diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.cc
index fab977e07..10d429c9a 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.cc
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ class TestGenerationEnvironment : public ::testing::Environment {
       msg << "TestsExpandedAndRun/" << i;
       if (UnitTestOptions::FilterMatchesTest(
               "TestExpansionModule/MultipleTestGenerationTest",
-              msg.GetString().c_str())) {
+              msg.GetString())) {
         perform_check = true;
       }
     }
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-printers-test.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-printers-test.cc
index c5d9756d5..7d7e933e2 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-printers-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-printers-test.cc
@@ -1699,7 +1699,7 @@ TEST(PrintToStringTest, ContainsNonLatin) {
   EXPECT_PRINT_TO_STRING_(non_ascii_str,
                           "\"\\xEC\\x98\\xA4\\xEC\\xA0\\x84 4:30\"\n"
                           "    As Text: \"오전 4:30\"");
-  non_ascii_str = ::std::string("From ä — ẑ");
+  non_ascii_str = "From ä — ẑ";
   EXPECT_PRINT_TO_STRING_(non_ascii_str,
                           "\"From \\xC3\\xA4 \\xE2\\x80\\x94 \\xE1\\xBA\\x91\""
                           "\n    As Text: \"From ä — ẑ\"");
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
index af8e757dc..daebd4322 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_stress_test.cc
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ void ManyAsserts(int id) {
 
     // RecordProperty() should interact safely with other threads as well.
     // The shared_key forces property updates.
-    Test::RecordProperty(IdToKey(id, "string").c_str(), IdToString(id).c_str());
+    Test::RecordProperty(IdToKey(id, "string"), IdToString(id));
     Test::RecordProperty(IdToKey(id, "int").c_str(), id);
-    Test::RecordProperty("shared_key", IdToString(id).c_str());
+    Test::RecordProperty("shared_key", IdToString(id));
 
     // This assertion should fail kThreadCount times per thread.  It
     // is for testing whether Google Test can handle failed assertions in a
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
index a31b7ba0b..3680b918b 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
@@ -2649,8 +2649,8 @@ TEST(IsSubstringTest, GeneratesCorrectMessageForCString) {
 // Tests that IsSubstring returns the correct result when the input
 // argument type is ::std::string.
 TEST(IsSubstringTest, ReturnsCorrectResultsForStdString) {
-  EXPECT_TRUE(IsSubstring("", "", std::string("hello"), "ahellob"));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(IsSubstring("", "", "hello", std::string("world")));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsSubstring("", "", "hello", "ahellob"));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsSubstring("", "", "hello", "world"));
 }
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
@@ -2707,8 +2707,8 @@ TEST(IsNotSubstringTest, GeneratesCorrectMessageForWideCString) {
 // Tests that IsNotSubstring returns the correct result when the input
 // argument type is ::std::string.
 TEST(IsNotSubstringTest, ReturnsCorrectResultsForStdString) {
-  EXPECT_FALSE(IsNotSubstring("", "", std::string("hello"), "ahellob"));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(IsNotSubstring("", "", "hello", std::string("world")));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(IsNotSubstring("", "", "hello", "ahellob"));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsNotSubstring("", "", "hello", "world"));
 }
 
 // Tests that IsNotSubstring() generates the correct message when the input
@@ -2719,8 +2719,7 @@ TEST(IsNotSubstringTest, GeneratesCorrectMessageForStdString) {
       "  Actual: \"needle\"\n"
       "Expected: not a substring of haystack_expr\n"
       "Which is: \"two needles\"",
-      IsNotSubstring("needle_expr", "haystack_expr", ::std::string("needle"),
-                     "two needles")
+      IsNotSubstring("needle_expr", "haystack_expr", "needle", "two needles")
           .failure_message());
 }
 
@@ -3655,8 +3654,7 @@ TEST(AssertionTest, EqFailure) {
       msg4.c_str());
 
   const std::string msg5(
-      EqFailure("foo", "bar", std::string("\"x\""), std::string("\"y\""), true)
-          .failure_message());
+      EqFailure("foo", "bar", "\"x\"", "\"y\"", true).failure_message());
   EXPECT_STREQ(
       "Expected equality of these values:\n"
       "  foo\n"