.github/workflows/cifuzz.yml

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
         language: c++
 
     - name: Upload crash
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 # v4.6.0
       if: failure() && steps.build.outcome == 'success'
       with:
         name: artifacts

.github/workflows/doc.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+    - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
 
     - name: Add Ubuntu mirrors
       run: |

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ jobs:
   format_code:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+    - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
 
     - name: Install clang-format
       run: |
         wget https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh
-        sudo bash ./llvm.sh 21
+        sudo bash ./llvm.sh 17
-        sudo apt install clang-format-21
+        sudo apt install clang-format-17
 
     - name: Run clang-format
       run: |
         find include src -name '*.h' -o -name '*.cc' | \
-          xargs clang-format-21 -i -style=file -fallback-style=none
+          xargs clang-format-17 -i -style=file -fallback-style=none
         git diff --exit-code

.github/workflows/linux.yml

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
             install: sudo apt install libc++-14-dev libc++abi-14-dev
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+    - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
 
     - name: Set timezone
       run: sudo timedatectl set-timezone 'Europe/Kyiv'

.github/workflows/macos.yml

@@ -9,10 +9,13 @@ jobs:
   build:
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [macos-14]
+        os: [macos-13, macos-14]
         build_type: [Debug, Release]
-        std: [11, 17, 20, 23]
+        std: [11, 17, 20]
         shared: [""]
+        exclude:
+          - { os: macos-13, std: 11 }
+          - { os: macos-13, std: 17 }
         include:
           - os: macos-14
             std: 23
@@ -22,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: '${{ matrix.os }}'
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+    - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
 
     - name: Set timezone
       run: sudo systemsetup -settimezone 'Europe/Minsk'

.github/workflows/scorecard.yml

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: "Checkout code"
-        uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
       # Upload the results as artifacts (optional). Commenting out will disable uploads of run results in SARIF
       # format to the repository Actions tab.
       - name: "Upload artifact"
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 # v4.6.0
         with:
           name: SARIF file
           path: results.sarif
@@ -60,6 +60,6 @@ jobs:
 
       # Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee # v3.29.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@3599b3baa15b485a2e49ef411a7a4bb2452e7f93 # v3.29.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

.github/workflows/windows.yml

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
             standard: 20
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+    - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
 
     - name: Set timezone
       run: tzutil /s "FLE Standard Time"
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ jobs:
         release: false
         msystem: ${{matrix.sys}}
         pacboy: cc:p cmake:p ninja:p lld:p
-    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+    - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
     - name: Configure
       run: cmake -B ../build -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
       env: { LDFLAGS: -fuse-ld=lld }

README.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 alternative to C stdio and C++ iostreams.
 
 If you like this project, please consider donating to one of the funds
-that help victims of the war in Ukraine: <https://u24.gov.ua/>.
+that help victims of the war in Ukraine: <https://www.stopputin.net/>.
 
 [Documentation](https://fmt.dev)
 
@@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ int main() {
 }
 ```
 
-This can be [up to 9 times faster than `fprintf`](
+This can be [5 to 9 times faster than
-http://www.zverovich.net/2020/08/04/optimal-file-buffer-size.html).
+fprintf](http://www.zverovich.net/2020/08/04/optimal-file-buffer-size.html).
 
 **Print with colors and text styles**
 
@@ -178,17 +178,17 @@ Output on a modern terminal with Unicode support:
 
 | Library           | Method        | Run Time, s |
 |-------------------|---------------|-------------|
-| libc              | printf        |   0.66      |
+| libc              | printf        |   0.91      |
-| libc++            | std::ostream  |   1.63      |
+| libc++            | std::ostream  |   2.49      |
-| {fmt} 12.1        | fmt::print    |   0.44      |
+| {fmt} 9.1         | fmt::print    |   0.74      |
-| Boost Format 1.88 | boost::format |   3.89      |
+| Boost Format 1.80 | boost::format |   6.26      |
-| Folly Format      | folly::format |   1.28      |
+| Folly Format      | folly::format |   1.87      |
 
-{fmt} is the fastest of the benchmarked methods, \~50% faster than
+{fmt} is the fastest of the benchmarked methods, \~20% faster than
 `printf`.
 
 The above results were generated by building `tinyformat_test.cpp` on
-macOS 15.6.1 with `clang++ -O3 -DNDEBUG -DSPEED_TEST -DHAVE_FORMAT`, and
+macOS 12.6.1 with `clang++ -O3 -DNDEBUG -DSPEED_TEST -DHAVE_FORMAT`, and
 taking the best of three runs. In the test, the format string
 `"%0.10f:%04d:%+g:%s:%p:%c:%%\n"` or equivalent is filled 2,000,000
 times with output sent to `/dev/null`; for further details refer to the
@@ -217,11 +217,11 @@ in the following tables.
 **Optimized build (-O3)**
 
 | Method        | Compile Time, s | Executable size, KiB | Stripped size, KiB |
-|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
+|---------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
 | printf        |             1.6 |                   54 |                 50 |
-| IOStreams       |            28.4 |                   98 |                 84 |
+| IOStreams     |            25.9 |                   98 |                 84 |
-| {fmt} `1122268` |             5.0 |                   54 |                 50 |
+| fmt 83652df   |             4.8 |                   54 |                 50 |
-| tinyformat      |            32.6 |                  164 |                136 |
+| tinyformat    |            29.1 |                  161 |                136 |
 | Boost Format  |            55.0 |                  530 |                317 |
 
 {fmt} is fast to compile and is comparable to `printf` in terms of per-call
@@ -230,12 +230,12 @@ binary size (within a rounding error on this system).
 **Non-optimized build**
 
 | Method        | Compile Time, s | Executable size, KiB | Stripped size, KiB |
-|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
+|---------------|-----------------|----------------------|--------------------|
 | printf        |             1.4 |                   54 |                 50 |
-| IOStreams       |            27.0 |                   88 |                 68 |
+| IOStreams     |            23.4 |                   92 |                 68 |
-| {fmt} `1122268` |             4.7 |                   87 |                 84 |
+| {fmt} 83652df |             4.4 |                   89 |                 85 |
-| tinyformat      |            28.1 |                  185 |                145 |
+| tinyformat    |            24.5 |                  204 |                161 |
-| Boost Format    |            38.9 |                  678 |                381 |
+| Boost Format  |            36.4 |                  831 |                462 |
 
 `libc`, `lib(std)c++`, and `libfmt` are all linked as shared libraries
 to compare formatting function overhead only. Boost Format is a

doc/api.md

@@ -624,8 +624,6 @@ Example:
 
 ::: ostream
 
-::: output_file(cstring_view, T...)
-
 ::: windows_error
 
 <a id="ostream-api"></a>
@@ -708,7 +706,7 @@ following differences:
   precision that provides round-trip guarantees similarly to other languages
   like Java and Python. `std::format` is currently specified in terms of
   `std::to_chars` which tries to generate the smallest number of characters
-  (ignoring redundant digits and sign in exponent) and may produce more
+  (ignoring redundant digits and sign in exponent) and may procude more
   decimal digits than necessary.
 
 ## Configuration Options
@@ -748,7 +746,7 @@ configuring CMake.
     - `0` - off (default)
     - `1` - disables locale support and applies some optimizations
     - `2` - disables some Unicode features, named arguments and applies more
-      aggressive optimizations
+      aggresive optimizations
 
 ### Binary Size Optimization
 

doc/fmt.css

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
   margin-left: 1em;
 }
 
-code,
 pre > code.decl {
   white-space: pre-wrap;
 }

doc/index.md

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ hide:
 <p>
   The default is <b>locale-independent</b>, but you can opt into localized
   formatting and {fmt} makes it work with Unicode, addressing issues in the
-  standard library.
+  standard libary.
 </p>
 </div>
 

include/fmt/base.h

@@ -233,6 +233,7 @@
 FMT_PRAGMA_GCC(push_options)
 #if !defined(__OPTIMIZE__) && !defined(__CUDACC__) && !defined(FMT_MODULE)
 FMT_PRAGMA_GCC(optimize("Og"))
+#  define FMT_GCC_OPTIMIZED
 #endif
 FMT_PRAGMA_CLANG(diagnostic push)
 FMT_PRAGMA_GCC(diagnostic push)
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@ FMT_PRAGMA_GCC(diagnostic push)
 #  define FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE inline
 #endif
 // A version of FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE to prevent code bloat in debug mode.
-#ifdef NDEBUG
+#if defined(NDEBUG) || defined(FMT_GCC_OPTIMIZED)
 #  define FMT_INLINE FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE
 #else
 #  define FMT_INLINE inline
@@ -926,7 +927,7 @@ class locale_ref {
   template <typename Locale, FMT_ENABLE_IF(sizeof(Locale::collate) != 0)>
   locale_ref(const Locale& loc) : locale_(&loc) {
     // Check if std::isalpha is found via ADL to reduce the chance of misuse.
-    detail::ignore_unused(sizeof(isalpha('x', loc)));
+    isalpha('x', loc);
   }
 
   inline explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return locale_ != nullptr; }
@@ -1850,7 +1851,8 @@ template <typename T> class buffer {
 #if !FMT_MSC_VERSION || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1940
   FMT_CONSTEXPR20
 #endif
-      void append(const U* begin, const U* end) {
+      void
+      append(const U* begin, const U* end) {
     while (begin != end) {
       auto size = size_;
       auto free_cap = capacity_ - size;
@@ -2754,9 +2756,7 @@ template <typename... T> struct fstring {
     static_assert(count<(is_view<remove_cvref_t<T>>::value &&
                          std::is_reference<T>::value)...>() == 0,
                   "passing views as lvalues is disallowed");
-#if FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL
+    if (FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL) parse_format_string<char>(s, checker(s, arg_pack()));
-    parse_format_string<char>(s, checker(s, arg_pack()));
-#endif
 #ifdef FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING
     static_assert(
         FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL && sizeof(s) != 0,

include/fmt/compile.h

@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, const S& fmt, T&&... args)
     -> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
   using traits = detail::fixed_buffer_traits;
   auto buf = detail::iterator_buffer<OutputIt, char, traits>(out, n);
-  fmt::format_to(appender(buf), fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
+  fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
   return {buf.out(), buf.count()};
 }
 
@@ -559,8 +559,8 @@ template <size_t N> class static_format_result {
     *fmt::format_to(data, fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...) = '\0';
   }
 
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto str() const -> fmt::string_view { return {data, N - 1}; }
+  auto str() const -> fmt::string_view { return {data, N - 1}; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto c_str() const -> const char* { return data; }
+  auto c_str() const -> const char* { return data; }
 };
 
 /**

include/fmt/format-inl.h

@@ -30,14 +30,6 @@
 #  define FMT_FUNC
 #endif
 
-#if defined(FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX)
-// Use the provided definition.
-#elif defined(__OPTIMIZE_SIZE__)
-#  define FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX 0
-#else
-#  define FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX 1
-#endif
-
 FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
 #ifndef FMT_CUSTOM_ASSERT_FAIL

include/fmt/format.h

@@ -493,8 +493,8 @@ template <typename OutputIt,
 #if FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 307 && !FMT_ICC_VERSION
 __attribute__((no_sanitize("undefined")))
 #endif
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto reserve(OutputIt it, size_t n) ->
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto
-    typename OutputIt::value_type* {
+reserve(OutputIt it, size_t n) -> typename OutputIt::value_type* {
   auto& c = get_container(it);
   size_t size = c.size();
   c.resize(size + n);
@@ -736,8 +736,12 @@ using fast_float_t = conditional_t<sizeof(T) == sizeof(double), double, float>;
 template <typename T>
 using is_double_double = bool_constant<std::numeric_limits<T>::digits == 106>;
 
+#ifndef FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX
+#  define FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX 0
+#endif
+
 // An allocator that uses malloc/free to allow removing dependency on the C++
-// standard library runtime. std::decay is used for back_inserter to be found by
+// standard libary runtime. std::decay is used for back_inserter to be found by
 // ADL when applied to memory_buffer.
 template <typename T> struct allocator : private std::decay<void> {
   using value_type = T;
@@ -1307,13 +1311,7 @@ class utf8_to_utf16 {
   inline auto str() const -> std::wstring { return {&buffer_[0], size()}; }
 };
 
-enum class to_utf8_error_policy { abort, replace, wtf };
+enum class to_utf8_error_policy { abort, replace };
-
-inline void to_utf8_3bytes(buffer<char>& buf, uint32_t cp) {
-  buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xe0 | (cp >> 12)));
-  buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((cp & 0xfff) >> 6)));
-  buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (cp & 0x3f)));
-}
 
 // A converter from UTF-16/UTF-32 (host endian) to UTF-8.
 template <typename WChar, typename Buffer = memory_buffer> class to_utf8 {
@@ -1355,13 +1353,8 @@ template <typename WChar, typename Buffer = memory_buffer> class to_utf8 {
         // Handle a surrogate pair.
         ++p;
         if (p == s.end() || (c & 0xfc00) != 0xd800 || (*p & 0xfc00) != 0xdc00) {
-          switch (policy) {
+          if (policy == to_utf8_error_policy::abort) return false;
-          case to_utf8_error_policy::abort: return false;
-          case to_utf8_error_policy::replace:
           buf.append(string_view("\xEF\xBF\xBD"));
-            break;
-          case to_utf8_error_policy::wtf: to_utf8_3bytes(buf, c); break;
-          }
           --p;
           continue;
         }
@@ -1373,7 +1366,9 @@ template <typename WChar, typename Buffer = memory_buffer> class to_utf8 {
         buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xc0 | (c >> 6)));
         buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (c & 0x3f)));
       } else if ((c >= 0x800 && c <= 0xd7ff) || (c >= 0xe000 && c <= 0xffff)) {
-        to_utf8_3bytes(buf, c);
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xe0 | (c >> 12)));
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((c & 0xfff) >> 6)));
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (c & 0x3f)));
       } else if (c >= 0x10000 && c <= 0x10ffff) {
         buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xf0 | (c >> 18)));
         buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((c & 0x3ffff) >> 12)));
@@ -2539,7 +2534,7 @@ FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_fixed(OutputIt out, const DecimalFP& f,
     auto grouping = Grouping(loc, specs.localized());
     size += grouping.count_separators(exp);
     return write_padded<Char, align::right>(
-        out, specs, static_cast<size_t>(size), [&](iterator it) {
+        out, specs, to_unsigned(size), [&](iterator it) {
           if (s != sign::none) *it++ = detail::getsign<Char>(s);
           it = write_significand(it, f.significand, significand_size, exp,
                                  decimal_point, grouping);
@@ -2555,7 +2550,7 @@ FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_fixed(OutputIt out, const DecimalFP& f,
   bool pointy = num_zeros != 0 || significand_size != 0 || specs.alt();
   size += 1 + (pointy ? 1 : 0) + num_zeros;
   return write_padded<Char, align::right>(
-      out, specs, static_cast<size_t>(size), [&](iterator it) {
+      out, specs, to_unsigned(size), [&](iterator it) {
         if (s != sign::none) *it++ = detail::getsign<Char>(s);
         *it++ = Char('0');
         if (!pointy) return it;
@@ -2599,7 +2594,7 @@ FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto do_write_float(OutputIt out, const DecimalFP& f,
     *it++ = Char(exp_char);
     return write_exponent<Char>(exp, it);
   };
-  size_t usize = static_cast<size_t>(size);
+  auto usize = to_unsigned(size);
   return specs.width > 0
              ? write_padded<Char, align::right>(out, specs, usize, write)
              : base_iterator(out, write(reserve(out, usize)));
@@ -4253,11 +4248,7 @@ class format_int {
  *     // A compile-time error because 'd' is an invalid specifier for strings.
  *     std::string s = fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{:d}"), "foo");
  */
-#if FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL
-#  define FMT_STRING(s) s
-#else
 #define FMT_STRING(s) FMT_STRING_IMPL(s, fmt::detail::compile_string)
-#endif  // FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL
 
 FMT_API auto vsystem_error(int error_code, string_view fmt, format_args args)
     -> std::system_error;

include/fmt/os.h

@@ -161,6 +161,14 @@ inline auto system_category() noexcept -> const std::error_category& {
 }
 #endif  // _WIN32
 
+// std::system is not available on some platforms such as iOS (#2248).
+#ifdef __OSX__
+template <typename S, typename... Args, typename Char = char_t<S>>
+void say(const S& fmt, Args&&... args) {
+  std::system(format("say \"{}\"", format(fmt, args...)).c_str());
+}
+#endif
+
 // A buffered file.
 class buffered_file {
  private:

include/fmt/std.h

@@ -84,13 +84,11 @@ namespace detail {
 template <typename Char, typename PathChar>
 auto get_path_string(const std::filesystem::path& p,
                      const std::basic_string<PathChar>& native) {
-  if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Char, char> &&
+  if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Char, char> && std::is_same_v<PathChar, wchar_t>)
-                std::is_same_v<PathChar, wchar_t>) {
+    return to_utf8<wchar_t>(native, to_utf8_error_policy::replace);
-    return to_utf8<wchar_t>(native, to_utf8_error_policy::wtf);
+  else
-  } else {
     return p.string<Char>();
 }
-}
 
 template <typename Char, typename PathChar>
 void write_escaped_path(basic_memory_buffer<Char>& quoted,
@@ -647,11 +645,6 @@ struct formatter<std::atomic_flag, Char> : formatter<bool, Char> {
 };
 #endif  // __cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test
 
-template <typename T> struct is_tuple_like;
-
-template <typename T>
-struct is_tuple_like<std::complex<T>> : std::false_type {};
-
 template <typename T, typename Char> struct formatter<std::complex<T>, Char> {
  private:
   detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char> specs_;

support/python/mkdocstrings_handlers/cxx/__init__.py

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ tag_map = {
     'emphasis': 'em',
     'computeroutput': 'code',
     'para': 'p',
-    'itemizedlist': 'ul',
+    'programlisting': 'pre',
-    'listitem': 'li'
+    'verbatim': 'pre'
 }
 
 # A map from Doxygen tags to text.
@@ -50,37 +50,21 @@ def escape_html(s: str) -> str:
     return s.replace("<", "&lt;")
 
 
-# Converts a node from doxygen to HTML format.
-def convert_node(node: ElementTree.Element, tag: str, attrs: dict = {}):
-    out = '<' + tag
-    for key, value in attrs.items():
-        out += ' ' + key + '="' + value + '"'
-    out += '>'
-    if node.text:
-        out += escape_html(node.text)
-    out += doxyxml2html(list(node))
-    out += '</' + tag + '>'
-    if node.tail:
-        out += node.tail
-    return out
-
-
 def doxyxml2html(nodes: List[ElementTree.Element]):
     out = ''
     for n in nodes:
         tag = tag_map.get(n.tag)
-        if tag:
+        if not tag:
-            out += convert_node(n, tag)
-            continue
-        if n.tag == 'programlisting' or n.tag == 'verbatim':
-            out += '<pre>'
-            out += convert_node(n, 'code', {'class': 'language-cpp'})
-            out += '</pre>'
-            continue
-        if n.tag == 'ulink':
-            out += convert_node(n, 'a', {'href': n.attrib['url']})
-            continue
             out += tag_text_map[n.tag]
+        out += '<' + tag + '>' if tag else ''
+        out += '<code class="language-cpp">' if tag == 'pre' else ''
+        if n.text:
+            out += escape_html(n.text)
+        out += doxyxml2html(list(n))
+        out += '</code>' if tag == 'pre' else ''
+        out += '</' + tag + '>' if tag else ''
+        if n.tail:
+            out += n.tail
     return out
 
 

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -62,6 +62,11 @@ if (NOT (MSVC AND BUILD_SHARED_LIBS))
 endif ()
 add_fmt_test(ostream-test)
 add_fmt_test(compile-test)
+add_fmt_test(compile-fp-test)
+if (MSVC)
+  # Without this option, MSVC returns 199711L for the __cplusplus macro.
+  target_compile_options(compile-fp-test PRIVATE /Zc:__cplusplus)
+endif()
 add_fmt_test(printf-test)
 add_fmt_test(ranges-test ranges-odr-test.cc)
 add_fmt_test(no-builtin-types-test HEADER_ONLY)

test/compile-fp-test.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - formatting library tests
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#include "fmt/compile.h"
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+
+#if FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL
+
+template <size_t max_string_length, typename Char = char> struct test_string {
+  Char buffer[max_string_length] = {};
+
+  template <typename T> constexpr bool operator==(const T& rhs) const noexcept {
+    return fmt::basic_string_view<Char>(rhs).compare(buffer) == 0;
+  }
+};
+
+template <size_t max_string_length, typename Char = char, typename... Args>
+consteval auto test_format(auto format, const Args&... args) {
+  test_string<max_string_length, Char> string{};
+  fmt::format_to(string.buffer, format, args...);
+  return string;
+}
+
+TEST(compile_time_formatting_test, floating_point) {
+  EXPECT_EQ("0", test_format<2>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), 0.0f));
+  EXPECT_EQ("392.500000", test_format<11>(FMT_COMPILE("{0:f}"), 392.5f));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ("0", test_format<2>(FMT_COMPILE("{:}"), 0.0));
+  EXPECT_EQ("0.000000", test_format<9>(FMT_COMPILE("{:f}"), 0.0));
+  EXPECT_EQ("0", test_format<2>(FMT_COMPILE("{:g}"), 0.0));
+  EXPECT_EQ("392.65", test_format<7>(FMT_COMPILE("{:}"), 392.65));
+  EXPECT_EQ("392.65", test_format<7>(FMT_COMPILE("{:g}"), 392.65));
+  EXPECT_EQ("392.65", test_format<7>(FMT_COMPILE("{:G}"), 392.65));
+  EXPECT_EQ("4.9014e+06", test_format<11>(FMT_COMPILE("{:g}"), 4.9014e6));
+  EXPECT_EQ("-392.650000", test_format<12>(FMT_COMPILE("{:f}"), -392.65));
+  EXPECT_EQ("-392.650000", test_format<12>(FMT_COMPILE("{:F}"), -392.65));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ("3.926500e+02", test_format<13>(FMT_COMPILE("{0:e}"), 392.65));
+  EXPECT_EQ("3.926500E+02", test_format<13>(FMT_COMPILE("{0:E}"), 392.65));
+  EXPECT_EQ("+0000392.6", test_format<11>(FMT_COMPILE("{0:+010.4g}"), 392.65));
+  EXPECT_EQ("9223372036854775808.000000",
+            test_format<27>(FMT_COMPILE("{:f}"), 9223372036854775807.0));
+
+  constexpr double nan = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
+  EXPECT_EQ("nan", test_format<4>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), nan));
+  EXPECT_EQ("+nan", test_format<5>(FMT_COMPILE("{:+}"), nan));
+  if (std::signbit(-nan))
+    EXPECT_EQ("-nan", test_format<5>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), -nan));
+  else
+    fmt::print("Warning: compiler doesn't handle negative NaN correctly");
+
+  constexpr double inf = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
+  EXPECT_EQ("inf", test_format<4>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), inf));
+  EXPECT_EQ("+inf", test_format<5>(FMT_COMPILE("{:+}"), inf));
+  EXPECT_EQ("-inf", test_format<5>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), -inf));
+}
+
+#endif  // FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL

test/compile-test.cc

@@ -90,6 +90,9 @@ TEST(compile_test, format_escape) {
   EXPECT_EQ("\"abc\"  ", fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{0:<7?}"), "abc"));
 }
 
+TEST(compile_test, format_wide_string) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(L"42", fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE(L"{}"), 42));
+}
 
 TEST(compile_test, format_specs) {
   EXPECT_EQ("42", fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{:x}"), 0x42));
@@ -121,6 +124,7 @@ TEST(compile_test, manual_ordering) {
       "true 42 42 foo 0x1234 foo",
       fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5}"), true, 42, 42.0f,
                   "foo", reinterpret_cast<void*>(0x1234), test_formattable()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(L"42", fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE(L"{0}"), 42));
 }
 
 TEST(compile_test, named) {
@@ -129,6 +133,10 @@ TEST(compile_test, named) {
   static_assert(std::is_same_v<decltype(runtime_named_field_compiled),
                                fmt::detail::runtime_named_field<char>>);
 
+  EXPECT_EQ("42", fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), fmt::arg("arg", 42)));
+  EXPECT_EQ("41 43", fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{} {}"), fmt::arg("arg", 41),
+                                 fmt::arg("arg", 43)));
+
   EXPECT_EQ("foobar",
             fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{a0}{a1}"), fmt::arg("a0", "foo"),
                         fmt::arg("a1", "bar")));
@@ -310,6 +318,7 @@ TEST(compile_test, compile_format_string_literal) {
   using namespace fmt::literals;
   EXPECT_EQ("", fmt::format(""_cf));
   EXPECT_EQ("42", fmt::format("{}"_cf, 42));
+  EXPECT_EQ(L"42", fmt::format(L"{}"_cf, 42));
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -417,40 +426,6 @@ TEST(compile_time_formatting_test, custom_type) {
 TEST(compile_time_formatting_test, multibyte_fill) {
   EXPECT_EQ("жж42", test_format<8>(FMT_COMPILE("{:ж>4}"), 42));
 }
-
-TEST(compile_time_formatting_test, floating_point) {
-  EXPECT_EQ("0", test_format<2>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), 0.0f));
-  EXPECT_EQ("392.500000", test_format<11>(FMT_COMPILE("{0:f}"), 392.5f));
-
-  EXPECT_EQ("0", test_format<2>(FMT_COMPILE("{:}"), 0.0));
-  EXPECT_EQ("0.000000", test_format<9>(FMT_COMPILE("{:f}"), 0.0));
-  EXPECT_EQ("0", test_format<2>(FMT_COMPILE("{:g}"), 0.0));
-  EXPECT_EQ("392.65", test_format<7>(FMT_COMPILE("{:}"), 392.65));
-  EXPECT_EQ("392.65", test_format<7>(FMT_COMPILE("{:g}"), 392.65));
-  EXPECT_EQ("392.65", test_format<7>(FMT_COMPILE("{:G}"), 392.65));
-  EXPECT_EQ("4.9014e+06", test_format<11>(FMT_COMPILE("{:g}"), 4.9014e6));
-  EXPECT_EQ("-392.650000", test_format<12>(FMT_COMPILE("{:f}"), -392.65));
-  EXPECT_EQ("-392.650000", test_format<12>(FMT_COMPILE("{:F}"), -392.65));
-
-  EXPECT_EQ("3.926500e+02", test_format<13>(FMT_COMPILE("{0:e}"), 392.65));
-  EXPECT_EQ("3.926500E+02", test_format<13>(FMT_COMPILE("{0:E}"), 392.65));
-  EXPECT_EQ("+0000392.6", test_format<11>(FMT_COMPILE("{0:+010.4g}"), 392.65));
-  EXPECT_EQ("9223372036854775808.000000",
-            test_format<27>(FMT_COMPILE("{:f}"), 9223372036854775807.0));
-
-  constexpr double nan = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
-  EXPECT_EQ("nan", test_format<4>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), nan));
-  EXPECT_EQ("+nan", test_format<5>(FMT_COMPILE("{:+}"), nan));
-  if (std::signbit(-nan))
-    EXPECT_EQ("-nan", test_format<5>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), -nan));
-  else
-    fmt::print("Warning: compiler doesn't handle negative NaN correctly");
-
-  constexpr double inf = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
-  EXPECT_EQ("inf", test_format<4>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), inf));
-  EXPECT_EQ("+inf", test_format<5>(FMT_COMPILE("{:+}"), inf));
-  EXPECT_EQ("-inf", test_format<5>(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), -inf));
-}
 #endif
 
 #if FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR_STRING

test/format-test.cc

@@ -2036,6 +2036,11 @@ TEST(format_test, unpacked_args) {
                         6, 7, 8, 9, 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g'));
 }
 
+constexpr char with_null[3] = {'{', '}', '\0'};
+constexpr char no_null[2] = {'{', '}'};
+static constexpr char static_with_null[3] = {'{', '}', '\0'};
+static constexpr char static_no_null[2] = {'{', '}'};
+
 TEST(format_test, compile_time_string) {
   EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING("foo")), "foo");
   EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{}"), 42), "42");
@@ -2050,12 +2055,19 @@ TEST(format_test, compile_time_string) {
   EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{} {two}"), 1, "two"_a = 2), "1 2");
 #endif
 
-  static constexpr char format_str[3] = {'{', '}', '\0'};
+  (void)static_with_null;
-  (void)format_str;
+  (void)static_no_null;
 #ifndef _MSC_VER
-  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING(format_str), 42), "42");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING(static_with_null), 42), "42");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING(static_no_null), 42), "42");
 #endif
 
+  (void)with_null;
+  (void)no_null;
+#if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING(with_null), 42), "42");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING(no_null), 42), "42");
+#endif
 #if defined(FMT_USE_STRING_VIEW) && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L
   EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format(FMT_STRING(std::string_view("{}")), 42), "42");
 #endif

test/fuzzing/chrono-duration.cc

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ void invoke_inner(fmt::string_view format_str, Rep rep) {
   auto value = std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>(rep);
   try {
 #if FMT_FUZZ_FORMAT_TO_STRING
-    std::string message = fmt::format(fmt::runtime(format_str), value);
+    std::string message = fmt::format(format_str, value);
 #else
     auto buf = fmt::memory_buffer();
-    fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), fmt::runtime(format_str), value);
+    fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), format_str, value);
 #endif
   } catch (std::exception&) {
   }

test/fuzzing/fuzzer-common.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #define FMT_FUZZ_SEPARATE_ALLOCATION 1
 
 // The size of the largest possible type in use.
-// To let the fuzzer mutation be efficient at cross pollinating between
+// To let the the fuzzer mutation be efficient at cross pollinating between
 // different types, use a fixed size format. The same bit pattern, interpreted
 // as another type, is likely interesting.
 constexpr auto fixed_size = 16;

test/ostream-test.cc

@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ template <> struct formatter<abstract> : ostream_formatter {};
 }  // namespace fmt
 
 void format_abstract_compiles(const abstract& a) {
-  (void)fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), a);
+  fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), a);
 }
 
 TEST(ostream_test, is_formattable) {

test/std-test.cc

@@ -39,12 +39,13 @@ TEST(std_test, path) {
   EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"\x0428\x0447\x0443\x0447\x044B\x043D\x0448"
                                    L"\x0447\x044B\x043D\x0430")),
             "Шчучыншчына");
-  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"\xD800")), "\xED\xA0\x80");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"\xd800")), "<EFBFBD>");
-  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"[\xD800]")), "[\xED\xA0\x80]");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"HEAD \xd800 TAIL")), "HEAD <20> TAIL");
-  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"[\xD83D\xDE00]")), "[\xF0\x9F\x98\x80]");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"HEAD \xD83D\xDE00 TAIL")),
-  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"[\xD83D\xD83D\xDE00]")),
+            "HEAD \xF0\x9F\x98\x80 TAIL");
-            "[\xED\xA0\xBD\xF0\x9F\x98\x80]");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", path(L"HEAD \xD83D\xD83D\xDE00 TAIL")),
-  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{:?}", path(L"\xD800")), "\"\\ud800\"");
+            "HEAD <20>\xF0\x9F\x98\x80 TAIL");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{:?}", path(L"\xd800")), "\"\\ud800\"");
 #  endif
 }