4a88884b39
* Add ranges * Initial Hugo setup * Work in progress * Added selection for local or remote site * Updated to 'light' theme * Changed to using Hextra Hugo theme * Changed to using Hextra Hugo theme * Changed to Hextra Hugo theme * Change to Hextra Hugo theme * Updated Hugo setup. * Updated Hugo setup. # Conflicts: # docs/releases/_index.md * Work in progress * Added new fonts Added new documentation * Latest documentation updates * Latest documentation updates # Conflicts: # docs/containers/array.md # docs/containers/array_view.md # docs/containers/array_wrapper.md # docs/containers/bip_buffer_spsc_atomic.md # docs/containers/bitset.md # docs/containers/indirect_vector.md # docs/containers/vector.md # docs/getting-started/compilers.md * Added bloom_filter markdown doc * Added more documentation Updated CSS for light and dark modes * Fixed some menus Added mode documentation files * Updated CSS rules Added badges to home page Added uniqur_ptr + pool tutorial * Fixed formatting on the home page markdown Modified light amd dark code formatting * Updated unique_ptr-with-pool * Added container and shared message tutorials * Updates to documentation * Added const_multimap * Updated source-formatting.md * Added initial raw text files form Web site editor * Innore coverage build directory * Exported raw text documentation files from the web site editor * Hugo updates * Added Hugo intalation and markdown descriptions * More addition to the documentation * Added closure.md and updates to delegate.md * Added format.md * Added documentation for etl::delegate_observable, etl::function, Base64 codec * Added io_port documentation * Added basic_format_spec * Added documentation for string_stream and string utilities. * Added more documentation Updated the documentation CSS * Added documentation for clocks, day, duration * Added more documentation for chrono classes Updated callouts * More chrono documentation * Completed chrono documentation * Maths functions documentation * Completed maths documentation * Completed maths documentation * Completed maths documentation * Completed maths documentation * Added multiple documentation files * Added iterator.md * Added debug_count.md and versions.md * Added debug_count.md and versions.md * Added more documentation * More documentation * Added some design pattern documentation Modified some of the layout files Modified the About documentation * Converted more documentation pages Modified the site CSS * Added more documentation Moced some documentation files to new directories * Added more documentation Tweaks to CSS * Added callback_timer_deferred_locked documentation * Added callback_timer_locked documentation * More documentation updates * More documentation updates * More documentation updates * New documentation files. Harmonised file name format * New documentation files. * Multiple document updates * Multiple document updates * Final conversion of web pages * Updates before PR * Updates before PR * Updates before PR # Conflicts: # docs/blog/_index.md * Final pre PR updates * Updates to message framework documentation * Renamed directory * Fix spelling * Added author and date to blog files Moved documentation files merged from development * Fixed 'Description' typo * Fix typos # Conflicts: # docs/IO/io_port.md # docs/containers/sets/const-multiset.md # docs/containers/sets/const-set.md # docs/maths/correlation.md # docs/maths/gamma.md * Renamed two files to lower case * Minor renaming * Added author and date * Updated callout on bresenham_line.md Added support for showing the ETL version on the documentation first page, by copying the version.txt file as a hugo asset. Updated the Python 'update_release.py' to copy 'version.txt' * Replace space in filename with hyphen. Added more information to hugo-commands.md * Replace space in filename with hyphen. Added more information to hugo-commands.md # Conflicts: # docs/getting-started/view-the-docs-locally/hugo-commands.md * Added a link to pseudo_moving_average.md * Updated title pages for groups * Fixed missing 404 for non-existent pages * Fixed coordinate variable names in the 'Calculating the intersection' example --------- Co-authored-by: Roland Reichwein <Roland.Reichwein@bmw.de> Co-authored-by: John Wellbelove <john.wellbelove@etlcpp.com> Co-authored-by: John Wellbelove <john.wellbelove@etlcpp.co.uk>
11 KiB
| title |
|---|
| binary |
{{< callout type="info">}}
Header: binary.h
Since: TBC
{{< /callout >}}
Utility functions for manipulating binary numbers.
Rotate
Rotate the bits in the value left or right.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 T rotate_left(T value)
Return
value rotated left by one bit.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 T rotate_left(T value, size_t distance)
Return
value rotated left by distance.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 T rotate_right(T value)
Return
value rotated right by one bit.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 T rotate_right(T value, size_t distance)
Return
value rotated right by distance.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 T rotate(T value, typename etl::make_signed<size_t>::type distance)
Parameters
distance Positive is left, negative is right.
Return
value rotated left or right by distance.
reverse_bits
Reverse the order of the bits in a value.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 T reverse_bits(T value)
The structures below define a member constant value that is Value reversed in bits.
template <int8_t Value>
struct reverse_bits_const<int8_t, Value>
template <uint8_t Value>
struct reverse_bits_const<uint8_t, Value>
template <int16_t Value>
struct reverse_bits_const<int16_t, Value>
template <uint16_t Value>
struct reverse_bits_const<uint16_t, Value>
template <int32_t Value>
struct reverse_bits_const<int32_t, Value>
template <uint32_t Value>
struct reverse_bits_const<uint32_t, Value>
template <int64_t Value>
struct reverse_bits_const<int64_t, Value>
template <uint64_t Value>
struct reverse_bits_const<uint64_t, Value>
Defines value The reversed bits.
reverse_bytes
Reverse the order of the bytes in a value.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 T reverse_bytes(T value)
gray_to_binary
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 T gray_to_binary(T value)
Converts a gray code value to binary.
binary_to_gray
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR T binary_to_gray(T value)
Converts a binary value to the gray code equivalent.
count_bits
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t count_bits(T value)
Return
The number of set bits in value.
parity
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t parity(T value)
Return
1 if the parity of the value is odd, 0 if it is even.
max_value_for_nbits
template <size_t NBits>
struct max_value_for_nbits
Return
Maximum unsigned value a particular number of bits can represent.
value_type The type for the value.
value The maximum value.
fold_bits
template <typename TReturn, size_t NBits, typename TValue>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 TReturn fold_bits(TValue value)
Description
Fold a binary number down to a set number of bits using XOR.
Example
0xE8C9AACCBC3D9A8F folded down to 20 bits = 0x998E8
uint32_t result = etl::fold_bits<uint32_t, 20>(0xE8C9AACCBC3D9A8F);
sign_extend
Sign extends a binary number.
template <typename TReturn, size_t NBits, typename TValue>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 TReturn sign_extend(TValue value)
Description
Converts an N bit binary number, where bit N-1 is the sign bit, to a signed integral type.
template <typename TReturn, size_t NBits, size_t Shift, typename TValue>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 TReturn sign_extend(TValue value)
Description
Converts an N bit binary number, where bit N-1 is the sign bit, and Shift is the right shift amount, to a signed integral type.
template <typename TReturn, typename TValue>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 TReturn sign_extend(TValue value, size_t nbits)
Description
Converts an N bit binary number, where bit N-1 is the sign bit, to a signed integral type.
template <typename TReturn, typename TValue>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 TReturn sign_extend(TValue value, size_t nbits, size_t shift)
Description
Converts an N bit binary number, where bit N-1 is the sign bit, and shift is the right shift amount, to a signed integral type.
count_leading_zeros
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t count_leading_zeros(T value)
Description
Counts the number of leading zeros in a binary number
count_trailing_zeros
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t count_trailing_zeros(T value)
Description
Counts the number of trailing zeros in a binary number
count_leading_ones
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t count_leading_ones(T value)
Description
Counts the number of leading ones in a binary number
count_trailing_ones
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t count_trailing_ones(T value)
Description
Counts the number of trailing ones in a binary number
first_set_bit_position
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t first_set_bit_position(T value)
Description
Finds the index of the first set bit from lsb.
first_clear_bit_position
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t first_clear_bit_position(T value)
Description
Finds the index of the first clear bit from lsb.
first_bit_position
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint_least8_t first_bit_position(bool state, T value)
Description
Finds the index of the first bit in the specified state, from lsb.
binary_fill
template <typename TResult, typename TValue>
ETL_CONSTEXPR TResult binary_fill(TValue value)
Fills a value of the specified width with a repeating binary pattern.
Run time
Generate 0x12121212
etl::binary_fill<uint32_t>(uint8_t(0x12));
template <typename TResult, typename TValue, TValue Value>
ETL_CONSTEXPR TResult binary_fill()
Partial compile time
Generate 0x12121212
etl::binary_fill<uint32_t, uint8_t, 0x12>();
has_zero_byte
template <typename TValue>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 bool has_zero_byte(TValue value)
Run time
Checks to see if a value contains a byte of value zero.
Example
etl::has_zero_byte(uint32_t(0x01234567)) == false
etl::has_zero_byte(uint32_t(0x01230067)) == true
template <typename TValue, TValue Value>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 bool has_zero_byte()
Checks to see if Value contains a byte of value zero.
Compile time value
has_byte_n
Checks to see if a value contains a byte of a particular value.
template <typename TValue>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 bool has_byte_n(TValue value, uint8_t n)
Run time
etl::has_byte_n(uint32_t(0x01234567), 0x12) == false
etl::has_byte_n(uint32_t(0x01234567), 0x45) == true
template <typename TValue, TValue Value>
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 bool has_byte_n(TValue value)
Partial compile time
etl::has_byte_n<0x12>(uint32_t(0x01234567)) == false
etl::has_byte_n<0x45>(uint32_t(0x01234567)) == true
binary_merge
Merges two binary values according to a mask.
Bits set in the mask select bits in the first value, clear bits select those in the second.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR T binary_merge(T first, T second, T mask)
uint8_t first = 0x12;
uint8_t second = 0x34;
const uint8_t mask = 0xF0;
etl::binary_merge(first, second, mask) Equals 0x14
template <typename T, T Mask>
ETL_CONSTEXPR T binary_merge(T first, T second)
uint8_t first = 0x12;
uint8_t second = 0x34;
const uint8_t mask = 0xF0;
etl::binary_merge<uint8_t, mask>(first, second) Equals 0x14
binary_interleave
Interleaves two values such that bits abcd and efgh will result in eafbgchd.
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint16_t binary_interleave(uint8_t first, uint8_t second);
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint32_t binary_interleave(uint16_t first, uint16_t second);
ETL_CONSTEXPR14 uint64_t binary_interleave(uint32_t first, uint32_t second);
Odd / Even
Determines the odd or evenness of a value.
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR bool is_odd(T value)
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR bool is_even(T value)
Constants
enum binary_constant
An enumeration of 256 constants from b00000000 to b11111111 (0 to 255)
enum bit_constant
An enumeration of 32 constants from b0 to b31 (1 to 4294967296)
template <size_t Position>
struct bit
value_type The type of the value.
value The value of the bit at Position.
Creating bit masks
These classes and constexpr functions help create lsb and msb masks.
template <typename T, size_t NBits>
class lsb_mask;
Defines the member constant value as a binary value of NBits 1 shift to the LSB.
e.g. lsb_mask<int8_t, 3>::value == 0b00000111
From: 20.34.0
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR T make_lsb_mask(size_t nbits)
Returns a binary value of nbits 1 shift to the LSB.
e.g. make_lsb_mask<int8_t>(3) == 0b00000111
From: 20.34.0
template <typename T, size_t NBits>
ETL_CONSTEXPR T make_lsb_mask()
Description
Returns a binary value of nbits 1 shift to the LSB.
e.g. make_lsb_mask<int8_t, 3>() == 0b00000111
From: 20.38.7
template <typename T, size_t NBits>
class msb_mask;
Return
A binary value of nbits 1 shift to the MSB.
e.g. msb_mask<int8_t, 3>::value == 0b11100000
From: 20.34.0
template <typename T>
ETL_CONSTEXPR T make_msb_mask(size_t nbits)
Description
Defines the member constant value as a binary value of NBits 1 shift to the MSB.
e.g. make_msb_mask<int8_t>(3) == 0b11100000
20.34.0
template <typename T, size_t NBits>
ETL_CONSTEXPR T make_msb_mask()
Description
Defines the member constant value as a binary value of NBits 1 shift to the MSB.
e.g. make_msb_mask<int8_t, 3>() == 0b11100000
From: 20.38.7
Bit manipulation functors
These functors are most useful where lambdas are not available.
binary_not
template <typename T>
struct binary_not : public etl::unary_function<T, T>;
From: 20.38.11
ETL_CONSTEXPR
binary_not()
Description
Default constructor.
ETL_CONSTEXPR
ETL_NODISCARD
T operator()(T value) const ETL_NOEXCEPT
Return
~value.
binary_and
template <typename T>
struct binary_and : public etl::unary_function<T, T>;
From: 20.38.11
ETL_CONSTEXPR
explicit binary_and(T and_value)
Description
Constructor.
ETL_CONSTEXPR
ETL_NODISCARD
T operator()(T value) const ETL_NOEXCEPT
Return
value & and_value.
binary_or
template <typename T>
struct binary_or : public etl::unary_function<T, T>;
From: 20.38.11
ETL_CONSTEXPR
explicit binary_or(T or_value)
Description
Constructor.
ETL_CONSTEXPR
ETL_NODISCARD
T operator()(T value) const ETL_NOEXCEPT
Return
value | or_value.
binary_xor
template <typename T>
struct binary_xor : public etl::unary_function<T, T>;
From: 20.38.11
ETL_CONSTEXPR
explicit binary_xor(T xor_value)
Description
Constructor.
ETL_CONSTEXPR
ETL_NODISCARD
T operator()(T value) const ETL_NOEXCEPT
Return
value ^ xor_value.