format_error("expected ':'"));
} else {
constexpr auto result = parse_specs<typename field_type<T>::type>(
str, END_POS + 1, NEXT_ID == manual_indexing_id ? 0 : NEXT_ID);
if constexpr (result.end >= str.size() || str[result.end] != '}') {
FMT_THROW(format_error("expected '}'"));
return 0;
} else {
return parse_tail<Args, result.end + 1, result.next_arg_id>(
spec_field<char_type, typename field_type<T>::type, ARG_INDEX>{
result.fmt},
fmt);
}
}
}
// Compiles a non-empty format string and returns the compiled representation
// or unknown_format() on unrecognized input.
template <typename Args, size_t POS, int ID, typename S>
constexpr auto compile_format_string(S fmt) {
using char_type = typename S::char_type;
constexpr auto str = basic_string_view<char_type>(fmt);
if constexpr (str[POS] == '{') {
if constexpr (POS + 1 == str.size())
FMT_THROW(format_error("unmatched '{' in format string"));
if constexpr (str[POS + 1] == '{') {
return parse_tail<Args, POS + 2, ID>(make_text(str, POS, 1), fmt);
} else if constexpr (str[POS + 1] == '}' || str[POS + 1] == ':') {
static_assert(ID != manual_indexing_id,
"cannot switch from manual to automatic argument indexing");
constexpr auto next_id =
ID != manual_indexing_id ? ID + 1 : manual_indexing_id;
return parse_replacement_field_then_tail<get_type<ID, Args>, Args,
POS + 1, ID, next_id>(fmt);
} else {
constexpr auto arg_id_result =
parse_arg_id<ID>(str.data() + POS + 1, str.data() + str.size());
constexpr auto arg_id_end_pos = arg_id_result.arg_id_end - str.data();
constexpr char_type c =
arg_id_end_pos != str.size() ? str[arg_id_end_pos] : char_type();
static_assert(c == '}' || c == ':', "missing '}' in format string");
if constexpr (arg_id_result.kind == arg_id_kind::index) {
static_assert(
ID == manual_indexing_id || ID == 0,
"cannot switch from automatic to manual argument indexing");
constexpr auto arg_index = arg_id_result.arg_id.index;
return parse_replacement_field_then_tail<get_type<arg_index, Args>,
Args, arg_id_end_pos,
arg_index, manual_indexing_id>(
fmt);
} else if constexpr (arg_id_result.kind == arg_id_kind::name) {
constexpr auto arg_index =
get_arg_index_by_name(arg_id_result.arg_id.name, Args{});
if constexpr (arg_index >= 0) {
constexpr auto next_id =
ID != manual_indexing_id ? ID + 1 : manual_indexing_id;
return parse_replacement_field_then_tail<
decltype(get_type<arg_index, Args>::value), Args, arg_id_end_pos,
arg_index, next_id>(fmt);
} else if constexpr (c == '}') {
return parse_tail<Args, arg_id_end_pos + 1, ID>(
runtime_named_field<char_type>{arg_id_result.arg_id.name}, fmt);
} else if constexpr (c == ':') {
return unknown_format(); // no type info for specs parsing
}
}
}
} else if constexpr (str[POS] == '}') {
if constexpr (POS + 1 == str.size())
FMT_THROW(format_error("unmatched '}' in format string"));
return parse_tail<Args, POS + 2, ID>(make_text(str, POS, 1), fmt);
} else {
constexpr auto end = parse_text(str, POS + 1);
if constexpr (end - POS > 1) {
return parse_tail<Args, end, ID>(make_text(str, POS, end - POS), fmt);
} else {
return parse_tail<Args, end, ID>(code_unit<char_type>{str[POS]}, fmt);
}
}
}
template <typename... Args, typename S,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
constexpr auto compile(S fmt) {
constexpr auto str = basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>(fmt);
if constexpr (str.size() == 0) {
return detail::make_text(str, 0, 0);
} else {
constexpr auto result =
detail::compile_format_string<detail::type_list<Args...>, 0, 0>(fmt);
return result;
}
}
#endif // defined(__cpp_if_constexpr) && defined(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
} // namespace detail
FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr) && defined(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
template <typename CompiledFormat, typename... T,
typename Char = typename CompiledFormat::char_type,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_format<CompiledFormat>::value)>
FMT_INLINE FMT_CONSTEXPR_STRING auto format(const CompiledFormat& cf,
const T&... args)
-> std::basic_string<Char> {
auto s = std::basic_string<Char>();
cf.format(std::back_inserter(s), args...);
return s;
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename CompiledFormat, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_format<CompiledFormat>::value)>
constexpr FMT_INLINE auto format_to(OutputIt out, const CompiledFormat& cf,
const T&... args) -> OutputIt {
return cf.format(out, args...);
}
template <typename S, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
FMT_INLINE FMT_CONSTEXPR_STRING auto format(const S&, T&&... args)
-> std::basic_string<typename S::char_type> {
if constexpr (std::is_same<typename S::char_type, char>::value) {
constexpr auto str = basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>(S());
if constexpr (str.size() == 2 && str[0] == '{' && str[1] == '}') {
const auto& first = detail::first(args...);
if constexpr (detail::is_named_arg<
remove_cvref_t<decltype(first)>>::value) {
return fmt::to_string(first.value);
} else {
return fmt::to_string(first);
}
}
}
constexpr auto compiled = detail::compile<T...>(S());
if constexpr (std::is_same<remove_cvref_t<decltype(compiled)>,
detail::unknown_format>()) {
return fmt::format(
static_cast<basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>>(S()),
std::forward<T>(args)...);
} else {
return fmt::format(compiled, std::forward<T>(args)...);
}
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format_to(OutputIt out, const S&, T&&... args) -> OutputIt {
constexpr auto compiled = detail::compile<T...>(S());
if constexpr (std::is_same<remove_cvref_t<decltype(compiled)>,
detail::unknown_format>()) {
return fmt::format_to(
out, static_cast<basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>>(S()),
std::forward<T>(args)...);
} else {
return fmt::format_to(out, compiled, std::forward<T>(args)...);
}
}
#endif
template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, const S& fmt, T&&... args)
-> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
using traits = detail::fixed_buffer_traits;
auto buf = detail::iterator_buffer<OutputIt, char, traits>(out, n);
fmt::format_to(appender(buf), fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
return {buf.out(), buf.count()};
}
template <typename S, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto formatted_size(const S& fmt, T&&... args) -> size_t {
auto buf = detail::counting_buffer<>();
fmt::format_to(appender(buf), fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
return buf.count();
}
template <typename S, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
void print(std::FILE* f, const S& fmt, T&&... args) {
auto buf = memory_buffer();
fmt::format_to(appender(buf), fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
detail::print(f, {buf.data(), buf.size()});
}
template <typename S, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
void print(const S& fmt, T&&... args) {
print(stdout, fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
}
template <size_t N> class static_format_result {
private:
char data[N];
public:
template <typename S, typename... T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR static_format_result(const S& fmt, T&&... args) {
*fmt::format_to(data, fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...) = '\0';
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto str() const -> fmt::string_view { return {data, N - 1}; }
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto c_str() const -> const char* { return data; }
};
/**
* Formats arguments according to the format string `fmt_str` and produces
* a string of the exact required size at compile time. Both the format string
* and the arguments must be compile-time expressions.
*
* The resulting string can be accessed as a C string via `c_str()` or as
* a `fmt::string_view` via `str()`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* // Produces the static string "42" at compile time.
* static constexpr auto result = FMT_STATIC_FORMAT("{}", 42);
* const char* s = result.c_str();
*/
#define FMT_STATIC_FORMAT(fmt_str, ...) \
fmt::static_format_result< \
fmt::formatted_size(FMT_COMPILE(fmt_str), __VA_ARGS__) + 1>( \
FMT_COMPILE(fmt_str), __VA_ARGS__)
FMT_END_EXPORT
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_COMPILE_H_

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// This file is only provided for compatibility and may be removed in future
// versions. Use fmt/base.h if you don't need fmt::format and fmt/format.h
// otherwise.
#include "format.h"

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// Formatting library for C++ - optional OS-specific functionality
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_OS_H_
#define FMT_OS_H_
#include "format.h"
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <cerrno>
# include <cstddef>
# include <cstdio>
# include <system_error> // std::system_error
# if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<xlocale.h>)
# include <xlocale.h> // LC_NUMERIC_MASK on macOS
# endif
#endif // FMT_MODULE
#ifndef FMT_USE_FCNTL
// UWP doesn't provide _pipe.
# if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("winapifamily.h")
# include <winapifamily.h>
# endif
# if (FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<fcntl.h>) || defined(__APPLE__) || \
defined(__linux__)) && \
(!defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) || \
(WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP)) && \
!defined(__wasm__)
# include <fcntl.h> // for O_RDONLY
# define FMT_USE_FCNTL 1
# else
# define FMT_USE_FCNTL 0
# endif
#endif
#ifndef FMT_POSIX
# if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
# define FMT_POSIX(call) _##call
# else
# define FMT_POSIX(call) call
# endif
#endif
// Calls to system functions are wrapped in FMT_SYSTEM for testability.
#ifdef FMT_SYSTEM
# define FMT_HAS_SYSTEM
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) FMT_SYSTEM(call)
#else
# define FMT_SYSTEM(call) ::call
# ifdef _WIN32
// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::_##call
# else
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::call
# endif
#endif
// Retries the expression while it evaluates to error_result and errno
// equals to EINTR.
#ifndef _WIN32
# define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) \
do { \
(result) = (expression); \
} while ((result) == (error_result) && errno == EINTR)
#else
# define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) result = (expression)
#endif
#define FMT_RETRY(result, expression) FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, -1)
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
/**
* A reference to a null-terminated string. It can be constructed from a C
* string or `std::string`.
*
* You can use one of the following type aliases for common character types:
*
* +---------------+-----------------------------+
* | Type | Definition |
* +===============+=============================+
* | cstring_view | basic_cstring_view<char> |
* +---------------+-----------------------------+
* | wcstring_view | basic_cstring_view<wchar_t> |
* +---------------+-----------------------------+
*
* This class is most useful as a parameter type for functions that wrap C APIs.
*/
template <typename Char> class basic_cstring_view {
private:
const Char* data_;
public:
/// Constructs a string reference object from a C string.
basic_cstring_view(const Char* s) : data_(s) {}
/// Constructs a string reference from an `std::string` object.
basic_cstring_view(const std::basic_string<Char>& s) : data_(s.c_str()) {}
/// Returns the pointer to a C string.
auto c_str() const -> const Char* { return data_; }
};
using cstring_view = basic_cstring_view<char>;
using wcstring_view = basic_cstring_view<wchar_t>;
#ifdef _WIN32
FMT_API const std::error_category& system_category() noexcept;
namespace detail {
FMT_API void format_windows_error(buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
const char* message) noexcept;
}
FMT_API std::system_error vwindows_error(int error_code, string_view fmt,
format_args args);
/**
* Constructs a `std::system_error` object with the description of the form
*
* <message>: <system-message>
*
* where `<message>` is the formatted message and `<system-message>` is the
* system message corresponding to the error code.
* `error_code` is a Windows error code as given by `GetLastError`.
* If `error_code` is not a valid error code such as -1, the system message
* will look like "error -1".
*
* **Example**:
*
* // This throws a system_error with the description
* // cannot open file 'foo': The system cannot find the file specified.
* // or similar (system message may vary) if the file doesn't exist.
* const char *filename = "foo";
* LPOFSTRUCT of = LPOFSTRUCT();
* HFILE file = OpenFile(filename, &of, OF_READ);
* if (file == HFILE_ERROR) {
* throw fmt::windows_error(GetLastError(),
* "cannot open file '{}'", filename);
* }
*/
template <typename... T>
auto windows_error(int error_code, string_view message, const T&... args)
-> std::system_error {
return vwindows_error(error_code, message, vargs<T...>{{args...}});
}
// Reports a Windows error without throwing an exception.
// Can be used to report errors from destructors.
FMT_API void report_windows_error(int error_code, const char* message) noexcept;
#else
inline auto system_category() noexcept -> const std::error_category& {
return std::system_category();
}
#endif // _WIN32
// A buffered file.
class buffered_file {
private:
FILE* file_;
friend class file;
inline explicit buffered_file(FILE* f) : file_(f) {}
public:
buffered_file(const buffered_file&) = delete;
void operator=(const buffered_file&) = delete;
// Constructs a buffered_file object which doesn't represent any file.
inline buffered_file() noexcept : file_(nullptr) {}
// Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
FMT_API ~buffered_file() noexcept;
public:
inline buffered_file(buffered_file&& other) noexcept : file_(other.file_) {
other.file_ = nullptr;
}
inline auto operator=(buffered_file&& other) -> buffered_file& {
close();
file_ = other.file_;
other.file_ = nullptr;
return *this;
}
// Opens a file.
FMT_API buffered_file(cstring_view filename, cstring_view mode);
// Closes the file.
FMT_API void close();
// Returns the pointer to a FILE object representing this file.
inline auto get() const noexcept -> FILE* { return file_; }
FMT_API auto descriptor() const -> int;
template <typename... T>
inline void print(string_view fmt, const T&... args) {
fmt::vargs<T...> vargs = {{args...}};
detail::is_locking<T...>() ? fmt::vprint_buffered(file_, fmt, vargs)
: fmt::vprint(file_, fmt, vargs);
}
};
#if FMT_USE_FCNTL
// A file. Closed file is represented by a file object with descriptor -1.
// Methods that are not declared with noexcept may throw
// fmt::system_error in case of failure. Note that some errors such as
// closing the file multiple times will cause a crash on Windows rather
// than an exception. You can get standard behavior by overriding the
// invalid parameter handler with _set_invalid_parameter_handler.
class FMT_API file {
private:
int fd_; // File descriptor.
// Constructs a file object with a given descriptor.
explicit file(int fd) : fd_(fd) {}
friend struct pipe;
public:
// Possible values for the oflag argument to the constructor.
enum {
RDONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_RDONLY), // Open for reading only.
WRONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_WRONLY), // Open for writing only.
RDWR = FMT_POSIX(O_RDWR), // Open for reading and writing.
CREATE = FMT_POSIX(O_CREAT), // Create if the file doesn't exist.
APPEND = FMT_POSIX(O_APPEND), // Open in append mode.
TRUNC = FMT_POSIX(O_TRUNC) // Truncate the content of the file.
};
// Constructs a file object which doesn't represent any file.
inline file() noexcept : fd_(-1) {}
// Opens a file and constructs a file object representing this file.
file(cstring_view path, int oflag);
public:
file(const file&) = delete;
void operator=(const file&) = delete;
inline file(file&& other) noexcept : fd_(other.fd_) { other.fd_ = -1; }
// Move assignment is not noexcept because close may throw.
inline auto operator=(file&& other) -> file& {
close();
fd_ = other.fd_;
other.fd_ = -1;
return *this;
}
// Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
~file() noexcept;
// Returns the file descriptor.
inline auto descriptor() const noexcept -> int { return fd_; }
// Closes the file.
void close();
// Returns the file size. The size has signed type for consistency with
// stat::st_size.
auto size() const -> long long;
// Attempts to read count bytes from the file into the specified buffer.
auto read(void* buffer, size_t count) -> size_t;
// Attempts to write count bytes from the specified buffer to the file.
auto write(const void* buffer, size_t count) -> size_t;
// Duplicates a file descriptor with the dup function and returns
// the duplicate as a file object.
static auto dup(int fd) -> file;
// Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
// necessary.
void dup2(int fd);
// Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
// necessary.
void dup2(int fd, std::error_code& ec) noexcept;
// Creates a buffered_file object associated with this file and detaches
// this file object from the file.
auto fdopen(const char* mode) -> buffered_file;
# if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
// Opens a file and constructs a file object representing this file by
// wcstring_view filename. Windows only.
static file open_windows_file(wcstring_view path, int oflag);
# endif
};
struct FMT_API pipe {
file read_end;
file write_end;
// Creates a pipe setting up read_end and write_end file objects for reading
// and writing respectively.
pipe();
};
// Returns the memory page size.
auto getpagesize() -> long;
namespace detail {
struct buffer_size {
constexpr buffer_size() = default;
size_t value = 0;
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator=(size_t val) const -> buffer_size {
auto bs = buffer_size();
bs.value = val;
return bs;
}
};
struct ostream_params {
int oflag = file::WRONLY | file::CREATE | file::TRUNC;
size_t buffer_size = BUFSIZ > 32768 ? BUFSIZ : 32768;
constexpr ostream_params() {}
template <typename... T>
ostream_params(T... params, int new_oflag) : ostream_params(params...) {
oflag = new_oflag;
}
template <typename... T>
ostream_params(T... params, detail::buffer_size bs)
: ostream_params(params...) {
this->buffer_size = bs.value;
}
// Intel has a bug that results in failure to deduce a constructor
// for empty parameter packs.
# if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && __INTEL_COMPILER < 2000
ostream_params(int new_oflag) : oflag(new_oflag) {}
ostream_params(detail::buffer_size bs) : buffer_size(bs.value) {}
# endif
};
} // namespace detail
FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr auto buffer_size = detail::buffer_size();
/// A fast buffered output stream for writing from a single thread. Writing from
/// multiple threads without external synchronization may result in a data race.
class ostream : private detail::buffer<char> {
private:
file file_;
FMT_API ostream(cstring_view path, const detail::ostream_params& params);
FMT_API static void grow(buffer<char>& buf, size_t);
public:
FMT_API ostream(ostream&& other) noexcept;
FMT_API ~ostream();
operator writer() {
detail::buffer<char>& buf = *this;
return buf;
}
inline void flush() {
if (size() == 0) return;
file_.write(data(), size() * sizeof(data()[0]));
clear();
}
template <typename... T>
friend auto output_file(cstring_view path, T... params) -> ostream;
inline void close() {
flush();
file_.close();
}
/// Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the
/// output to the file.
template <typename... T> void print(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
vformat_to(appender(*this), fmt.str, vargs<T...>{{args...}});
}
};
/**
* Opens a file for writing. Supported parameters passed in `params`:
*
* - `<integer>`: Flags passed to [open](
* https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904875/functions/open.html)
* (`file::WRONLY | file::CREATE | file::TRUNC` by default)
* - `buffer_size=<integer>`: Output buffer size
*
* **Example**:
*
* auto out = fmt::output_file("guide.txt");
* out.print("Don't {}", "Panic");
*/
template <typename... T>
inline auto output_file(cstring_view path, T... params) -> ostream {
return {path, detail::ostream_params(params...)};
}
#endif // FMT_USE_FCNTL
FMT_END_EXPORT
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_OS_H_

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// Formatting library for C++ - std::ostream support
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_OSTREAM_H_
#define FMT_OSTREAM_H_
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <fstream> // std::filebuf
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
# ifdef __GLIBCXX__
# include <ext/stdio_filebuf.h>
# include <ext/stdio_sync_filebuf.h>
# endif
# include <io.h>
#endif
#include "chrono.h" // formatbuf
#ifdef _MSVC_STL_UPDATE
# define FMT_MSVC_STL_UPDATE _MSVC_STL_UPDATE
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1912 // VS 15.5
# define FMT_MSVC_STL_UPDATE _MSVC_LANG
#else
# define FMT_MSVC_STL_UPDATE 0
#endif
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace detail {
// Generate a unique explicit instantiation in every translation unit using a
// tag type in an anonymous namespace.
namespace {
struct file_access_tag {};
} // namespace
template <typename Tag, typename BufType, FILE* BufType::* FileMemberPtr>
class file_access {
friend auto get_file(BufType& obj) -> FILE* { return obj.*FileMemberPtr; }
};
#if FMT_MSVC_STL_UPDATE
template class file_access<file_access_tag, std::filebuf,
&std::filebuf::_Myfile>;
auto get_file(std::filebuf&) -> FILE*;
#endif
// Write the content of buf to os.
// It is a separate function rather than a part of vprint to simplify testing.
template <typename Char>
void write_buffer(std::basic_ostream<Char>& os, buffer<Char>& buf) {
const Char* buf_data = buf.data();
using unsigned_streamsize = make_unsigned_t<std::streamsize>;
unsigned_streamsize size = buf.size();
unsigned_streamsize max_size = to_unsigned(max_value<std::streamsize>());
do {
unsigned_streamsize n = size <= max_size ? size : max_size;
os.write(buf_data, static_cast<std::streamsize>(n));
buf_data += n;
size -= n;
} while (size != 0);
}
template <typename T> struct streamed_view {
const T& value;
};
} // namespace detail
// Formats an object of type T that has an overloaded ostream operator<<.
template <typename Char>
struct basic_ostream_formatter : formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char> {
void set_debug_format() = delete;
template <typename T, typename Context>
auto format(const T& value, Context& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto buffer = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
auto&& formatbuf = detail::formatbuf<std::basic_streambuf<Char>>(buffer);
auto&& output = std::basic_ostream<Char>(&formatbuf);
output.imbue(std::locale::classic()); // The default is always unlocalized.
output << value;
output.exceptions(std::ios_base::failbit | std::ios_base::badbit);
return formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char>::format(
{buffer.data(), buffer.size()}, ctx);
}
};
using ostream_formatter = basic_ostream_formatter<char>;
template <typename T, typename Char>
struct formatter<detail::streamed_view<T>, Char>
: basic_ostream_formatter<Char> {
template <typename Context>
auto format(detail::streamed_view<T> view, Context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return basic_ostream_formatter<Char>::format(view.value, ctx);
}
};
/**
* Returns a view that formats `value` via an ostream `operator<<`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::print("Current thread id: {}\n",
* fmt::streamed(std::this_thread::get_id()));
*/
template <typename T>
constexpr auto streamed(const T& value) -> detail::streamed_view<T> {
return {value};
}
inline void vprint(std::ostream& os, string_view fmt, format_args args) {
auto buffer = memory_buffer();
detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
FILE* f = nullptr;
#if FMT_MSVC_STL_UPDATE && FMT_USE_RTTI
if (auto* buf = dynamic_cast<std::filebuf*>(os.rdbuf()))
f = detail::get_file(*buf);
#elif defined(_WIN32) && defined(__GLIBCXX__) && FMT_USE_RTTI
auto* rdbuf = os.rdbuf();
if (auto* sfbuf = dynamic_cast<__gnu_cxx::stdio_sync_filebuf<char>*>(rdbuf))
f = sfbuf->file();
else if (auto* fbuf = dynamic_cast<__gnu_cxx::stdio_filebuf<char>*>(rdbuf))
f = fbuf->file();
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
if (f) {
int fd = _fileno(f);
if (_isatty(fd)) {
os.flush();
if (detail::write_console(fd, {buffer.data(), buffer.size()})) return;
}
}
#endif
detail::ignore_unused(f);
detail::write_buffer(os, buffer);
}
/**
* Prints formatted data to the stream `os`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::print(cerr, "Don't {}!", "panic");
*/
FMT_EXPORT template <typename... T>
void print(std::ostream& os, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
fmt::vargs<T...> vargs = {{args...}};
if (detail::const_check(detail::use_utf8)) return vprint(os, fmt.str, vargs);
auto buffer = memory_buffer();
detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt.str, vargs);
detail::write_buffer(os, buffer);
}
FMT_EXPORT template <typename... T>
void println(std::ostream& os, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
fmt::print(os, FMT_STRING("{}\n"),
fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...));
}
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_OSTREAM_H_

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include/fmt/printf.h
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@ -1,624 +0,0 @@
// Formatting library for C++ - legacy printf implementation
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_PRINTF_H_
#define FMT_PRINTF_H_
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <algorithm> // std::find
# include <limits> // std::numeric_limits
#endif
#include "format.h"
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
template <typename Char> class basic_printf_context {
private:
basic_appender<Char> out_;
basic_format_args<basic_printf_context> args_;
static_assert(std::is_same<Char, char>::value ||
std::is_same<Char, wchar_t>::value,
"Unsupported code unit type.");
public:
using char_type = Char;
enum { builtin_types = 1 };
/// Constructs a `printf_context` object. References to the arguments are
/// stored in the context object so make sure they have appropriate lifetimes.
basic_printf_context(basic_appender<Char> out,
basic_format_args<basic_printf_context> args)
: out_(out), args_(args) {}
auto out() -> basic_appender<Char> { return out_; }
void advance_to(basic_appender<Char>) {}
auto locale() -> locale_ref { return {}; }
auto arg(int id) const -> basic_format_arg<basic_printf_context> {
return args_.get(id);
}
};
namespace detail {
// Return the result via the out param to workaround gcc bug 77539.
template <bool IS_CONSTEXPR, typename T, typename Ptr = const T*>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto find(Ptr first, Ptr last, T value, Ptr& out) -> bool {
for (out = first; out != last; ++out) {
if (*out == value) return true;
}
return false;
}
template <>
inline auto find<false, char>(const char* first, const char* last, char value,
const char*& out) -> bool {
out =
static_cast<const char*>(memchr(first, value, to_unsigned(last - first)));
return out != nullptr;
}
// Checks if a value fits in int - used to avoid warnings about comparing
// signed and unsigned integers.
template <bool IS_SIGNED> struct int_checker {
template <typename T> static auto fits_in_int(T value) -> bool {
return value <= to_unsigned(max_value<int>());
}
inline static auto fits_in_int(bool) -> bool { return true; }
};
template <> struct int_checker<true> {
template <typename T> static auto fits_in_int(T value) -> bool {
return value >= (std::numeric_limits<int>::min)() &&
value <= max_value<int>();
}
inline static auto fits_in_int(int) -> bool { return true; }
};
struct printf_precision_handler {
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T value) -> int {
if (!int_checker<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed>::fits_in_int(value))
report_error("number is too big");
return max_of(static_cast<int>(value), 0);
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T) -> int {
report_error("precision is not integer");
return 0;
}
};
// An argument visitor that returns true iff arg is a zero integer.
struct is_zero_int {
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T value) -> bool {
return value == 0;
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T) -> bool {
return false;
}
};
template <typename T> struct make_unsigned_or_bool : std::make_unsigned<T> {};
template <> struct make_unsigned_or_bool<bool> {
using type = bool;
};
template <typename T, typename Context> class arg_converter {
private:
using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
basic_format_arg<Context>& arg_;
char_type type_;
public:
arg_converter(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg, char_type type)
: arg_(arg), type_(type) {}
void operator()(bool value) {
if (type_ != 's') operator()<bool>(value);
}
template <typename U, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<U>::value)>
void operator()(U value) {
bool is_signed = type_ == 'd' || type_ == 'i';
using target_type = conditional_t<std::is_same<T, void>::value, U, T>;
if (const_check(sizeof(target_type) <= sizeof(int))) {
// Extra casts are used to silence warnings.
using unsigned_type = typename make_unsigned_or_bool<target_type>::type;
if (is_signed)
arg_ = static_cast<int>(static_cast<target_type>(value));
else
arg_ = static_cast<unsigned>(static_cast<unsigned_type>(value));
} else {
// glibc's printf doesn't sign extend arguments of smaller types:
// std::printf("%lld", -42); // prints "4294967254"
// but we don't have to do the same because it's a UB.
if (is_signed)
arg_ = static_cast<long long>(value);
else
arg_ = static_cast<typename make_unsigned_or_bool<U>::type>(value);
}
}
template <typename U, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<U>::value)>
void operator()(U) {} // No conversion needed for non-integral types.
};
// Converts an integer argument to T for printf, if T is an integral type.
// If T is void, the argument is converted to corresponding signed or unsigned
// type depending on the type specifier: 'd' and 'i' - signed, other -
// unsigned).
template <typename T, typename Context, typename Char>
void convert_arg(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg, Char type) {
arg.visit(arg_converter<T, Context>(arg, type));
}
// Converts an integer argument to char for printf.
template <typename Context> class char_converter {
private:
basic_format_arg<Context>& arg_;
public:
explicit char_converter(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg) : arg_(arg) {}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
void operator()(T value) {
arg_ = static_cast<typename Context::char_type>(value);
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
void operator()(T) {} // No conversion needed for non-integral types.
};
// An argument visitor that return a pointer to a C string if argument is a
// string or null otherwise.
template <typename Char> struct get_cstring {
template <typename T> auto operator()(T) -> const Char* { return nullptr; }
auto operator()(const Char* s) -> const Char* { return s; }
};
// Checks if an argument is a valid printf width specifier and sets
// left alignment if it is negative.
class printf_width_handler {
private:
format_specs& specs_;
public:
inline explicit printf_width_handler(format_specs& specs) : specs_(specs) {}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T value) -> unsigned {
auto width = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>(value);
if (detail::is_negative(value)) {
specs_.set_align(align::left);
width = 0 - width;
}
unsigned int_max = to_unsigned(max_value<int>());
if (width > int_max) report_error("number is too big");
return static_cast<unsigned>(width);
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T) -> unsigned {
report_error("width is not integer");
return 0;
}
};
// Workaround for a bug with the XL compiler when initializing
// printf_arg_formatter's base class.
template <typename Char>
auto make_arg_formatter(basic_appender<Char> iter, format_specs& s)
-> arg_formatter<Char> {
return {iter, s, locale_ref()};
}
// The `printf` argument formatter.
template <typename Char>
class printf_arg_formatter : public arg_formatter<Char> {
private:
using base = arg_formatter<Char>;
using context_type = basic_printf_context<Char>;
context_type& context_;
void write_null_pointer(bool is_string = false) {
auto s = this->specs;
s.set_type(presentation_type::none);
write_bytes<Char>(this->out, is_string ? "(null)" : "(nil)", s);
}
template <typename T> void write(T value) {
detail::write<Char>(this->out, value, this->specs, this->locale);
}
public:
printf_arg_formatter(basic_appender<Char> iter, format_specs& s,
context_type& ctx)
: base(make_arg_formatter(iter, s)), context_(ctx) {}
void operator()(monostate value) { write(value); }
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_integral<T>::value)>
void operator()(T value) {
// MSVC2013 fails to compile separate overloads for bool and Char so use
// std::is_same instead.
if (!std::is_same<T, Char>::value) {
write(value);
return;
}
format_specs s = this->specs;
if (s.type() != presentation_type::none &&
s.type() != presentation_type::chr) {
return (*this)(static_cast<int>(value));
}
s.set_sign(sign::none);
s.clear_alt();
s.set_fill(' '); // Ignore '0' flag for char types.
// align::numeric needs to be overwritten here since the '0' flag is
// ignored for non-numeric types
if (s.align() == align::none || s.align() == align::numeric)
s.set_align(align::right);
detail::write<Char>(this->out, static_cast<Char>(value), s);
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<T>::value)>
void operator()(T value) {
write(value);
}
void operator()(const char* value) {
if (value)
write(value);
else
write_null_pointer(this->specs.type() != presentation_type::pointer);
}
void operator()(const wchar_t* value) {
if (value)
write(value);
else
write_null_pointer(this->specs.type() != presentation_type::pointer);
}
void operator()(basic_string_view<Char> value) { write(value); }
void operator()(const void* value) {
if (value)
write(value);
else
write_null_pointer();
}
void operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context_type>::handle handle) {
auto parse_ctx = parse_context<Char>({});
handle.format(parse_ctx, context_);
}
};
template <typename Char>
void parse_flags(format_specs& specs, const Char*& it, const Char* end) {
for (; it != end; ++it) {
switch (*it) {
case '-': specs.set_align(align::left); break;
case '+': specs.set_sign(sign::plus); break;
case '0': specs.set_fill('0'); break;
case ' ':
if (specs.sign() != sign::plus) specs.set_sign(sign::space);
break;
case '#': specs.set_alt(); break;
default: return;
}
}
}
template <typename Char, typename GetArg>
auto parse_header(const Char*& it, const Char* end, format_specs& specs,
GetArg get_arg) -> int {
int arg_index = -1;
Char c = *it;
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
// Parse an argument index (if followed by '$') or a width possibly
// preceded with '0' flag(s).
int value = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, -1);
if (it != end && *it == '$') { // value is an argument index
++it;
arg_index = value != -1 ? value : max_value<int>();
} else {
if (c == '0') specs.set_fill('0');
if (value != 0) {
// Nonzero value means that we parsed width and don't need to
// parse it or flags again, so return now.
if (value == -1) report_error("number is too big");
specs.width = value;
return arg_index;
}
}
}
parse_flags(specs, it, end);
// Parse width.
if (it != end) {
if (*it >= '0' && *it <= '9') {
specs.width = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, -1);
if (specs.width == -1) report_error("number is too big");
} else if (*it == '*') {
++it;
specs.width = static_cast<int>(
get_arg(-1).visit(detail::printf_width_handler(specs)));
}
}
return arg_index;
}
inline auto parse_printf_presentation_type(char c, type t, bool& upper)
-> presentation_type {
using pt = presentation_type;
constexpr auto integral_set = sint_set | uint_set | bool_set | char_set;
switch (c) {
case 'd': return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::dec : pt::none;
case 'o': return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::oct : pt::none;
case 'X': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'x': return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::hex : pt::none;
case 'E': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'e': return in(t, float_set) ? pt::exp : pt::none;
case 'F': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'f': return in(t, float_set) ? pt::fixed : pt::none;
case 'G': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'g': return in(t, float_set) ? pt::general : pt::none;
case 'A': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'a': return in(t, float_set) ? pt::hexfloat : pt::none;
case 'c': return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::chr : pt::none;
case 's': return in(t, string_set | cstring_set) ? pt::string : pt::none;
case 'p': return in(t, pointer_set | cstring_set) ? pt::pointer : pt::none;
default: return pt::none;
}
}
template <typename Char, typename Context>
void vprintf(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> format,
basic_format_args<Context> args) {
using iterator = basic_appender<Char>;
auto out = iterator(buf);
auto context = basic_printf_context<Char>(out, args);
auto parse_ctx = parse_context<Char>(format);
// Returns the argument with specified index or, if arg_index is -1, the next
// argument.
auto get_arg = [&](int arg_index) {
if (arg_index < 0)
arg_index = parse_ctx.next_arg_id();
else
parse_ctx.check_arg_id(--arg_index);
auto arg = context.arg(arg_index);
if (!arg) report_error("argument not found");
return arg;
};
const Char* start = parse_ctx.begin();
const Char* end = parse_ctx.end();
auto it = start;
while (it != end) {
if (!find<false, Char>(it, end, '%', it)) {
it = end; // find leaves it == nullptr if it doesn't find '%'.
break;
}
Char c = *it++;
if (it != end && *it == c) {
write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - start)));
start = ++it;
continue;
}
write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - 1 - start)));
auto specs = format_specs();
specs.set_align(align::right);
// Parse argument index, flags and width.
int arg_index = parse_header(it, end, specs, get_arg);
if (arg_index == 0) report_error("argument not found");
// Parse precision.
if (it != end && *it == '.') {
++it;
c = it != end ? *it : 0;
if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
specs.precision = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, 0);
} else if (c == '*') {
++it;
specs.precision =
static_cast<int>(get_arg(-1).visit(printf_precision_handler()));
} else {
specs.precision = 0;
}
}
auto arg = get_arg(arg_index);
// For d, i, o, u, x, and X conversion specifiers, if a precision is
// specified, the '0' flag is ignored
if (specs.precision >= 0 && is_integral_type(arg.type())) {
// Ignore '0' for non-numeric types or if '-' present.
specs.set_fill(' ');
}
if (specs.precision >= 0 && arg.type() == type::cstring_type) {
auto str = arg.visit(get_cstring<Char>());
auto str_end = str + specs.precision;
auto nul = std::find(str, str_end, Char());
auto sv = basic_string_view<Char>(
str, to_unsigned(nul != str_end ? nul - str : specs.precision));
arg = sv;
}
if (specs.alt() && arg.visit(is_zero_int())) specs.clear_alt();
if (specs.fill_unit<Char>() == '0') {
if (is_arithmetic_type(arg.type()) && specs.align() != align::left) {
specs.set_align(align::numeric);
} else {
// Ignore '0' flag for non-numeric types or if '-' flag is also present.
specs.set_fill(' ');
}
}
// Parse length and convert the argument to the required type.
c = it != end ? *it++ : 0;
Char t = it != end ? *it : 0;
switch (c) {
case 'h':
if (t == 'h') {
++it;
t = it != end ? *it : 0;
convert_arg<signed char>(arg, t);
} else {
convert_arg<short>(arg, t);
}
break;
case 'l':
if (t == 'l') {
++it;
t = it != end ? *it : 0;
convert_arg<long long>(arg, t);
} else {
convert_arg<long>(arg, t);
}
break;
case 'j': convert_arg<intmax_t>(arg, t); break;
case 'z': convert_arg<size_t>(arg, t); break;
case 't': convert_arg<std::ptrdiff_t>(arg, t); break;
case 'L':
// printf produces garbage when 'L' is omitted for long double, no
// need to do the same.
break;
default: --it; convert_arg<void>(arg, c);
}
// Parse type.
if (it == end) report_error("invalid format string");
char type = static_cast<char>(*it++);
if (is_integral_type(arg.type())) {
// Normalize type.
switch (type) {
case 'i':
case 'u': type = 'd'; break;
case 'c':
arg.visit(char_converter<basic_printf_context<Char>>(arg));
break;
}
}
bool upper = false;
specs.set_type(parse_printf_presentation_type(type, arg.type(), upper));
if (specs.type() == presentation_type::none)
report_error("invalid format specifier");
if (upper) specs.set_upper();
start = it;
// Format argument.
arg.visit(printf_arg_formatter<Char>(out, specs, context));
}
write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - start)));
}
} // namespace detail
using printf_context = basic_printf_context<char>;
using wprintf_context = basic_printf_context<wchar_t>;
using printf_args = basic_format_args<printf_context>;
using wprintf_args = basic_format_args<wprintf_context>;
/// Constructs an `format_arg_store` object that contains references to
/// arguments and can be implicitly converted to `printf_args`.
template <typename Char = char, typename... T>
inline auto make_printf_args(T&... args)
-> decltype(fmt::make_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>(args...)) {
return fmt::make_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>(args...);
}
template <typename Char> struct vprintf_args {
using type = basic_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>;
};
template <typename Char>
inline auto vsprintf(basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
typename vprintf_args<Char>::type args)
-> std::basic_string<Char> {
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
detail::vprintf(buf, fmt, args);
return {buf.data(), buf.size()};
}
/**
* Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and returns the result
* as as string.
*
* **Example**:
*
* std::string message = fmt::sprintf("The answer is %d", 42);
*/
template <typename... T>
inline auto sprintf(string_view fmt, const T&... args) -> std::string {
return vsprintf(fmt, make_printf_args(args...));
}
template <typename... T>
FMT_DEPRECATED auto sprintf(basic_string_view<wchar_t> fmt, const T&... args)
-> std::wstring {
return vsprintf(fmt, make_printf_args<wchar_t>(args...));
}
template <typename Char>
auto vfprintf(std::FILE* f, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
typename vprintf_args<Char>::type args) -> int {
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
detail::vprintf(buf, fmt, args);
size_t size = buf.size();
return std::fwrite(buf.data(), sizeof(Char), size, f) < size
? -1
: static_cast<int>(size);
}
/**
* Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
* to `f`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::fprintf(stderr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
*/
template <typename... T>
inline auto fprintf(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, const T&... args) -> int {
return vfprintf(f, fmt, make_printf_args(args...));
}
template <typename... T>
FMT_DEPRECATED auto fprintf(std::FILE* f, basic_string_view<wchar_t> fmt,
const T&... args) -> int {
return vfprintf(f, fmt, make_printf_args<wchar_t>(args...));
}
/**
* Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
* to `stdout`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
*/
template <typename... T>
inline auto printf(string_view fmt, const T&... args) -> int {
return vfprintf(stdout, fmt, make_printf_args(args...));
}
FMT_END_EXPORT
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_PRINTF_H_

851
include/fmt/ranges.h
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@ -1,851 +0,0 @@
// Formatting library for C++ - range and tuple support
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich and {fmt} contributors
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_RANGES_H_
#define FMT_RANGES_H_
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <initializer_list>
# include <iterator>
# include <tuple>
# include <type_traits>
# include <utility>
#endif
#include "format.h"
#if FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(clang::lifetimebound)
# define FMT_LIFETIMEBOUND [[clang::lifetimebound]]
#else
# define FMT_LIFETIMEBOUND
#endif
FMT_PRAGMA_CLANG(diagnostic error "-Wreturn-stack-address")
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
FMT_EXPORT
enum class range_format { disabled, map, set, sequence, string, debug_string };
namespace detail {
template <typename T> class is_map {
template <typename U> static auto check(U*) -> typename U::mapped_type;
template <typename> static void check(...);
public:
static constexpr bool value =
!std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(nullptr))>::value;
};
template <typename T> class is_set {
template <typename U> static auto check(U*) -> typename U::key_type;
template <typename> static void check(...);
public:
static constexpr bool value =
!std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(nullptr))>::value && !is_map<T>::value;
};
// C array overload
template <typename T, size_t N>
auto range_begin(const T (&arr)[N]) -> const T* {
return arr;
}
template <typename T, size_t N> auto range_end(const T (&arr)[N]) -> const T* {
return arr + N;
}
template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
struct has_member_fn_begin_end_t : std::false_type {};
template <typename T>
struct has_member_fn_begin_end_t<T, void_t<decltype(*std::declval<T>().begin()),
decltype(std::declval<T>().end())>>
: std::true_type {};
// Member function overloads.
template <typename T>
auto range_begin(T&& rng) -> decltype(static_cast<T&&>(rng).begin()) {
return static_cast<T&&>(rng).begin();
}
template <typename T>
auto range_end(T&& rng) -> decltype(static_cast<T&&>(rng).end()) {
return static_cast<T&&>(rng).end();
}
// ADL overloads. Only participate in overload resolution if member functions
// are not found.
template <typename T>
auto range_begin(T&& rng)
-> enable_if_t<!has_member_fn_begin_end_t<T&&>::value,
decltype(begin(static_cast<T&&>(rng)))> {
return begin(static_cast<T&&>(rng));
}
template <typename T>
auto range_end(T&& rng) -> enable_if_t<!has_member_fn_begin_end_t<T&&>::value,
decltype(end(static_cast<T&&>(rng)))> {
return end(static_cast<T&&>(rng));
}
template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
struct has_const_begin_end : std::false_type {};
template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
struct has_mutable_begin_end : std::false_type {};
template <typename T>
struct has_const_begin_end<
T, void_t<decltype(*detail::range_begin(
std::declval<const remove_cvref_t<T>&>())),
decltype(detail::range_end(
std::declval<const remove_cvref_t<T>&>()))>>
: std::true_type {};
template <typename T>
struct has_mutable_begin_end<
T, void_t<decltype(*detail::range_begin(std::declval<T&>())),
decltype(detail::range_end(std::declval<T&>())),
// the extra int here is because older versions of MSVC don't
// SFINAE properly unless there are distinct types
int>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename T, typename _ = void> struct is_range_ : std::false_type {};
template <typename T>
struct is_range_<T, void>
: std::integral_constant<bool, (has_const_begin_end<T>::value ||
has_mutable_begin_end<T>::value)> {};
// tuple_size and tuple_element check.
template <typename T> class is_tuple_like_ {
template <typename U, typename V = typename std::remove_cv<U>::type>
static auto check(U* p) -> decltype(std::tuple_size<V>::value, 0);
template <typename> static void check(...);
public:
static constexpr bool value =
!std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(nullptr))>::value;
};
// Check for integer_sequence
#if defined(__cpp_lib_integer_sequence) || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1900
template <typename T, T... N>
using integer_sequence = std::integer_sequence<T, N...>;
template <size_t... N> using index_sequence = std::index_sequence<N...>;
template <size_t N> using make_index_sequence = std::make_index_sequence<N>;
#else
template <typename T, T... N> struct integer_sequence {
using value_type = T;
static FMT_CONSTEXPR auto size() -> size_t { return sizeof...(N); }
};
template <size_t... N> using index_sequence = integer_sequence<size_t, N...>;
template <typename T, size_t N, T... Ns>
struct make_integer_sequence : make_integer_sequence<T, N - 1, N - 1, Ns...> {};
template <typename T, T... Ns>
struct make_integer_sequence<T, 0, Ns...> : integer_sequence<T, Ns...> {};
template <size_t N>
using make_index_sequence = make_integer_sequence<size_t, N>;
#endif
template <typename T>
using tuple_index_sequence = make_index_sequence<std::tuple_size<T>::value>;
template <typename T, typename C, bool = is_tuple_like_<T>::value>
class is_tuple_formattable_ {
public:
static constexpr bool value = false;
};
template <typename T, typename C> class is_tuple_formattable_<T, C, true> {
template <size_t... Is>
static auto all_true(index_sequence<Is...>,
integer_sequence<bool, (Is >= 0)...>) -> std::true_type;
static auto all_true(...) -> std::false_type;
template <size_t... Is>
static auto check(index_sequence<Is...>) -> decltype(all_true(
index_sequence<Is...>{},
integer_sequence<bool,
(is_formattable<typename std::tuple_element<Is, T>::type,
C>::value)...>{}));
public:
static constexpr bool value =
decltype(check(tuple_index_sequence<T>{}))::value;
};
template <typename Tuple, typename F, size_t... Is>
FMT_CONSTEXPR void for_each(index_sequence<Is...>, Tuple&& t, F&& f) {
using std::get;
// Using a free function get<Is>(Tuple) now.
const int unused[] = {0, ((void)f(get<Is>(t)), 0)...};
ignore_unused(unused);
}
template <typename Tuple, typename F>
FMT_CONSTEXPR void for_each(Tuple&& t, F&& f) {
for_each(tuple_index_sequence<remove_cvref_t<Tuple>>(),
std::forward<Tuple>(t), std::forward<F>(f));
}
template <typename Tuple1, typename Tuple2, typename F, size_t... Is>
void for_each2(index_sequence<Is...>, Tuple1&& t1, Tuple2&& t2, F&& f) {
using std::get;
const int unused[] = {0, ((void)f(get<Is>(t1), get<Is>(t2)), 0)...};
ignore_unused(unused);
}
template <typename Tuple1, typename Tuple2, typename F>
void for_each2(Tuple1&& t1, Tuple2&& t2, F&& f) {
for_each2(tuple_index_sequence<remove_cvref_t<Tuple1>>(),
std::forward<Tuple1>(t1), std::forward<Tuple2>(t2),
std::forward<F>(f));
}
namespace tuple {
// Workaround a bug in MSVC 2019 (v140).
template <typename Char, typename... T>
using result_t = std::tuple<formatter<remove_cvref_t<T>, Char>...>;
using std::get;
template <typename Tuple, typename Char, size_t... Is>
auto get_formatters(index_sequence<Is...>)
-> result_t<Char, decltype(get<Is>(std::declval<Tuple>()))...>;
} // namespace tuple
#if FMT_MSC_VERSION && FMT_MSC_VERSION < 1920
// Older MSVC doesn't get the reference type correctly for arrays.
template <typename R> struct range_reference_type_impl {
using type = decltype(*detail::range_begin(std::declval<R&>()));
};
template <typename T, size_t N> struct range_reference_type_impl<T[N]> {
using type = T&;
};
template <typename T>
using range_reference_type = typename range_reference_type_impl<T>::type;
#else
template <typename Range>
using range_reference_type =
decltype(*detail::range_begin(std::declval<Range&>()));
#endif
// We don't use the Range's value_type for anything, but we do need the Range's
// reference type, with cv-ref stripped.
template <typename Range>
using uncvref_type = remove_cvref_t<range_reference_type<Range>>;
template <typename T>
struct range_format_kind_
: std::integral_constant<range_format,
std::is_same<uncvref_type<T>, T>::value
? range_format::disabled
: is_map<T>::value ? range_format::map
: is_set<T>::value ? range_format::set
: range_format::sequence> {};
template <range_format K>
using range_format_constant = std::integral_constant<range_format, K>;
// These are not generic lambdas for compatibility with C++11.
template <typename Char> struct parse_empty_specs {
template <typename Formatter> FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(Formatter& f) {
f.parse(ctx);
detail::maybe_set_debug_format(f, true);
}
parse_context<Char>& ctx;
};
template <typename FormatContext> struct format_tuple_element {
using char_type = typename FormatContext::char_type;
template <typename T>
void operator()(const formatter<T, char_type>& f, const T& v) {
if (i > 0) ctx.advance_to(detail::copy<char_type>(separator, ctx.out()));
ctx.advance_to(f.format(v, ctx));
++i;
}
int i;
FormatContext& ctx;
basic_string_view<char_type> separator;
};
} // namespace detail
FMT_EXPORT
template <typename T> struct is_tuple_like {
static constexpr bool value =
detail::is_tuple_like_<T>::value && !detail::is_range_<T>::value;
};
FMT_EXPORT
template <typename T, typename C> struct is_tuple_formattable {
static constexpr bool value = detail::is_tuple_formattable_<T, C>::value;
};
template <typename Tuple, typename Char>
struct formatter<Tuple, Char,
enable_if_t<fmt::is_tuple_like<Tuple>::value &&
fmt::is_tuple_formattable<Tuple, Char>::value>> {
private:
decltype(detail::tuple::get_formatters<Tuple, Char>(
detail::tuple_index_sequence<Tuple>())) formatters_;
basic_string_view<Char> separator_ = detail::string_literal<Char, ',', ' '>{};
basic_string_view<Char> opening_bracket_ =
detail::string_literal<Char, '('>{};
basic_string_view<Char> closing_bracket_ =
detail::string_literal<Char, ')'>{};
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() {}
FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_separator(basic_string_view<Char> sep) {
separator_ = sep;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_brackets(basic_string_view<Char> open,
basic_string_view<Char> close) {
opening_bracket_ = open;
closing_bracket_ = close;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
auto it = ctx.begin();
auto end = ctx.end();
if (it != end && detail::to_ascii(*it) == 'n') {
++it;
set_brackets({}, {});
set_separator({});
}
if (it != end && *it != '}') report_error("invalid format specifier");
ctx.advance_to(it);
detail::for_each(formatters_, detail::parse_empty_specs<Char>{ctx});
return it;
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const Tuple& value, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
ctx.advance_to(detail::copy<Char>(opening_bracket_, ctx.out()));
detail::for_each2(
formatters_, value,
detail::format_tuple_element<FormatContext>{0, ctx, separator_});
return detail::copy<Char>(closing_bracket_, ctx.out());
}
};
FMT_EXPORT
template <typename T, typename Char> struct is_range {
static constexpr bool value =
detail::is_range_<T>::value && !detail::has_to_string_view<T>::value;
};
namespace detail {
template <typename Char, typename Element>
using range_formatter_type = formatter<remove_cvref_t<Element>, Char>;
template <typename R>
using maybe_const_range =
conditional_t<has_const_begin_end<R>::value, const R, R>;
template <typename R, typename Char>
struct is_formattable_delayed
: is_formattable<uncvref_type<maybe_const_range<R>>, Char> {};
} // namespace detail
template <typename...> struct conjunction : std::true_type {};
template <typename P> struct conjunction<P> : P {};
template <typename P1, typename... Pn>
struct conjunction<P1, Pn...>
: conditional_t<bool(P1::value), conjunction<Pn...>, P1> {};
FMT_EXPORT
template <typename T, typename Char, typename Enable = void>
struct range_formatter;
template <typename T, typename Char>
struct range_formatter<
T, Char,
enable_if_t<conjunction<std::is_same<T, remove_cvref_t<T>>,
is_formattable<T, Char>>::value>> {
private:
detail::range_formatter_type<Char, T> underlying_;
basic_string_view<Char> separator_ = detail::string_literal<Char, ',', ' '>{};
basic_string_view<Char> opening_bracket_ =
detail::string_literal<Char, '['>{};
basic_string_view<Char> closing_bracket_ =
detail::string_literal<Char, ']'>{};
bool is_debug = false;
template <typename Output, typename It, typename Sentinel, typename U = T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<U, Char>::value)>
auto write_debug_string(Output& out, It it, Sentinel end) const -> Output {
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
for (; it != end; ++it) buf.push_back(*it);
auto specs = format_specs();
specs.set_type(presentation_type::debug);
return detail::write<Char>(
out, basic_string_view<Char>(buf.data(), buf.size()), specs);
}
template <typename Output, typename It, typename Sentinel, typename U = T,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<U, Char>::value)>
auto write_debug_string(Output& out, It, Sentinel) const -> Output {
return out;
}
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR range_formatter() {}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto underlying() -> detail::range_formatter_type<Char, T>& {
return underlying_;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_separator(basic_string_view<Char> sep) {
separator_ = sep;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_brackets(basic_string_view<Char> open,
basic_string_view<Char> close) {
opening_bracket_ = open;
closing_bracket_ = close;
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
auto it = ctx.begin();
auto end = ctx.end();
detail::maybe_set_debug_format(underlying_, true);
if (it == end) return underlying_.parse(ctx);
switch (detail::to_ascii(*it)) {
case 'n':
set_brackets({}, {});
++it;
break;
case '?':
is_debug = true;
set_brackets({}, {});
++it;
if (it == end || *it != 's') report_error("invalid format specifier");
FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 's':
if (!std::is_same<T, Char>::value)
report_error("invalid format specifier");
if (!is_debug) {
set_brackets(detail::string_literal<Char, '"'>{},
detail::string_literal<Char, '"'>{});
set_separator({});
detail::maybe_set_debug_format(underlying_, false);
}
++it;
return it;
}
if (it != end && *it != '}') {
if (*it != ':') report_error("invalid format specifier");
detail::maybe_set_debug_format(underlying_, false);
++it;
}
ctx.advance_to(it);
return underlying_.parse(ctx);
}
template <typename R, typename FormatContext>
auto format(R&& range, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto out = ctx.out();
auto it = detail::range_begin(range);
auto end = detail::range_end(range);
if (is_debug) return write_debug_string(out, std::move(it), end);
out = detail::copy<Char>(opening_bracket_, out);
int i = 0;
for (; it != end; ++it) {
if (i > 0) out = detail::copy<Char>(separator_, out);
ctx.advance_to(out);
auto&& item = *it; // Need an lvalue
out = underlying_.format(item, ctx);
++i;
}
out = detail::copy<Char>(closing_bracket_, out);
return out;
}
};
FMT_EXPORT
template <typename T, typename Char, typename Enable = void>
struct range_format_kind
: conditional_t<
is_range<T, Char>::value, detail::range_format_kind_<T>,
std::integral_constant<range_format, range_format::disabled>> {};
template <typename R, typename Char>
struct formatter<
R, Char,
enable_if_t<conjunction<
bool_constant<
range_format_kind<R, Char>::value != range_format::disabled &&
range_format_kind<R, Char>::value != range_format::map &&
range_format_kind<R, Char>::value != range_format::string &&
range_format_kind<R, Char>::value != range_format::debug_string>,
detail::is_formattable_delayed<R, Char>>::value>> {
private:
using range_type = detail::maybe_const_range<R>;
range_formatter<detail::uncvref_type<range_type>, Char> range_formatter_;
public:
using nonlocking = void;
FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() {
if (detail::const_check(range_format_kind<R, Char>::value !=
range_format::set))
return;
range_formatter_.set_brackets(detail::string_literal<Char, '{'>{},
detail::string_literal<Char, '}'>{});
}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
return range_formatter_.parse(ctx);
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(range_type& range, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return range_formatter_.format(range, ctx);
}
};
// A map formatter.
template <typename R, typename Char>
struct formatter<
R, Char,
enable_if_t<conjunction<
bool_constant<range_format_kind<R, Char>::value == range_format::map>,
detail::is_formattable_delayed<R, Char>>::value>> {
private:
using map_type = detail::maybe_const_range<R>;
using element_type = detail::uncvref_type<map_type>;
decltype(detail::tuple::get_formatters<element_type, Char>(
detail::tuple_index_sequence<element_type>())) formatters_;
bool no_delimiters_ = false;
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() {}
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
auto it = ctx.begin();
auto end = ctx.end();
if (it != end) {
if (detail::to_ascii(*it) == 'n') {
no_delimiters_ = true;
++it;
}
if (it != end && *it != '}') {
if (*it != ':') report_error("invalid format specifier");
++it;
}
ctx.advance_to(it);
}
detail::for_each(formatters_, detail::parse_empty_specs<Char>{ctx});
return it;
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(map_type& map, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto out = ctx.out();
basic_string_view<Char> open = detail::string_literal<Char, '{'>{};
if (!no_delimiters_) out = detail::copy<Char>(open, out);
int i = 0;
basic_string_view<Char> sep = detail::string_literal<Char, ',', ' '>{};
for (auto&& value : map) {
if (i > 0) out = detail::copy<Char>(sep, out);
ctx.advance_to(out);
detail::for_each2(formatters_, value,
detail::format_tuple_element<FormatContext>{
0, ctx, detail::string_literal<Char, ':', ' '>{}});
++i;
}
basic_string_view<Char> close = detail::string_literal<Char, '}'>{};
if (!no_delimiters_) out = detail::copy<Char>(close, out);
return out;
}
};
// A (debug_)string formatter.
template <typename R, typename Char>
struct formatter<
R, Char,
enable_if_t<range_format_kind<R, Char>::value == range_format::string ||
range_format_kind<R, Char>::value ==
range_format::debug_string>> {
private:
using range_type = detail::maybe_const_range<R>;
using string_type =
conditional_t<std::is_constructible<
detail::std_string_view<Char>,
decltype(detail::range_begin(std::declval<R>())),
decltype(detail::range_end(std::declval<R>()))>::value,
detail::std_string_view<Char>, std::basic_string<Char>>;
formatter<string_type, Char> underlying_;
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
return underlying_.parse(ctx);
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(range_type& range, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto out = ctx.out();
if (detail::const_check(range_format_kind<R, Char>::value ==
range_format::debug_string))
*out++ = '"';
out = underlying_.format(
string_type{detail::range_begin(range), detail::range_end(range)}, ctx);
if (detail::const_check(range_format_kind<R, Char>::value ==
range_format::debug_string))
*out++ = '"';
return out;
}
};
template <typename It, typename Sentinel, typename Char = char>
struct join_view : detail::view {
It begin;
Sentinel end;
basic_string_view<Char> sep;
join_view(It b, Sentinel e, basic_string_view<Char> s)
: begin(std::move(b)), end(e), sep(s) {}
};
template <typename It, typename Sentinel, typename Char>
struct formatter<join_view<It, Sentinel, Char>, Char> {
private:
using value_type =
#ifdef __cpp_lib_ranges
std::iter_value_t<It>;
#else
typename std::iterator_traits<It>::value_type;
#endif
formatter<remove_cvref_t<value_type>, Char> value_formatter_;
using view = conditional_t<std::is_copy_constructible<It>::value,
const join_view<It, Sentinel, Char>,
join_view<It, Sentinel, Char>>;
public:
using nonlocking = void;
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
return value_formatter_.parse(ctx);
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(view& value, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
using iter =
conditional_t<std::is_copy_constructible<view>::value, It, It&>;
iter it = value.begin;
auto out = ctx.out();
if (it == value.end) return out;
out = value_formatter_.format(*it, ctx);
++it;
while (it != value.end) {
out = detail::copy<Char>(value.sep.begin(), value.sep.end(), out);
ctx.advance_to(out);
out = value_formatter_.format(*it, ctx);
++it;
}
return out;
}
};
FMT_EXPORT
template <typename Tuple, typename Char> struct tuple_join_view : detail::view {
const Tuple& tuple;
basic_string_view<Char> sep;
tuple_join_view(const Tuple& t, basic_string_view<Char> s)
: tuple(t), sep{s} {}
};
// Define FMT_TUPLE_JOIN_SPECIFIERS to enable experimental format specifiers
// support in tuple_join. It is disabled by default because of issues with
// the dynamic width and precision.
#ifndef FMT_TUPLE_JOIN_SPECIFIERS
# define FMT_TUPLE_JOIN_SPECIFIERS 0
#endif
template <typename Tuple, typename Char>
struct formatter<tuple_join_view<Tuple, Char>, Char,
enable_if_t<is_tuple_like<Tuple>::value>> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
return do_parse(ctx, std::tuple_size<Tuple>());
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const tuple_join_view<Tuple, Char>& value,
FormatContext& ctx) const -> typename FormatContext::iterator {
return do_format(value, ctx, std::tuple_size<Tuple>());
}
private:
decltype(detail::tuple::get_formatters<Tuple, Char>(
detail::tuple_index_sequence<Tuple>())) formatters_;
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto do_parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx,
std::integral_constant<size_t, 0>)
-> const Char* {
return ctx.begin();
}
template <size_t N>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto do_parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx,
std::integral_constant<size_t, N>)
-> const Char* {
auto end = ctx.begin();
#if FMT_TUPLE_JOIN_SPECIFIERS
end = std::get<std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - N>(formatters_).parse(ctx);
if (N > 1) {
auto end1 = do_parse(ctx, std::integral_constant<size_t, N - 1>());
if (end != end1)
report_error("incompatible format specs for tuple elements");
}
#endif
return end;
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto do_format(const tuple_join_view<Tuple, Char>&, FormatContext& ctx,
std::integral_constant<size_t, 0>) const ->
typename FormatContext::iterator {
return ctx.out();
}
template <typename FormatContext, size_t N>
auto do_format(const tuple_join_view<Tuple, Char>& value, FormatContext& ctx,
std::integral_constant<size_t, N>) const ->
typename FormatContext::iterator {
using std::get;
auto out =
std::get<std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - N>(formatters_)
.format(get<std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - N>(value.tuple), ctx);
if (N <= 1) return out;
out = detail::copy<Char>(value.sep, out);
ctx.advance_to(out);
return do_format(value, ctx, std::integral_constant<size_t, N - 1>());
}
};
namespace detail {
// Check if T has an interface like a container adaptor (e.g. std::stack,
// std::queue, std::priority_queue).
template <typename T> class is_container_adaptor_like {
template <typename U> static auto check(U* p) -> typename U::container_type;
template <typename> static void check(...);
public:
static constexpr bool value =
!std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(nullptr))>::value;
};
template <typename Container> struct all {
const Container& c;
auto begin() const -> typename Container::const_iterator { return c.begin(); }
auto end() const -> typename Container::const_iterator { return c.end(); }
};
} // namespace detail
template <typename T, typename Char>
struct formatter<
T, Char,
enable_if_t<conjunction<detail::is_container_adaptor_like<T>,
bool_constant<range_format_kind<T, Char>::value ==
range_format::disabled>>::value>>
: formatter<detail::all<typename T::container_type>, Char> {
using all = detail::all<typename T::container_type>;
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const T& value, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
struct getter : T {
static auto get(const T& v) -> all {
return {v.*(&getter::c)}; // Access c through the derived class.
}
};
return formatter<all>::format(getter::get(value), ctx);
}
};
FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
/// Returns a view that formats the iterator range `[begin, end)` with elements
/// separated by `sep`.
template <typename It, typename Sentinel>
auto join(It begin, Sentinel end, string_view sep) -> join_view<It, Sentinel> {
return {std::move(begin), end, sep};
}
/**
* Returns a view that formats `range` with elements separated by `sep`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* auto v = std::vector<int>{1, 2, 3};
* fmt::print("{}", fmt::join(v, ", "));
* // Output: 1, 2, 3
*
* `fmt::join` applies passed format specifiers to the range elements:
*
* fmt::print("{:02}", fmt::join(v, ", "));
* // Output: 01, 02, 03
*/
template <typename Range, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_tuple_like<Range>::value)>
auto join(Range&& r, string_view sep)
-> join_view<decltype(detail::range_begin(r)),
decltype(detail::range_end(r))> {
return {detail::range_begin(r), detail::range_end(r), sep};
}
/**
* Returns an object that formats `std::tuple` with elements separated by `sep`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* auto t = std::tuple<int, char>(1, 'a');
* fmt::print("{}", fmt::join(t, ", "));
* // Output: 1, a
*/
template <typename Tuple, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_tuple_like<Tuple>::value)>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto join(const Tuple& tuple FMT_LIFETIMEBOUND, string_view sep)
-> tuple_join_view<Tuple, char> {
return {tuple, sep};
}
/**
* Returns an object that formats `std::initializer_list` with elements
* separated by `sep`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::print("{}", fmt::join({1, 2, 3}, ", "));
* // Output: "1, 2, 3"
*/
template <typename T>
auto join(std::initializer_list<T> list, string_view sep)
-> join_view<const T*, const T*> {
return join(std::begin(list), std::end(list), sep);
}
FMT_END_EXPORT
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_RANGES_H_

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include/fmt/std.h
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@ -1,734 +0,0 @@
// Formatting library for C++ - formatters for standard library types
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_STD_H_
#define FMT_STD_H_
#include "format.h"
#include "ostream.h"
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <atomic>
# include <bitset>
# include <complex>
# include <exception>
# include <functional> // std::reference_wrapper
# include <memory>
# include <thread>
# include <type_traits>
# include <typeinfo> // std::type_info
# include <utility> // std::make_index_sequence
// Check FMT_CPLUSPLUS to suppress a bogus warning in MSVC.
# if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L
# if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<filesystem>) && \
(!defined(FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM) || FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM != 0)
# include <filesystem>
# endif
# if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<variant>)
# include <variant>
# endif
# if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<optional>)
# include <optional>
# endif
# endif
// Use > instead of >= in the version check because <source_location> may be
// available after C++17 but before C++20 is marked as implemented.
# if FMT_CPLUSPLUS > 201703L && FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<source_location>)
# include <source_location>
# endif
# if FMT_CPLUSPLUS > 202002L && FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<expected>)
# include <expected>
# endif
#endif // FMT_MODULE
#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<version>)
# include <version>
#endif
// GCC 4 does not support FMT_HAS_INCLUDE.
#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<cxxabi.h>) || defined(__GLIBCXX__)
# include <cxxabi.h>
// Android NDK with gabi++ library on some architectures does not implement
// abi::__cxa_demangle().
# ifndef __GABIXX_CXXABI_H__
# define FMT_HAS_ABI_CXA_DEMANGLE
# endif
#endif
#ifdef FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM
// Use the provided definition.
#elif defined(__cpp_lib_filesystem)
# define FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM __cpp_lib_filesystem
#else
# define FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM 0
#endif
#ifdef FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
// Use the provided definition.
#elif defined(__cpp_lib_variant)
# define FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT __cpp_lib_variant
#else
# define FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT 0
#endif
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace detail {
#if FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM
template <typename Char, typename PathChar>
auto get_path_string(const std::filesystem::path& p,
const std::basic_string<PathChar>& native) {
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Char, char> &&
std::is_same_v<PathChar, wchar_t>) {
return to_utf8<wchar_t>(native, to_utf8_error_policy::wtf);
} else {
return p.string<Char>();
}
}
template <typename Char, typename PathChar>
void write_escaped_path(basic_memory_buffer<Char>& quoted,
const std::filesystem::path& p,
const std::basic_string<PathChar>& native) {
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Char, char> &&
std::is_same_v<PathChar, wchar_t>) {
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t>();
write_escaped_string<wchar_t>(std::back_inserter(buf), native);
bool valid = to_utf8<wchar_t>::convert(quoted, {buf.data(), buf.size()});
FMT_ASSERT(valid, "invalid utf16");
} else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Char, PathChar>) {
write_escaped_string<std::filesystem::path::value_type>(
std::back_inserter(quoted), native);
} else {
write_escaped_string<Char>(std::back_inserter(quoted), p.string<Char>());
}
}
#endif // FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM
#if defined(__cpp_lib_expected) || FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T, typename FormatContext>
auto write_escaped_alternative(OutputIt out, const T& v, FormatContext& ctx)
-> OutputIt {
if constexpr (has_to_string_view<T>::value)
return write_escaped_string<Char>(out, detail::to_string_view(v));
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, Char>) return write_escaped_char(out, v);
formatter<std::remove_cv_t<T>, Char> underlying;
maybe_set_debug_format(underlying, true);
return underlying.format(v, ctx);
}
#endif
#if FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
template <typename> struct is_variant_like_ : std::false_type {};
template <typename... Types>
struct is_variant_like_<std::variant<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
template <typename Variant, typename Char> class is_variant_formattable {
template <size_t... Is>
static auto check(std::index_sequence<Is...>) -> std::conjunction<
is_formattable<std::variant_alternative_t<Is, Variant>, Char>...>;
public:
static constexpr bool value = decltype(check(
std::make_index_sequence<std::variant_size<Variant>::value>()))::value;
};
#endif // FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
#if FMT_USE_RTTI
inline auto normalize_libcxx_inline_namespaces(string_view demangled_name_view,
char* begin) -> string_view {
// Normalization of stdlib inline namespace names.
// libc++ inline namespaces.
// std::__1::* -> std::*
// std::__1::__fs::* -> std::*
// libstdc++ inline namespaces.
// std::__cxx11::* -> std::*
// std::filesystem::__cxx11::* -> std::filesystem::*
if (demangled_name_view.starts_with("std::")) {
char* to = begin + 5; // std::
for (const char *from = to, *end = begin + demangled_name_view.size();
from < end;) {
// This is safe, because demangled_name is NUL-terminated.
if (from[0] == '_' && from[1] == '_') {
const char* next = from + 1;
while (next < end && *next != ':') next++;
if (next[0] == ':' && next[1] == ':') {
from = next + 2;
continue;
}
}
*to++ = *from++;
}
demangled_name_view = {begin, detail::to_unsigned(to - begin)};
}
return demangled_name_view;
}
template <class OutputIt>
auto normalize_msvc_abi_name(string_view abi_name_view, OutputIt out)
-> OutputIt {
const string_view demangled_name(abi_name_view);
for (size_t i = 0; i < demangled_name.size(); ++i) {
auto sub = demangled_name;
sub.remove_prefix(i);
if (sub.starts_with("enum ")) {
i += 4;
continue;
}
if (sub.starts_with("class ") || sub.starts_with("union ")) {
i += 5;
continue;
}
if (sub.starts_with("struct ")) {
i += 6;
continue;
}
if (*sub.begin() != ' ') *out++ = *sub.begin();
}
return out;
}
template <typename OutputIt>
auto write_demangled_name(OutputIt out, const std::type_info& ti) -> OutputIt {
# ifdef FMT_HAS_ABI_CXA_DEMANGLE
int status = 0;
size_t size = 0;
std::unique_ptr<char, void (*)(void*)> demangled_name_ptr(
abi::__cxa_demangle(ti.name(), nullptr, &size, &status), &free);
string_view demangled_name_view;
if (demangled_name_ptr) {
demangled_name_view = normalize_libcxx_inline_namespaces(
demangled_name_ptr.get(), demangled_name_ptr.get());
} else {
demangled_name_view = string_view(ti.name());
}
return detail::write_bytes<char>(out, demangled_name_view);
# elif FMT_MSC_VERSION && defined(_MSVC_STL_UPDATE)
return normalize_msvc_abi_name(ti.name(), out);
# elif FMT_MSC_VERSION && defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION)
const string_view demangled_name = ti.name();
std::string name_copy(demangled_name.size(), '\0');
// normalize_msvc_abi_name removes class, struct, union etc that MSVC has in
// front of types
name_copy.erase(normalize_msvc_abi_name(demangled_name, name_copy.begin()),
name_copy.end());
// normalize_libcxx_inline_namespaces removes the inline __1, __2, etc
// namespaces libc++ uses for ABI versioning On MSVC ABI + libc++
// environments, we need to eliminate both of them.
const string_view normalized_name =
normalize_libcxx_inline_namespaces(name_copy, name_copy.data());
return detail::write_bytes<char>(out, normalized_name);
# else
return detail::write_bytes<char>(out, string_view(ti.name()));
# endif
}
#endif // FMT_USE_RTTI
template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
struct has_flip : std::false_type {};
template <typename T>
struct has_flip<T, void_t<decltype(std::declval<T>().flip())>>
: std::true_type {};
template <typename T> struct is_bit_reference_like {
static constexpr bool value = std::is_convertible<T, bool>::value &&
std::is_nothrow_assignable<T, bool>::value &&
has_flip<T>::value;
};
// Workaround for libc++ incompatibility with C++ standard.
// According to the Standard, `bitset::operator[] const` returns bool.
#if defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION) && !defined(FMT_IMPORT_STD)
template <typename C>
struct is_bit_reference_like<std::__bit_const_reference<C>> {
static constexpr bool value = true;
};
#endif
template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
struct has_format_as : std::false_type {};
template <typename T>
struct has_format_as<T, void_t<decltype(format_as(std::declval<const T&>()))>>
: std::true_type {};
template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
struct has_format_as_member : std::false_type {};
template <typename T>
struct has_format_as_member<
T, void_t<decltype(formatter<T>::format_as(std::declval<const T&>()))>>
: std::true_type {};
} // namespace detail
template <typename T, typename Deleter>
auto ptr(const std::unique_ptr<T, Deleter>& p) -> const void* {
return p.get();
}
template <typename T> auto ptr(const std::shared_ptr<T>& p) -> const void* {
return p.get();
}
#if FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM
template <typename Char> struct formatter<std::filesystem::path, Char> {
private:
format_specs specs_;
detail::arg_ref<Char> width_ref_;
bool debug_ = false;
char path_type_ = 0;
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_debug_format(bool set = true) { debug_ = set; }
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) {
auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
if (it == end) return it;
it = detail::parse_align(it, end, specs_);
if (it == end) return it;
Char c = *it;
if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '{')
it = detail::parse_width(it, end, specs_, width_ref_, ctx);
if (it != end && *it == '?') {
debug_ = true;
++it;
}
if (it != end && (*it == 'g')) path_type_ = detail::to_ascii(*it++);
return it;
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::filesystem::path& p, FormatContext& ctx) const {
auto specs = specs_;
auto path_string =
!path_type_ ? p.native()
: p.generic_string<std::filesystem::path::value_type>();
detail::handle_dynamic_spec(specs.dynamic_width(), specs.width, width_ref_,
ctx);
if (!debug_) {
auto s = detail::get_path_string<Char>(p, path_string);
return detail::write(ctx.out(), basic_string_view<Char>(s), specs);
}
auto quoted = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
detail::write_escaped_path(quoted, p, path_string);
return detail::write(ctx.out(),
basic_string_view<Char>(quoted.data(), quoted.size()),
specs);
}
};
class path : public std::filesystem::path {
public:
auto display_string() const -> std::string {
const std::filesystem::path& base = *this;
return fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{}"), base);
}
auto system_string() const -> std::string { return string(); }
auto generic_display_string() const -> std::string {
const std::filesystem::path& base = *this;
return fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{:g}"), base);
}
auto generic_system_string() const -> std::string { return generic_string(); }
};
#endif // FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM
template <size_t N, typename Char>
struct formatter<std::bitset<N>, Char>
: nested_formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char> {
private:
// This is a functor because C++11 doesn't support generic lambdas.
struct writer {
const std::bitset<N>& bs;
template <typename OutputIt>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
for (auto pos = N; pos > 0; --pos)
out = detail::write<Char>(out, bs[pos - 1] ? Char('1') : Char('0'));
return out;
}
};
public:
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::bitset<N>& bs, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return this->write_padded(ctx, writer{bs});
}
};
template <typename Char>
struct formatter<std::thread::id, Char> : basic_ostream_formatter<Char> {};
#ifdef __cpp_lib_optional
template <typename T, typename Char>
struct formatter<std::optional<T>, Char,
std::enable_if_t<is_formattable<T, Char>::value>> {
private:
formatter<std::remove_cv_t<T>, Char> underlying_;
static constexpr basic_string_view<Char> optional =
detail::string_literal<Char, 'o', 'p', 't', 'i', 'o', 'n', 'a', 'l',
'('>{};
static constexpr basic_string_view<Char> none =
detail::string_literal<Char, 'n', 'o', 'n', 'e'>{};
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) {
detail::maybe_set_debug_format(underlying_, true);
return underlying_.parse(ctx);
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::optional<T>& opt, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
if (!opt) return detail::write<Char>(ctx.out(), none);
auto out = ctx.out();
out = detail::write<Char>(out, optional);
ctx.advance_to(out);
out = underlying_.format(*opt, ctx);
return detail::write(out, ')');
}
};
#endif // __cpp_lib_optional
#ifdef __cpp_lib_expected
template <typename T, typename E, typename Char>
struct formatter<std::expected<T, E>, Char,
std::enable_if_t<(std::is_void<T>::value ||
is_formattable<T, Char>::value) &&
is_formattable<E, Char>::value>> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
return ctx.begin();
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::expected<T, E>& value, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto out = ctx.out();
if (value.has_value()) {
out = detail::write<Char>(out, "expected(");
if constexpr (!std::is_void<T>::value)
out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, *value, ctx);
} else {
out = detail::write<Char>(out, "unexpected(");
out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, value.error(), ctx);
}
*out++ = ')';
return out;
}
};
#endif // __cpp_lib_expected
#ifdef __cpp_lib_source_location
template <> struct formatter<std::source_location> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<>& ctx) { return ctx.begin(); }
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::source_location& loc, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto out = ctx.out();
out = detail::write(out, loc.file_name());
out = detail::write(out, ':');
out = detail::write<char>(out, loc.line());
out = detail::write(out, ':');
out = detail::write<char>(out, loc.column());
out = detail::write(out, ": ");
out = detail::write(out, loc.function_name());
return out;
}
};
#endif
#if FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
template <typename T> struct is_variant_like {
static constexpr bool value = detail::is_variant_like_<T>::value;
};
template <typename Char> struct formatter<std::monostate, Char> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
return ctx.begin();
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::monostate&, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return detail::write<Char>(ctx.out(), "monostate");
}
};
template <typename Variant, typename Char>
struct formatter<Variant, Char,
std::enable_if_t<std::conjunction_v<
is_variant_like<Variant>,
detail::is_variant_formattable<Variant, Char>>>> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
return ctx.begin();
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const Variant& value, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto out = ctx.out();
out = detail::write<Char>(out, "variant(");
FMT_TRY {
std::visit(
[&](const auto& v) {
out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, v, ctx);
},
value);
}
FMT_CATCH(const std::bad_variant_access&) {
detail::write<Char>(out, "valueless by exception");
}
*out++ = ')';
return out;
}
};
#endif // FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
template <> struct formatter<std::error_code> {
private:
format_specs specs_;
detail::arg_ref<char> width_ref_;
bool debug_ = false;
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_debug_format(bool set = true) { debug_ = set; }
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<>& ctx) -> const char* {
auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
if (it == end) return it;
it = detail::parse_align(it, end, specs_);
char c = *it;
if (it != end && ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '{'))
it = detail::parse_width(it, end, specs_, width_ref_, ctx);
if (it != end && *it == '?') {
debug_ = true;
++it;
}
if (it != end && *it == 's') {
specs_.set_type(presentation_type::string);
++it;
}
return it;
}
template <typename FormatContext>
FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto format(const std::error_code& ec,
FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto specs = specs_;
detail::handle_dynamic_spec(specs.dynamic_width(), specs.width, width_ref_,
ctx);
auto buf = memory_buffer();
if (specs_.type() == presentation_type::string) {
buf.append(ec.message());
} else {
buf.append(string_view(ec.category().name()));
buf.push_back(':');
detail::write<char>(appender(buf), ec.value());
}
auto quoted = memory_buffer();
auto str = string_view(buf.data(), buf.size());
if (debug_) {
detail::write_escaped_string<char>(std::back_inserter(quoted), str);
str = string_view(quoted.data(), quoted.size());
}
return detail::write<char>(ctx.out(), str, specs);
}
};
#if FMT_USE_RTTI
template <> struct formatter<std::type_info> {
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<>& ctx) -> const char* {
return ctx.begin();
}
template <typename Context>
auto format(const std::type_info& ti, Context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return detail::write_demangled_name(ctx.out(), ti);
}
};
#endif // FMT_USE_RTTI
template <typename T>
struct formatter<
T, char,
typename std::enable_if<std::is_base_of<std::exception, T>::value>::type> {
private:
bool with_typename_ = false;
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<>& ctx) -> const char* {
auto it = ctx.begin();
auto end = ctx.end();
if (it == end || *it == '}') return it;
if (*it == 't') {
++it;
with_typename_ = FMT_USE_RTTI != 0;
}
return it;
}
template <typename Context>
auto format(const std::exception& ex, Context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto out = ctx.out();
#if FMT_USE_RTTI
if (with_typename_) {
out = detail::write_demangled_name(out, typeid(ex));
*out++ = ':';
*out++ = ' ';
}
#endif
return detail::write_bytes<char>(out, string_view(ex.what()));
}
};
// We can't use std::vector<bool, Allocator>::reference and
// std::bitset<N>::reference because the compiler can't deduce Allocator and N
// in partial specialization.
template <typename BitRef, typename Char>
struct formatter<BitRef, Char,
enable_if_t<detail::is_bit_reference_like<BitRef>::value>>
: formatter<bool, Char> {
template <typename FormatContext>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format(const BitRef& v, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return formatter<bool, Char>::format(v, ctx);
}
};
template <typename T, typename Char>
struct formatter<std::atomic<T>, Char,
enable_if_t<is_formattable<T, Char>::value>>
: formatter<T, Char> {
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::atomic<T>& v, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return formatter<T, Char>::format(v.load(), ctx);
}
};
#ifdef __cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test
template <typename Char>
struct formatter<std::atomic_flag, Char> : formatter<bool, Char> {
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::atomic_flag& v, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return formatter<bool, Char>::format(v.test(), ctx);
}
};
#endif // __cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test
template <typename T> struct is_tuple_like;
template <typename T>
struct is_tuple_like<std::complex<T>> : std::false_type {};
template <typename T, typename Char> struct formatter<std::complex<T>, Char> {
private:
detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char> specs_;
template <typename FormatContext, typename OutputIt>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto do_format(const std::complex<T>& c,
detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char>& specs,
FormatContext& ctx, OutputIt out) const
-> OutputIt {
if (c.real() != 0) {
*out++ = Char('(');
out = detail::write<Char>(out, c.real(), specs, ctx.locale());
specs.set_sign(sign::plus);
out = detail::write<Char>(out, c.imag(), specs, ctx.locale());
if (!detail::isfinite(c.imag())) *out++ = Char(' ');
*out++ = Char('i');
*out++ = Char(')');
return out;
}
out = detail::write<Char>(out, c.imag(), specs, ctx.locale());
if (!detail::isfinite(c.imag())) *out++ = Char(' ');
*out++ = Char('i');
return out;
}
public:
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(parse_context<Char>& ctx) -> const Char* {
if (ctx.begin() == ctx.end() || *ctx.begin() == '}') return ctx.begin();
return parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs_, ctx,
detail::type_constant<T, Char>::value);
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const std::complex<T>& c, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
auto specs = specs_;
if (specs.dynamic()) {
detail::handle_dynamic_spec(specs.dynamic_width(), specs.width,
specs.width_ref, ctx);
detail::handle_dynamic_spec(specs.dynamic_precision(), specs.precision,
specs.precision_ref, ctx);
}
if (specs.width == 0) return do_format(c, specs, ctx, ctx.out());
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
auto outer_specs = format_specs();
outer_specs.width = specs.width;
outer_specs.copy_fill_from(specs);
outer_specs.set_align(specs.align());
specs.width = 0;
specs.set_fill({});
specs.set_align(align::none);
do_format(c, specs, ctx, basic_appender<Char>(buf));
return detail::write<Char>(ctx.out(),
basic_string_view<Char>(buf.data(), buf.size()),
outer_specs);
}
};
template <typename T, typename Char>
struct formatter<std::reference_wrapper<T>, Char,
// Guard against format_as because reference_wrapper is
// implicitly convertible to T&.
enable_if_t<is_formattable<remove_cvref_t<T>, Char>::value &&
!detail::has_format_as<T>::value &&
!detail::has_format_as_member<T>::value>>
: formatter<remove_cvref_t<T>, Char> {
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(std::reference_wrapper<T> ref, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return formatter<remove_cvref_t<T>, Char>::format(ref.get(), ctx);
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_STD_H_

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// Formatting library for C++ - optional wchar_t and exotic character support
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_XCHAR_H_
#define FMT_XCHAR_H_
#include "color.h"
#include "format.h"
#include "ostream.h"
#include "ranges.h"
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <cwchar>
# if FMT_USE_LOCALE
# include <locale>
# endif
#endif
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace detail {
template <typename T>
using is_exotic_char = bool_constant<!std::is_same<T, char>::value>;
template <typename S, typename = void> struct format_string_char {};
template <typename S>
struct format_string_char<
S, void_t<decltype(sizeof(detail::to_string_view(std::declval<S>())))>> {
using type = char_t<S>;
};
template <typename S>
struct format_string_char<
S, enable_if_t<std::is_base_of<detail::compile_string, S>::value>> {
using type = typename S::char_type;
};
template <typename S>
using format_string_char_t = typename format_string_char<S>::type;
inline auto write_loc(basic_appender<wchar_t> out, loc_value value,
const format_specs& specs, locale_ref loc) -> bool {
#if FMT_USE_LOCALE
auto& numpunct =
std::use_facet<std::numpunct<wchar_t>>(loc.get<std::locale>());
auto separator = std::wstring();
auto grouping = numpunct.grouping();
if (!grouping.empty()) separator = std::wstring(1, numpunct.thousands_sep());
return value.visit(loc_writer<wchar_t>{out, specs, separator, grouping, {}});
#endif
return false;
}
template <typename Char>
void vformat_to(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>> args,
locale_ref loc = {}) {
static_assert(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value, "");
auto out = basic_appender<Char>(buf);
parse_format_string(
fmt, format_handler<Char>{parse_context<Char>(fmt), {out, args, loc}});
}
} // namespace detail
FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
using wstring_view = basic_string_view<wchar_t>;
using wformat_parse_context = parse_context<wchar_t>;
using wformat_context = buffered_context<wchar_t>;
using wformat_args = basic_format_args<wformat_context>;
using wmemory_buffer = basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t>;
template <typename Char, typename... T> struct basic_fstring {
private:
basic_string_view<Char> str_;
static constexpr int num_static_named_args =
detail::count_static_named_args<T...>();
using checker = detail::format_string_checker<
Char, static_cast<int>(sizeof...(T)), num_static_named_args,
num_static_named_args != detail::count_named_args<T...>()>;
using arg_pack = detail::arg_pack<T...>;
public:
using t = basic_fstring;
template <typename S,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(
std::is_convertible<const S&, basic_string_view<Char>>::value)>
FMT_CONSTEVAL FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE basic_fstring(const S& s) : str_(s) {
if (FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL)
detail::parse_format_string<Char>(s, checker(s, arg_pack()));
}
template <typename S,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_base_of<detail::compile_string, S>::value&&
std::is_same<typename S::char_type, Char>::value)>
FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE basic_fstring(const S&) : str_(S()) {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto sv = basic_string_view<Char>(S());
FMT_CONSTEXPR int ignore =
(parse_format_string(sv, checker(sv, arg_pack())), 0);
detail::ignore_unused(ignore);
}
basic_fstring(runtime_format_string<Char> fmt) : str_(fmt.str) {}
operator basic_string_view<Char>() const { return str_; }
auto get() const -> basic_string_view<Char> { return str_; }
};
template <typename Char, typename... T>
using basic_format_string = basic_fstring<Char, T...>;
template <typename... T>
using wformat_string = typename basic_format_string<wchar_t, T...>::t;
inline auto runtime(wstring_view s) -> runtime_format_string<wchar_t> {
return {{s}};
}
template <typename... T>
constexpr auto make_wformat_args(T&... args)
-> decltype(fmt::make_format_args<wformat_context>(args...)) {
return fmt::make_format_args<wformat_context>(args...);
}
#if !FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
inline namespace literals {
inline auto operator""_a(const wchar_t* s, size_t) -> detail::udl_arg<wchar_t> {
return {s};
}
} // namespace literals
#endif
template <typename It, typename Sentinel>
auto join(It begin, Sentinel end, wstring_view sep)
-> join_view<It, Sentinel, wchar_t> {
return {begin, end, sep};
}
template <typename Range, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_tuple_like<Range>::value)>
auto join(Range&& range, wstring_view sep)
-> join_view<decltype(std::begin(range)), decltype(std::end(range)),
wchar_t> {
return join(std::begin(range), std::end(range), sep);
}
template <typename T>
auto join(std::initializer_list<T> list, wstring_view sep)
-> join_view<const T*, const T*, wchar_t> {
return join(std::begin(list), std::end(list), sep);
}
template <typename Tuple, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_tuple_like<Tuple>::value)>
auto join(const Tuple& tuple, basic_string_view<wchar_t> sep)
-> tuple_join_view<Tuple, wchar_t> {
return {tuple, sep};
}
template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
auto vformat(basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>> args)
-> std::basic_string<Char> {
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args);
return {buf.data(), buf.size()};
}
template <typename... T>
auto format(wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) -> std::wstring {
return vformat(fmt::wstring_view(fmt), fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename... T>
auto format_to(OutputIt out, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
-> OutputIt {
return vformat_to(out, fmt::wstring_view(fmt),
fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
}
// Pass char_t as a default template parameter instead of using
// std::basic_string<char_t<S>> to reduce the symbol size.
template <typename S, typename... T,
typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value &&
!std::is_same<Char, wchar_t>::value)>
auto format(const S& fmt, T&&... args) -> std::basic_string<Char> {
return vformat(detail::to_string_view(fmt),
fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
}
template <typename S, typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
inline auto vformat(locale_ref loc, const S& fmt,
basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>> args)
-> std::basic_string<Char> {
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
detail::vformat_to(buf, detail::to_string_view(fmt), args, loc);
return {buf.data(), buf.size()};
}
template <typename S, typename... T,
typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
inline auto format(locale_ref loc, const S& fmt, T&&... args)
-> std::basic_string<Char> {
return vformat(loc, detail::to_string_view(fmt),
fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename S,
typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value&&
detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, const S& fmt,
basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>> args) -> OutputIt {
auto&& buf = detail::get_buffer<Char>(out);
detail::vformat_to(buf, detail::to_string_view(fmt), args);
return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... T,
typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value &&
!std::is_same<Char, char>::value &&
!std::is_same<Char, wchar_t>::value)>
inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, const S& fmt, T&&... args) -> OutputIt {
return vformat_to(out, detail::to_string_view(fmt),
fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
}
template <typename S, typename OutputIt, typename... Args,
typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value&&
detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
inline auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, locale_ref loc, const S& fmt,
basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>> args)
-> OutputIt {
auto&& buf = detail::get_buffer<Char>(out);
vformat_to(buf, detail::to_string_view(fmt), args, loc);
return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... T,
typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
bool enable = detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value &&
detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value>
inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, locale_ref loc, const S& fmt, T&&... args)
-> typename std::enable_if<enable, OutputIt>::type {
return vformat_to(out, loc, detail::to_string_view(fmt),
fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename... Args,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value&&
detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
inline auto vformat_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>> args)
-> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
using traits = detail::fixed_buffer_traits;
auto buf = detail::iterator_buffer<OutputIt, Char, traits>(out, n);
detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args);
return {buf.out(), buf.count()};
}
template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... T,
typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value&&
detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
inline auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, const S& fmt, T&&... args)
-> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
return vformat_to_n(out, n, fmt::basic_string_view<Char>(fmt),
fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
}
template <typename S, typename... T,
typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
inline auto formatted_size(const S& fmt, T&&... args) -> size_t {
auto buf = detail::counting_buffer<Char>();
detail::vformat_to(buf, detail::to_string_view(fmt),
fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
return buf.count();
}
inline void vprint(std::FILE* f, wstring_view fmt, wformat_args args) {
auto buf = wmemory_buffer();
detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args);
buf.push_back(L'\0');
if (std::fputws(buf.data(), f) == -1)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot write to file")));
}
inline void vprint(wstring_view fmt, wformat_args args) {
vprint(stdout, fmt, args);
}
template <typename... T>
void print(std::FILE* f, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
return vprint(f, wstring_view(fmt), fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
}
template <typename... T> void print(wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
return vprint(wstring_view(fmt), fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
}
template <typename... T>
void println(std::FILE* f, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
return print(f, L"{}\n", fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...));
}
template <typename... T> void println(wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
return print(L"{}\n", fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...));
}
inline auto vformat(text_style ts, wstring_view fmt, wformat_args args)
-> std::wstring {
auto buf = wmemory_buffer();
detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, fmt, args);
return {buf.data(), buf.size()};
}
template <typename... T>
inline auto format(text_style ts, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
-> std::wstring {
return fmt::vformat(ts, fmt, fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
}
inline void vprint(std::wostream& os, wstring_view fmt, wformat_args args) {
auto buffer = basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t>();
detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
detail::write_buffer(os, buffer);
}
template <typename... T>
void print(std::wostream& os, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
vprint(os, fmt, fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<wchar_t>>(args...));
}
template <typename... T>
void println(std::wostream& os, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
print(os, L"{}\n", fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...));
}
/// Converts `value` to `std::wstring` using the default format for type `T`.
template <typename T> inline auto to_wstring(const T& value) -> std::wstring {
return format(FMT_STRING(L"{}"), value);
}
FMT_END_EXPORT
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_XCHAR_H_

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/*
A C++ interface to POSIX functions.
Copyright (c) 2014 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
// Disable bogus MSVC warnings.
#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
# define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#endif
#include "posix.h"
#include <limits.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#ifndef _WIN32
# include <unistd.h>
#else
# include <windows.h>
# include <io.h>
# define O_CREAT _O_CREAT
# define O_TRUNC _O_TRUNC
#ifndef S_IRUSR
# define S_IRUSR _S_IREAD
#endif
#ifndef S_IWUSR
# define S_IWUSR _S_IWRITE
#endif
# ifdef __MINGW32__
# define _SH_DENYNO 0x40
# endif
#endif // _WIN32
namespace {
#ifdef _WIN32
// Return type of read and write functions.
typedef int RWResult;
// On Windows the count argument to read and write is unsigned, so convert
// it from size_t preventing integer overflow.
inline unsigned convert_rwcount(std::size_t count) {
return count <= UINT_MAX ? static_cast<unsigned>(count) : UINT_MAX;
}
#else
// Return type of read and write functions.
typedef ssize_t RWResult;
inline std::size_t convert_rwcount(std::size_t count) { return count; }
#endif
}
fmt::BufferedFile::~BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
if (file_ && FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_)) != 0)
fmt::report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
}
fmt::BufferedFile::BufferedFile(fmt::StringRef filename, fmt::StringRef mode) {
FMT_RETRY_VAL(file_, FMT_SYSTEM(fopen(filename.c_str(), mode.c_str())), 0);
if (!file_)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot open file {}", filename);
}
void fmt::BufferedFile::close() {
if (!file_)
return;
int result = FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_));
file_ = 0;
if (result != 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot close file");
}
int fmt::BufferedFile::fileno() const {
int fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fileno(file_));
if (fd == -1)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get file descriptor");
return fd;
}
fmt::File::File(fmt::StringRef path, int oflag) {
int mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
#ifdef _WIN32
fd_ = -1;
FMT_POSIX_CALL(sopen_s(&fd_, path.c_str(), oflag, _SH_DENYNO, mode));
#else
FMT_RETRY(fd_, FMT_POSIX_CALL(open(path.c_str(), oflag, mode)));
#endif
if (fd_ == -1)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot open file {}", path);
}
fmt::File::~File() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
// Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
// See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
if (fd_ != -1 && FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_)) != 0)
fmt::report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
}
void fmt::File::close() {
if (fd_ == -1)
return;
// Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
// See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_));
fd_ = -1;
if (result != 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot close file");
}
fmt::LongLong fmt::File::size() const {
#ifdef _WIN32
LARGE_INTEGER filesize = {};
HANDLE handle = reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(_get_osfhandle(fd_));
if (!FMT_SYSTEM(GetFileSizeEx(handle, &filesize)))
throw WindowsError(GetLastError(), "cannot get file size");
FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(fmt::LongLong) >= sizeof(filesize.QuadPart),
"return type of File::size is not large enough");
return filesize.QuadPart;
#else
typedef struct stat Stat;
Stat file_stat = Stat();
if (FMT_POSIX_CALL(fstat(fd_, &file_stat)) == -1)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get file attributes");
FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(fmt::LongLong) >= sizeof(file_stat.st_size),
"return type of File::size is not large enough");
return file_stat.st_size;
#endif
}
std::size_t fmt::File::read(void *buffer, std::size_t count) {
RWResult result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(read(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
if (result < 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot read from file");
return result;
}
std::size_t fmt::File::write(const void *buffer, std::size_t count) {
RWResult result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(write(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
if (result < 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot write to file");
return result;
}
fmt::File fmt::File::dup(int fd) {
// Don't retry as dup doesn't return EINTR.
// http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/dup.html
int new_fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup(fd));
if (new_fd == -1)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot duplicate file descriptor {}", fd);
return File(new_fd);
}
void fmt::File::dup2(int fd) {
int result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
if (result == -1) {
throw SystemError(errno,
"cannot duplicate file descriptor {} to {}", fd_, fd);
}
}
void fmt::File::dup2(int fd, ErrorCode &ec) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
int result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
if (result == -1)
ec = ErrorCode(errno);
}
void fmt::File::pipe(File &read_end, File &write_end) {
// Close the descriptors first to make sure that assignments don't throw
// and there are no leaks.
read_end.close();
write_end.close();
int fds[2] = {};
#ifdef _WIN32
// Make the default pipe capacity same as on Linux 2.6.11+.
enum { DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 65536 };
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds, DEFAULT_CAPACITY, _O_BINARY));
#else
// Don't retry as the pipe function doesn't return EINTR.
// http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009696799/functions/pipe.html
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds));
#endif
if (result != 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot create pipe");
// The following assignments don't throw because read_fd and write_fd
// are closed.
read_end = File(fds[0]);
write_end = File(fds[1]);
}
fmt::BufferedFile fmt::File::fdopen(const char *mode) {
// Don't retry as fdopen doesn't return EINTR.
FILE *f = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fdopen(fd_, mode));
if (!f)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot associate stream with file descriptor");
BufferedFile file(f);
fd_ = -1;
return file;
}
long fmt::getpagesize() {
#ifdef _WIN32
SYSTEM_INFO si;
GetSystemInfo(&si);
return si.dwPageSize;
#else
long size = FMT_POSIX_CALL(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE));
if (size < 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get memory page size");
return size;
#endif
}

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/*
A C++ interface to POSIX functions.
Copyright (c) 2014 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef FMT_POSIX_H_
#define FMT_POSIX_H_
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h> // for O_RDONLY
#include <stdio.h>
#include <cstddef>
#include "format.h"
#ifdef FMT_INCLUDE_POSIX_TEST
# include "test/posix-test.h"
#endif
#ifndef FMT_POSIX
# ifdef _WIN32
// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
# define FMT_POSIX(call) _##call
# else
# define FMT_POSIX(call) call
# endif
#endif
// Calls to system functions are wrapped in FMT_SYSTEM for testability.
#ifdef FMT_SYSTEM
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) FMT_SYSTEM(call)
#else
# define FMT_SYSTEM(call) call
# ifdef _WIN32
// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::_##call
# else
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::call
# endif
#endif
#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 407
# define FMT_UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
#else
# define FMT_UNUSED
#endif
#if FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT || FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(cxx_static_assert) || \
(FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 403 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || _MSC_VER >= 1600
# define FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(cond, message) static_assert(cond, message)
#else
# define FMT_CONCAT_(a, b) FMT_CONCAT(a, b)
# define FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(cond, message) \
typedef int FMT_CONCAT_(Assert, __LINE__)[(cond) ? 1 : -1] FMT_UNUSED
#endif
// Retries the expression while it evaluates to error_result and errno
// equals to EINTR.
#ifndef _WIN32
# define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) \
do { \
result = (expression); \
} while (result == error_result && errno == EINTR)
#else
# define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) result = (expression)
#endif
#define FMT_RETRY(result, expression) FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, -1)
namespace fmt {
// An error code.
class ErrorCode {
private:
int value_;
public:
explicit ErrorCode(int value = 0) FMT_NOEXCEPT : value_(value) {}
int get() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return value_; }
};
// A buffered file.
class BufferedFile {
private:
FILE *file_;
friend class File;
explicit BufferedFile(FILE *f) : file_(f) {}
public:
// Constructs a BufferedFile object which doesn't represent any file.
BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(0) {}
// Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
~BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
// Emulate a move constructor and a move assignment operator if rvalue
// references are not supported.
private:
// A proxy object to emulate a move constructor.
// It is private to make it impossible call operator Proxy directly.
struct Proxy {
FILE *file;
};
public:
// A "move constructor" for moving from a temporary.
BufferedFile(Proxy p) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(p.file) {}
// A "move constructor" for for moving from an lvalue.
BufferedFile(BufferedFile &f) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(f.file_) {
f.file_ = 0;
}
// A "move assignment operator" for moving from a temporary.
BufferedFile &operator=(Proxy p) {
close();
file_ = p.file;
return *this;
}
// A "move assignment operator" for moving from an lvalue.
BufferedFile &operator=(BufferedFile &other) {
close();
file_ = other.file_;
other.file_ = 0;
return *this;
}
// Returns a proxy object for moving from a temporary:
// BufferedFile file = BufferedFile(...);
operator Proxy() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
Proxy p = {file_};
file_ = 0;
return p;
}
#else
private:
FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(BufferedFile);
public:
BufferedFile(BufferedFile &&other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(other.file_) {
other.file_ = 0;
}
BufferedFile& operator=(BufferedFile &&other) {
close();
file_ = other.file_;
other.file_ = 0;
return *this;
}
#endif
// Opens a file.
BufferedFile(fmt::StringRef filename, fmt::StringRef mode);
// Closes the file.
void close();
// Returns the pointer to a FILE object representing this file.
FILE *get() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return file_; }
int fileno() const;
void print(fmt::StringRef format_str, const ArgList &args) {
fmt::print(file_, format_str, args);
}
FMT_VARIADIC(void, print, fmt::StringRef)
};
// A file. Closed file is represented by a File object with descriptor -1.
// Methods that are not declared with FMT_NOEXCEPT may throw
// fmt::SystemError in case of failure. Note that some errors such as
// closing the file multiple times will cause a crash on Windows rather
// than an exception. You can get standard behavior by overriding the
// invalid parameter handler with _set_invalid_parameter_handler.
class File {
private:
int fd_; // File descriptor.
// Constructs a File object with a given descriptor.
explicit File(int fd) : fd_(fd) {}
public:
// Possible values for the oflag argument to the constructor.
enum {
RDONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_RDONLY), // Open for reading only.
WRONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_WRONLY), // Open for writing only.
RDWR = FMT_POSIX(O_RDWR) // Open for reading and writing.
};
// Constructs a File object which doesn't represent any file.
File() FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(-1) {}
// Opens a file and constructs a File object representing this file.
File(fmt::StringRef path, int oflag);
#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
// Emulate a move constructor and a move assignment operator if rvalue
// references are not supported.
private:
// A proxy object to emulate a move constructor.
// It is private to make it impossible call operator Proxy directly.
struct Proxy {
int fd;
};
public:
// A "move constructor" for moving from a temporary.
File(Proxy p) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(p.fd) {}
// A "move constructor" for for moving from an lvalue.
File(File &other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(other.fd_) {
other.fd_ = -1;
}
// A "move assignment operator" for moving from a temporary.
File &operator=(Proxy p) {
close();
fd_ = p.fd;
return *this;
}
// A "move assignment operator" for moving from an lvalue.
File &operator=(File &other) {
close();
fd_ = other.fd_;
other.fd_ = -1;
return *this;
}
// Returns a proxy object for moving from a temporary:
// File file = File(...);
operator Proxy() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
Proxy p = {fd_};
fd_ = -1;
return p;
}
#else
private:
FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(File);
public:
File(File &&other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(other.fd_) {
other.fd_ = -1;
}
File& operator=(File &&other) {
close();
fd_ = other.fd_;
other.fd_ = -1;
return *this;
}
#endif
// Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
~File() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
// Returns the file descriptor.
int descriptor() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return fd_; }
// Closes the file.
void close();
// Returns the file size.
fmt::LongLong size() const;
// Attempts to read count bytes from the file into the specified buffer.
std::size_t read(void *buffer, std::size_t count);
// Attempts to write count bytes from the specified buffer to the file.
std::size_t write(const void *buffer, std::size_t count);
// Duplicates a file descriptor with the dup function and returns
// the duplicate as a file object.
static File dup(int fd);
// Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
// necessary.
void dup2(int fd);
// Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
// necessary.
void dup2(int fd, ErrorCode &ec) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
// Creates a pipe setting up read_end and write_end file objects for reading
// and writing respectively.
static void pipe(File &read_end, File &write_end);
// Creates a BufferedFile object associated with this file and detaches
// this File object from the file.
BufferedFile fdopen(const char *mode);
};
// Returns the memory page size.
long getpagesize();
} // namespace fmt
#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
namespace std {
// For compatibility with C++98.
inline fmt::BufferedFile &move(fmt::BufferedFile &f) { return f; }
inline fmt::File &move(fmt::File &f) { return f; }
}
#endif
#endif // FMT_POSIX_H_

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module;
#define FMT_MODULE
#ifdef _MSVC_LANG
# define FMT_CPLUSPLUS _MSVC_LANG
#else
# define FMT_CPLUSPLUS __cplusplus
#endif
// Put all implementation-provided headers into the global module fragment
// to prevent attachment to this module.
#ifndef FMT_IMPORT_STD
# include <algorithm>
# include <bitset>
# include <chrono>
# include <cmath>
# include <complex>
# include <cstddef>
# include <cstdint>
# include <cstdio>
# include <cstdlib>
# include <cstring>
# include <ctime>
# include <exception>
# if FMT_CPLUSPLUS > 202002L
# include <expected>
# endif
# include <filesystem>
# include <fstream>
# include <functional>
# include <iterator>
# include <limits>
# include <locale>
# include <memory>
# include <optional>
# include <ostream>
# include <source_location>
# include <stdexcept>
# include <string>
# include <string_view>
# include <system_error>
# include <thread>
# include <type_traits>
# include <typeinfo>
# include <utility>
# include <variant>
# include <vector>
#else
# include <limits.h>
# include <stdint.h>
# include <stdio.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <string.h>
# include <time.h>
#endif
#include <cerrno>
#include <climits>
#include <version>
#if __has_include(<cxxabi.h>)
# include <cxxabi.h>
#endif
#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
# include <intrin.h>
#endif
#if defined __APPLE__ || defined(__FreeBSD__)
# include <xlocale.h>
#endif
#if __has_include(<winapifamily.h>)
# include <winapifamily.h>
#endif
#if (__has_include(<fcntl.h>) || defined(__APPLE__) || \
defined(__linux__)) && \
(!defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) || (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP))
# include <fcntl.h>
# include <sys/stat.h>
# include <sys/types.h>
# ifndef _WIN32
# include <unistd.h>
# else
# include <io.h>
# endif
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
# if defined(__GLIBCXX__)
# include <ext/stdio_filebuf.h>
# include <ext/stdio_sync_filebuf.h>
# endif
# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
# include <windows.h>
#endif
export module fmt;
#ifdef FMT_IMPORT_STD
import std;
#endif
#define FMT_EXPORT export
#define FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT export {
#define FMT_END_EXPORT }
// If you define FMT_ATTACH_TO_GLOBAL_MODULE
// - all declarations are detached from module 'fmt'
// - the module behaves like a traditional static library, too
// - all library symbols are mangled traditionally
// - you can mix TUs with either importing or #including the {fmt} API
#ifdef FMT_ATTACH_TO_GLOBAL_MODULE
extern "C++" {
#endif
#ifndef FMT_OS
# define FMT_OS 1
#endif
// All library-provided declarations and definitions must be in the module
// purview to be exported.
#include "fmt/args.h"
#include "fmt/chrono.h"
#include "fmt/color.h"
#include "fmt/compile.h"
#include "fmt/format.h"
#if FMT_OS
# include "fmt/os.h"
#endif
#include "fmt/ostream.h"
#include "fmt/printf.h"
#include "fmt/ranges.h"
#include "fmt/std.h"
#include "fmt/xchar.h"
#ifdef FMT_ATTACH_TO_GLOBAL_MODULE
}
#endif
// gcc doesn't yet implement private module fragments
#if !FMT_GCC_VERSION
module :private;
#endif
#ifdef FMT_ATTACH_TO_GLOBAL_MODULE
extern "C++" {
#endif
#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("format.cc")
# include "format.cc"
#endif
#if FMT_OS && FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("os.cc")
# include "os.cc"
#endif
#ifdef FMT_ATTACH_TO_GLOBAL_MODULE
}
#endif

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// Formatting library for C++
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#include "fmt/format-inl.h"
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
#if FMT_USE_LOCALE
template FMT_API locale_ref::locale_ref(const std::locale& loc); // DEPRECATED!
template FMT_API auto locale_ref::get<std::locale>() const -> std::locale;
#endif
namespace detail {
template FMT_API auto dragonbox::to_decimal(float x) noexcept
-> dragonbox::decimal_fp<float>;
template FMT_API auto dragonbox::to_decimal(double x) noexcept
-> dragonbox::decimal_fp<double>;
// Explicit instantiations for char.
template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref)
-> thousands_sep_result<char>;
template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> char;
// DEPRECATED!
template FMT_API void buffer<char>::append(const char*, const char*);
// Explicit instantiations for wchar_t.
template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref)
-> thousands_sep_result<wchar_t>;
template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> wchar_t;
// DEPRECATED!
template FMT_API void buffer<wchar_t>::append(const wchar_t*, const wchar_t*);
} // namespace detail
FMT_END_NAMESPACE

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// Formatting library for C++ - optional OS-specific functionality
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
// Disable bogus MSVC warnings.
#if !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS) && defined(_MSC_VER)
# define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#endif
#include "fmt/os.h"
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <climits>
# if FMT_USE_FCNTL
# include <sys/stat.h>
# include <sys/types.h>
# ifdef _WRS_KERNEL // VxWorks7 kernel
# include <ioLib.h> // getpagesize
# endif
# ifndef _WIN32
# include <unistd.h>
# else
# ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
# endif
# include <io.h>
# endif // _WIN32
# endif // FMT_USE_FCNTL
# ifdef _WIN32
# include <windows.h>
# endif
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
# ifndef S_IRUSR
# define S_IRUSR _S_IREAD
# endif
# ifndef S_IWUSR
# define S_IWUSR _S_IWRITE
# endif
# ifndef S_IRGRP
# define S_IRGRP 0
# endif
# ifndef S_IWGRP
# define S_IWGRP 0
# endif
# ifndef S_IROTH
# define S_IROTH 0
# endif
# ifndef S_IWOTH
# define S_IWOTH 0
# endif
#endif
namespace {
#ifdef _WIN32
// Return type of read and write functions.
using rwresult = int;
// On Windows the count argument to read and write is unsigned, so convert
// it from size_t preventing integer overflow.
inline unsigned convert_rwcount(size_t count) {
return count <= UINT_MAX ? static_cast<unsigned>(count) : UINT_MAX;
}
#elif FMT_USE_FCNTL
// Return type of read and write functions.
using rwresult = ssize_t;
inline auto convert_rwcount(size_t count) -> size_t { return count; }
#endif
} // namespace
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
#ifdef _WIN32
namespace detail {
class system_message {
system_message(const system_message&) = delete;
void operator=(const system_message&) = delete;
unsigned long result_;
wchar_t* message_;
static bool is_whitespace(wchar_t c) noexcept {
return c == L' ' || c == L'\n' || c == L'\r' || c == L'\t' || c == L'\0';
}
public:
explicit system_message(unsigned long error_code)
: result_(0), message_(nullptr) {
result_ = FormatMessageW(
FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |
FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
nullptr, error_code, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(&message_), 0, nullptr);
if (result_ != 0) {
while (result_ != 0 && is_whitespace(message_[result_ - 1])) {
--result_;
}
}
}
~system_message() { LocalFree(message_); }
explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return result_ != 0; }
operator basic_string_view<wchar_t>() const noexcept {
return basic_string_view<wchar_t>(message_, result_);
}
};
class utf8_system_category final : public std::error_category {
public:
const char* name() const noexcept override { return "system"; }
std::string message(int error_code) const override {
auto&& msg = system_message(error_code);
if (msg) {
auto utf8_message = to_utf8<wchar_t>();
if (utf8_message.convert(msg)) {
return utf8_message.str();
}
}
return "unknown error";
}
};
} // namespace detail
FMT_API const std::error_category& system_category() noexcept {
static const detail::utf8_system_category category;
return category;
}
std::system_error vwindows_error(int err_code, string_view format_str,
format_args args) {
auto ec = std::error_code(err_code, system_category());
return std::system_error(ec, vformat(format_str, args));
}
void detail::format_windows_error(detail::buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
const char* message) noexcept {
FMT_TRY {
auto&& msg = system_message(error_code);
if (msg) {
auto utf8_message = to_utf8<wchar_t>();
if (utf8_message.convert(msg)) {
fmt::format_to(appender(out), FMT_STRING("{}: {}"), message,
string_view(utf8_message));
return;
}
}
}
FMT_CATCH(...) {}
format_error_code(out, error_code, message);
}
void report_windows_error(int error_code, const char* message) noexcept {
do_report_error(detail::format_windows_error, error_code, message);
}
#endif // _WIN32
buffered_file::~buffered_file() noexcept {
if (file_ && FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_)) != 0)
report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
}
buffered_file::buffered_file(cstring_view filename, cstring_view mode) {
FMT_RETRY_VAL(file_, FMT_SYSTEM(fopen(filename.c_str(), mode.c_str())),
nullptr);
if (!file_)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot open file {}"),
filename.c_str()));
}
void buffered_file::close() {
if (!file_) return;
int result = FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_));
file_ = nullptr;
if (result != 0)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot close file")));
}
auto buffered_file::descriptor() const -> int {
#ifdef FMT_HAS_SYSTEM
// fileno is a macro on OpenBSD.
# ifdef fileno
# undef fileno
# endif
int fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fileno(file_));
#elif defined(_WIN32)
int fd = _fileno(file_);
#else
int fd = fileno(file_);
#endif
if (fd == -1)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot get file descriptor")));
return fd;
}
#if FMT_USE_FCNTL
# ifdef _WIN32
using mode_t = int;
# endif
constexpr mode_t default_open_mode =
S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IROTH | S_IWOTH;
file::file(cstring_view path, int oflag) {
# if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
fd_ = -1;
auto converted = detail::utf8_to_utf16(string_view(path.c_str()));
*this = file::open_windows_file(converted.c_str(), oflag);
# else
FMT_RETRY(fd_, FMT_POSIX_CALL(open(path.c_str(), oflag, default_open_mode)));
if (fd_ == -1)
FMT_THROW(
system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot open file {}"), path.c_str()));
# endif
}
file::~file() noexcept {
// Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
// See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
if (fd_ != -1 && FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_)) != 0)
report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
}
void file::close() {
if (fd_ == -1) return;
// Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
// See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_));
fd_ = -1;
if (result != 0)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot close file")));
}
auto file::size() const -> long long {
# ifdef _WIN32
// Use GetFileSize instead of GetFileSizeEx for the case when _WIN32_WINNT
// is less than 0x0500 as is the case with some default MinGW builds.
// Both functions support large file sizes.
DWORD size_upper = 0;
HANDLE handle = reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(_get_osfhandle(fd_));
DWORD size_lower = FMT_SYSTEM(GetFileSize(handle, &size_upper));
if (size_lower == INVALID_FILE_SIZE) {
DWORD error = GetLastError();
if (error != NO_ERROR)
FMT_THROW(windows_error(error, "cannot get file size"));
}
unsigned long long long_size = size_upper;
return (long_size << sizeof(DWORD) * CHAR_BIT) | size_lower;
# else
using Stat = struct stat;
Stat file_stat = Stat();
if (FMT_POSIX_CALL(fstat(fd_, &file_stat)) == -1)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot get file attributes")));
static_assert(sizeof(long long) >= sizeof(file_stat.st_size),
"return type of file::size is not large enough");
return file_stat.st_size;
# endif
}
auto file::read(void* buffer, size_t count) -> size_t {
rwresult result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(read(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
if (result < 0)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot read from file")));
return detail::to_unsigned(result);
}
auto file::write(const void* buffer, size_t count) -> size_t {
rwresult result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(write(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
if (result < 0)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot write to file")));
return detail::to_unsigned(result);
}
auto file::dup(int fd) -> file {
// Don't retry as dup doesn't return EINTR.
// http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/dup.html
int new_fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup(fd));
if (new_fd == -1)
FMT_THROW(system_error(
errno, FMT_STRING("cannot duplicate file descriptor {}"), fd));
return file(new_fd);
}
void file::dup2(int fd) {
int result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
if (result == -1) {
FMT_THROW(system_error(
errno, FMT_STRING("cannot duplicate file descriptor {} to {}"), fd_,
fd));
}
}
void file::dup2(int fd, std::error_code& ec) noexcept {
int result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
if (result == -1) ec = std::error_code(errno, std::generic_category());
}
auto file::fdopen(const char* mode) -> buffered_file {
// Don't retry as fdopen doesn't return EINTR.
# if defined(__MINGW32__) && defined(_POSIX_)
FILE* f = ::fdopen(fd_, mode);
# else
FILE* f = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fdopen(fd_, mode));
# endif
if (!f) {
FMT_THROW(system_error(
errno, FMT_STRING("cannot associate stream with file descriptor")));
}
buffered_file bf(f);
fd_ = -1;
return bf;
}
# if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
file file::open_windows_file(wcstring_view path, int oflag) {
int fd = -1;
auto err = _wsopen_s(&fd, path.c_str(), oflag, _SH_DENYNO, default_open_mode);
if (fd == -1) {
FMT_THROW(system_error(err, FMT_STRING("cannot open file {}"),
detail::to_utf8<wchar_t>(path.c_str()).c_str()));
}
return file(fd);
}
# endif
pipe::pipe() {
int fds[2] = {};
# ifdef _WIN32
// Make the default pipe capacity same as on Linux 2.6.11+.
enum { DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 65536 };
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds, DEFAULT_CAPACITY, _O_BINARY));
# else
// Don't retry as the pipe function doesn't return EINTR.
// http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009696799/functions/pipe.html
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds));
# endif
if (result != 0)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot create pipe")));
// The following assignments don't throw.
read_end = file(fds[0]);
write_end = file(fds[1]);
}
# if !defined(__MSDOS__)
auto getpagesize() -> long {
# ifdef _WIN32
SYSTEM_INFO si;
GetSystemInfo(&si);
return si.dwPageSize;
# else
# ifdef _WRS_KERNEL
long size = FMT_POSIX_CALL(getpagesize());
# else
long size = FMT_POSIX_CALL(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE));
# endif
if (size < 0)
FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot get memory page size")));
return size;
# endif
}
# endif
void ostream::grow(buffer<char>& buf, size_t) {
if (buf.size() == buf.capacity()) static_cast<ostream&>(buf).flush();
}
ostream::ostream(cstring_view path, const detail::ostream_params& params)
: buffer<char>(grow), file_(path, params.oflag) {
set(new char[params.buffer_size], params.buffer_size);
}
ostream::ostream(ostream&& other) noexcept
: buffer<char>(grow, other.data(), other.size(), other.capacity()),
file_(std::move(other.file_)) {
other.clear();
other.set(nullptr, 0);
}
ostream::~ostream() {
flush();
delete[] data();
}
#endif // FMT_USE_FCNTL
FMT_END_NAMESPACE

1
support/AndroidManifest.xml
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@ -1 +0,0 @@
<manifest package="dev.fmt" />

2061
support/C++.sublime-syntax
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File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

19
support/Vagrantfile vendored
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@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :
# A vagrant config for testing against gcc-4.8.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "bento/ubuntu-22.04-arm64"
config.vm.provider "vmware_desktop" do |vb|
vb.memory = "4096"
end
config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
apt-get update
apt-get install -y g++ make wget git
wget -q https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.26.0/cmake-3.26.0-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz
tar xzf cmake-3.26.0-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz
ln -s `pwd`/cmake-3.26.0-Linux-x86_64/bin/cmake /usr/local/bin
SHELL
end

30
support/appveyor-build.py Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
# Build the project on AppVeyor.
import os
from download import Downloader
from subprocess import check_call
build = os.environ['BUILD']
cmake_command = ['cmake', '-DFMT_EXTRA_TESTS=ON', '-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=' + os.environ['CONFIG']]
build_command = ['msbuild', '/m:4', '/p:Config=' + os.environ['CONFIG'], 'FORMAT.sln']
test_command = ['msbuild', 'RUN_TESTS.vcxproj']
if build == 'mingw':
# Install MinGW.
mingw_url = 'http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mingw-w64/' + \
'Toolchains%20targetting%20Win64/Personal%20Builds/mingw-builds/' + \
'4.9.2/threads-win32/seh/x86_64-4.9.2-release-win32-seh-rt_v3-rev1.7z'
with Downloader().download(mingw_url) as f:
check_call(['7z', 'x', '-oC:\\', f])
# Remove path to Git bin directory from $PATH because it breaks MinGW config.
path = os.environ['PATH'].replace(r'C:\Program Files (x86)\Git\bin', '')
os.environ['PATH'] = r'C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBUILD\12.0\bin\;' + path + r';C:\mingw64\bin'
cmake_command.append('-GMinGW Makefiles')
build_command = ['mingw32-make', '-j4']
test_command = ['mingw32-make', 'test']
check_call(cmake_command)
check_call(build_command)
check_call(test_command)

13
support/biicode-build.py Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python
# Build the project with Biicode.
import glob, os, shutil
from subprocess import check_call
project_dir = 'biicode_project'
check_call(['bii', 'init', project_dir])
cppformat_dir = os.path.join(project_dir, 'blocks/vitaut/cppformat')
shutil.copytree('.', cppformat_dir, ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns(project_dir))
for f in glob.glob('support/biicode/*'):
shutil.copy(f, cppformat_dir)
check_call(['bii', 'cpp:build'], cwd=project_dir)

19
support/biicode/biicode.conf Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
# Biicode configuration file
[paths]
# Local directories to look for headers (within block)
/
[dependencies]
# Manual adjust file implicit dependencies, add (+), remove (-), or overwrite (=)
CMakeLists.txt + cmake/FindSetEnv.cmake
format.h = format.cc
format.cc - test/* posix.cc
support/biicode/sample.cc - test/*
[mains]
# Manual adjust of files that define an executable
!test/test-main.cc
[parent]
vitaut/cppformat: 0

3
support/biicode/ignore.bii Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
doc/*
breathe/*
gmock/*

17
support/biicode/sample.cc Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
#include "vitaut/cppformat/format.h"
class Date {
int year_, month_, day_;
public:
Date(int year, int month, int day) : year_(year), month_(month), day_(day) {}
friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Date &d) {
return os << d.year_ << '-' << d.month_ << '-' << d.day_;
}
};
int main() {
std::string s = fmt::format("The date is {}", Date(2012, 12, 9));
fmt::print("Hello, {}!", "world"); // uses Python-like format string syntax
fmt::printf("\n%s", s); // uses printf format string syntax
}

132
support/build.gradle
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@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
import java.nio.file.Paths
// General gradle arguments for root project
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
//
// https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/gradle-plugin#updating-gradle
//
// Notice that 4.0.0 here is the version of [Android Gradle Plugin]
// According to URL above you will need Gradle 6.1 or higher
//
classpath "com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.1.1"
}
}
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
// Project's root where CMakeLists.txt exists: rootDir/support/.cxx -> rootDir
def rootDir = Paths.get(project.buildDir.getParent()).getParent()
println("rootDir: ${rootDir}")
// Output: Shared library (.so) for Android
apply plugin: "com.android.library"
android {
compileSdkVersion 25 // Android 7.0
// Target ABI
// - This option controls target platform of module
// - The platform might be limited by compiler's support
// some can work with Clang(default), but some can work only with GCC...
// if bad, both toolchains might not support it
splits {
abi {
enable true
// Specify platforms for Application
reset()
include "arm64-v8a", "armeabi-v7a", "x86_64"
}
}
ndkVersion "21.3.6528147" // ANDROID_NDK_HOME is deprecated. Be explicit
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 21 // Android 5.0+
targetSdkVersion 25 // Follow Compile SDK
versionCode 34 // Follow release count
versionName "7.1.2" // Follow Official version
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
arguments "-DANDROID_STL=c++_shared" // Specify Android STL
arguments "-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=true" // Build shared object
arguments "-DFMT_TEST=false" // Skip test
arguments "-DFMT_DOC=false" // Skip document
cppFlags "-std=c++17"
targets "fmt"
}
}
println(externalNativeBuild.cmake.cppFlags)
println(externalNativeBuild.cmake.arguments)
}
// External Native build
// - Use existing CMakeList.txt
// - Give path to CMake. This gradle file should be
// neighbor of the top level cmake
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
version "3.10.0+"
path "${rootDir}/CMakeLists.txt"
// buildStagingDirectory "./build" // Custom path for cmake output
}
}
sourceSets{
// Android Manifest for Gradle
main {
manifest.srcFile "AndroidManifest.xml"
}
}
// https://developer.android.com/studio/build/native-dependencies#build_system_configuration
buildFeatures {
prefab true
prefabPublishing true
}
prefab {
fmt {
headers "${rootDir}/include"
}
}
}
assemble.doLast
{
// Instead of `ninja install`, Gradle will deploy the files.
// We are doing this since FMT is dependent to the ANDROID_STL after build
copy {
from "build/intermediates/cmake"
into "${rootDir}/libs"
}
// Copy debug binaries
copy {
from "${rootDir}/libs/debug/obj"
into "${rootDir}/libs/debug"
}
// Copy Release binaries
copy {
from "${rootDir}/libs/release/obj"
into "${rootDir}/libs/release"
}
// Remove empty directory
delete "${rootDir}/libs/debug/obj"
delete "${rootDir}/libs/release/obj"
// Copy AAR files. Notice that the aar is named after the folder of this script.
copy {
from "build/outputs/aar/support-release.aar"
into "${rootDir}/libs"
rename "support-release.aar", "fmt-release.aar"
}
copy {
from "build/outputs/aar/support-debug.aar"
into "${rootDir}/libs"
rename "support-debug.aar", "fmt-debug.aar"
}
}

43
support/check-commits
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@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Compile source on a range of commits
Usage:
check-commits <start> <source>
"""
import docopt, os, sys, tempfile
from subprocess import check_call, check_output, run
args = docopt.docopt(__doc__)
start = args.get('<start>')
source = args.get('<source>')
cwd = os.getcwd()
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as work_dir:
check_call(['git', 'clone', 'https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt.git'],
cwd=work_dir)
repo_dir = os.path.join(work_dir, 'fmt')
commits = check_output(
['git', 'rev-list', f'{start}..HEAD', '--abbrev-commit',
'--', 'include', 'src'],
text=True, cwd=repo_dir).rstrip().split('\n')
commits.reverse()
print('Time\tCommit')
for commit in commits:
check_call(['git', '-c', 'advice.detachedHead=false', 'checkout', commit],
cwd=repo_dir)
returncode = run(
['c++', '-std=c++11', '-O3', '-DNDEBUG', '-I', 'include',
'src/format.cc', os.path.join(cwd, source)], cwd=repo_dir).returncode
if returncode != 0:
continue
times = []
for i in range(5):
output = check_output([os.path.join(repo_dir, 'a.out')], text=True)
times.append(float(output))
message = check_output(['git', 'log', '-1', '--pretty=format:%s', commit],
cwd=repo_dir, text=True)
print(f'{min(times)}\t{commit} {message[:40]}')
sys.stdout.flush()

26
support/cmake/JoinPaths.cmake
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@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
# This module provides function for joining paths
# known from from most languages
#
# Original license:
# SPDX-License-Identifier: (MIT OR CC0-1.0)
# Explicit permission given to distribute this module under
# the terms of the project as described in /LICENSE.rst.
# Copyright 2020 Jan Tojnar
# https://github.com/jtojnar/cmake-snips
#
# Modelled after Python’s os.path.join
# https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/os.path.html#os.path.join
# Windows not supported
function(join_paths joined_path first_path_segment)
set(temp_path "${first_path_segment}")
foreach(current_segment IN LISTS ARGN)
if(NOT ("${current_segment}" STREQUAL ""))
if(IS_ABSOLUTE "${current_segment}")
set(temp_path "${current_segment}")
else()
set(temp_path "${temp_path}/${current_segment}")
endif()
endif()
endforeach()
set(${joined_path} "${temp_path}" PARENT_SCOPE)
endfunction()

18
support/cmake/biicode.cmake Normal file
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# Initializes block variables
INIT_BIICODE_BLOCK()
# Actually create targets: EXEcutables and libraries.
ADD_BIICODE_TARGETS()
target_include_directories(${BII_BLOCK_TARGET} INTERFACE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
if (HAVE_OPEN)
target_compile_definitions(${BII_BLOCK_TARGET} INTERFACE -DFMT_USE_FILE_DESCRIPTORS=1)
endif ()
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
target_compile_options(${BII_BLOCK_TARGET} INTERFACE -Wall -Wextra -Wshadow -pedantic)
endif ()
if (CPP11_FLAG AND FMT_EXTRA_TESTS)
target_compile_options(${BII_BLOCK_TARGET} INTERFACE ${CPP11_FLAG})
endif ()

7
support/cmake/fmt-config.cmake.in
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@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
@PACKAGE_INIT@
if (NOT TARGET fmt::fmt)
include(${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/@targets_export_name@.cmake)
endif ()
check_required_components(fmt)

11
support/cmake/fmt.pc.in
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@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
prefix=@CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX@
exec_prefix=@CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX@
libdir=@libdir_for_pc_file@
includedir=@includedir_for_pc_file@
Name: fmt
Description: A modern formatting library
Version: @FMT_VERSION@
Libs: -L${libdir} -l@FMT_LIB_NAME@
Cflags: -I${includedir}

11
support/cmake/run-cmake.bat Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
@echo on
rem This scripts configures build environment and runs CMake.
rem Use it instead of running CMake directly when building with
rem the Microsoft SDK toolchain rather than Visual Studio.
rem It is used in the same way as cmake, for example:
rem
rem run-cmake -G "Visual Studio 10 Win64" .
for /F "delims=" %%i IN ('cmake "-DPRINT_PATH=1" -P %~dp0/FindSetEnv.cmake') DO set setenv=%%i
if NOT "%setenv%" == "" call "%setenv%"
cmake %*

581
support/docopt.py
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@ -1,581 +0,0 @@
"""Pythonic command-line interface parser that will make you smile.
* http://docopt.org
* Repository and issue-tracker: https://github.com/docopt/docopt
* Licensed under terms of MIT license (see LICENSE-MIT)
* Copyright (c) 2013 Vladimir Keleshev, vladimir@keleshev.com
"""
import sys
import re
__all__ = ['docopt']
__version__ = '0.6.1'
class DocoptLanguageError(Exception):
"""Error in construction of usage-message by developer."""
class DocoptExit(SystemExit):
"""Exit in case user invoked program with incorrect arguments."""
usage = ''
def __init__(self, message=''):
SystemExit.__init__(self, (message + '\n' + self.usage).strip())
class Pattern(object):
def __eq__(self, other):
return repr(self) == repr(other)
def __hash__(self):
return hash(repr(self))
def fix(self):
self.fix_identities()
self.fix_repeating_arguments()
return self
def fix_identities(self, uniq=None):
"""Make pattern-tree tips point to same object if they are equal."""
if not hasattr(self, 'children'):
return self
uniq = list(set(self.flat())) if uniq is None else uniq
for i, child in enumerate(self.children):
if not hasattr(child, 'children'):
assert child in uniq
self.children[i] = uniq[uniq.index(child)]
else:
child.fix_identities(uniq)
def fix_repeating_arguments(self):
"""Fix elements that should accumulate/increment values."""
either = [list(child.children) for child in transform(self).children]
for case in either:
for e in [child for child in case if case.count(child) > 1]:
if type(e) is Argument or type(e) is Option and e.argcount:
if e.value is None:
e.value = []
elif type(e.value) is not list:
e.value = e.value.split()
if type(e) is Command or type(e) is Option and e.argcount == 0:
e.value = 0
return self
def transform(pattern):
"""Expand pattern into an (almost) equivalent one, but with single Either.
Example: ((-a | -b) (-c | -d)) => (-a -c | -a -d | -b -c | -b -d)
Quirks: [-a] => (-a), (-a...) => (-a -a)
"""
result = []
groups = [[pattern]]
while groups:
children = groups.pop(0)
parents = [Required, Optional, OptionsShortcut, Either, OneOrMore]
if any(t in map(type, children) for t in parents):
child = [c for c in children if type(c) in parents][0]
children.remove(child)
if type(child) is Either:
for c in child.children:
groups.append([c] + children)
elif type(child) is OneOrMore:
groups.append(child.children * 2 + children)
else:
groups.append(child.children + children)
else:
result.append(children)
return Either(*[Required(*e) for e in result])
class LeafPattern(Pattern):
"""Leaf/terminal node of a pattern tree."""
def __init__(self, name, value=None):
self.name, self.value = name, value
def __repr__(self):
return '%s(%r, %r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.name, self.value)
def flat(self, *types):
return [self] if not types or type(self) in types else []
def match(self, left, collected=None):
collected = [] if collected is None else collected
pos, match = self.single_match(left)
if match is None:
return False, left, collected
left_ = left[:pos] + left[pos + 1:]
same_name = [a for a in collected if a.name == self.name]
if type(self.value) in (int, list):
if type(self.value) is int:
increment = 1
else:
increment = ([match.value] if type(match.value) is str
else match.value)
if not same_name:
match.value = increment
return True, left_, collected + [match]
same_name[0].value += increment
return True, left_, collected
return True, left_, collected + [match]
class BranchPattern(Pattern):
"""Branch/inner node of a pattern tree."""
def __init__(self, *children):
self.children = list(children)
def __repr__(self):
return '%s(%s)' % (self.__class__.__name__,
', '.join(repr(a) for a in self.children))
def flat(self, *types):
if type(self) in types:
return [self]
return sum([child.flat(*types) for child in self.children], [])
class Argument(LeafPattern):
def single_match(self, left):
for n, pattern in enumerate(left):
if type(pattern) is Argument:
return n, Argument(self.name, pattern.value)
return None, None
@classmethod
def parse(class_, source):
name = re.findall('(<\S*?>)', source)[0]
value = re.findall('\[default: (.*)\]', source, flags=re.I)
return class_(name, value[0] if value else None)
class Command(Argument):
def __init__(self, name, value=False):
self.name, self.value = name, value
def single_match(self, left):
for n, pattern in enumerate(left):
if type(pattern) is Argument:
if pattern.value == self.name:
return n, Command(self.name, True)
else:
break
return None, None
class Option(LeafPattern):
def __init__(self, short=None, long=None, argcount=0, value=False):
assert argcount in (0, 1)
self.short, self.long, self.argcount = short, long, argcount
self.value = None if value is False and argcount else value
@classmethod
def parse(class_, option_description):
short, long, argcount, value = None, None, 0, False
options, _, description = option_description.strip().partition(' ')
options = options.replace(',', ' ').replace('=', ' ')
for s in options.split():
if s.startswith('--'):
long = s
elif s.startswith('-'):
short = s
else:
argcount = 1
if argcount:
matched = re.findall('\[default: (.*)\]', description, flags=re.I)
value = matched[0] if matched else None
return class_(short, long, argcount, value)
def single_match(self, left):
for n, pattern in enumerate(left):
if self.name == pattern.name:
return n, pattern
return None, None
@property
def name(self):
return self.long or self.short
def __repr__(self):
return 'Option(%r, %r, %r, %r)' % (self.short, self.long,
self.argcount, self.value)
class Required(BranchPattern):
def match(self, left, collected=None):
collected = [] if collected is None else collected
l = left
c = collected
for pattern in self.children:
matched, l, c = pattern.match(l, c)
if not matched:
return False, left, collected
return True, l, c
class Optional(BranchPattern):
def match(self, left, collected=None):
collected = [] if collected is None else collected
for pattern in self.children:
m, left, collected = pattern.match(left, collected)
return True, left, collected
class OptionsShortcut(Optional):
"""Marker/placeholder for [options] shortcut."""
class OneOrMore(BranchPattern):
def match(self, left, collected=None):
assert len(self.children) == 1
collected = [] if collected is None else collected
l = left
c = collected
l_ = None
matched = True
times = 0
while matched:
# could it be that something didn't match but changed l or c?
matched, l, c = self.children[0].match(l, c)
times += 1 if matched else 0
if l_ == l:
break
l_ = l
if times >= 1:
return True, l, c
return False, left, collected
class Either(BranchPattern):
def match(self, left, collected=None):
collected = [] if collected is None else collected
outcomes = []
for pattern in self.children:
matched, _, _ = outcome = pattern.match(left, collected)
if matched:
outcomes.append(outcome)
if outcomes:
return min(outcomes, key=lambda outcome: len(outcome[1]))
return False, left, collected
class Tokens(list):
def __init__(self, source, error=DocoptExit):
self += source.split() if hasattr(source, 'split') else source
self.error = error
@staticmethod
def from_pattern(source):
source = re.sub(r'([\[\]\(\)\|]|\.\.\.)', r' \1 ', source)
source = [s for s in re.split('\s+|(\S*<.*?>)', source) if s]
return Tokens(source, error=DocoptLanguageError)
def move(self):
return self.pop(0) if len(self) else None
def current(self):
return self[0] if len(self) else None
def parse_long(tokens, options):
"""long ::= '--' chars [ ( ' ' | '=' ) chars ] ;"""
long, eq, value = tokens.move().partition('=')
assert long.startswith('--')
value = None if eq == value == '' else value
similar = [o for o in options if o.long == long]
if tokens.error is DocoptExit and similar == []: # if no exact match
similar = [o for o in options if o.long and o.long.startswith(long)]
if len(similar) > 1: # might be simply specified ambiguously 2+ times?
raise tokens.error('%s is not a unique prefix: %s?' %
(long, ', '.join(o.long for o in similar)))
elif len(similar) < 1:
argcount = 1 if eq == '=' else 0
o = Option(None, long, argcount)
options.append(o)
if tokens.error is DocoptExit:
o = Option(None, long, argcount, value if argcount else True)
else:
o = Option(similar[0].short, similar[0].long,
similar[0].argcount, similar[0].value)
if o.argcount == 0:
if value is not None:
raise tokens.error('%s must not have an argument' % o.long)
else:
if value is None:
if tokens.current() in [None, '--']:
raise tokens.error('%s requires argument' % o.long)
value = tokens.move()
if tokens.error is DocoptExit:
o.value = value if value is not None else True
return [o]
def parse_shorts(tokens, options):
"""shorts ::= '-' ( chars )* [ [ ' ' ] chars ] ;"""
token = tokens.move()
assert token.startswith('-') and not token.startswith('--')
left = token.lstrip('-')
parsed = []
while left != '':
short, left = '-' + left[0], left[1:]
similar = [o for o in options if o.short == short]
if len(similar) > 1:
raise tokens.error('%s is specified ambiguously %d times' %
(short, len(similar)))
elif len(similar) < 1:
o = Option(short, None, 0)
options.append(o)
if tokens.error is DocoptExit:
o = Option(short, None, 0, True)
else: # why copying is necessary here?
o = Option(short, similar[0].long,
similar[0].argcount, similar[0].value)
value = None
if o.argcount != 0:
if left == '':
if tokens.current() in [None, '--']:
raise tokens.error('%s requires argument' % short)
value = tokens.move()
else:
value = left
left = ''
if tokens.error is DocoptExit:
o.value = value if value is not None else True
parsed.append(o)
return parsed
def parse_pattern(source, options):
tokens = Tokens.from_pattern(source)
result = parse_expr(tokens, options)
if tokens.current() is not None:
raise tokens.error('unexpected ending: %r' % ' '.join(tokens))
return Required(*result)
def parse_expr(tokens, options):
"""expr ::= seq ( '|' seq )* ;"""
seq = parse_seq(tokens, options)
if tokens.current() != '|':
return seq
result = [Required(*seq)] if len(seq) > 1 else seq
while tokens.current() == '|':
tokens.move()
seq = parse_seq(tokens, options)
result += [Required(*seq)] if len(seq) > 1 else seq
return [Either(*result)] if len(result) > 1 else result
def parse_seq(tokens, options):
"""seq ::= ( atom [ '...' ] )* ;"""
result = []
while tokens.current() not in [None, ']', ')', '|']:
atom = parse_atom(tokens, options)
if tokens.current() == '...':
atom = [OneOrMore(*atom)]
tokens.move()
result += atom
return result
def parse_atom(tokens, options):
"""atom ::= '(' expr ')' | '[' expr ']' | 'options'
| long | shorts | argument | command ;
"""
token = tokens.current()
result = []
if token in '([':
tokens.move()
matching, pattern = {'(': [')', Required], '[': [']', Optional]}[token]
result = pattern(*parse_expr(tokens, options))
if tokens.move() != matching:
raise tokens.error("unmatched '%s'" % token)
return [result]
elif token == 'options':
tokens.move()
return [OptionsShortcut()]
elif token.startswith('--') and token != '--':
return parse_long(tokens, options)
elif token.startswith('-') and token not in ('-', '--'):
return parse_shorts(tokens, options)
elif token.startswith('<') and token.endswith('>') or token.isupper():
return [Argument(tokens.move())]
else:
return [Command(tokens.move())]
def parse_argv(tokens, options, options_first=False):
"""Parse command-line argument vector.
If options_first:
argv ::= [ long | shorts ]* [ argument ]* [ '--' [ argument ]* ] ;
else:
argv ::= [ long | shorts | argument ]* [ '--' [ argument ]* ] ;
"""
parsed = []
while tokens.current() is not None:
if tokens.current() == '--':
return parsed + [Argument(None, v) for v in tokens]
elif tokens.current().startswith('--'):
parsed += parse_long(tokens, options)
elif tokens.current().startswith('-') and tokens.current() != '-':
parsed += parse_shorts(tokens, options)
elif options_first:
return parsed + [Argument(None, v) for v in tokens]
else:
parsed.append(Argument(None, tokens.move()))
return parsed
def parse_defaults(doc):
defaults = []
for s in parse_section('options:', doc):
# FIXME corner case "bla: options: --foo"
_, _, s = s.partition(':') # get rid of "options:"
split = re.split('\n[ \t]*(-\S+?)', '\n' + s)[1:]
split = [s1 + s2 for s1, s2 in zip(split[::2], split[1::2])]
options = [Option.parse(s) for s in split if s.startswith('-')]
defaults += options
return defaults
def parse_section(name, source):
pattern = re.compile('^([^\n]*' + name + '[^\n]*\n?(?:[ \t].*?(?:\n|$))*)',
re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE)
return [s.strip() for s in pattern.findall(source)]
def formal_usage(section):
_, _, section = section.partition(':') # drop "usage:"
pu = section.split()
return '( ' + ' '.join(') | (' if s == pu[0] else s for s in pu[1:]) + ' )'
def extras(help, version, options, doc):
if help and any((o.name in ('-h', '--help')) and o.value for o in options):
print(doc.strip("\n"))
sys.exit()
if version and any(o.name == '--version' and o.value for o in options):
print(version)
sys.exit()
class Dict(dict):
def __repr__(self):
return '{%s}' % ',\n '.join('%r: %r' % i for i in sorted(self.items()))
def docopt(doc, argv=None, help=True, version=None, options_first=False):
"""Parse `argv` based on command-line interface described in `doc`.
`docopt` creates your command-line interface based on its
description that you pass as `doc`. Such description can contain
--options, <positional-argument>, commands, which could be
[optional], (required), (mutually | exclusive) or repeated...
Parameters
----------
doc : str
Description of your command-line interface.
argv : list of str, optional
Argument vector to be parsed. sys.argv[1:] is used if not
provided.
help : bool (default: True)
Set to False to disable automatic help on -h or --help
options.
version : any object
If passed, the object will be printed if --version is in
`argv`.
options_first : bool (default: False)
Set to True to require options precede positional arguments,
i.e. to forbid options and positional arguments intermix.
Returns
-------
args : dict
A dictionary, where keys are names of command-line elements
such as e.g. "--verbose" and "<path>", and values are the
parsed values of those elements.
Example
-------
>>> from docopt import docopt
>>> doc = '''
... Usage:
... my_program tcp <host> <port> [--timeout=<seconds>]
... my_program serial <port> [--baud=<n>] [--timeout=<seconds>]
... my_program (-h | --help | --version)
...
... Options:
... -h, --help Show this screen and exit.
... --baud=<n> Baudrate [default: 9600]
... '''
>>> argv = ['tcp', '127.0.0.1', '80', '--timeout', '30']
>>> docopt(doc, argv)
{'--baud': '9600',
'--help': False,
'--timeout': '30',
'--version': False,
'<host>': '127.0.0.1',
'<port>': '80',
'serial': False,
'tcp': True}
See also
--------
* For video introduction see http://docopt.org
* Full documentation is available in README.rst as well as online
at https://github.com/docopt/docopt#readme
"""
argv = sys.argv[1:] if argv is None else argv
usage_sections = parse_section('usage:', doc)
if len(usage_sections) == 0:
raise DocoptLanguageError('"usage:" (case-insensitive) not found.')
if len(usage_sections) > 1:
raise DocoptLanguageError('More than one "usage:" (case-insensitive).')
DocoptExit.usage = usage_sections[0]
options = parse_defaults(doc)
pattern = parse_pattern(formal_usage(DocoptExit.usage), options)
# [default] syntax for argument is disabled
#for a in pattern.flat(Argument):
# same_name = [d for d in arguments if d.name == a.name]
# if same_name:
# a.value = same_name[0].value
argv = parse_argv(Tokens(argv), list(options), options_first)
pattern_options = set(pattern.flat(Option))
for options_shortcut in pattern.flat(OptionsShortcut):
doc_options = parse_defaults(doc)
options_shortcut.children = list(set(doc_options) - pattern_options)
#if any_options:
# options_shortcut.children += [Option(o.short, o.long, o.argcount)
# for o in argv if type(o) is Option]
extras(help, version, argv, doc)
matched, left, collected = pattern.fix().match(argv)
if matched and left == []: # better error message if left?
return Dict((a.name, a.value) for a in (pattern.flat() + collected))
raise DocoptExit()

46
support/download.py Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
# A file downloader.
import contextlib, os, tempfile, timer, urllib2, urlparse
class Downloader:
def __init__(self, dir=None):
self.dir = dir
# Downloads a file and removes it when exiting a block.
# Usage:
# d = Downloader()
# with d.download(url) as f:
# use_file(f)
def download(self, url, cookie=None):
suffix = os.path.splitext(urlparse.urlsplit(url)[2])[1]
fd, filename = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix=suffix, dir=self.dir)
os.close(fd)
with timer.print_time('Downloading', url, 'to', filename):
opener = urllib2.build_opener()
if cookie:
opener.addheaders.append(('Cookie', cookie))
num_tries = 2
for i in range(num_tries):
try:
f = opener.open(url)
except urllib2.URLError, e:
print('Failed to open url', url)
continue
length = f.headers.get('content-length')
if not length:
print('Failed to get content-length')
continue
length = int(length)
with open(filename, 'wb') as out:
count = 0
while count < length:
data = f.read(1024 * 1024)
count += len(data)
out.write(data)
@contextlib.contextmanager
def remove(filename):
try:
yield filename
finally:
os.remove(filename)
return remove(filename)

86
support/mkdocs
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@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# A script to invoke mkdocs with the correct environment.
# Additionally supports deploying via mike:
# ./mkdocs deploy [mike-deploy-options]
# For example:
# ./mkdocs deploy <version>
# This will checkout the website to fmt/build/fmt.dev and deploy documentation
# <version> there.
import errno, os, shutil, sys
from subprocess import call
support_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.normpath(__file__))
build_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(support_dir), 'build')
# Set PYTHONPATH for the mkdocstrings handler.
env = os.environ.copy()
path = env.get('PYTHONPATH')
env['PYTHONPATH'] = \
(path + ':' if path else '') + os.path.join(support_dir, 'python')
redirect_page = \
'''<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Redirecting</title>
<noscript>
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="1; url=11.0/" />
</noscript>
<script>
window.location.replace(
"api/" + window.location.search + window.location.hash
);
</script>
</head>
<body>
Redirecting to <a href="api/">api</a>...
</body>
</html>
'''
config_path = os.path.join(support_dir, 'mkdocs.yml')
args = sys.argv[1:]
if len(args) > 0:
command = args[0]
if command == 'deploy' or command == 'set-default':
git_url = 'https://github.com/' if 'CI' in os.environ else 'git@github.com:'
site_repo = git_url + 'fmtlib/fmt.dev.git'
site_dir = os.path.join(build_dir, 'fmt.dev')
try:
shutil.rmtree(site_dir)
except OSError as e:
if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
pass
ret = call(['git', 'clone', '--depth=1', site_repo, site_dir])
if ret != 0:
sys.exit(ret)
# Copy the config to the build dir because the site is built relative to it.
config_build_path = os.path.join(build_dir, 'mkdocs.yml')
shutil.copyfile(config_path, config_build_path)
version = args[1]
ret = call(['mike'] + args + ['--config-file', config_build_path,
'--branch', 'master'], cwd=site_dir, env=env)
if ret != 0 or version == 'dev':
sys.exit(ret)
current_doc_path = os.path.join(site_dir, version)
# mike stages files added by deploy for deletion for unclear reason,
# undo it.
ret = call(['git', 'reset', '--hard'], cwd=site_dir)
if False:
os.makedirs(current_doc_path, exist_ok=True)
redirect_page_path = os.path.join(current_doc_path, 'api.html')
with open(redirect_page_path, "w") as file:
file.write(redirect_page)
ret = call(['git', 'add', redirect_page_path], cwd=site_dir)
if ret != 0:
sys.exit(ret)
ret = call(['git', 'commit', '--amend', '--no-edit'], cwd=site_dir)
sys.exit(ret)
elif not command.startswith('-'):
args += ['-f', config_path]
sys.exit(call(['mkdocs'] + args, env=env))

48
support/mkdocs.yml
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@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
site_name: '{fmt}'
docs_dir: ../doc
repo_url: https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt
theme:
name: material
features:
- navigation.tabs
- navigation.top
- toc.integrate
extra_javascript:
- https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.7.2/highlight.min.js
- fmt.js
extra_css:
- https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.7.2/styles/default.min.css
- fmt.css
markdown_extensions:
- pymdownx.highlight:
# Use JavaScript syntax highlighter instead of Pygments because it
# automatically applies to code blocks extracted through Doxygen.
use_pygments: false
anchor_linenums: true
line_spans: __span
pygments_lang_class: true
- pymdownx.inlinehilite
- pymdownx.snippets
plugins:
- search
- mkdocstrings:
default_handler: cxx
nav:
- Home: index.md
- Get Started: get-started.md
- API: api.md
- Syntax: syntax.md
exclude_docs: ChangeLog-old.md
extra:
version:
provider: mike
generator: false

201
support/printable.py
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@ -1,201 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# This script is based on
# https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/library/core/src/unicode/printable.py
# distributed under https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/LICENSE-MIT.
# This script uses the following Unicode tables:
# - UnicodeData.txt
from collections import namedtuple
import csv
import os
import subprocess
NUM_CODEPOINTS=0x110000
def to_ranges(iter):
current = None
for i in iter:
if current is None or i != current[1] or i in (0x10000, 0x20000):
if current is not None:
yield tuple(current)
current = [i, i + 1]
else:
current[1] += 1
if current is not None:
yield tuple(current)
def get_escaped(codepoints):
for c in codepoints:
if (c.class_ or "Cn") in "Cc Cf Cs Co Cn Zl Zp Zs".split() and c.value != ord(' '):
yield c.value
def get_file(f):
try:
return open(os.path.basename(f))
except FileNotFoundError:
subprocess.run(["curl", "-O", f], check=True)
return open(os.path.basename(f))
Codepoint = namedtuple('Codepoint', 'value class_')
def get_codepoints(f):
r = csv.reader(f, delimiter=";")
prev_codepoint = 0
class_first = None
for row in r:
codepoint = int(row[0], 16)
name = row[1]
class_ = row[2]
if class_first is not None:
if not name.endswith("Last>"):
raise ValueError("Missing Last after First")
for c in range(prev_codepoint + 1, codepoint):
yield Codepoint(c, class_first)
class_first = None
if name.endswith("First>"):
class_first = class_
yield Codepoint(codepoint, class_)
prev_codepoint = codepoint
if class_first is not None:
raise ValueError("Missing Last after First")
for c in range(prev_codepoint + 1, NUM_CODEPOINTS):
yield Codepoint(c, None)
def compress_singletons(singletons):
uppers = [] # (upper, # items in lowers)
lowers = []
for i in singletons:
upper = i >> 8
lower = i & 0xff
if len(uppers) == 0 or uppers[-1][0] != upper:
uppers.append((upper, 1))
else:
upper, count = uppers[-1]
uppers[-1] = upper, count + 1
lowers.append(lower)
return uppers, lowers
def compress_normal(normal):
# lengths 0x00..0x7f are encoded as 00, 01, ..., 7e, 7f
# lengths 0x80..0x7fff are encoded as 80 80, 80 81, ..., ff fe, ff ff
compressed = [] # [truelen, (truelenaux), falselen, (falselenaux)]
prev_start = 0
for start, count in normal:
truelen = start - prev_start
falselen = count
prev_start = start + count
assert truelen < 0x8000 and falselen < 0x8000
entry = []
if truelen > 0x7f:
entry.append(0x80 | (truelen >> 8))
entry.append(truelen & 0xff)
else:
entry.append(truelen & 0x7f)
if falselen > 0x7f:
entry.append(0x80 | (falselen >> 8))
entry.append(falselen & 0xff)
else:
entry.append(falselen & 0x7f)
compressed.append(entry)
return compressed
def print_singletons(uppers, lowers, uppersname, lowersname):
print(" static constexpr singleton {}[] = {{".format(uppersname))
for u, c in uppers:
print(" {{{:#04x}, {}}},".format(u, c))
print(" };")
print(" static constexpr unsigned char {}[] = {{".format(lowersname))
for i in range(0, len(lowers), 8):
print(" {}".format(" ".join("{:#04x},".format(l) for l in lowers[i:i+8])))
print(" };")
def print_normal(normal, normalname):
print(" static constexpr unsigned char {}[] = {{".format(normalname))
for v in normal:
print(" {}".format(" ".join("{:#04x},".format(i) for i in v)))
print(" };")
def main():
file = get_file("https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt")
codepoints = get_codepoints(file)
CUTOFF=0x10000
singletons0 = []
singletons1 = []
normal0 = []
normal1 = []
extra = []
for a, b in to_ranges(get_escaped(codepoints)):
if a > 2 * CUTOFF:
extra.append((a, b - a))
elif a == b - 1:
if a & CUTOFF:
singletons1.append(a & ~CUTOFF)
else:
singletons0.append(a)
elif a == b - 2:
if a & CUTOFF:
singletons1.append(a & ~CUTOFF)
singletons1.append((a + 1) & ~CUTOFF)
else:
singletons0.append(a)
singletons0.append(a + 1)
else:
if a >= 2 * CUTOFF:
extra.append((a, b - a))
elif a & CUTOFF:
normal1.append((a & ~CUTOFF, b - a))
else:
normal0.append((a, b - a))
singletons0u, singletons0l = compress_singletons(singletons0)
singletons1u, singletons1l = compress_singletons(singletons1)
normal0 = compress_normal(normal0)
normal1 = compress_normal(normal1)
print("""\
FMT_FUNC auto is_printable(uint32_t cp) -> bool {\
""")
print_singletons(singletons0u, singletons0l, 'singletons0', 'singletons0_lower')
print_singletons(singletons1u, singletons1l, 'singletons1', 'singletons1_lower')
print_normal(normal0, 'normal0')
print_normal(normal1, 'normal1')
print("""\
auto lower = static_cast<uint16_t>(cp);
if (cp < 0x10000) {
return is_printable(lower, singletons0,
sizeof(singletons0) / sizeof(*singletons0),
singletons0_lower, normal0, sizeof(normal0));
}
if (cp < 0x20000) {
return is_printable(lower, singletons1,
sizeof(singletons1) / sizeof(*singletons1),
singletons1_lower, normal1, sizeof(normal1));
}\
""")
for a, b in extra:
print(" if (0x{:x} <= cp && cp < 0x{:x}) return false;".format(a, a + b))
print("""\
return cp < 0x{:x};
}}\
""".format(NUM_CODEPOINTS))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

354
support/python/mkdocstrings_handlers/cxx/__init__.py
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@ -1,354 +0,0 @@
# A basic mkdocstrings handler for {fmt}.
# Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
# https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/blob/master/LICENSE
import os
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ElementTree
from pathlib import Path
from subprocess import PIPE, STDOUT, CalledProcessError, Popen
from typing import Any, List, Mapping, Optional
from mkdocstrings.handlers.base import BaseHandler
class Definition:
"""A definition extracted by Doxygen."""
def __init__(self, name: str, kind: Optional[str] = None,
node: Optional[ElementTree.Element] = None,
is_member: bool = False):
self.name = name
self.kind = kind if kind is not None else node.get('kind')
self.desc = None
self.id = name if not is_member else None
self.members = None
self.params = None
self.template_params = None
self.trailing_return_type = None
self.type = None
# A map from Doxygen to HTML tags.
tag_map = {
'bold': 'b',
'emphasis': 'em',
'computeroutput': 'code',
'para': 'p',
'itemizedlist': 'ul',
'listitem': 'li'
}
# A map from Doxygen tags to text.
tag_text_map = {
'codeline': '',
'highlight': '',
'sp': ' '
}
def escape_html(s: str) -> str:
return s.replace("<", "&lt;")
# Converts a node from doxygen to HTML format.
def convert_node(node: ElementTree.Element, tag: str, attrs: dict = {}):
out = '<' + tag
for key, value in attrs.items():
out += ' ' + key + '="' + value + '"'
out += '>'
if node.text:
out += escape_html(node.text)
out += doxyxml2html(list(node))
out += '</' + tag + '>'
if node.tail:
out += node.tail
return out
def doxyxml2html(nodes: List[ElementTree.Element]):
out = ''
for n in nodes:
tag = tag_map.get(n.tag)
if tag:
out += convert_node(n, tag)
continue
if n.tag == 'programlisting' or n.tag == 'verbatim':
out += '<pre>'
out += convert_node(n, 'code', {'class': 'language-cpp'})
out += '</pre>'
continue
if n.tag == 'ulink':
out += convert_node(n, 'a', {'href': n.attrib['url']})
continue
out += tag_text_map[n.tag]
return out
def convert_template_params(node: ElementTree.Element) -> Optional[List[Definition]]:
template_param_list = node.find('templateparamlist')
if template_param_list is None:
return None
params = []
for param_node in template_param_list.findall('param'):
name = param_node.find('declname')
param = Definition(name.text if name is not None else '', 'param')
param.type = param_node.find('type').text
params.append(param)
return params
def get_description(node: ElementTree.Element) -> List[ElementTree.Element]:
return node.findall('briefdescription/para') + \
node.findall('detaileddescription/para')
def normalize_type(type_: str) -> str:
type_ = type_.replace('< ', '<').replace(' >', '>')
return type_.replace(' &', '&').replace(' *', '*')
def convert_type(type_: ElementTree.Element) -> Optional[str]:
if type_ is None:
return None
result = type_.text if type_.text else ''
for ref in type_:
result += ref.text
if ref.tail:
result += ref.tail
result += type_.tail.strip()
return normalize_type(result)
def convert_params(func: ElementTree.Element) -> List[Definition]:
params = []
for p in func.findall('param'):
d = Definition(p.find('declname').text, 'param')
d.type = convert_type(p.find('type'))
params.append(d)
return params
def convert_return_type(d: Definition, node: ElementTree.Element) -> None:
d.trailing_return_type = None
if d.type == 'auto' or d.type == 'constexpr auto':
parts = node.find('argsstring').text.split(' -> ')
if len(parts) > 1:
d.trailing_return_type = normalize_type(parts[1])
def render_param(param: Definition) -> str:
return param.type + (f'&nbsp;{param.name}' if len(param.name) > 0 else '')
def render_decl(d: Definition) -> str:
text = ''
if d.id is not None:
text += f'<a id="{d.id}">\n'
text += '<pre><code class="language-cpp decl">'
text += '<div>'
if d.template_params is not None:
text += 'template &lt;'
text += ', '.join([render_param(p) for p in d.template_params])
text += '&gt;\n'
text += '</div>'
text += '<div>'
end = ';'
if d.kind == 'function' or d.kind == 'variable':
text += d.type + ' ' if len(d.type) > 0 else ''
elif d.kind == 'typedef':
text += 'using '
elif d.kind == 'define':
end = ''
else:
text += d.kind + ' '
text += d.name
if d.params is not None:
params = ', '.join([
(p.type + ' ' if p.type else '') + p.name for p in d.params])
text += '(' + escape_html(params) + ')'
if d.trailing_return_type:
text += ' -&NoBreak;>&nbsp;' + escape_html(d.trailing_return_type)
elif d.kind == 'typedef':
text += ' = ' + escape_html(d.type)
text += end
text += '</div>'
text += '</code></pre>\n'
if d.id is not None:
text += f'</a>\n'
return text
class CxxHandler(BaseHandler):
def __init__(self, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
super().__init__(handler='cxx', **kwargs)
headers = [
'args.h', 'base.h', 'chrono.h', 'color.h', 'compile.h', 'format.h',
'os.h', 'ostream.h', 'printf.h', 'ranges.h', 'std.h', 'xchar.h'
]
# Run doxygen.
cmd = ['doxygen', '-']
support_dir = Path(__file__).parents[3]
top_dir = os.path.dirname(support_dir)
include_dir = os.path.join(top_dir, 'include', 'fmt')
self._ns2doxyxml = {}
build_dir = os.path.join(top_dir, 'build')
os.makedirs(build_dir, exist_ok=True)
self._doxyxml_dir = os.path.join(build_dir, 'doxyxml')
p = Popen(cmd, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT)
_, _ = p.communicate(input=r'''
PROJECT_NAME = fmt
GENERATE_XML = YES
GENERATE_LATEX = NO
GENERATE_HTML = NO
INPUT = {0}
XML_OUTPUT = {1}
QUIET = YES
AUTOLINK_SUPPORT = NO
MACRO_EXPANSION = YES
PREDEFINED = _WIN32=1 \
__linux__=1 \
FMT_ENABLE_IF(...)= \
FMT_USE_USER_LITERALS=1 \
FMT_USE_ALIAS_TEMPLATES=1 \
FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS=1 \
FMT_API= \
"FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE=namespace fmt {{" \
"FMT_END_NAMESPACE=}}" \
"FMT_DOC=1"
'''.format(
' '.join([os.path.join(include_dir, h) for h in headers]),
self._doxyxml_dir).encode('utf-8'))
if p.returncode != 0:
raise CalledProcessError(p.returncode, cmd)
# Merge all file-level XMLs into one to simplify search.
self._file_doxyxml = None
for h in headers:
filename = h.replace(".h", "_8h.xml")
with open(os.path.join(self._doxyxml_dir, filename)) as f:
doxyxml = ElementTree.parse(f)
if self._file_doxyxml is None:
self._file_doxyxml = doxyxml
continue
root = self._file_doxyxml.getroot()
for node in doxyxml.getroot():
root.append(node)
def collect_compound(self, identifier: str,
cls: List[ElementTree.Element]) -> Definition:
"""Collect a compound definition such as a struct."""
path = os.path.join(self._doxyxml_dir, cls[0].get('refid') + '.xml')
with open(path) as f:
xml = ElementTree.parse(f)
node = xml.find('compounddef')
d = Definition(identifier, node=node)
d.template_params = convert_template_params(node)
d.desc = get_description(node)
d.members = []
for m in \
node.findall('sectiondef[@kind="public-attrib"]/memberdef') + \
node.findall('sectiondef[@kind="public-func"]/memberdef'):
name = m.find('name').text
# Doxygen incorrectly classifies members of private unnamed unions as
# public members of the containing class.
if name.endswith('_'):
continue
desc = get_description(m)
if len(desc) == 0:
continue
kind = m.get('kind')
member = Definition(name if name else '', kind=kind, is_member=True)
type_text = m.find('type').text
member.type = type_text if type_text else ''
if kind == 'function':
member.params = convert_params(m)
convert_return_type(member, m)
member.template_params = None
member.desc = desc
d.members.append(member)
return d
def collect(self, identifier: str, _config: Mapping[str, Any]) -> Definition:
qual_name = 'fmt::' + identifier
param_str = None
paren = qual_name.find('(')
if paren > 0:
qual_name, param_str = qual_name[:paren], qual_name[paren + 1:-1]
colons = qual_name.rfind('::')
namespace, name = qual_name[:colons], qual_name[colons + 2:]
# Load XML.
doxyxml = self._ns2doxyxml.get(namespace)
if doxyxml is None:
path = f'namespace{namespace.replace("::", "_1_1")}.xml'
with open(os.path.join(self._doxyxml_dir, path)) as f:
doxyxml = ElementTree.parse(f)
self._ns2doxyxml[namespace] = doxyxml
nodes = doxyxml.findall(
f"compounddef/sectiondef/memberdef/name[.='{name}']/..")
if len(nodes) == 0:
nodes = self._file_doxyxml.findall(
f"compounddef/sectiondef/memberdef/name[.='{name}']/..")
candidates = []
for node in nodes:
# Process a function or a typedef.
params = None
d = Definition(name, node=node)
if d.kind == 'function':
params = convert_params(node)
node_param_str = ', '.join([p.type for p in params])
if param_str and param_str != node_param_str:
candidates.append(f'{name}({node_param_str})')
continue
elif d.kind == 'define':
params = []
for p in node.findall('param'):
param = Definition(p.find('defname').text, kind='param')
param.type = None
params.append(param)
d.type = convert_type(node.find('type'))
d.template_params = convert_template_params(node)
d.params = params
convert_return_type(d, node)
d.desc = get_description(node)
return d
cls = doxyxml.findall(f"compounddef/innerclass[.='{qual_name}']")
if not cls:
raise Exception(f'Cannot find {identifier}. Candidates: {candidates}')
return self.collect_compound(identifier, cls)
def render(self, d: Definition, config: dict) -> str:
if d.id is not None:
self.do_heading('', 0, id=d.id)
text = '<div class="docblock">\n'
text += render_decl(d)
text += '<div class="docblock-desc">\n'
text += doxyxml2html(d.desc)
if d.members is not None:
for m in d.members:
text += self.render(m, config)
text += '</div>\n'
text += '</div>\n'
return text
def get_handler(theme: str, custom_templates: Optional[str] = None,
**_config: Any) -> CxxHandler:
"""Return an instance of `CxxHandler`.
Arguments:
theme: The theme to use when rendering contents.
custom_templates: Directory containing custom templates.
**_config: Configuration passed to the handler.
"""
return CxxHandler(theme=theme, custom_templates=custom_templates)

1
support/python/mkdocstrings_handlers/cxx/templates/README
View File

@ -1 +0,0 @@
mkdocsstrings requires a handler to have a templates directory.

188
support/release.py
View File

@ -1,188 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Make a release.
Usage:
release.py [<branch>]
For the release command $FMT_TOKEN should contain a GitHub personal access token
obtained from https://github.com/settings/tokens.
"""
from __future__ import print_function
import datetime, docopt, errno, fileinput, json, os
import re, shutil, sys
from subprocess import check_call
import urllib.request
class Git:
def __init__(self, dir):
self.dir = dir
def call(self, method, args, **kwargs):
return check_call(['git', method] + list(args), **kwargs)
def add(self, *args):
return self.call('add', args, cwd=self.dir)
def checkout(self, *args):
return self.call('checkout', args, cwd=self.dir)
def clean(self, *args):
return self.call('clean', args, cwd=self.dir)
def clone(self, *args):
return self.call('clone', list(args) + [self.dir])
def commit(self, *args):
return self.call('commit', args, cwd=self.dir)
def pull(self, *args):
return self.call('pull', args, cwd=self.dir)
def push(self, *args):
return self.call('push', args, cwd=self.dir)
def reset(self, *args):
return self.call('reset', args, cwd=self.dir)
def update(self, *args):
clone = not os.path.exists(self.dir)
if clone:
self.clone(*args)
return clone
def clean_checkout(repo, branch):
repo.clean('-f', '-d')
repo.reset('--hard')
repo.checkout(branch)
class Runner:
def __init__(self, cwd):
self.cwd = cwd
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
kwargs['cwd'] = kwargs.get('cwd', self.cwd)
check_call(args, **kwargs)
def create_build_env():
"""Create a build environment."""
class Env:
pass
env = Env()
env.fmt_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
env.build_dir = 'build'
env.fmt_repo = Git(os.path.join(env.build_dir, 'fmt'))
return env
if __name__ == '__main__':
args = docopt.docopt(__doc__)
env = create_build_env()
fmt_repo = env.fmt_repo
branch = args.get('<branch>')
if branch is None:
branch = 'master'
if not fmt_repo.update('-b', branch, 'git@github.com:fmtlib/fmt'):
clean_checkout(fmt_repo, branch)
# Update the date in the changelog and extract the version and the first
# section content.
changelog = 'ChangeLog.md'
changelog_path = os.path.join(fmt_repo.dir, changelog)
is_first_section = True
first_section = []
for i, line in enumerate(fileinput.input(changelog_path, inplace=True)):
if i == 0:
version = re.match(r'# (.*) - TBD', line).group(1)
line = '# {} - {}\n'.format(
version, datetime.date.today().isoformat())
elif not is_first_section:
pass
elif line.startswith('#'):
is_first_section = False
else:
first_section.append(line)
sys.stdout.write(line)
if first_section[0] == '\n':
first_section.pop(0)
ns_version = None
base_h_path = os.path.join(fmt_repo.dir, 'include', 'fmt', 'base.h')
for line in fileinput.input(base_h_path):
m = re.match(r'\s*inline namespace v(.*) .*', line)
if m:
ns_version = m.group(1)
break
major_version = version.split('.')[0]
if not ns_version or ns_version != major_version:
raise Exception(f'Version mismatch {ns_version} != {major_version}')
# Workaround GitHub-flavored Markdown treating newlines as <br>.
changes = ''
code_block = False
stripped = False
for line in first_section:
if re.match(r'^\s*```', line):
code_block = not code_block
changes += line
stripped = False
continue
if code_block:
changes += line
continue
if line == '\n' or re.match(r'^\s*\|.*', line):
if stripped:
changes += '\n'
stripped = False
changes += line
continue
if stripped:
line = ' ' + line.lstrip()
changes += line.rstrip()
stripped = True
fmt_repo.checkout('-B', 'release')
fmt_repo.add(changelog)
fmt_repo.commit('-m', 'Update version')
# Build the docs and package.
run = Runner(fmt_repo.dir)
run('cmake', '.')
run('make', 'doc', 'package_source')
# Create a release on GitHub.
fmt_repo.push('origin', 'release')
auth_headers = {'Authorization': 'token ' + os.getenv('FMT_TOKEN')}
req = urllib.request.Request(
'https://api.github.com/repos/fmtlib/fmt/releases',
data=json.dumps({'tag_name': version,
'target_commitish': 'release',
'body': changes, 'draft': True}).encode('utf-8'),
headers=auth_headers, method='POST')
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
if response.status != 201:
raise Exception(f'Failed to create a release ' +
'{response.status} {response.reason}')
response_data = json.loads(response.read().decode('utf-8'))
id = response_data['id']
# Upload the package.
uploads_url = 'https://uploads.github.com/repos/fmtlib/fmt/releases'
package = 'fmt-{}.zip'.format(version)
req = urllib.request.Request(
f'{uploads_url}/{id}/assets?name={package}',
headers={'Content-Type': 'application/zip'} | auth_headers,
data=open('build/fmt/' + package, 'rb').read(), method='POST')
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
if response.status != 201:
raise Exception(f'Failed to upload an asset '
'{response.status} {response.reason}')
short_version = '.'.join(version.split('.')[:-1])
check_call(['./mkdocs', 'deploy', short_version])

35
support/timer.py Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
# A with statement based timer.
from __future__ import print_function
from contextlib import contextmanager
import timeit
class Timer:
"""
A with statement based timer.
Usage:
t = Timer()
with t:
do_something()
time = t.time
"""
def __enter__(self):
self.start = timeit.default_timer()
def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
finish = timeit.default_timer()
self.time = finish - self.start
@contextmanager
def print_time(*args):
"""
Measures and prints the time taken to execute nested code.
args: Additional arguments to print.
"""
t = Timer()
print(*args)
with t:
yield
print(*args, end=' ')
print('finished in {0:.2f} second(s)'.format(t.time))

286
test/CMakeLists.txt
View File

@ -1,252 +1,80 @@
add_subdirectory(gtest)
include(CheckSymbolExists)
set(TEST_MAIN_SRC test-main.cc gtest-extra.cc gtest-extra.h util.cc)
add_library(test-main STATIC ${TEST_MAIN_SRC})
target_include_directories(test-main PUBLIC
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>)
target_link_libraries(test-main gtest fmt)
target_link_libraries(test-main format gmock)
# Adds a test.
# Usage: add_fmt_test(name srcs...)
# Usage: add_fmt_test(name [CUSTOM_LINK] srcs...)
function(add_fmt_test name)
cmake_parse_arguments(ADD_FMT_TEST "HEADER_ONLY;MODULE" "" "" ${ARGN})
set(sources ${name}.cc ${ADD_FMT_TEST_UNPARSED_ARGUMENTS})
if (ADD_FMT_TEST_HEADER_ONLY)
set(sources ${sources} ${TEST_MAIN_SRC} ../src/os.cc)
set(libs gtest fmt-header-only)
if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
set(PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS} -Wno-weak-vtables)
endif ()
elseif (ADD_FMT_TEST_MODULE)
set(libs test-main test-module)
set_source_files_properties(${name}.cc PROPERTIES OBJECT_DEPENDS test-module)
else ()
set(libs test-main fmt)
endif ()
add_executable(${name} ${sources})
target_link_libraries(${name} ${libs})
if (ADD_FMT_TEST_HEADER_ONLY AND NOT FMT_UNICODE)
target_compile_definitions(${name} PUBLIC FMT_UNICODE=0)
endif ()
# Define if certain C++ features can be used.
if (FMT_PEDANTIC)
target_compile_options(${name} PRIVATE ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS})
endif ()
if (FMT_WERROR)
target_compile_options(${name} PRIVATE ${WERROR_FLAG})
cmake_parse_arguments(add_fmt_test CUSTOM_LINK "" "" ${ARGN})
add_executable(${name} ${name}.cc ${add_fmt_test_UNPARSED_ARGUMENTS})
target_link_libraries(${name} test-main)
if (NOT add_fmt_test_CUSTOM_LINK)
target_link_libraries(${name} format)
endif ()
add_test(NAME ${name} COMMAND ${name})
endfunction()
if (FMT_MODULE)
return ()
endif ()
add_fmt_test(args-test)
add_fmt_test(base-test)
add_fmt_test(assert-test)
add_fmt_test(chrono-test)
add_fmt_test(color-test)
add_fmt_test(gtest-extra-test)
add_fmt_test(format-test mock-allocator.h)
if (MSVC)
target_compile_options(format-test PRIVATE /bigobj)
endif ()
if (NOT (MSVC AND BUILD_SHARED_LIBS))
add_fmt_test(format-impl-test HEADER_ONLY header-only-test.cc)
endif ()
add_fmt_test(ostream-test)
add_fmt_test(compile-test)
add_fmt_test(format-test)
add_fmt_test(format-impl-test CUSTOM_LINK)
add_fmt_test(printf-test)
add_fmt_test(ranges-test ranges-odr-test.cc)
add_fmt_test(no-builtin-types-test HEADER_ONLY)
add_fmt_test(scan-test HEADER_ONLY)
check_symbol_exists(strptime "time.h" HAVE_STRPTIME)
if (HAVE_STRPTIME)
target_compile_definitions(scan-test PRIVATE FMT_HAVE_STRPTIME)
endif ()
add_fmt_test(std-test)
try_compile(compile_result_unused
${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
SOURCES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/detect-stdfs.cc
OUTPUT_VARIABLE RAWOUTPUT)
string(REGEX REPLACE ".*libfound \"([^\"]*)\".*" "\\1" STDLIBFS "${RAWOUTPUT}")
if (STDLIBFS)
target_link_libraries(std-test ${STDLIBFS})
endif ()
add_fmt_test(unicode-test HEADER_ONLY)
if (MSVC)
target_compile_options(unicode-test PRIVATE /utf-8)
endif ()
add_fmt_test(xchar-test)
add_fmt_test(enforce-checks-test)
target_compile_definitions(enforce-checks-test PRIVATE
-DFMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING)
add_executable(perf-sanity perf-sanity.cc)
target_link_libraries(perf-sanity fmt::fmt)
if (FMT_MODULE)
# The tests need {fmt} to be compiled as traditional library
# because of visibility of implementation details.
# If module support is present the module tests require a
# test-only module to be built from {fmt}
add_library(test-module OBJECT ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/fmt.cc)
target_compile_features(test-module PUBLIC cxx_std_11)
target_include_directories(test-module PUBLIC
$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>)
enable_module(test-module)
add_fmt_test(module-test MODULE test-main.cc)
if (MSVC)
target_compile_options(test-module PRIVATE /utf-8 /Zc:__cplusplus
/Zc:externConstexpr /Zc:inline)
target_compile_options(module-test PRIVATE /utf-8 /Zc:__cplusplus
/Zc:externConstexpr /Zc:inline)
foreach (target format-test printf-test)
if (CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX)
set_target_properties(${target} PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS
"-Wall -Wextra -pedantic -Wno-long-long -Wno-variadic-macros")
endif ()
if (CPP11_FLAG)
set_target_properties(${target} PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS ${CPP11_FLAG})
endif ()
endforeach ()
add_fmt_test(util-test mock-allocator.h)
if (CPP11_FLAG)
set_target_properties(util-test PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS ${CPP11_FLAG})
endif ()
if (NOT DEFINED MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME AND MSVC)
foreach (flag_var
CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE
CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_MINSIZEREL CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO)
if (${flag_var} MATCHES "^(/|-)(MT|MTd)")
set(MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME ON)
break()
endif()
endforeach()
endif()
foreach (src ${FMT_SOURCES})
set(FMT_TEST_SOURCES ${FMT_TEST_SOURCES} ../${src})
endforeach ()
if (NOT MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME)
add_executable(posix-mock-test
posix-mock-test.cc ../src/format.cc ${TEST_MAIN_SRC})
target_include_directories(
posix-mock-test PRIVATE ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
target_link_libraries(posix-mock-test gtest)
if (FMT_PEDANTIC)
target_compile_options(posix-mock-test PRIVATE ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS})
endif ()
if (MSVC)
target_compile_options(posix-mock-test PRIVATE /utf-8)
endif ()
add_test(NAME posix-mock-test COMMAND posix-mock-test)
add_fmt_test(os-test)
check_cxx_source_compiles("
#include <type_traits>
class C { void operator=(const C&); };
int main() { static_assert(!std::is_copy_assignable<C>::value, \"\"); }"
HAVE_TYPE_TRAITS)
if (HAVE_TYPE_TRAITS)
add_definitions(-DFMT_USE_TYPE_TRAITS=1)
endif ()
message(STATUS "FMT_PEDANTIC: ${FMT_PEDANTIC}")
add_executable(macro-test macro-test.cc ${FMT_TEST_SOURCES} ${TEST_MAIN_SRC})
set_target_properties(macro-test
PROPERTIES COMPILE_DEFINITIONS "FMT_USE_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES=0")
target_link_libraries(macro-test gmock)
if (FMT_PEDANTIC)
# Test that the library can be compiled with exceptions disabled.
# -fno-exception is broken in icc: https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/822.
if (NOT CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Intel")
check_cxx_compiler_flag(-fno-exceptions HAVE_FNO_EXCEPTIONS_FLAG)
endif ()
if (HAVE_FNO_EXCEPTIONS_FLAG)
add_library(noexception-test ../src/format.cc noexception-test.cc)
target_include_directories(
noexception-test PRIVATE ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
target_compile_options(noexception-test PRIVATE -fno-exceptions)
target_compile_options(noexception-test PRIVATE ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS})
endif ()
# Test that the library compiles without locale.
add_library(nolocale-test ../src/format.cc)
target_include_directories(
nolocale-test PRIVATE ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
target_compile_definitions(
nolocale-test PRIVATE FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR=1)
if (HAVE_OPEN)
add_executable(posix-test posix-test.cc ${FMT_TEST_SOURCES} ${TEST_MAIN_SRC})
set_target_properties(posix-test
PROPERTIES COMPILE_DEFINITIONS "FMT_INCLUDE_POSIX_TEST=1")
target_link_libraries(posix-test gmock)
add_test(NAME posix-test COMMAND posix-test)
endif ()
# These tests are disabled on Windows because they take too long.
# They are disabled on GCC < 4.9 because it can not parse UDLs without
# a space after `operator""` but that is an incorrect syntax for any more
# modern compiler.
if (FMT_PEDANTIC AND NOT WIN32 AND NOT (
CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "GNU" AND
CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 4.9))
# Test if incorrect API usages produce compilation error.
add_test(compile-error-test ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND}
--build-and-test
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/compile-error-test"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/compile-error-test"
--build-generator ${CMAKE_GENERATOR}
--build-makeprogram ${CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM}
--build-options
"-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}"
"-DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}"
"-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD}"
"-DCXX_STANDARD_FLAG=${CXX_STANDARD_FLAG}"
"-DFMT_DIR=${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}")
add_executable(header-only-test
header-only-test.cc header-only-test2.cc test-main.cc)
set_target_properties(header-only-test
PROPERTIES COMPILE_DEFINITIONS "FMT_HEADER_ONLY=1")
target_link_libraries(header-only-test gmock)
# Test if the targets are found from the build directory.
add_test(find-package-test ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND}
-C ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}
--build-and-test
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/find-package-test"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/find-package-test"
--build-generator ${CMAKE_GENERATOR}
--build-makeprogram ${CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM}
--build-options
"-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}"
"-DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}"
"-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD}"
"-DFMT_DIR=${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}"
"-DPEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS=${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS}"
"-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
# Test if the targets are found when add_subdirectory is used.
add_test(add-subdirectory-test ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND}
-C ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}
--build-and-test
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/add-subdirectory-test"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/add-subdirectory-test"
--build-generator ${CMAKE_GENERATOR}
--build-makeprogram ${CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM}
--build-options
"-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}"
"-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD}"
"-DPEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS=${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS}"
"-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
# Test that the library can be compiled with exceptions disabled.
check_cxx_compiler_flag(-fno-exceptions HAVE_FNO_EXCEPTIONS_FLAG)
if (HAVE_FNO_EXCEPTIONS_FLAG)
add_library(noexception-test STATIC ../format.cc)
set_target_properties(noexception-test
PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS -fno-exceptions)
endif ()
# This test is disabled on Windows because it is POSIX-specific.
if (FMT_PEDANTIC AND NOT WIN32)
add_test(static-export-test ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND}
-C ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}
--build-and-test
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/static-export-test"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/static-export-test"
--build-generator ${CMAKE_GENERATOR}
--build-makeprogram ${CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM}
--build-options
"-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}"
"-DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=${CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD}"
"-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
endif ()
# Activate optional CUDA tests if CUDA is found. For version selection see
# https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-c-programming-guide/index.html#cpp14-language-features
if (FMT_CUDA_TEST)
if (${CMAKE_VERSION} VERSION_LESS 3.15)
find_package(CUDA 9.0)
else ()
include(CheckLanguage)
check_language(CUDA)
if (CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER)
enable_language(CUDA OPTIONAL)
set(CUDA_FOUND TRUE)
endif ()
endif ()
if (CUDA_FOUND)
add_subdirectory(cuda-test)
add_test(NAME cuda-test COMMAND fmt-in-cuda-test)
endif ()
endif ()
add_test(compile-test ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND}
--build-and-test
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/compile-test"
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/compile-test"
--build-generator ${CMAKE_GENERATOR}
--build-makeprogram ${CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM})

17
test/add-subdirectory-test/CMakeLists.txt
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@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8...3.25)
project(fmt-test CXX)
add_subdirectory(../.. fmt)
add_executable(library-test main.cc)
target_include_directories(library-test PUBLIC SYSTEM .)
target_compile_options(library-test PRIVATE ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS})
target_link_libraries(library-test fmt::fmt)
if (TARGET fmt::fmt-header-only)
add_executable(header-only-test main.cc)
target_include_directories(header-only-test PUBLIC SYSTEM .)
target_compile_options(header-only-test PRIVATE ${PEDANTIC_COMPILE_FLAGS})
target_link_libraries(header-only-test fmt::fmt-header-only)
endif ()

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test/add-subdirectory-test/main.cc
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#include "fmt/base.h"
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i) fmt::print("{}: {}\n", i, argv[i]);
}

202
test/args-test.cc
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// Formatting library for C++ - dynamic argument store tests
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#include "fmt/args.h"
#include <memory>
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
TEST(args_test, basic) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
store.push_back(42);
store.push_back("abc1");
store.push_back(1.5f);
EXPECT_EQ("42 and abc1 and 1.5", fmt::vformat("{} and {} and {}", store));
}
TEST(args_test, strings_and_refs) {
// Unfortunately the tests are compiled with old ABI so strings use COW.
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
char str[] = "1234567890";
store.push_back(str);
store.push_back(std::cref(str));
store.push_back(fmt::string_view{str});
str[0] = 'X';
auto result = fmt::vformat("{} and {} and {}", store);
EXPECT_EQ("1234567890 and X234567890 and X234567890", result);
}
struct custom_type {
int i = 0;
};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <> struct formatter<custom_type> {
auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
template <typename FormatContext>
auto format(const custom_type& p, FormatContext& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return fmt::format_to(ctx.out(), "cust={}", p.i);
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
TEST(args_test, custom_format) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
auto c = custom_type();
store.push_back(c);
++c.i;
store.push_back(c);
++c.i;
store.push_back(std::cref(c));
++c.i;
auto result = fmt::vformat("{} and {} and {}", store);
EXPECT_EQ("cust=0 and cust=1 and cust=3", result);
}
struct to_stringable {
friend auto to_string_view(to_stringable) -> fmt::string_view { return {}; }
};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <> struct formatter<to_stringable> {
auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(to_stringable, format_context& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return ctx.out();
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
TEST(args_test, to_string_and_formatter) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
auto s = to_stringable();
store.push_back(s);
store.push_back(std::cref(s));
fmt::vformat("", store);
}
TEST(args_test, named_int) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
store.push_back(fmt::arg("a1", 42));
EXPECT_EQ("42", fmt::vformat("{a1}", store));
}
TEST(args_test, named_strings) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
char str[] = "1234567890";
store.push_back(fmt::arg("a1", str));
store.push_back(fmt::arg("a2", std::cref(str)));
str[0] = 'X';
EXPECT_EQ("1234567890 and X234567890", fmt::vformat("{a1} and {a2}", store));
}
TEST(args_test, named_arg_by_ref) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
char band[] = "Rolling Stones";
store.push_back(fmt::arg("band", std::cref(band)));
band[9] = 'c'; // Changing band affects the output.
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::vformat("{band}", store), "Rolling Scones");
}
TEST(args_test, named_custom_format) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
auto c = custom_type();
store.push_back(fmt::arg("c1", c));
++c.i;
store.push_back(fmt::arg("c2", c));
++c.i;
store.push_back(fmt::arg("c_ref", std::cref(c)));
++c.i;
auto result = fmt::vformat("{c1} and {c2} and {c_ref}", store);
EXPECT_EQ("cust=0 and cust=1 and cust=3", result);
}
TEST(args_test, clear) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
store.push_back(42);
auto result = fmt::vformat("{}", store);
EXPECT_EQ("42", result);
store.push_back(43);
result = fmt::vformat("{} and {}", store);
EXPECT_EQ("42 and 43", result);
store.clear();
store.push_back(44);
result = fmt::vformat("{}", store);
EXPECT_EQ("44", result);
}
TEST(args_test, reserve) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
store.reserve(2, 1);
store.push_back(1.5f);
store.push_back(fmt::arg("a", 42));
auto result = fmt::vformat("{} and {a}", store);
EXPECT_EQ("1.5 and 42", result);
}
struct copy_throwable {
copy_throwable() {}
copy_throwable(const copy_throwable&) { throw "deal with it"; }
};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <> struct formatter<copy_throwable> {
auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(copy_throwable, format_context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return ctx.out();
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
TEST(args_test, throw_on_copy) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
store.push_back(std::string("foo"));
try {
store.push_back(copy_throwable());
} catch (...) {
}
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::vformat("{}", store), "foo");
}
TEST(args_test, move_constructor) {
using store_type = fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context>;
auto store = std::unique_ptr<store_type>(new store_type());
store->push_back(42);
store->push_back(std::string("foo"));
store->push_back(fmt::arg("a1", "foo"));
auto moved_store = std::move(*store);
store.reset();
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::vformat("{} {} {a1}", moved_store), "42 foo foo");
}
TEST(args_test, size) {
fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
EXPECT_EQ(store.size(), 0);
store.push_back(42);
EXPECT_EQ(store.size(), 1);
store.push_back("Molybdenum");
EXPECT_EQ(store.size(), 2);
store.clear();
EXPECT_EQ(store.size(), 0);
}

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test/assert-test.cc
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// Formatting library for C++ - FMT_ASSERT test
//
// It is a separate test to minimize the number of EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH checks
// which are slow on some platforms. In other tests FMT_ASSERT is made to throw
// an exception which is much faster and easier to check.
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#include "fmt/base.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
TEST(assert_test, fail) {
#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(FMT_ASSERT(false, "don't panic!"), "don't panic!");
#else
fmt::print("warning: death tests are not supported\n");
#endif
}
TEST(assert_test, dangling_else) {
bool test_condition = false;
bool executed_else = false;
if (test_condition)
FMT_ASSERT(true, "");
else
executed_else = true;
EXPECT_TRUE(executed_else);
}

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test/base-test.cc
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// Formatting library for C++ - core tests
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
// Turn assertion failures into exceptions for testing.
// clang-format off
#include "test-assert.h"
// clang-format on
#include "fmt/base.h"
#include <limits.h> // INT_MAX
#include <string.h> // strlen
#include <functional> // std::equal_to
#include <iterator> // std::back_insert_iterator, std::distance
#include <limits> // std::numeric_limits
#include <string> // std::string
#include <type_traits> // std::is_same
#include "gmock/gmock.h"
#ifdef FMT_FORMAT_H_
# error base-test includes format.h
#endif
using testing::_;
using testing::Invoke;
using testing::Return;
auto copy(fmt::string_view s, fmt::appender out) -> fmt::appender {
for (char c : s) *out++ = c;
return out;
}
TEST(string_view_test, value_type) {
static_assert(std::is_same<fmt::string_view::value_type, char>::value, "");
}
TEST(string_view_test, ctor) {
EXPECT_STREQ(fmt::string_view("abc").data(), "abc");
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view("abc").size(), 3u);
EXPECT_STREQ(fmt::string_view(std::string("defg")).data(), "defg");
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(std::string("defg")).size(), 4u);
}
TEST(string_view_test, length) {
// Test that string_view::size() returns string length, not buffer size.
char str[100] = "some string";
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(str).size(), strlen(str));
EXPECT_LT(strlen(str), sizeof(str));
}
// Check string_view's comparison operator.
template <template <typename> class Op> void check_op() {
const char* inputs[] = {"foo", "fop", "fo"};
size_t num_inputs = sizeof(inputs) / sizeof(*inputs);
for (size_t i = 0; i < num_inputs; ++i) {
for (size_t j = 0; j < num_inputs; ++j) {
fmt::string_view lhs(inputs[i]), rhs(inputs[j]);
EXPECT_EQ(Op<int>()(lhs.compare(rhs), 0),
Op<fmt::string_view>()(lhs, rhs));
}
}
}
TEST(string_view_test, compare) {
using fmt::string_view;
EXPECT_EQ(string_view("foo").compare(string_view("foo")), 0);
EXPECT_GT(string_view("fop").compare(string_view("foo")), 0);
EXPECT_LT(string_view("foo").compare(string_view("fop")), 0);
EXPECT_GT(string_view("foo").compare(string_view("fo")), 0);
EXPECT_LT(string_view("fo").compare(string_view("foo")), 0);
EXPECT_TRUE(string_view("foo").starts_with('f'));
EXPECT_FALSE(string_view("foo").starts_with('o'));
EXPECT_FALSE(string_view().starts_with('o'));
EXPECT_TRUE(string_view("foo").starts_with("fo"));
EXPECT_TRUE(string_view("foo").starts_with("foo"));
EXPECT_FALSE(string_view("foo").starts_with("fooo"));
EXPECT_FALSE(string_view().starts_with("fooo"));
check_op<std::equal_to>();
check_op<std::not_equal_to>();
check_op<std::less>();
check_op<std::less_equal>();
check_op<std::greater>();
check_op<std::greater_equal>();
}
#if FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL
TEST(string_view_test, from_constexpr_fixed_string) {
constexpr int size = 4;
struct fixed_string {
char data[size] = {};
constexpr fixed_string(const char (&m)[size]) {
for (size_t i = 0; i != size; ++i) data[i] = m[i];
}
};
static constexpr auto fs = fixed_string("foo");
static constexpr auto sv = fmt::string_view(fs.data);
EXPECT_EQ(sv, "foo");
}
#endif // FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL
TEST(buffer_test, noncopyable) {
EXPECT_FALSE(std::is_copy_constructible<fmt::detail::buffer<char>>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(std::is_copy_assignable<fmt::detail::buffer<char>>::value);
}
TEST(buffer_test, nonmoveable) {
EXPECT_FALSE(std::is_move_constructible<fmt::detail::buffer<char>>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(std::is_move_assignable<fmt::detail::buffer<char>>::value);
}
TEST(buffer_test, indestructible) {
static_assert(!std::is_destructible<fmt::detail::buffer<int>>(),
"buffer's destructor is protected");
}
template <typename T> struct mock_buffer final : fmt::detail::buffer<T> {
MOCK_METHOD(size_t, do_grow, (size_t));
static void grow(fmt::detail::buffer<T>& buf, size_t capacity) {
auto& self = static_cast<mock_buffer&>(buf);
self.set(buf.data(), self.do_grow(capacity));
}
mock_buffer(T* data = nullptr, size_t buf_capacity = 0)
: fmt::detail::buffer<T>(grow) {
this->set(data, buf_capacity);
ON_CALL(*this, do_grow(_)).WillByDefault(Invoke([](size_t capacity) {
return capacity;
}));
}
};
TEST(buffer_test, ctor) {
{
mock_buffer<int> buffer;
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.data(), nullptr);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 0u);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.capacity(), 0u);
}
{
int data;
mock_buffer<int> buffer(&data);
EXPECT_EQ(&buffer[0], &data);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 0u);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.capacity(), 0u);
}
{
int data;
size_t capacity = std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
mock_buffer<int> buffer(&data, capacity);
EXPECT_EQ(&buffer[0], &data);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 0u);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.capacity(), capacity);
}
}
TEST(buffer_test, access) {
char data[10];
mock_buffer<char> buffer(data, sizeof(data));
buffer[0] = 11;
EXPECT_EQ(buffer[0], 11);
buffer[3] = 42;
EXPECT_EQ(*(&buffer[0] + 3), 42);
const fmt::detail::buffer<char>& const_buffer = buffer;
EXPECT_EQ(const_buffer[3], 42);
}
TEST(buffer_test, try_resize) {
char data[123];
mock_buffer<char> buffer(data, sizeof(data));
buffer[10] = 42;
EXPECT_EQ(buffer[10], 42);
buffer.try_resize(20);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 20u);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.capacity(), 123u);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer[10], 42);
buffer.try_resize(5);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 5u);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.capacity(), 123u);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer[10], 42);
// Check if try_resize calls grow.
EXPECT_CALL(buffer, do_grow(124));
buffer.try_resize(124);
EXPECT_CALL(buffer, do_grow(200));
buffer.try_resize(200);
}
TEST(buffer_test, try_resize_partial) {
char data[10];
mock_buffer<char> buffer(data, sizeof(data));
EXPECT_CALL(buffer, do_grow(20)).WillOnce(Return(15));
buffer.try_resize(20);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.capacity(), 15);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 15);
}
TEST(buffer_test, clear) {
mock_buffer<char> buffer;
EXPECT_CALL(buffer, do_grow(20));
buffer.try_resize(20);
buffer.try_resize(0);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 0u);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.capacity(), 20u);
}
TEST(buffer_test, append) {
char data[15];
mock_buffer<char> buffer(data, 10);
auto test = "test";
buffer.append(test, test + 5);
EXPECT_STREQ(&buffer[0], test);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 5u);
buffer.try_resize(10);
EXPECT_CALL(buffer, do_grow(12));
buffer.append(test, test + 2);
EXPECT_EQ(buffer[10], 't');
EXPECT_EQ(buffer[11], 'e');
EXPECT_EQ(buffer.size(), 12u);
}
TEST(buffer_test, append_partial) {
char data[10];
mock_buffer<char> buffer(data, sizeof(data));
testing::InSequence seq;
EXPECT_CALL(buffer, do_grow(15)).WillOnce(Return(10));
EXPECT_CALL(buffer, do_grow(15)).WillOnce(Invoke([&buffer](size_t) {
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(buffer.data(), buffer.size()), "0123456789");
buffer.clear();
return 10;
}));
auto test = "0123456789abcde";
buffer.append(test, test + 15);
}
TEST(buffer_test, append_allocates_enough_storage) {
char data[19];
mock_buffer<char> buffer(data, 10);
auto test = "abcdefgh";
buffer.try_resize(10);
EXPECT_CALL(buffer, do_grow(19));
buffer.append(test, test + 9);
}
TEST(base_test, is_locking) {
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::detail::is_locking<const char(&)[3]>());
}
TEST(base_test, is_output_iterator) {
EXPECT_TRUE((fmt::detail::is_output_iterator<char*, char>::value));
EXPECT_FALSE((fmt::detail::is_output_iterator<const char*, char>::value));
EXPECT_FALSE((fmt::detail::is_output_iterator<std::string, char>::value));
EXPECT_TRUE(
(fmt::detail::is_output_iterator<std::back_insert_iterator<std::string>,
char>::value));
EXPECT_TRUE(
(fmt::detail::is_output_iterator<std::string::iterator, char>::value));
EXPECT_FALSE((fmt::detail::is_output_iterator<std::string::const_iterator,
char>::value));
}
TEST(base_test, is_back_insert_iterator) {
EXPECT_TRUE(fmt::detail::is_back_insert_iterator<
std::back_insert_iterator<std::string>>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::detail::is_back_insert_iterator<
std::front_insert_iterator<std::string>>::value);
}
struct minimal_container {
using value_type = char;
void push_back(char) {}
};
TEST(base_test, copy) {
minimal_container c;
static constexpr char str[] = "a";
fmt::detail::copy<char>(str, str + 1, std::back_inserter(c));
}
TEST(base_test, get_buffer) {
mock_buffer<char> buffer;
void* buffer_ptr = &buffer;
auto&& appender_result = fmt::detail::get_buffer<char>(fmt::appender(buffer));
EXPECT_EQ(&appender_result, buffer_ptr);
auto&& back_inserter_result =
fmt::detail::get_buffer<char>(std::back_inserter(buffer));
EXPECT_EQ(&back_inserter_result, buffer_ptr);
}
struct test_struct {};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <typename Char> struct formatter<test_struct, Char> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(test_struct, format_context& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return copy("test", ctx.out());
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
// Use a unique result type to make sure that there are no undesirable
// conversions.
struct test_result {};
template <typename T> struct mock_visitor {
template <typename U> struct result {
using type = test_result;
};
mock_visitor() {
ON_CALL(*this, visit(_)).WillByDefault(Return(test_result()));
}
MOCK_METHOD(test_result, visit, (T));
MOCK_METHOD(void, unexpected, ());
auto operator()(T value) -> test_result { return visit(value); }
template <typename U> auto operator()(U) -> test_result {
unexpected();
return test_result();
}
};
template <typename T> struct visit_type {
using type = T;
};
#define VISIT_TYPE(type_, visit_type_) \
template <> struct visit_type<type_> { \
using type = visit_type_; \
}
VISIT_TYPE(signed char, int);
VISIT_TYPE(unsigned char, unsigned);
VISIT_TYPE(short, int);
VISIT_TYPE(unsigned short, unsigned);
#if LONG_MAX == INT_MAX
VISIT_TYPE(long, int);
VISIT_TYPE(unsigned long, unsigned);
#else
VISIT_TYPE(long, long long);
VISIT_TYPE(unsigned long, unsigned long long);
#endif
#if FMT_BUILTIN_TYPES
# define CHECK_ARG(expected, value) \
{ \
testing::StrictMock<mock_visitor<decltype(expected)>> visitor; \
EXPECT_CALL(visitor, visit(expected)); \
auto var = value; \
fmt::basic_format_arg<fmt::format_context>(var).visit(visitor); \
}
#else
# define CHECK_ARG(expected, value)
#endif
#define CHECK_ARG_SIMPLE(value) \
{ \
using value_type = decltype(value); \
typename visit_type<value_type>::type expected = value; \
CHECK_ARG(expected, value) \
}
TEST(arg_test, format_args) {
auto args = fmt::format_args();
EXPECT_FALSE(args.get(1));
}
TEST(arg_test, char_arg) { CHECK_ARG('a', 'a'); }
TEST(arg_test, string_arg) {
char str_data[] = "test";
char* str = str_data;
const char* cstr = str;
CHECK_ARG(cstr, str);
auto sv = fmt::string_view(str);
CHECK_ARG(sv, std::string(str));
}
TEST(arg_test, pointer_arg) {
void* p = nullptr;
const void* cp = nullptr;
CHECK_ARG(cp, p);
CHECK_ARG_SIMPLE(cp);
}
TEST(arg_test, volatile_pointer_arg) {
const void* p = nullptr;
volatile int* vip = nullptr;
const volatile int* cvip = nullptr;
CHECK_ARG(p, static_cast<volatile void*>(vip));
CHECK_ARG(p, static_cast<const volatile void*>(cvip));
}
struct check_custom {
auto operator()(fmt::basic_format_arg<fmt::format_context>::handle h) const
-> test_result {
struct test_buffer final : fmt::detail::buffer<char> {
char data[10];
test_buffer()
: fmt::detail::buffer<char>([](buffer<char>&, size_t) {}, data, 0,
10) {}
} buffer;
auto parse_ctx = fmt::format_parse_context("");
auto ctx = fmt::format_context(fmt::appender(buffer), fmt::format_args());
h.format(parse_ctx, ctx);
EXPECT_EQ(std::string(buffer.data, buffer.size()), "test");
return test_result();
}
};
TEST(arg_test, custom_arg) {
auto test = test_struct();
using visitor =
mock_visitor<fmt::basic_format_arg<fmt::format_context>::handle>;
auto&& v = testing::StrictMock<visitor>();
EXPECT_CALL(v, visit(_)).WillOnce(Invoke(check_custom()));
fmt::basic_format_arg<fmt::format_context>(test).visit(v);
}
TEST(arg_test, visit_invalid_arg) {
auto&& visitor = testing::StrictMock<mock_visitor<fmt::monostate>>();
EXPECT_CALL(visitor, visit(_));
fmt::basic_format_arg<fmt::format_context>().visit(visitor);
}
template <typename T> class numeric_arg_test : public testing::Test {};
#if FMT_BUILTIN_TYPES
using test_types =
testing::Types<bool, signed char, unsigned char, short, unsigned short, int,
unsigned, long, unsigned long, long long, unsigned long long,
float, double, long double>;
#else
using test_types = testing::Types<int>;
#endif
TYPED_TEST_SUITE(numeric_arg_test, test_types);
template <typename T, fmt::enable_if_t<std::is_integral<T>::value, int> = 0>
auto test_value() -> T {
return static_cast<T>(42);
}
template <typename T,
fmt::enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<T>::value, int> = 0>
auto test_value() -> T {
return static_cast<T>(4.2);
}
TYPED_TEST(numeric_arg_test, make_and_visit) {
CHECK_ARG_SIMPLE(test_value<TypeParam>());
CHECK_ARG_SIMPLE(std::numeric_limits<TypeParam>::min());
CHECK_ARG_SIMPLE(std::numeric_limits<TypeParam>::max());
}
#if FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
enum class arg_id_result { none, index, name };
struct test_arg_id_handler {
arg_id_result res = arg_id_result::none;
int index = 0;
fmt::string_view name;
constexpr void on_index(int i) {
res = arg_id_result::index;
index = i;
}
constexpr void on_name(fmt::string_view n) {
res = arg_id_result::name;
name = n;
}
};
template <size_t N>
constexpr auto parse_arg_id(const char (&s)[N]) -> test_arg_id_handler {
auto h = test_arg_id_handler();
fmt::detail::parse_arg_id(s, s + N, h);
return h;
}
TEST(base_test, constexpr_parse_arg_id) {
static_assert(parse_arg_id("42:").res == arg_id_result::index, "");
static_assert(parse_arg_id("42:").index == 42, "");
static_assert(parse_arg_id("foo:").res == arg_id_result::name, "");
static_assert(parse_arg_id("foo:").name.size() == 3, "");
}
template <size_t N> constexpr auto parse_test_specs(const char (&s)[N]) {
auto ctx = fmt::detail::compile_parse_context<char>(fmt::string_view(s, N),
43, nullptr);
auto specs = fmt::detail::dynamic_format_specs<>();
fmt::detail::parse_format_specs(s, s + N - 1, specs, ctx,
fmt::detail::type::float_type);
return specs;
}
TEST(base_test, constexpr_parse_format_specs) {
static_assert(parse_test_specs("<").align() == fmt::align::left, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("*^").fill_unit<char>() == '*', "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("+").sign() == fmt::sign::plus, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("-").sign() == fmt::sign::none, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs(" ").sign() == fmt::sign::space, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("#").alt(), "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("0").align() == fmt::align::numeric, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("L").localized(), "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("42").width == 42, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("{42}").width_ref.index == 42, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs(".42").precision == 42, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs(".{42}").precision_ref.index == 42, "");
static_assert(parse_test_specs("f").type() == fmt::presentation_type::fixed,
"");
}
struct test_format_string_handler {
constexpr void on_text(const char*, const char*) {}
constexpr auto on_arg_id() -> int { return 0; }
template <typename T> constexpr auto on_arg_id(T) -> int { return 0; }
constexpr void on_replacement_field(int, const char*) {}
constexpr auto on_format_specs(int, const char* begin, const char*) -> const
char* {
return begin;
}
constexpr void on_error(const char*) { error = true; }
bool error = false;
};
template <size_t N> constexpr auto parse_string(const char (&s)[N]) -> bool {
auto h = test_format_string_handler();
fmt::detail::parse_format_string(fmt::string_view(s, N - 1), h);
return !h.error;
}
TEST(base_test, constexpr_parse_format_string) {
static_assert(parse_string("foo"), "");
static_assert(!parse_string("}"), "");
static_assert(parse_string("{}"), "");
static_assert(parse_string("{42}"), "");
static_assert(parse_string("{foo}"), "");
static_assert(parse_string("{:}"), "");
}
#endif // FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
struct enabled_formatter {};
struct enabled_ptr_formatter {};
struct disabled_formatter {};
struct disabled_formatter_convertible {
operator int() const { return 42; }
};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <> struct formatter<enabled_formatter> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(enabled_formatter, format_context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return ctx.out();
}
};
template <> struct formatter<enabled_ptr_formatter*> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(enabled_ptr_formatter*, format_context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return ctx.out();
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
struct const_formattable {};
struct nonconst_formattable {};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <> struct formatter<const_formattable> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(const const_formattable&, format_context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return copy("test", ctx.out());
}
};
template <> struct formatter<nonconst_formattable> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(nonconst_formattable&, format_context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return copy("test", ctx.out());
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
struct convertible_to_pointer {
operator const int*() const { return nullptr; }
};
struct convertible_to_pointer_formattable {
operator const int*() const { return nullptr; }
};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <> struct formatter<convertible_to_pointer_formattable> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(convertible_to_pointer_formattable, format_context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) {
return copy("test", ctx.out());
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
enum class unformattable_scoped_enum {};
TEST(base_test, is_formattable) {
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<void>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<wchar_t>::value);
#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<char8_t>::value);
#endif
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<char16_t>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<char32_t>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<signed char*>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<unsigned char*>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<const signed char*>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<const unsigned char*>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<const wchar_t*>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<const wchar_t[3]>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<fmt::basic_string_view<wchar_t>>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<enabled_ptr_formatter*>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<disabled_formatter>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<disabled_formatter_convertible>::value);
EXPECT_TRUE(fmt::is_formattable<enabled_formatter>::value);
EXPECT_TRUE(fmt::is_formattable<const_formattable&>::value);
EXPECT_TRUE(fmt::is_formattable<const const_formattable&>::value);
EXPECT_TRUE(fmt::is_formattable<nonconst_formattable&>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<const nonconst_formattable&>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<convertible_to_pointer>::value);
const auto f = convertible_to_pointer_formattable();
auto str = std::string();
fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(str), "{}", f);
EXPECT_EQ(str, "test");
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<void (*)()>::value);
struct s;
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<int(s::*)>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<int (s::*)()>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<unformattable_scoped_enum>::value);
EXPECT_FALSE(fmt::is_formattable<unformattable_scoped_enum>::value);
}
#ifdef __cpp_concepts
TEST(base_test, formattable_concept) {
static_assert(fmt::formattable<char>);
static_assert(fmt::formattable<char&>);
static_assert(fmt::formattable<char&&>);
static_assert(fmt::formattable<const char>);
static_assert(fmt::formattable<const char&>);
static_assert(fmt::formattable<const char&&>);
static_assert(fmt::formattable<int>);
static_assert(!fmt::formattable<wchar_t>);
}
#endif
TEST(base_test, format_to) {
auto s = std::string();
fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(s), "{}", 42);
EXPECT_EQ(s, "42");
}
TEST(base_test, format_to_array) {
char buffer[4];
auto result = fmt::format_to(buffer, "{}", 12345);
EXPECT_EQ(std::distance(&buffer[0], result.out), 4);
EXPECT_TRUE(result.truncated);
EXPECT_EQ(result.out, buffer + 4);
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(buffer, 4), "1234");
char* out = nullptr;
EXPECT_THROW(out = result, std::runtime_error);
(void)out;
result = fmt::format_to(buffer, "{:s}", "foobar");
EXPECT_EQ(std::distance(&buffer[0], result.out), 4);
EXPECT_TRUE(result.truncated);
EXPECT_EQ(result.out, buffer + 4);
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(buffer, 4), "foob");
buffer[0] = 'x';
buffer[1] = 'x';
buffer[2] = 'x';
buffer[3] = 'x';
result = fmt::format_to(buffer, "{}", 'A');
EXPECT_EQ(std::distance(&buffer[0], result.out), 1);
EXPECT_FALSE(result.truncated);
EXPECT_EQ(result.out, buffer + 1);
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(buffer, 4), "Axxx");
result = fmt::format_to(buffer, "{}{} ", 'B', 'C');
EXPECT_EQ(std::distance(&buffer[0], result.out), 3);
EXPECT_FALSE(result.truncated);
EXPECT_EQ(result.out, buffer + 3);
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(buffer, 4), "BC x");
result = fmt::format_to(buffer, "{}", "ABCDE");
EXPECT_EQ(std::distance(&buffer[0], result.out), 4);
EXPECT_TRUE(result.truncated);
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(buffer, 4), "ABCD");
result = fmt::format_to(buffer, "{}", std::string(1000, '*').c_str());
EXPECT_EQ(std::distance(&buffer[0], result.out), 4);
EXPECT_TRUE(result.truncated);
EXPECT_EQ(fmt::string_view(buffer, 4), "****");
}
// Test that check is not found by ADL.
template <typename T> void check(T);
TEST(base_test, adl_check) {
auto s = std::string();
fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(s), "{}", test_struct());
EXPECT_EQ(s, "test");
}
struct implicitly_convertible_to_string_view {
operator fmt::string_view() const { return "foo"; }
};
TEST(base_test, no_implicit_conversion_to_string_view) {
EXPECT_FALSE(
fmt::is_formattable<implicitly_convertible_to_string_view>::value);
}
struct explicitly_convertible_to_string_view {
explicit operator fmt::string_view() const { return "foo"; }
};
TEST(base_test, format_explicitly_convertible_to_string_view) {
// Types explicitly convertible to string_view are not formattable by
// default because it may introduce ODR violations.
static_assert(
!fmt::is_formattable<explicitly_convertible_to_string_view>::value, "");
}
#if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L
struct implicitly_convertible_to_std_string_view {
operator std::string_view() const { return "foo"; }
};
TEST(base_test, no_implicit_conversion_to_std_string_view) {
EXPECT_FALSE(
fmt::is_formattable<implicitly_convertible_to_std_string_view>::value);
}
struct explicitly_convertible_to_std_string_view {
explicit operator std::string_view() const { return "foo"; }
};
TEST(base_test, format_explicitly_convertible_to_std_string_view) {
// Types explicitly convertible to string_view are not formattable by
// default because it may introduce ODR violations.
static_assert(
!fmt::is_formattable<explicitly_convertible_to_std_string_view>::value,
"");
}
#endif // FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L
TEST(base_test, has_formatter) {
EXPECT_TRUE((fmt::detail::has_formatter<const const_formattable, char>()));
EXPECT_FALSE(
(fmt::detail::has_formatter<const nonconst_formattable, char>()));
}
TEST(base_test, format_nonconst) {
auto s = std::string();
fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(s), "{}", nonconst_formattable());
EXPECT_EQ(s, "test");
}
TEST(base_test, throw_in_buffer_dtor) {
constexpr int buffer_size = 256;
struct throwing_iterator {
int& count;
auto operator=(char) -> throwing_iterator& {
if (++count > buffer_size) throw std::exception();
return *this;
}
auto operator*() -> throwing_iterator& { return *this; }
auto operator++() -> throwing_iterator& { return *this; }
auto operator++(int) -> throwing_iterator { return *this; }
};
try {
int count = 0;
fmt::format_to(throwing_iterator{count}, fmt::runtime("{:{}}{"), "",
buffer_size + 1);
} catch (const std::exception&) {
}
}
struct convertible_to_any_type_with_member_x {
template <typename T> operator T() const {
auto v = T();
v.x = 42;
return v;
}
};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <> struct formatter<convertible_to_any_type_with_member_x> {
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
return ctx.begin();
}
auto format(convertible_to_any_type_with_member_x, format_context& ctx) const
-> decltype(ctx.out()) const {
auto out = ctx.out();
*out++ = 'x';
return out;
}
};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
TEST(base_test, promiscuous_conversions) {
auto s = std::string();
fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(s), "{}",
convertible_to_any_type_with_member_x());
EXPECT_EQ(s, "x");
}
struct custom_container {
char data;
using value_type = char;
auto size() const -> size_t { return 0; }
void resize(size_t) {}
void push_back(char) {}
auto operator[](size_t) -> char& { return data; }
};
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
template <> struct is_contiguous<custom_container> : std::true_type {};
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
TEST(base_test, format_to_custom_container) {
auto c = custom_container();
fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(c), "");
}
TEST(base_test, no_repeated_format_string_conversions) {
struct nondeterministic_format_string {
mutable int i = 0;
FMT_CONSTEXPR operator fmt::string_view() const {
return {"{}", i++ != 0 ? 2u : 0u};
}
};
#if !FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 1200
char buf[10];
fmt::format_to(buf, nondeterministic_format_string());
#endif
}
TEST(base_test, format_context_accessors) {
auto copy = [](fmt::appender app, const fmt::format_context& ctx) {
return fmt::format_context(app, ctx.args(), ctx.locale());
};
fmt::detail::ignore_unused(copy);
}

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